A heavy-loaded permanent magnetic suspension bearing suitable for hydro-generators

Abstract

The invention discloses a heavy-duty permanent magnetic suspension bearing suitable for a hydro-turbine generator, which is mainly composed of a thrust inner shaft ring, a thrust inner shaft ring turntable, an upper end cover, an outer seat ring, an outer magnetic guide ring, a lower end cover, a radial protection auxiliary bearing, an auxiliary bearing seat, a turntable fixing ring, an axial protection auxiliary bearing, a rotor axial magnetized permanent magnetic ring, a magnetic isolation ring, and a stator axial magnetized permanent magnetic ring. It is designed to be similar to mechanical thrust bearings such as thrust rolling bearings, turntable bearings, and thrust sliding bearings in rolling bearings, and its bearing capacity range can reach ten tons, tens of tons, hundreds of tons, and even thousands of tons. It can replace mechanical thrust bearings such as thrust rolling bearings, turntable bearings, and thrust sliding bearings in hydro-turbine generators, improve the working efficiency of hydro-turbine generators, have a long service life, no pollution, meet the dual-carbon requirements, and can solve the problems of large friction loss, high cost, and low power generation efficiency when thrust sliding bearings are used in hydro-turbine generators. In addition, the permanent magnetic suspension bearing has a long service life and a compact structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention discloses a heavy-load permanent magnetic suspension bearing, belonging to the technical field of magnetic suspension bearings. Background Art

[0002] At present, the heavy-duty hydro-turbine generators on the market mainly use thrust sliding bearings, which need to be lubricated with oil during use. After long-term use, atomization will occur. The amount of oil used is relatively large, the environmental pollution is relatively serious, the maintenance cost is relatively high, and it will cause certain pollution to water resources. In addition, strict fire prevention is required after the oil is atomized. Once a fire occurs, the danger is also relatively large. Another disadvantage is that the use of thrust sliding bearings has a relatively large power generation resistance and a relatively low efficiency in the use of water resources.

[0003] The heavy-duty permanent magnetic bearings suitable for hydro-turbine generators will reduce frictional resistance, reduce costs, extend service life, and greatly improve power generation efficiency and water resource utilization efficiency (this has been proven in other fields: the efficiency of generators using magnetic bearings instead of original mechanical bearings will increase by 25%. If the generator is comprehensively and deeply modified by increasing the speed and reducing the size of the generator, its efficiency can be increased by more than 100%), and the benefits will be greatly increased. The working state of the heavy-duty permanent magnetic bearing is to balance the external force through the magnetic force between permanent magnets. It is a non-contact bearing, and the power consumption of the bearing itself is relatively small. At the same time, when the heavy-duty permanent magnetic bearing is working, oil lubrication is not required, which makes the operation and maintenance cost of the hydro-turbine generator supported by the heavy-duty permanent magnetic bearing much less than the cost of the hydro-turbine generator supported by the thrust sliding bearing. In addition, the safety will also be greatly improved. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the problems of large friction resistance, low power generation efficiency, short service life and high maintenance cost of thrust sliding bearings used in hydro-turbine generators in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology and provide a heavy-duty permanent magnetic suspension bearing suitable for hydro-turbine generators, which can greatly improve the working efficiency of hydro-turbine generators and reduce maintenance costs, thereby increasing profits.

[0005] In order to achieve the above invention purpose, the present invention is conceived as follows:

[0006] In heavy-duty permanent magnetic bearings suitable for hydro-turbine generators, the most important thing is to support the axial load. The axial load is carried by a magnetic array structure, which has been proven to be able to withstand very large loads through Maxwell simulation calculations. Compared with the stable axial load-bearing capacity of the bearing, the radial direction is unstable but the unstable force is very small, so auxiliary protective bearings can be used in the radial direction for stable control. The heavy-duty permanent magnetic bearing has a simple structure and low cost. It has been successfully used in hydro-turbine generators, laying a solid foundation for the industrial application of permanent magnetic bearings.

[0007] The present invention is applicable to the heavy-duty permanent magnetic suspension bearing of the hydro-turbine generator. In addition to carrying loads by adopting the magnetic array method, the bearing also includes an auxiliary protection control system composed of a series of parts such as auxiliary bearings, and is designed to be similar to mechanical thrust bearings such as thrust rolling bearings, turntable bearings (slewing bearings) in rolling bearings and thrust sliding bearings in sliding bearings (shaft rings match with shaft necks, and seat rings match with bearing seats), and the bearing capacity range can reach ten tons, tens of tons, hundreds of tons, and even thousands of tons. It can replace mechanical thrust bearings such as thrust rolling bearings, turntable bearings (slewing bearings) and thrust sliding bearings in hydro-turbine generators, and can greatly improve the working efficiency of hydro-turbine generators. After the friction is greatly reduced by adopting magnetic suspension technology, the comprehensive power generation efficiency of the hydro-turbine generator can be increased by 25-125%, and the power generation efficiency of the mechanical bearing can be increased by 25% by simply replacing the mechanical bearing. If the generator set is fully and deeply transformed, the comprehensive power generation efficiency can be increased by 100%, which is equivalent to building an additional hydropower station, which brings revolutionary changes to industrial production, and has a long life and is pollution-free, meeting the dual carbon requirements.

[0008] In order to achieve the above invention purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0009] A heavy-duty permanent magnetic suspension bearing suitable for a hydro-turbine generator is composed of a series of parts including a thrust inner shaft ring, a thrust inner shaft ring turntable, an upper end cover, an outer seat ring, a magnetic guide ring, a lower end cover, a radial protection auxiliary bearing, an auxiliary bearing seat, a turntable fixing ring, an axial protection auxiliary bearing, a rotor axial magnetized permanent magnetic ring, a magnetic isolation ring, and a stator axial magnetized permanent magnetic ring; the thrust inner shaft ring and the outer seat ring are coaxially sleeved to form an annular space of the magnetic suspension bearing, and the upper and lower end surfaces of the annular chamber of the magnetic suspension bearing are sealed and fastened through the upper end cover and the lower end cover by countersunk hexagon socket bolts, so that the annular space of the magnetic suspension bearing forms a closed chamber;

[0010] Outside the annular space of the magnetic suspension bearing, the radial protection auxiliary bearing is arranged as two sets of radial ball bearings, the outer ring of each set of radial protection auxiliary bearing is fixedly installed in the auxiliary bearing seats at the outer ends of the upper end cover and the lower end cover respectively, and the inner ring sliding sleeve of the radial protection auxiliary bearing is on the outer diameter journal surface of the thrust inner shaft ring to limit and control its radial displacement;

[0011] A magnetic conductive ring, an axial protection auxiliary bearing, a rotor axially magnetized permanent magnetic ring, a magnetic isolation ring, and a stator axially magnetized permanent magnetic ring are arranged inside the annular space of the magnetic suspension bearing; a thrust inner shaft ring turntable is also arranged inside the annular space of the magnetic suspension bearing, the rotor axially magnetized permanent magnetic ring and another magnetic isolation ring are nested and fixed on the thrust inner shaft ring turntable, the thrust inner shaft ring turntable and the reinforcement plate are fixed by bolts, and are fixed with a turntable fixing ring at the connection with the bearing thrust inner shaft ring, thereby forming a permanent magnetic bearing thrust inner shaft ring turntable rotor system; the stator axially magnetized permanent magnetic ring and another magnetic conductive ring are nested and fixed on the lower end cover, forming an outer cover of the permanent magnetic bearing. Seat ring stator system; one end of the magnetic conductive ring is fixedly mounted on the lower end cover, and the other end of the magnetic conductive ring is installed with an axial protection auxiliary bearing. The distance between the axial protection auxiliary bearing and the thrust inner shaft ring rotating disk is the axial protection gap. The axial protection auxiliary bearing is a thrust ring made of steel, and its upper end surface is coated with a layer of ceramic material and a layer of polytetrafluoroethylene. When the axial displacement of the thrust inner shaft ring rotating disk exceeds the axial protection gap and contacts the polytetrafluoroethylene layer of the thrust ring ceramic material, the polytetrafluoroethylene plays a role of solid lubrication, and the ceramic plays a role of wear resistance, limiting the axial displacement of the thrust inner shaft ring rotating disk to not exceed the axial protection gap, and playing an axial protection role. The stator axial magnetization permanent magnetic ring of the present invention is nested and fixed on the lower end cover with the magnetic isolation ring and the magnetic conductive ring. The stator axial magnetization permanent magnetic ring and the magnetic isolation ring are close to the inner magnetic conductive ring. The upper end cover and the lower end cover are respectively fixedly connected with the outer seat ring by a number of countersunk hexagon socket bolts to form the outer seat ring stator system of the permanent magnetic bearing. The rotor axial magnetized permanent magnet ring and the magnetic isolation ring of the present invention are nested and fixed on the thrust inner shaft ring turntable to form a permanent magnet bearing thrust inner shaft ring turntable rotor system. The radial protection auxiliary bearing is two sets of radial ball bearings, and the inner ring sliding sleeve of the radial protection auxiliary bearing is on the outer diameter journal surface of the thrust inner shaft ring to limit and control its radial displacement. The radial protection auxiliary bearing is almost stress-free in the axial direction and is also almost stress-free in the radial direction in theory. It only controls the radial displacement of the thrust inner shaft ring to play a radial positioning role and provides radial positioning protection for it.

[0012] Preferably, the stator axially magnetized permanent magnetic ring at least includes a first stator axially magnetized permanent magnetic ring, a second stator axially magnetized permanent magnetic ring and a third stator axially magnetized permanent magnetic ring which are arranged at intervals; wherein the first upper magnetic ring and the first lower magnetic ring of the first stator axially magnetized permanent magnetic ring arranged at the upper and lower ends of the first magnetic isolation ring have opposite magnetic pole directions, the second upper magnetic ring and the second lower magnetic ring of the second stator axially magnetized permanent magnetic ring arranged at the upper and lower ends of the second magnetic isolation ring have opposite magnetic pole directions, the third upper magnetic ring and the third lower magnetic ring of the third stator axially magnetized permanent magnetic ring arranged at the upper and lower ends of the third magnetic isolation ring have opposite magnetic pole directions, the magnetic conductive ring includes an inner magnetic conductive ring and an outer magnetic conductive ring, the stator axially magnetized permanent magnetic ring and the magnetic conductive ring are nested and fixed on the lower end cover, the first stator axially magnetized permanent magnetic ring and the first magnetic isolation ring are arranged close to the inner magnetic conductive ring, and the third stator axially magnetized permanent magnetic ring and the third magnetic isolation ring are arranged close to the outer magnetic conductive ring.

[0013] Preferably, the rotor axially magnetized permanent magnet ring includes at least a first rotor axially magnetized permanent magnet ring and a second rotor axially magnetized permanent magnet ring which are arranged at intervals, wherein the first upper magnetic ring and the first lower magnetic ring of the first rotor axially magnetized permanent magnet ring arranged at the upper and lower ends of the first magnetic isolation ring have opposite magnetic pole directions, and the second upper magnetic ring and the second lower magnetic ring of the second rotor axially magnetized permanent magnet ring arranged at the upper and lower ends of the second magnetic isolation ring have opposite magnetic pole directions, and the rotor axially magnetized permanent magnet ring and the corresponding magnetic conductive rings are nested and fixed on the thrust inner shaft ring turntable.

[0014] Preferably, the projections of the first stator axial magnetized permanent magnet ring, the first rotor axial magnetized permanent magnet ring, the second stator axial magnetized permanent magnet ring, the second rotor axial magnetized permanent magnet ring and the third stator axial magnetized permanent magnet ring on the plane along the bearing axis are arranged in a sequentially spaced relationship.

[0015] Preferably, when the lowest edges of the i-th lower magnetic ring and the ii-th lower magnetic ring of the rotor axially magnetized permanent magnetic ring descend and enter the position area of ​​the first upper magnetic ring, the second upper magnetic ring and the third upper magnetic ring of the stator axially magnetized permanent magnetic ring, the first lower magnetic ring, the second lower magnetic ring and the third lower magnetic ring of the stator axially magnetized permanent magnetic ring generate an upward repulsive force on the i-th lower magnetic ring and the ii-th lower magnetic ring of the rotor axially magnetized permanent magnetic ring; the first upper magnetic ring, the second upper magnetic ring and the third upper magnetic ring of the stator axially magnetized permanent magnetic ring generate an upward repulsive force on the i-th lower magnetic ring and the ii-th lower magnetic ring of the rotor axially magnetized permanent magnetic ring. Suction; the first upper magnetic ring, the second upper magnetic ring, and the third upper magnetic ring of the stator axial magnetization permanent magnetic ring generate upward repulsion on the first upper magnetic ring and the second upper magnetic ring of the rotor axial magnetization permanent magnetic ring; at this position, the axial bearing force is the combined force of suction and repulsion, the direction is upward, and the magnitude is equal to the gravity of the permanent magnetic bearing inner shaft ring turntable rotor system formed by the first lower magnetic ring, the second lower magnetic ring, the first isolation magnetic ring and the second isolation magnetic ring, the thrust inner shaft ring turntable, the thrust inner shaft ring, and the turntable fixing ring, and the gravity of the main machine shaft neck spindle connected to the thrust inner shaft ring and the external load thereon. In the present invention, when the bottom edge of the rotor axial magnetization permanent magnetic ring descends and enters the position area of ​​the stator axial magnetization permanent magnetic ring, the stator axial magnetization permanent magnetic ring generates an upward repulsion on the rotor axial magnetization permanent magnetic ring, and at the same time, the stator axial magnetization permanent magnetic ring generates an upward suction on the rotor axial magnetization permanent magnetic ring. In this position, the axial bearing capacity is the combined force of attraction and repulsion, with an upward direction and a magnitude equal to the gravity of the permanent magnetic bearing inner shaft ring turntable rotor system formed by the rotor axial magnetized permanent magnet ring, magnetic isolation ring, thrust inner shaft ring turntable, thrust inner shaft ring, and turntable fixing ring, and the gravity of the main engine shaft neck spindle connected to the thrust inner shaft ring and the external load thereon.

[0016] Working principle of the present invention:

[0017] The heavy-duty permanent magnetic suspension bearing is a key supporting part of the turbine. When it is not installed on the shaft, the radial protection auxiliary bearing and the magnetic array pair will ensure the centring of the thrust inner shaft ring and the concentricity and equal clearance of the rotor axial magnetized permanent magnetic ring and the stator axial magnetized permanent magnetic ring. Theoretically, the resultant force of the radial magnetic force of the stator axial magnetized permanent magnetic ring on the rotor axial magnetized permanent magnetic ring on the radial protection auxiliary bearing is zero. Theoretically, the radial protection auxiliary bearing 7 is not subjected to force in the radial direction and only plays a radial positioning protection role; at the same time, the axial gravity of the thrust inner shaft ring, the thrust inner shaft ring turntable, the i-th magnetic isolation ring and the ii-th magnetic isolation ring and the i-th upper magnetic ring, the ii-th upper magnetic ring, the i-th lower magnetic ring and the ii-th lower magnetic ring of the rotor permanent magnetic ring is equal to the upward suction F generated by the first upper magnetic ring, the second upper magnetic ring and the third upper magnetic ring of the stator axial magnetized permanent magnetic ring on the i-th lower magnetic ring and the ii-th lower magnetic ring of the rotor axial magnetized permanent magnetic ring. A1D1 、F A2D1 、F A2D2 、F A3D2 The resultant force, FA1D1 、F A2D1 、F A2D2 、F A3D2 They are respectively the attraction of the first upper magnetic ring on the first lower magnetic ring, the attraction of the second upper magnetic ring on the first lower magnetic ring, the attraction of the second upper magnetic ring on the second lower magnetic ring, and the attraction of the third upper magnetic ring on the second lower magnetic ring. After the heavy-duty permanent magnetic suspension bearing is assembled on the main engine shaft, the gravity of a series of rotating parts of the rotor axially magnetized permanent magnetic ring, including the first lower magnetic ring, the second lower magnetic ring, the first isolation magnetic ring, the second isolation magnetic ring, the thrust inner shaft ring, the turntable, the thrust inner shaft ring, the turntable fixing ring and the main engine shaft and the external load thereon are generated by the first lower magnetic ring, the second lower magnetic ring and the third lower magnetic ring of the stator axially magnetized permanent magnetic ring on the first lower magnetic ring and the second lower magnetic ring of the rotor axially magnetized permanent magnetic ring. B1D1 、F B2D1 、F B2D2 、F B3D2 The first upper magnetic ring, the second upper magnetic ring, and the third upper magnetic ring of the stator axially magnetized permanent magnetic ring generate an upward suction force F on the first lower magnetic ring and the second lower magnetic ring of the rotor axially magnetized permanent magnetic ring. A1D1 、F A2D1 、F A2D2 、F A3D2 The first upper magnetic ring, the second upper magnetic ring, and the third upper magnetic ring of the stator axially magnetized permanent magnetic ring generate an upward repulsive force F on the first upper magnetic ring and the second upper magnetic ring of the rotor axially magnetized permanent magnetic ring. A1C1 、F A2C1 、F A2C2 、F A3C2 The combined force is borne; F B1D1 、F B2D1 、F B2D2 、F B3D2 are respectively the suction force of the first lower magnetic ring on the i-th lower magnetic ring, the suction force of the second lower magnetic ring on the i-th lower magnetic ring, the suction force of the second lower magnetic ring on the ii-th lower magnetic ring, and the suction force of the third lower magnetic ring on the ii-th lower magnetic ring; F A1C1 、F A2C1 、F A2C2 、F A3C2 They are respectively the repulsive force of the first upper magnetic ring on the i-th upper magnetic ring, the repulsive force of the second upper magnetic ring on the ith upper magnetic ring, the repulsive force of the first upper magnetic ring on the ith upper magnetic ring, the repulsive force of the second upper magnetic ring on the ii-th upper magnetic ring, and the repulsive force of the third upper magnetic ring on the ii-th upper magnetic ring.

[0018] At present, the maximum gravity that can be carried in a certain size is 14 tons, and in other increased sizes, it can reach tens of tons, hundreds of tons or even thousands of tons. The thrust inner shaft ring 1 is connected to the radial protection auxiliary bearing 7 through clearance fit, and is connected to the main engine shaft through interference fit. Under normal operation, the water wheel drives the heavy-load permanent magnetic suspension bearing rotor system and the main engine shaft to rotate and generate electricity under the action of hydraulic force.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following obvious outstanding substantive features and significant advantages:

[0020] 1. The present invention is applicable to the heavy-duty permanent magnetic suspension bearing structure of the hydro-generator, which has a compact structure and can greatly improve the working efficiency of the hydro-generator and reduce maintenance costs, thereby increasing profits;

[0021] 2. The heavy-duty permanent magnetic suspension bearing of the present invention has a long service life, is pollution-free, meets the dual-carbon requirements, and can solve a series of problems such as large friction loss, high cost, and low power generation efficiency when using sliding thrust bearings in hydro-turbine generators. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 The figure is a schematic structural diagram of an assembled heavy-duty permanent magnetic suspension bearing suitable for a hydro-generator according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 2 This is a serial number diagram of the axially magnetized permanent magnet ring of the rotor and the axially magnetized permanent magnet ring of the stator of the heavy-duty permanent magnet suspension bearing according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 3 This is a force principle diagram of a heavy-duty permanent magnetic suspension bearing according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 4 This is a load-bearing capacity curve diagram of a heavy-duty permanent magnetic suspension bearing at different axial positions according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The above scheme is further described below in conjunction with specific implementation examples. The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail as follows:

[0027] Embodiment 1:

[0028] In this embodiment, see Figure 1 A heavy-duty permanent magnetic suspension bearing suitable for a hydro-turbine generator, comprising a thrust inner shaft ring 1, a thrust inner shaft ring turntable 2, an upper end cover 3, an outer seat ring 4, a magnetic guide ring 5, a lower end cover 6, a radial protection auxiliary bearing 7, an auxiliary bearing seat 8, a turntable fixing ring 9, an axial protection auxiliary bearing 10, a rotor axial magnetized permanent magnetic ring 11, a magnetic isolation ring 12, and a stator axial magnetized permanent magnetic ring 13;

[0029] The thrust inner shaft ring 1 and the outer seat ring 4 are coaxially sleeved to form an annular space of the magnetic suspension bearing. The upper and lower end surfaces of the annular chamber of the magnetic suspension bearing are sealed and fastened by the countersunk hexagon socket bolts A1 through the upper end cover 3 and the lower end cover 6, so that the annular space of the magnetic suspension bearing forms a closed chamber.

[0030] Outside the annular space of the magnetic suspension bearing, the radial protection auxiliary bearing 7 is provided as two sets of radial ball bearings, the outer ring of each set of radial protection auxiliary bearing 7 is fixedly mounted in the auxiliary bearing seat 8 at the outer end of the upper end cover 3 and the lower end cover 6, respectively, and the inner ring sliding sleeve of the radial protection auxiliary bearing 7 is on the outer diameter journal surface of the thrust inner shaft ring 1 to limit and control its radial displacement;

[0031] A magnetic conductive ring 5, an axial protection auxiliary bearing 10, a rotor axially magnetized permanent magnetic ring 11, a magnetic isolation ring 12, and a stator axially magnetized permanent magnetic ring 13 are arranged inside the annular space of the magnetic suspension bearing; a thrust inner shaft ring turntable 2 is also arranged inside the annular space of the magnetic suspension bearing, the rotor axially magnetized permanent magnetic ring 11 and another magnetic isolation ring 12 are nested and fixed on the thrust inner shaft ring turntable 2, the thrust inner shaft ring turntable 2 and the reinforcement disk are fixed by bolts, and are fixed at the connection with the bearing thrust inner shaft ring 1 by a turntable fixing ring 9, thereby forming a permanent magnetic bearing thrust inner shaft ring turntable rotor system; the stator axially magnetized permanent magnetic ring 13 and another magnetic conductive ring 5 are nested and fixed on the lower end cover 6, forming a permanent The outer ring stator system of the magnetic bearing; one end of the magnetic conductive ring 5 is fixedly mounted on the lower end cover 6, and the other end of the magnetic conductive ring 5 is installed with an axial protection auxiliary bearing 10. The distance between the axial protection auxiliary bearing 10 and the thrust inner shaft ring turntable 2 is the axial protection gap. The axial protection auxiliary bearing 10 is a thrust ring made of steel, and its upper end surface is coated with a layer of ceramic material and a layer of polytetrafluoroethylene. When the axial displacement of the thrust inner shaft ring turntable 2 exceeds the axial protection gap and contacts with the polytetrafluoroethylene layer of the thrust ring ceramic material, the polytetrafluoroethylene plays a role of solid lubrication and the ceramic plays a role of wear resistance, limiting the axial displacement of the thrust inner shaft ring turntable 2 from exceeding the axial protection gap, thereby playing an axial protection role.

[0032] The heavy-duty permanent magnetic suspension bearing applicable to the hydro-turbine generator of this embodiment solves the problems of large friction resistance, low power generation efficiency, short service life and high maintenance cost of thrust sliding bearings applied to hydro-turbine generators in the prior art. The heavy-duty permanent magnetic suspension bearing applicable to the hydro-turbine generator of this embodiment can greatly improve the working efficiency of the hydro-turbine generator and reduce maintenance costs, thereby increasing profits.

[0033] Embodiment 2:

[0034] This embodiment is basically the same as the first embodiment, except that:

[0035] In this embodiment, see Figure 1-Figure 3 The stator axial magnetization permanent magnet ring 13 at least includes a first stator axial magnetization permanent magnet ring A arranged at intervals. 1 , B 1 、Second stator axial magnetization permanent magnet ring A 2 , B 2 and the third stator axially magnetized permanent magnet ring A 3 , B3 ; Wherein the first magnetic isolation ring G 1 The first stator axially magnetized permanent magnet ring A at the upper and lower ends 1 , B 1 The first upper magnetic ring A 1 and the first lower magnetic ring B 1 The magnetic pole direction is opposite, and it is set in the second magnetic isolation ring G 2 The second stator axially magnetized permanent magnet ring A at the upper and lower ends 2 , B 2 The second upper magnetic ring A 2 and the second lower magnetic ring B 2 The magnetic pole direction is opposite, and it is set in the third magnetic isolation ring G 3 The third stator axially magnetized permanent magnet ring A at the upper and lower ends 3 , B 3 The third upper magnetic ring A 3 and the third lower magnetic ring B 3 The magnetic poles of the rings are opposite in direction, and the magnetic ring 5 includes an inner magnetic ring E 1 And the outer magnetic ring E 2 The stator axial magnetization permanent magnet ring 13 and the magnetic conductive ring 5 are nested and fixed on the lower end cover 6. The first stator axial magnetization permanent magnet ring A 1 , B 1 and the first magnetic isolation ring G 1 With inner magnetic ring E 1 Closely set, the third stator axial magnetization permanent magnet ring A 3 , B 3 and the third magnetic isolation ring G 3 With the outer magnetic ring E 2 Close to setting;

[0036] Furthermore, the rotor axial magnetization permanent magnet ring 11 at least comprises a first rotor axial magnetization permanent magnet ring C arranged at intervals. 1 , D 1 , the second rotor axially magnetized permanent magnet ring C 2 , D 2 , wherein the first magnetic isolation ring G is set 4 The first rotor axially magnetized permanent magnet ring C at the upper and lower ends 1 , D 1 The first upper magnetic ring C 1 and the first lower magnetic ring D 1 The magnetic pole direction is opposite, and it is set in the second isolation magnetic ring G 5 The second rotor axially magnetized permanent magnet ring C at the upper and lower ends 2 , D 2 The second upper magnetic ring C 2 and the second lower magnetic ring D 2The magnetic pole directions are opposite, the rotor axially magnetized permanent magnet ring 11 and the corresponding magnetic conductive ring 5 are nested and fixed on the thrust inner shaft ring turntable 2;

[0037] The first stator axially magnetized permanent magnet ring A 1 , B 1 、The first rotor axially magnetized permanent magnet ring C 1 , D 1 、Second stator axial magnetization permanent magnet ring A 2 , B 2 , the second rotor axially magnetized permanent magnet ring C 2 , D 2 、The third stator axial magnetization permanent magnet ring A 3 , B 3 The projection of the plane in the axial direction of the bearing forms a sequentially spaced arrangement relationship.

[0038] In this embodiment, when the rotor axially magnetized permanent magnet ring 11 has the first lower magnetic ring D 1 、II Lower Magnetic Ring D 2 The bottom edge of the stator descends into the first upper magnetic ring A of the stator axially magnetized permanent magnetic ring 13. 1 、Second upper magnetic ring A 2 、The third upper magnetic ring A 3 When the position area is within the stator axial magnetization permanent magnet ring 13, the first lower magnetic ring B 1 、Second lower magnetic ring B 2 、The third lower magnetic ring B 3 The first lower magnetic ring D of the rotor axially magnetized permanent magnetic ring 11 1 、II Lower Magnetic Ring D 2 Generates an upward repulsive force F B1D1 、F B2D1 、F B2D2 、F B3D2 The first upper magnetic ring A of the stator axially magnetized permanent magnet ring 13 1 、Second upper magnetic ring A 2 、The third upper magnetic ring A 3 The first lower magnetic ring D of the rotor axially magnetized permanent magnetic ring 11 1 、II Lower Magnetic Ring D 2 Generate upward suction F A1D1 、F A2D1 、F A2D2 、F A3D2 The first upper magnetic ring A of the stator axially magnetized permanent magnet ring 13 1 、Second upper magnetic ring A 2 、The third upper magnetic ring A 3 The first upper magnetic ring C of the rotor axial magnetization permanent magnetic ring 11 1 、II upper magnetic ring C 2 Generates an upward repulsive force FA1C1 、F A2C1 、F A2C2 、F A3C2 In this position, the axial bearing force is the combined force of attraction and repulsion, the direction is upward, and the magnitude is equal to the rotor axial magnetization permanent magnet ring 11 of the lower magnetic ring D 1 、II Lower Magnetic Ring D 2 、First magnetic isolation ring G 4 and the second magnetic isolation ring G 5 , the gravity of the permanent magnetic bearing inner shaft ring turntable rotor system formed by the thrust inner shaft ring turntable 2, the thrust inner shaft ring 1, and the turntable fixing ring 9, and the gravity of the main engine shaft neck spindle connected to the thrust inner shaft ring 1 and the external load thereon. Among them, F A1D1 、F A2D1 、F A2D2 、F A3D2 They are respectively the suction force of the first upper magnetic ring on the first lower magnetic ring, the suction force of the second upper magnetic ring on the first lower magnetic ring, the suction force of the second upper magnetic ring on the second lower magnetic ring, and the suction force of the third upper magnetic ring on the second lower magnetic ring. B1D1 、F B2D1 、F B2D2 、F B3D2 are respectively the suction force of the first lower magnetic ring on the i-th lower magnetic ring, the suction force of the second lower magnetic ring on the i-th lower magnetic ring, the suction force of the second lower magnetic ring on the ii-th lower magnetic ring, and the suction force of the third lower magnetic ring on the ii-th lower magnetic ring; F A1C1 、F A2C1 、F A2C2 、F A3C2 They are respectively the repulsive force of the first upper magnetic ring on the i-th upper magnetic ring, the repulsive force of the second upper magnetic ring on the ith upper magnetic ring, the repulsive force of the first upper magnetic ring on the ith upper magnetic ring, the repulsive force of the second upper magnetic ring on the ii-th upper magnetic ring, and the repulsive force of the third upper magnetic ring on the ii-th upper magnetic ring.

[0039] See attached Figure 1 To Attachment Figure 4 The heavy-duty permanent magnetic suspension bearing is a key supporting part of the hydro-generator. When it is not installed on the shaft, the radial protection auxiliary bearing 7 and the magnetic array pair will ensure the centring of the thrust inner shaft ring 1 and the concentricity and equal clearance of the rotor axial magnetized permanent magnetic ring 11 and the stator axial magnetized permanent magnetic ring 13. In theory, the resultant force of the radial magnetic force of the stator axial magnetized permanent magnetic ring 13 on the rotor axial magnetized permanent magnetic ring 11 on the radial protection auxiliary bearing 7 is zero. In theory, the radial protection auxiliary bearing 7 is not subjected to radial force and only plays a radial protection role. At the same time, the thrust inner shaft ring 1, the thrust inner shaft ring turntable 2, and the magnetic isolation ring G 4 and G 5 and rotor permanent magnet ring C 1 , C 2 , D 1 , D 2The gravity in the axial direction is equal to the stator axial magnetization permanent magnet ring A 1 , A 2 , A 3 Axially magnetize the permanent magnet ring D 1 , D 2 Generate upward suction F A1D1 、F A2D1 、F A2D2 、F A3D2 After the heavy-duty permanent magnetic suspension bearing is assembled on the main shaft of the hydro-generator, the rotor axially magnetizes the permanent magnetic ring D 1 , D 2 、Magnetic isolation ring G 4 and G 5 The gravity of a series of rotating parts such as the thrust inner shaft ring, the turntable 2, the thrust inner shaft ring 1, the turntable fixing ring 9 and the main machine shaft and the external load on them are axially magnetized by the stator permanent magnet ring B. 1 , B 2 , B 3 Axially magnetize the permanent magnet ring D 1 , D 2 Generates an upward repulsive force F B1D1 、F B2D1 、F B2D2 、F B3D2 、Stator axial magnetization permanent magnet ring A 1 , A 2 , A 3 Axially magnetize the permanent magnet ring D 1 , D 2 Generate upward suction F A1D1 、F A2D1 、F A2D2 、F A3D2 and stator axial magnetization permanent magnet ring A 1 , A 2 , A 3 Axially magnetize the permanent magnet ring C of the rotor 1 , C 2 Generates an upward repulsive force F A1C1 、F A2C1 、F A2C2 、F A3C2 The combined force can bear the maximum gravity of 14 tons in a certain size at present, and can reach tens, hundreds or even thousands of tons in other increased sizes. The thrust inner shaft ring 1 is connected to the inner ring of the radial protection auxiliary bearing 7 through the clearance fit of the sliding sleeve, and is connected to the main engine shaft through the interference fit. Under normal operation, the water wheel drives the heavy-loaded permanent magnetic suspension bearing rotor system and the main engine shaft to rotate and generate electricity under the action of hydraulic force.

[0040] The above embodiment of the present invention is designed to be similar to the thrust rolling bearing in which the shaft ring and the shaft neck are matched, the seat ring and the bearing seat are matched, the turntable bearing of the slewing bearing, the thrust sliding bearing in the sliding bearing and other mechanical thrust bearings, and the bearing capacity range can reach ten tons, tens of tons, hundreds of tons or even thousands of tons, and can replace the thrust rolling bearing, turntable bearing, thrust sliding bearing and other mechanical thrust bearings in the hydro-turbine generator, thereby greatly improving the working efficiency of the hydro-turbine generator. After the magnetic suspension technology is used to transform or eliminate friction, the comprehensive power generation efficiency of the hydro-turbine generator can be increased by 25-125%, and the power generation efficiency can be increased by 25% by simply replacing the mechanical bearing. If the generator set is further transformed in depth, the comprehensive power generation efficiency can be increased by 100%, and it has a long life and no pollution, meets the dual carbon requirements, and can solve a series of problems such as large friction loss, high cost, and low power generation efficiency when the thrust sliding bearing is used in the hydro-turbine generator, and the permanent magnetic suspension bearing also has the advantages of long life and compact structure.

[0041] The above describes the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Various changes can be made according to the purpose of the invention. Any changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations or simplifications made according to the spirit and principle of the technical solution of the present invention should be equivalent replacement methods. As long as they meet the purpose of the invention and do not deviate from the technical principles and inventive concepts of the present invention, they belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A heavy-duty permanent magnetic suspension bearing suitable for a hydro-generator, characterized in that: It is composed of a series of parts, including a thrust inner shaft ring (1), a thrust inner shaft ring turntable (2), an upper end cover (3), an outer seat ring (4), a magnetic guide ring (5), a lower end cover (6), a radial protection auxiliary bearing (7), an auxiliary bearing seat (8), a turntable fixing ring (9), an axial protection auxiliary bearing (10), a rotor axial magnetization permanent magnet ring (11), a magnetic isolation ring (12), and a stator axial magnetization permanent magnet ring (13); The thrust inner shaft ring (1) and the outer seat ring (4) are coaxially sleeved to form an annular space of the magnetic suspension bearing, and the upper and lower end surfaces of the annular chamber of the magnetic suspension bearing are sealed and fastened through the upper end cover (3) and the lower end cover (6) by countersunk hexagon socket bolts, so that the annular space of the magnetic suspension bearing forms a closed chamber; Outside the annular space of the magnetic bearing, the radial protection auxiliary bearing (7) is provided as two sets of radial ball bearings, the outer ring of each set of radial protection auxiliary bearing (7) is fixedly mounted in the auxiliary bearing seat (8) at the outer end of the upper end cover (3) and the lower end cover (6), respectively, and the inner ring sliding sleeve of the radial protection auxiliary bearing (7) is on the outer diameter journal surface of the thrust inner shaft ring (1) to limit and control its radial displacement; A magnetic conductive ring (5), an axial protective auxiliary bearing (10), a rotor axial magnetized permanent magnetic ring (11), a magnetic isolation ring (12), and a stator axial magnetized permanent magnetic ring (13) are arranged inside the annular space of the magnetic suspension bearing; a thrust inner shaft ring turntable (2) is also arranged inside the annular space of the magnetic suspension bearing; the rotor axial magnetized permanent magnetic ring (11) and another magnetic isolation ring (12) are nested and fixed on the thrust inner shaft ring turntable (2); the thrust inner shaft ring turntable (2) and the reinforcement disk are fixed by bolts and are fixed at the connection with the bearing thrust inner shaft ring (1) by a turntable fixing ring (9), thereby forming a permanent magnetic bearing thrust inner shaft ring turntable rotor system; the stator axial magnetized permanent magnetic ring (13) and another magnetic conductive ring (5) are nested and fixed on the lower end cover (6 ) to form an outer race stator system of a permanent magnetic bearing; one end of the magnetic conductive ring (5) is fixedly mounted on the lower end cover (6), and the other end of the magnetic conductive ring (5) is mounted with an axial protection auxiliary bearing (10); the distance between the axial protection auxiliary bearing (10) and the thrust inner shaft ring rotating disk (2) is the axial protection gap; the axial protection auxiliary bearing (10) is a thrust ring made of steel, and its upper end surface is coated with a layer of ceramic material and a layer of polytetrafluoroethylene. When the axial displacement of the thrust inner shaft ring rotating disk (2) exceeds the axial protection gap and contacts the polytetrafluoroethylene layer of the thrust ring ceramic material, the polytetrafluoroethylene plays a role of solid lubrication and the ceramic plays a role of wear resistance, thereby limiting the axial displacement of the thrust inner shaft ring rotating disk (2) from exceeding the axial protection gap and playing an axial protection role; The stator axial magnetized permanent magnet ring (13) at least comprises a first stator axial magnetized permanent magnet ring (A1, B1), a second stator axial magnetized permanent magnet ring (A2, B2) and a third stator axial magnetized permanent magnet ring (A3, B3) arranged at intervals; wherein the first upper magnet ring (A1) and the first lower magnet ring (B1) of the first stator axial magnetized permanent magnet ring (A1, B1) arranged at the upper and lower ends of the first magnetic isolation ring (G1) have opposite magnetic pole directions, and the second upper magnet ring (A2) and the second lower magnet ring (B2) of the second stator axial magnetized permanent magnet ring (A2, B2) arranged at the upper and lower ends of the second magnetic isolation ring (G2) have opposite magnetic pole directions. The third upper magnetic ring (A3) and the third lower magnetic ring (B3) of the third stator axial magnetized permanent magnetic ring (A3, B3) arranged at the upper and lower ends of the third magnetic isolation ring (G3) have opposite magnetic pole directions, the magnetic conductive ring (5) comprises an inner magnetic conductive ring (E1) and an outer magnetic conductive ring (E2), the stator axial magnetized permanent magnetic ring (13) and the magnetic conductive ring (5) are nested and fixed on the lower end cover (6), the first stator axial magnetized permanent magnetic ring (A1, B1) and the first magnetic isolation ring (G1) are arranged closely to the inner magnetic conductive ring (E1), and the third stator axial magnetized permanent magnetic ring (A3, B3) and the third magnetic isolation ring (G3) are arranged closely to the outer magnetic conductive ring (E2); Furthermore, the rotor axial magnetized permanent magnet ring (11) comprises at least a first rotor axial magnetized permanent magnet ring (C1, D1) and a second rotor axial magnetized permanent magnet ring (C2, D2) which are arranged at intervals, wherein the first upper magnet ring (C1) and the first lower magnet ring (D1) of the first rotor axial magnetized permanent magnet ring (C1, D1) arranged at the upper and lower ends of the first magnetic isolation ring (G4) have opposite magnetic pole directions, and the second upper magnet ring (C2) and the second lower magnet ring (D2) of the second rotor axial magnetized permanent magnet ring (C2, D2) arranged at the upper and lower ends of the second magnetic isolation ring (G5) have opposite magnetic pole directions, and the rotor axial magnetized permanent magnet ring (11) and the corresponding magnetic conductive ring (5) are nested and fixed on the thrust inner shaft ring turntable (2); The projections of the first stator axial magnetized permanent magnet ring (A1, B1), the first rotor axial magnetized permanent magnet ring (C1, D1), the second stator axial magnetized permanent magnet ring (A2, B2), the second rotor axial magnetized permanent magnet ring (C2, D2), and the third stator axial magnetized permanent magnet ring (A3, B3) on the plane in the axial direction of the bearing form a sequentially spaced arrangement relationship; When the lowest edges of the first lower magnetic ring (D1) and the second lower magnetic ring (D2) of the rotor axial magnetization permanent magnetic ring (11) descend and enter the position area of ​​the first upper magnetic ring (A1), the second upper magnetic ring (A2) and the third upper magnetic ring (A3) of the stator axial magnetization permanent magnetic ring (13), the first lower magnetic ring (B1), the second lower magnetic ring (B2) and the third lower magnetic ring (B3) of the stator axial magnetization permanent magnetic ring (13) generate an upward repulsive force (F) on the first lower magnetic ring (D1) and the second lower magnetic ring (D2) of the rotor axial magnetization permanent magnetic ring (11). B1D1 、F B2D1 、F B2D2 、F B3D2 The first upper magnetic ring (A1), the second upper magnetic ring (A2), and the third upper magnetic ring (A3) of the stator axially magnetized permanent magnetic ring (13) generate an upward suction force (F) on the first lower magnetic ring (D1) and the second lower magnetic ring (D2) of the rotor axially magnetized permanent magnetic ring (11). A1D1 、F A2D1 、F A2D2 、F A3D2 The first upper magnetic ring (A1), the second upper magnetic ring (A2), and the third upper magnetic ring (A3) of the stator axially magnetized permanent magnetic ring (13) generate an upward repulsive force (F) on the first upper magnetic ring (C1) and the second upper magnetic ring (C2) of the rotor axially magnetized permanent magnetic ring (11). A1C1 、F A2C1 、F A2C2 、F A3C2 The axial bearing capacity is the resultant force of the suction force and the repulsion force, which is in an upward direction and is equal to the gravity of the permanent magnetic bearing inner shaft ring and turntable rotor system formed by the first lower magnetic ring (D1), the second lower magnetic ring (D2), the first isolation magnetic ring (G4) and the second isolation magnetic ring (G5), the thrust inner shaft ring turntable (2), the thrust inner shaft ring (1) and the turntable fixing ring (9) of the rotor axial magnetization permanent magnetic ring (11), and the gravity of the main engine shaft neck spindle connected to the thrust inner shaft ring (1) and the external load thereon.

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