A hard rock tunnel boring machine based on particle damping and vibration reduction and its damping and vibration reduction design method

Abstract

The present invention provides a hard rock tunnel boring machine based on particle damping vibration reduction and its damping vibration reduction design method, the hard rock tunnel boring machine includes a main beam and a transmission module arranged at the front end of the main beam, the main beam is connected to a cutterhead through the transmission module, a shield is arranged on the periphery of the transmission module, and a support module is arranged at the bottom of the main beam; the transmission module includes a motor and a head frame carrying the motor, the motor is connected to the cutterhead for driving the cutterhead to rotate, the main beam and the cutterhead are connected through the head frame; the cutterhead, head frame, shield, main beam and support module are filled with metal particles in the cavity. The present invention re-arranges and reasonably utilizes the internal space of the key components of the hard rock tunnel boring machine, performs particle damping design and filling, can greatly reduce the vibration of the cutterhead and the whole machine during the operation of the hard rock tunneling equipment, and improves the construction efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of vibration reduction and noise reduction of full-section tunnel boring machines, and relates to a hard rock tunnel boring machine based on particle damping vibration reduction and a damping vibration reduction design method thereof. Background Art

[0002] As a modern tunnel-specific equipment integrating multiple technologies, the shield machine has a huge development space. It has the advantages of fast, high quality, safety, economy and environmental friendliness, and is of great significance to improving the level of my country's modernization construction. The shield machine, especially the full-section tunnel boring machine represented by the TBM hard rock tunnel boring machine, is a large-scale tunnel boring equipment for hard rock geology and composite strata that integrates the functions of tunneling, ballast removal, lining, etc. It has many advantages and is widely used in the basic construction needs of high-speed railways, highways, subways, water conservancy and national defense. Its complex technology and high added value reflect the level of a country's equipment manufacturing industry.

[0003] During the excavation process, the cutterhead of a TBM hard rock tunnel boring machine exhibits severe vibrations due to the effects of alternating forces and other random factors, which poses a potential threat of damage to the cutterhead structure and key components of the entire machine. Therefore, on the one hand, the vibration caused by the alternating force at the cutterhead must be restrained, and on the other hand, the vibration must be controlled on the transmission path of the equipment structure to ensure that the vibration of the cutterhead and the entire machine is within the allowable range. The main control measures for vibration include enhancing the static stiffness, dynamic stiffness and damping effect of the structure. At present, academia and industry have also proposed a variety of vibration reduction measures, involving active and passive vibration reduction schemes.

[0004] In the prior art, patent CN214303843U discloses an active vibration reduction system for open TBM construction, and its scheme is: the system includes a plurality of vibrometer assemblies, a plurality of seismic source assemblies and a system host; the vibrometer is fixed on the TBM cutter head support body by a first fixing device; the vibrometer includes a detector, a data acquisition module, a data storage module, an analog-to-digital conversion module, a microprocessor, a wireless data transmission device and a battery, which are used for picking up, collecting, storing and digitally outputting the cutter head vibration signal during the TBM excavation process; the seismic source is fixed on the TBM main beam by a second fixing device, the seismic source is electrically connected to the TBM equipment through a power cable, and the seismic source is used to excite vibration waves that reduce the vibration of the TBM; the system host is connected to the vibrometer and the seismic source respectively; it is used for processing and analyzing the signals obtained by the vibrometer, and providing the use method and parameter setting of the seismic source.

[0005] In addition, patent CN109522626A discloses a design method for TBM cutterhead vibration reduction. In view of the problem that the TBM cutterhead vibrates violently due to the strong interaction between the cutter and the rock during the rock breaking process, from the perspective of replacing the material of the parts, the vibration is reduced close to the cutter. The material of the wedge block connecting the cutter is replaced with a damping alloy, and the vibration is reduced through the internal friction of the damping alloy. In addition, through the simulation analysis of cutterheads with different structures under different working conditions, the area on the cutterhead with severe vibration is found, and the material of the wedge block connecting the cutter in this area is replaced with a damping alloy to reduce the cost of vibration reduction, thereby achieving the purpose of replacing some of the wedge block materials of the cutter connection with a damping alloy to reduce vibration.

[0006] The two TBM vibration reduction schemes disclosed above are attempted from the perspectives of active vibration reduction and passive vibration reduction. The active vibration reduction system is equipped with various detection instruments and processors, and has the characteristics of real-time and fast information feedback and processing. However, the TBM hard rock tunnel boring machine and the dual-mode shield machine are in a relatively harsh working environment for a long time, and the vibration of the cutterhead and the whole machine is extremely severe. The cutterhead of the TBM hard rock tunnel boring machine is also facing the impact of slag and gravel and water seepage from the tunnel wall, which puts the detection instruments installed inside the cutterhead in a high-risk state. The living environment is extremely poor, which can easily cause damage to the instrument and make the system fail. The replacement cost is extremely high and the practicality is poor. The passive vibration reduction adopts the damping alloy solution. Although it can reduce vibration to a certain extent, the use conditions of the damping alloy are relatively harsh. The shield machine is in a high amplitude state for a long time when working, and the heat generated by the roller breaking the rock makes the cutterhead as a whole in a high temperature environment. The performance of the damping alloy is very easy to degrade, resulting in the failure of the vibration reduction system.

[0007] It is not difficult to find out from the analysis of the structure of the TBM hard rock tunnel boring machine that the structure and quality of the cutterhead and other core components of the whole machine are already in a relatively balanced and stable state. The means of simply enhancing the static and dynamic stiffness of the mechanical structure are extremely limited; even if there is a way to enhance the static and dynamic stiffness, and the vibration energy generated by the cutterhead during the construction process is not weakened at all, it may cause more serious resonance between the cutterhead and the whole machine structure. Only by adding damping reasonably and dissipating the vibration energy generated by the cutterhead during the construction process on the equipment transmission path can the vibration be reduced to a reasonable range. Since the overall structure of the TBM hard rock tunnel boring machine requires a certain stiffness to ensure the construction thrust, traditional dampers such as springs and flexible structures not only cannot dissipate the vibration energy generated by the cutterhead during the rock breaking process on the equipment transmission path, but also reduce the propulsion force of the cutterhead and the rock breaking effect.

[0008] In summary, particle damping vibration and noise reduction technology can fully meet the vibration reduction needs of TBM hard rock tunnel boring machines. From the analysis results of the vibration measurement of the TBM hard rock tunnel boring machine construction site in the early stage, it can be seen that the vibration characteristics of the cutter head and the whole machine are completely within the effect range of particle damping. Particle damping technology realizes vibration energy dissipation through the collision of particles inside the damper. It has many advantages such as a wide frequency range (0-6000Hz), good durability, high reliability, and insensitivity to temperature changes. Particle damping is particularly effective in reducing vibrations at medium and low frequencies, large amplitudes, and large impacts, which is consistent with the vibration characteristics of TBM hard rock tunnel boring machines.

[0009] At present, there is no TBM hard rock tunnel boring machine that uses particle damping technology. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the key components of the TBM hard rock tunnel boring machine based on the technical principles, and optimize and improve the key components with particle damping technology to achieve the purpose of vibration reduction. Summary of the invention

[0010] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a hard rock tunneling machine based on particle damping and vibration reduction and a damping and vibration reduction design method thereof, which can significantly reduce the vibration of the cutterhead and the entire machine during operation of the hard rock tunneling equipment and improve construction efficiency.

[0011] To achieve this object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0012] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a hard rock tunnel boring machine based on particle damping vibration reduction, the hard rock tunnel boring machine comprises a main beam and a transmission module arranged at the front end of the main beam, the main beam is connected to a cutter head through the transmission module, a shield is arranged on the periphery of the transmission module, and a support module is arranged at the bottom of the main beam.

[0013] The transmission module includes a motor and a head frame carrying the motor. The motor is transmission-connected to the cutter disc to drive the cutter disc to rotate. The main beam and the cutter disc are connected via the head frame.

[0014] The cavities of the cutter disc, head frame, shield, main beam and support module are filled with metal particles.

[0015] During the excavation operation of a hard rock tunnel boring machine, the rock-breaking process of the cutter disc is the source of vibration, and the main structures such as the cutter disc, head frame, shield, main beam, and support module are the main paths for vibration transmission. Simply increasing the weight of these structures or using traditional vibration reduction devices is also a way to suppress vibration, but it cannot effectively reduce the huge energy generated by vibration. The method of increasing the weight is likely to cause the resonance of the machine body, which is more harmful, and it will also increase the processing and manufacturing cost of the whole machine. Therefore, the present invention rearranges and reasonably utilizes the internal space of these structures, and performs particle damping design and filling, which can greatly reduce the vibration of the cutter disc and the whole machine during the operation of hard rock tunneling equipment, improve construction efficiency, extend the life of equipment parts and the whole machine, and can also reduce the manufacturing, repair and maintenance costs of the equipment.

[0016] It should be noted that the particles filled in the present invention can be metal and non-metal particles of any shape, but from the perspective of cost, production cycle and use effect, spherical iron particles are the most ideal choice.

[0017] If the overall size of the target TBM hard rock tunneling equipment model that needs technical improvement is not large, and the enclosed space that can be filled with damping particles inside the key structure of the main engine system is small, the particle damping can be made into an independent device through calculation and design and fixedly installed on the vibration transmission path structure of the TBM hard rock tunneling machine main engine system without affecting the normal operation of the main engine.

[0018] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the cutter disc includes a cutter box plate with a cavity, and a plurality of roller cutters are arranged in the cutter box plate.

[0019] Preferably, the knife box plate comprises a knife box front plate and a knife box rear plate arranged in parallel, and a guide peripheral plate is arranged along the outer edges of the knife box front plate and the knife box rear plate. The knife box front plate, the knife box rear plate and the guide peripheral plate enclose a knife box plate cavity.

[0020] Preferably, a plurality of radial structural plates and a plurality of partitions are arranged in the knife box plate cavity, and the radial structural plates and partitions divide the knife box plate cavity into a plurality of knife box plate filling cavities, and the knife box plate filling cavities are filled with knife box plate particles of metal material with different particle sizes.

[0021] In the present invention, the hollow closed structure of the tool box plate forms a filling space for particle damping. In order to reasonably arrange the particle filling layout and maximize the vibration reduction effect, partitions are installed inside the above structure. The tool box plate filled with damping particles can effectively reduce the vibration caused by moving parts.

[0022] Preferably, the filling rate of the tool box board particles is 95-99%, for example, it can be 95%, 95.5%, 96%, 96.5%, 97%, 97.5%, 98%, 98.5% or 99%, but it is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values ​​within the numerical range are also applicable.

[0023] Preferably, the surface friction factor of the tool box plate particles is 0.5-0.99, for example, it can be 0.5, 0.55, 0.6, 0.65, 0.7, 0.75, 0.8, 0.85, 0.9, 0.95 or 0.99, but is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values ​​within the numerical range are also applicable.

[0024] Preferably, the surface recovery coefficient of the tool box plate particles is 0.5-1, for example, it can be 0.5, 0.55, 0.6, 0.65, 0.7, 0.75, 0.8, 0.85, 0.9, 0.95 or 1, but is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values ​​within the numerical range are also applicable.

[0025] Preferably, the tool box board particles are divided into large tool box board particles and small tool box board particles according to their particle size.

[0026] Preferably, the weight ratio of the large particles of the tool box board to the small particles of the tool box board is 1 / 6 to 1 / 4, for example, it can be 0.18, 0.19, 0.2, 0.21, 0.22, 0.23, 0.24 or 0.25, but is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values ​​within this numerical range are also applicable.

[0027] Preferably, the particle size of the large particles of the tool box plate is 3.5-5 mm, for example, it can be 3.5 mm, 3.6 mm, 3.7 mm, 3.8 mm, 3.9 mm, 4.0 mm, 4.1 mm, 4.2 mm, 4.3 mm, 4.4 mm, 4.5 mm, 4.6 mm, 4.7 mm, 4.8 mm, 4.9 mm or 5.0 mm, but it is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values ​​within the numerical range are also applicable.

[0028] Preferably, the particle size of the small particles of the tool box board is 2 to 3 mm, for example, it can be 2.0 mm, 2.1 mm, 2.2 mm, 2.3 mm, 2.4 mm, 2.5 mm, 2.6 mm, 2.7 mm, 2.8 mm, 2.9 mm or 3.0 mm, but it is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values ​​within the numerical range are also applicable.

[0029] Preferably, the tool box board particles include iron particles.

[0030] In the present invention, the cutterhead is mainly composed of a cutter box plate, a conical plate, a radial rib plate, a support flange and a disc-type hob. The cutterhead system is an important component that directly contacts the face and completes rock breaking and excavation, and is also the source of vibration during the operation of the hard rock tunnel boring machine. Optionally, the internal hollow structure of the conical plate, the radial rib plate and the hob cutter shaft is filled with damping particles, the conical plate is filled with iron particles, and the damping particles are filled in the form of a layer of small particles and a layer of large particles, and the weight ratio of the large particles to the small particles is between 1 / 5 and 1 / 3, and the filling rate is 97-99%; the radial rib plate is filled with iron particles, and all of them are small particles, and the filling rate is 99%; the hob cutter shaft is filled with iron particles, and all of them are small particles, and the filling rate is 99%.

[0031] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the head frame includes a coaxially arranged head outer frame and a head inner frame, the head outer frame is located inside the head inner frame, an annular rib is arranged between the head inner frame and the head outer frame, the inner circumference of the annular rib is connected to the inner circumference of the head outer frame, and the outer circumference of the annular rib is connected to the outer circumference of the head inner frame.

[0032] The cavities of the die outer frame, the die inner frame and the annular ribs are filled with die frame particles made of metal with different particle sizes.

[0033] Preferably, the filling rate of the headstock particles is 95-99%, for example, it can be 95%, 95.5%, 96%, 96.5%, 97%, 97.5%, 98%, 98.5% or 99%, but is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values ​​within the numerical range are also applicable.

[0034] Preferably, the surface friction factor of the headstock particles is 0.5 to 0.99, for example, it can be 0.5, 0.55, 0.6, 0.65, 0.7, 0.75, 0.8, 0.85, 0.9, 0.95 or 0.99, but is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values ​​within the numerical range are also applicable.

[0035] Preferably, the surface recovery coefficient of the headstock particles is 0.5-1, for example, it can be 0.5, 0.55, 0.6, 0.65, 0.7, 0.75, 0.8, 0.85, 0.9, 0.95 or 1, but is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values ​​within the numerical range are also applicable.

[0036] Preferably, the head rack particles are divided into head rack large particles and head rack small particles according to the particle size.

[0037] Preferably, the weight ratio of the large particles of the head frame to the small particles of the head frame is 1 / 6 to 1 / 3, for example, it can be 0.17, 0.18, 0.19, 0.2, 0.21, 0.22, 0.23, 0.24, 0.25, 0.26, 0.27, 0.28, 0.29, 0.3, 0.31, 0.32 or 0.33, but is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values ​​within the numerical range are also applicable.

[0038] Preferably, the particle size of the large particles of the headstock is 3.5-5 mm, for example, it can be 3.5 mm, 3.6 mm, 3.7 mm, 3.8 mm, 3.9 mm, 4.0 mm, 4.1 mm, 4.2 mm, 4.3 mm, 4.4 mm, 4.5 mm, 4.6 mm, 4.7 mm, 4.8 mm, 4.9 mm or 5.0 mm, but it is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values ​​within the numerical range are also applicable.

[0039] Preferably, the particle size of the small particles in the headstock is 2 to 3 mm, for example, it can be 2.0 mm, 2.1 mm, 2.2 mm, 2.3 mm, 2.4 mm, 2.5 mm, 2.6 mm, 2.7 mm, 2.8 mm, 2.9 mm or 3.0 mm, but it is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values ​​within the numerical range are also applicable.

[0040] Preferably, the headstock particles include iron particles.

[0041] In the present invention, the head frame is an important connecting hub and the main path for vibration transmission. However, due to the compact structure of this part, it is not suitable to design the particle damping device as an external structure. Therefore, it is necessary to reasonably set the hollow closed structure inside the head frame and fill it with damping particles to reduce the impact of vibration on the head frame and the motors it carries, while weakening the propagation of vibration energy on the head frame.

[0042] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the output shaft of the motor is connected to a reducer, and a particle damping collar with a cavity is arranged on the periphery of the motor and the reducer.

[0043] Preferably, the particle damping ring comprises an inner cylinder and an outer cylinder nested in sequence from the inside to the outside, an annular cavity is formed between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder, annular end covers are respectively provided at the openings at both ends of the annular cavity, and the annular cavity is filled with metal ring particles.

[0044] Preferably, the filling rate of the collar particles is 99%.

[0045] Preferably, the surface friction factor of the collar particles is 0.5 to 0.99, for example, 0.5, 0.55, 0.6, 0.65, 0.7, 0.75, 0.8, 0.85, 0.9, 0.95 or 0.99, but is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values ​​within the numerical range are also applicable.

[0046] Preferably, the surface recovery coefficient of the loop particles is 0.5-1, for example, 0.5, 0.55, 0.6, 0.65, 0.7, 0.75, 0.8, 0.85, 0.9, 0.95 or 1, but is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values ​​within the numerical range are also applicable.

[0047] Preferably, the particle size of the ring particles is 2 to 3 mm, for example, it can be 2.0 mm, 2.1 mm, 2.2 mm, 2.3 mm, 2.4 mm, 2.5 mm, 2.6 mm, 2.7 mm, 2.8 mm, 2.9 mm or 3.0 mm, but it is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values ​​within the numerical range are also applicable.

[0048] Preferably, the collar particles comprise iron particles.

[0049] In the present invention, the vibration generated by the cutter head breaking rocks can easily damage the motor and reducer in the transmission module, and easily cause power failure. Therefore, a special particle damping vibration reduction ring is designed to protect the motor and reducer, reducing the damage of vibration to key components.

[0050] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the shield includes a top shield and a bottom shield, and the top shield and the bottom shield are respectively located at the top and the bottom of the transmission module.

[0051] Preferably, the top shield includes an inner ring plate and an outer ring plate spaced apart from bottom to top, the inner ring plate and the outer ring plate are arc-shaped columns, and an arc-shaped cavity is formed between the inner ring plate and the outer ring plate; a plurality of radial partitions are arranged in the arc-shaped cavity, and the radial partitions divide the arc-shaped cavity into a plurality of top shield filling cavities, and the top shield filling cavities are filled with shield particles made of metal material.

[0052] Preferably, the filling rate of the shield particles is 95-99%, for example, it can be 95%, 95.5%, 96%, 96.5%, 97%, 97.5%, 98%, 98.5% or 99%, but is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values ​​within the numerical range are also applicable.

[0053] Preferably, the surface friction factor of the shield particles is 0.5 to 0.99, for example, it can be 0.5, 0.55, 0.6, 0.65, 0.7, 0.75, 0.8, 0.85, 0.9, 0.95 or 0.99, but is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values ​​within the numerical range are also applicable.

[0054] Preferably, the surface recovery coefficient of the shield particles is 0.5-1, for example, it can be 0.5, 0.55, 0.6, 0.65, 0.7, 0.75, 0.8, 0.85, 0.9, 0.95 or 1, but is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values ​​within the numerical range are also applicable.

[0055] Preferably, the particle size of the shield particles is 2 to 3 mm, for example, it can be 2.0 mm, 2.1 mm, 2.2 mm, 2.3 mm, 2.4 mm, 2.5 mm, 2.6 mm, 2.7 mm, 2.8 mm, 2.9 mm or 3.0 mm, but it is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values ​​within the numerical range are also applicable.

[0056] Preferably, the shield particles comprise iron particles.

[0057] Preferably, the bottom shield and the top shield have the same structure, the filling cavity of the bottom shield is filled with shield particles, and the bottom shield and the top shield are symmetrically arranged up and down.

[0058] In the present invention, the vibration-damping shield of the hard rock tunnel boring machine is mainly aimed at the upper and lower shields, and the redundant space inside the shield structure or the redesigned hollow structure is filled with damping particles. The shield also includes two side shields, which are located at the periphery of the transmission module and are used to protect the head frame and the motor and reducer and other devices carried by it from the harm of falling rocks and pipe surges.

[0059] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the main beam includes a shell and a transverse partition arranged in a horizontal direction on the top of the shell inner cavity, and a transverse partition filling cavity is formed between the transverse partition and the top of the shell inner cavity.

[0060] Preferably, a longitudinal partition is vertically arranged on the bottom surface of the shell inner cavity, and the top edge of the longitudinal partition extends obliquely toward the inner wall of the shell to form a support plate, and the longitudinal partition, support plate, inner wall of the shell and the bottom surface of the shell inner cavity form a longitudinal partition filling cavity.

[0061] Preferably, the transverse partition filling cavity and the longitudinal partition filling cavity are filled with main beam particles of metal material with different particle sizes.

[0062] Preferably, the filling rate of the main beam particles is 95-99%, for example, it can be 95%, 95.5%, 96%, 96.5%, 97%, 97.5%, 98%, 98.5% or 99%, but is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values ​​within the numerical range are also applicable.

[0063] Preferably, the surface friction factor of the main beam particles is 0.5 to 0.99, for example, it can be 0.5, 0.55, 0.6, 0.65, 0.7, 0.75, 0.8, 0.85, 0.9, 0.95 or 0.99, but is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values ​​within the numerical range are also applicable.

[0064] Preferably, the surface recovery coefficient of the main beam particles is 0.5-1, for example, it can be 0.5, 0.55, 0.6, 0.65, 0.7, 0.75, 0.8, 0.85, 0.9, 0.95 or 1, but is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values ​​within the numerical range are also applicable.

[0065] Preferably, the main beam particles are divided into main beam large particles and main beam small particles according to the particle size.

[0066] Preferably, the weight ratio of the large particles in the main beam to the small particles in the main beam is 1 / 7 to 1 / 5, for example, it can be 0.145, 0.15, 0.155, 0.16, 0.165, 0.17, 0.175, 0.18, 0.185, 0.19, 0.195 or 0.2, but is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values ​​within the numerical range are also applicable.

[0067] Preferably, the particle size of the large particles in the main beam is 3.5-5 mm, for example, it can be 3.5 mm, 3.6 mm, 3.7 mm, 3.8 mm, 3.9 mm, 4.0 mm, 4.1 mm, 4.2 mm, 4.3 mm, 4.4 mm, 4.5 mm, 4.6 mm, 4.7 mm, 4.8 mm, 4.9 mm or 5.0 mm, but it is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values ​​within the numerical range are also applicable.

[0068] Preferably, the particle size of the small particles in the main beam is 2 to 3 mm, for example, it can be 2.0 mm, 2.1 mm, 2.2 mm, 2.3 mm, 2.4 mm, 2.5 mm, 2.6 mm, 2.7 mm, 2.8 mm, 2.9 mm or 3.0 mm, but it is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values ​​within the numerical range are also applicable.

[0069] Preferably, the main beam particles include iron particles.

[0070] In the present invention, the main beam is composed of three sections, front, middle and rear, connected by bolts. The front section is close to the cutter disc, and the rear section is far away from the cutter disc. Vibration propagates backward through the main beam, which is the main path for vibration energy propagation. Vibration can easily reduce the stability of the main beam and cause metal fatigue. In severe cases, it can cause bolt failure and main structure fracture, resulting in equipment scrapping. The hollow areas inside the front, middle and rear sections of the main beam and the abundant space outside are fully utilized to reasonably set the particle damping device, reduce the impact of vibration on this part of the structure, and further weaken the propagation of vibration energy on the main beam.

[0071] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the support module includes at least one support shoe and a support frame, the support shoe is located at the bottom of the middle section of the main beam and is used to fix the main beam, and the support frame is located at the bottom of the end of the main beam away from the cutter disc.

[0072] Preferably, the support shoe comprises a shell and a plurality of crisscross partition plates arranged in the inner cavity of the shell, wherein the partition plates divide the shell cavity into a plurality of support shoe filling cavities, and the support shoe filling cavities are filled with support shoe particles of metal material with different particle sizes.

[0073] Preferably, the filling rate of the support shoe particles is 95-99%, for example, it can be 95%, 95.5%, 96%, 96.5%, 97%, 97.5%, 98%, 98.5% or 99%, but is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values ​​within the numerical range are also applicable.

[0074] Preferably, the surface friction factor of the support shoe particles is 0.5-0.99, for example, 0.5, 0.55, 0.6, 0.65, 0.7, 0.75, 0.8, 0.85, 0.9, 0.95 or 0.99, but is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values ​​within the numerical range are also applicable.

[0075] Preferably, the surface recovery coefficient of the support shoe particles is 0.5-1, for example, it can be 0.5, 0.55, 0.6, 0.65, 0.7, 0.75, 0.8, 0.85, 0.9, 0.95 or 1, but is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values ​​within the numerical range are also applicable.

[0076] Preferably, the gripper particles are divided into large gripper particles and small gripper particles according to their particle size.

[0077] Preferably, the weight ratio of the large support shoe particles to the small support shoe particles is 1 / 8 to 1 / 6, for example, it can be 0.125, 0.13, 0.135, 0.14, 0.145, 0.15, 0.155 or 0.16, but is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values ​​within the numerical range are also applicable.

[0078] Preferably, the particle size of the large particles of the support shoe is 3.5-5 mm, for example, it can be 3.5 mm, 3.6 mm, 3.7 mm, 3.8 mm, 3.9 mm, 4.0 mm, 4.1 mm, 4.2 mm, 4.3 mm, 4.4 mm, 4.5 mm, 4.6 mm, 4.7 mm, 4.8 mm, 4.9 mm or 5.0 mm, but it is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values ​​within the numerical range are also applicable.

[0079] Preferably, the particle size of the small particles of the support shoe is 2 to 3 mm, for example, it can be 2.0 mm, 2.1 mm, 2.2 mm, 2.3 mm, 2.4 mm, 2.5 mm, 2.6 mm, 2.7 mm, 2.8 mm, 2.9 mm or 3.0 mm, but it is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values ​​within the numerical range are also applicable.

[0080] Preferably, the gripper particles comprise iron particles.

[0081] Preferably, the support module comprises two support shoes which are symmetrically arranged on the left and right.

[0082] In the present invention, the support shoe is closely attached to the inner wall of the tunnel when the hard rock tunnel boring machine is in operation, ensuring that the whole machine does not slip when the cutter head is excavating forward, and plays an important role in stabilizing the posture of the whole machine.

[0083] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the support frame includes a support leg, the support leg includes a support foot and two longitudinal plates vertically arranged on the support foot, the longitudinal plates include a first longitudinal plate and a second longitudinal plate, a support frame cavity is formed between the first longitudinal plate and the second longitudinal plate, an end cover is provided at the top open end of the support frame cavity, and the support frame cavity is filled with support frame particles of metal material with different particle sizes.

[0084] Preferably, the filling rate of the support frame particles is 95-99%, for example, it can be 95%, 95.5%, 96%, 96.5%, 97%, 97.5%, 98%, 98.5% or 99%, but it is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values ​​within the numerical range are also applicable.

[0085] Preferably, the surface friction factor of the support frame particles is 0.5 to 0.99, for example, it can be 0.5, 0.55, 0.6, 0.65, 0.7, 0.75, 0.8, 0.85, 0.9, 0.95 or 0.99, but is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values ​​within the numerical range are also applicable.

[0086] Preferably, the surface recovery coefficient of the support frame particles is 0.5-1, for example, it can be 0.5, 0.55, 0.6, 0.65, 0.7, 0.75, 0.8, 0.85, 0.9, 0.95 or 1, but it is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values ​​within the numerical range are also applicable.

[0087] Preferably, the support frame particles are divided into large support frame particles and small support frame particles according to their particle size.

[0088] Preferably, the weight ratio of the large particles of the support frame to the small particles of the support frame is 1 / 8 to 1 / 6, for example, it can be 0.125, 0.13, 0.135, 0.14, 0.145, 0.15, 0.155 or 0.16, but is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values ​​within the numerical range are also applicable.

[0089] Preferably, the particle size of the large particles of the support frame is 3.5-5 mm, for example, it can be 3.5 mm, 3.6 mm, 3.7 mm, 3.8 mm, 3.9 mm, 4.0 mm, 4.1 mm, 4.2 mm, 4.3 mm, 4.4 mm, 4.5 mm, 4.6 mm, 4.7 mm, 4.8 mm, 4.9 mm or 5.0 mm, but it is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values ​​within the numerical range are also applicable.

[0090] Preferably, the particle size of the small particles of the support frame is 2 to 3 mm, for example, it can be 2.0 mm, 2.1 mm, 2.2 mm, 2.3 mm, 2.4 mm, 2.5 mm, 2.6 mm, 2.7 mm, 2.8 mm, 2.9 mm or 3.0 mm, but it is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values ​​within the numerical range are also applicable.

[0091] Preferably, the support particles include iron particles.

[0092] In the present invention, the support frame plays an important role in stabilizing the posture of the whole machine. Excessive vibration can easily cause damage to the structure and auxiliary facilities there. Most of the support frame structures are structural parts, with a lot of internal hollows and external surplus space. These structures are reasonably arranged and filled with damping particles to reduce vibration and its harm on the path of vibration propagation. The support frame also includes a support hydraulic cylinder located above the support leg, which is used to support the excavation equipment and prevent the support leg from deforming.

[0093] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, ventilation bolts are arranged on the structural plates of the cutter disc, head frame, particle damping collar, top shield, bottom shield, main beam, support boots and support legs, and the ventilation bolts connect the external environment and the internal cavity.

[0094] Preferably, the vent bolt is an axial through structure, and the interior of the vent bolt is filled with an outer hydrophobic vent material and an inner hydrophobic vent material in sequence from the outside to the inside.

[0095] Preferably, a fastening pad is provided between the head of the vent bolt and the outer wall of the structural plate body.

[0096] In the present invention, the vent bolts are arranged and installed on the structure filled with damping particles, and vent holes are reserved without affecting the function of the structure. After the damping particles are filled, the vent bolts are installed to facilitate the discharge of internal air and prevent water and debris from entering the cavity structure.

[0097] Preferably, the hard rock tunnel boring machine also includes at least one thrust hydraulic cylinder, one end of which is connected to the outer wall of the main beam close to the cutter disc, and the other end of which is connected to the support shoe, and the thrust hydraulic cylinder is used to drive the cutter disc to advance forward.

[0098] Preferably, a propulsion hydraulic cylinder is respectively provided on both sides of the main beam, and the propulsion hydraulic cylinders are symmetrically arranged on the left and right.

[0099] In the present invention, the propulsion hydraulic cylinders on both sides of the main beam provide thrust for the cutter head to break rocks, and work in coordination with the support shoes. The excavation equipment does not move, thereby ensuring the thrust of the cutter head during rock breaking.

[0100] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a damping and vibration reduction design method for a hard rock tunnel boring machine according to the first aspect, the damping and vibration reduction design method comprising:

[0101] A vibration test was conducted on a hard rock tunnel boring machine that was not filled with metal particles. The theoretical particle filling rate was calculated based on the collected vibration frequency and amplitude data. Particles were filled into the hard rock tunnel boring machine model according to the theoretical damping particle filling amount and a damping experiment was conducted. If the ideal vibration reduction effect was achieved, metal particles were filled according to the current theoretical particle filling rate. Otherwise, the damping particle filling rate was recalculated.

[0102] Exemplarily, the damping vibration reduction design method provided by the present invention specifically includes the following steps:

[0103] Step 1: Comprehensively test the vibration of key parts of the TBM hard rock tunnel boring machine when it is working without any vibration reduction technology at the construction site, and understand the actual vibration conditions of TBM hard rock tunnel boring machines of different excavation strata and different structural models;

[0104] Step 2: Analyze and organize the data to determine the vibration intensity of each key structure of the target equipment body and the vibration propagation path along the structure;

[0105] Step 3: Detailed calculation is performed based on the vibration frequency and amplitude of different structural parts of the equipment body, thereby determining the material and filling amount of damping particles filled in different structural parts, and designing particle damper styles for different parts;

[0106] Step 4: For different excavation strata and different models of TBM hard rock tunneling machines, redesign the parts with limited space based on the analysis of their structures;

[0107] Step 5: Design a scaled model for different structural parts of the equipment and conduct a particle damping vibration test;

[0108] Determine whether the solution is feasible? If yes, proceed to step 6; if no, return to step 2;

[0109] Step 6: Based on the above work, redesign the particle damping vibration reduction structure of different parts of the particle damping TBM hard rock tunnel boring machine equipment body. If necessary, make reasonable space division inside the structure to prepare for the installation of partitions.

[0110] Step 7, prepare and cut the partition. The partition is a thin plate, and the material is consistent with the material of the structural part, and its size meets the design requirements;

[0111] Step 8: Pack the two types of iron damping particles into small bags of the same weight and label them. Specifically, pack the particle damping particles to be filled into small bags of the same weight according to their sizes, and the weight should be such that a person can carry it;

[0112] Step 9, filling damping particles according to the design requirements of different structural parts;

[0113] The specific operation process of step 8 and step 9 is as follows: if the internal space of the structure needs to be filled with damping particles, in the process of cutting each structural part, damping particle filling holes are reserved in advance at the corresponding positions of each structure. In principle, one independent spatial structure corresponds to one particle filling hole. When assembling and welding these structures, the partitions in each structural space are installed in place according to the design requirements, and the partitions are welded using intermittent welding process;

[0114] It should be noted that the fixing method of the partitions in each key structure of the hard rock tunnel boring machine also includes bolt connection or riveting. The present invention does not make specific requirements and special limitations on the fixing method of the partitions. The fixing methods disclosed in the prior art or undisclosed in the new technology can be used in the present invention. The new technical solutions obtained by conventional replacement also fall within the protection scope and disclosure scope of the present invention.

[0115] Due to the large size of the equipment, when filling particles, it is necessary to use a crane to pull up the target sub-assembly structure and keep it in the final product assembly posture for operation. According to the particle filling requirements, each space in the area is manually filled with particles. When the damping particles in each space in the area are close to the filling hole, the sub-assembly structure can be tilted appropriately to complete the filling of all damping particles. Then the filling hole is closed and welded, and finally the vent bolts are installed. When filling particles in each space, the particles are manually poured into the space one bag at a time. After the small-diameter particles are poured into a layer and evenly distributed, the large-diameter particles are poured in. In this way, the large and small diameter particles are filled in layers;

[0116] If it is necessary to use the extra space outside to install the particle damping device, the particle damper for the target structure shall be processed and manufactured in advance according to the design, and installed at the predetermined position of the target structure by bolts, rivets or welding;

[0117] Step 10, iron particles are filled in the cutter box plate of the cutter head of the TBM hard rock tunnel boring machine, and the damping particles are filled in a manner of a layer of small particles and a layer of large particles, the weight ratio of the large particles to the small particles is between 1 / 6 and 1 / 4, and the filling rate is 95-99%; iron particles are filled in the conical plate, and the damping particles are filled in a manner of a layer of small particles and a layer of large particles, the weight ratio of the large particles to the small particles is between 1 / 5 and 1 / 3, and the filling rate is 97-99%; iron particles are filled in the rib plate, and all of them are small particles, and the filling rate is 99%; iron particles are filled in the hob cutter shaft, and all of them are small particles, and the filling rate is 99%;

[0118] Step 11, the head frame of the TBM hard rock tunnel boring machine is filled with damping particles, the damping particles are filled in a manner of a layer of small particles and a layer of large particles, the weight ratio of the large particles to the small particles is between 1 / 6 and 1 / 3, and the filling rate is 95-99%;

[0119] Step 12, the particle damping rings on the outer periphery of the motor and reducer of the TBM hard rock tunnel boring machine are filled with damping particles, all of which are small particles, with a filling rate of 99%;

[0120] Step 13, the shield of the TBM hard rock tunnel boring machine is filled with damping particles, all of which are small particles, and the filling rate is 95-99%;

[0121] Step 14, the main beam of the TBM hard rock tunnel boring machine is filled with damping particles. The damping particles are filled in a manner of a layer of small particles and a layer of large particles. The weight ratio of the large particles to the small particles is between 1 / 7 and 1 / 5, and the filling rate is 95-99%. A particle damping vibration reduction device can be designed and installed in the spare space outside the main beam.

[0122] Step 15, the inside of the gripper shoe of the TBM hard rock tunnel boring machine is filled with damping particles, the damping particles are filled in a manner of a layer of small particles and a layer of large particles, the weight ratio of the large particles to the small particles is between 1 / 8 and 1 / 6, and the filling rate is 95-99%;

[0123] Step 16, the support frame of the TBM hard rock tunnel boring machine is filled with damping particles, the damping particles are filled in a manner of a layer of small particles and a layer of large particles, the weight ratio of the large particles to the small particles is between 1 / 8 and 1 / 6, and the filling rate is 95-99%. A particle damping vibration reduction device can be designed and installed in the spare space outside the support frame;

[0124] Step 17: After all structural parts are filled with damping particles, the main structure of the equipment is assembled to form a complete TBM hard rock tunneling main machine according to the design requirements of the TBM hard rock tunneling machine, and is assembled and debugged with the rest of the TBM hard rock tunneling machine structure;

[0125] Step 18, use an exciter and a vibration tester to perform a vibration test on the TBM hard rock tunnel boring machine after final assembly to detect the vibration reduction effect; after the TBM hard rock tunnel boring machine enters the project construction site, regularly perform actual vibration measurements on the main body of the equipment to determine the final vibration reduction effect, and gradually optimize the particle damping vibration reduction scheme to improve the damping design of the particle damping TBM hard rock tunnel boring machine.

[0126] The above-mentioned TBM hard rock tunnel boring machine vibration reduction design method based on particle damping is applicable to all types of TBM hard rock tunnel boring machine vibration reduction requirements. In specific implementation, the structures of relevant steps and key components can be adjusted according to actual design and manufacturing needs. Ordinary technicians in this technical field should realize that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention, and are not used as limitations of the present invention. As long as they are within the essential spirit of the present invention, changes and modifications to the above-mentioned embodiments will fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

[0127] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0128] During the excavation operation of a hard rock tunnel boring machine, the rock-breaking process of the cutter disc is the source of vibration, and the main structures such as the cutter disc, head frame, shield, main beam, and support module are the main paths for vibration transmission. Simply increasing the weight of these structures or using traditional vibration reduction devices is also a way to suppress vibration, but it cannot effectively reduce the huge energy generated by vibration. The method of increasing the weight is likely to cause the resonance of the machine body, which is more harmful, and it will also increase the processing and manufacturing cost of the whole machine. Therefore, the present invention rearranges and reasonably utilizes the internal space of these structures, and performs particle damping design and filling, which can greatly reduce the vibration of the cutter disc and the whole machine during the operation of hard rock tunneling equipment, improve construction efficiency, extend the life of equipment parts and the whole machine, and can also reduce the manufacturing, repair and maintenance costs of the equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0129] Figure 1 A front view of a hard rock tunnel boring machine provided in accordance with a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0130] Figure 2 A front view of a cutter head provided in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0131] Figure 3 A front view of a headstock provided in accordance with a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0132] Figure 4 A front view of a particle damping collar provided in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0133] Figure 5 A side view of a top shield provided for one embodiment of the present invention;

[0134] Figure 6 A side view of a main beam provided for one specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0135] Figure 7 A side view of a gripper shoe provided for one embodiment of the present invention;

[0136] Figure 8 A side view of a support leg provided for one embodiment of the present invention;

[0137] Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of the structure of a vent bolt provided in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0138] Among them, 1-cutter disc; 2-machine head frame; 3-motor; 4-shield; 5-main beam; 6-support shoe; 7-support frame; 8-knife box plate; 9-conical plate; 10-radial ribs; 11-support flange; 12-bearing; 13-machine head inner frame; 14-machine head outer frame; 15-annular ribs; 16-outer cylinder; 17-inner cylinder; 18-annular end cover; 19-outer ring plate; 20-inner ring plate; 21-radial partition; 22-shell; 23-transverse partition; 24-longitudinal partition; 25-shell; 26-partition plate; 27-first longitudinal plate; 28-second longitudinal plate; 29-end cover; 30-support foot; 31-structural plate; 32-internal cavity; 33-fastening pad; 34-vent bolt; 35-inner hydrophobic ventilation material; 36-outer hydrophobic ventilation material. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0139] It should be understood that, in the description of the present invention, the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined as "first", "second", etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "multiple" means two or more.

[0140] It should be noted that in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "disposed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by specific circumstances.

[0141] The technical solution of the present invention is further illustrated below through specific implementation methods.

[0142] In a specific embodiment, the present invention provides a hard rock tunnel boring machine based on particle damping, such as Figure 1As shown, the hard rock tunnel boring machine includes a main beam 5 and a transmission module arranged at the front end of the main beam 5, the main beam 5 is connected to the cutter head 1 through the transmission module, a shield 4 is arranged on the periphery of the transmission module, and a support module is arranged at the bottom of the main beam 5.

[0143] The transmission module includes a motor 3 and a head frame 2 carrying the motor 3 . The motor 3 is in transmission connection with the cutter disc 1 for driving the cutter disc 1 to rotate. The main beam 5 and the cutter disc 1 are connected via the head frame 2 .

[0144] The cavities of the cutter disc 1, the head frame 2, the shield 4, the main beam 5 and the support module are filled with metal particles.

[0145] During the excavation operation of the hard rock tunnel boring machine, the rock breaking process of the cutter disc 1 is the source of vibration, and the main structures such as the cutter disc 1, the head frame 2, the shield 4, the main beam 5, and the support module are the main paths for vibration transmission. Simply increasing the weight of these structures or using traditional vibration reduction devices is also a way to suppress vibration, but it cannot effectively reduce the huge energy generated by the vibration. The method of increasing the weight is likely to cause the resonance of the machine body, which is more harmful, and it will also increase the processing and manufacturing cost of the whole machine. Therefore, the present invention re-arranges and reasonably utilizes the internal space of these structures, and performs particle damping design and filling, which can greatly reduce the vibration of the cutter disc 1 and the whole machine during the operation of the hard rock tunnel boring equipment, improve construction efficiency, extend the life of equipment parts and the whole machine, and can also reduce the manufacturing, repair and maintenance costs of the equipment.

[0146] It should be noted that the particles filled in the present invention can be metal and non-metal particles of any shape, but from the perspective of cost, production cycle and use effect, spherical iron particles are the most ideal choice.

[0147] If the overall size of the target TBM hard rock tunneling equipment model that needs technical improvement is not large, and the enclosed space that can be filled with damping particles inside the key structure of the main engine system is small, the particle damping can be made into an independent device through calculation and design and fixedly installed on the vibration transmission path structure of the TBM hard rock tunneling machine main engine system without affecting the normal operation of the main engine.

[0148] Furthermore, the knife disc 1 comprises a knife box plate 8 having a cavity, such as Figure 2 As shown, a plurality of roller cutters are arranged in the tool box plate 8.

[0149] Preferably, the tool box plate 8 includes a tool box front plate and a tool box rear plate arranged in parallel, and a guide peripheral plate is arranged along the outer edges of the tool box front plate and the tool box rear plate. The tool box front plate, the tool box rear plate and the guide peripheral plate enclose a tool box plate cavity.

[0150] Preferably, a plurality of radial structural plates and a plurality of partitions are arranged in the cavity of the knife box plate 8, and the radial structural plates and partitions divide the cavity of the knife box plate into a plurality of knife box plate filling cavities, and the knife box plate filling cavities are filled with knife box plate particles of metal material with different particle sizes.

[0151] In the present invention, the hollow closed structure of the tool box plate 8 forms a filling space for particle damping. In order to reasonably arrange the particle filling layout and maximize the vibration reduction effect, partitions are installed inside the above structure. The tool box plate 8 filled with damping particles can effectively reduce the vibration caused by moving parts.

[0152] Preferably, the filling rate of the tool box board particles is 95-99%.

[0153] Preferably, the surface friction coefficient of the tool box plate particles is 0.5 to 0.99.

[0154] Preferably, the surface recovery coefficient of the tool box plate particles is 0.5-1.

[0155] Preferably, the tool box board particles are divided into large tool box board particles and small tool box board particles according to their particle size.

[0156] Preferably, the weight ratio of the large particles of the tool box board to the small particles of the tool box board is 1 / 6 to 1 / 4.

[0157] Preferably, the particle size of the large particles of the tool box board is 3.5 to 5 mm.

[0158] Preferably, the particle size of the small particles of the tool box board is 2 to 3 mm.

[0159] Preferably, the tool box board particles include iron particles.

[0160] In the present invention, the cutter head 1 is mainly composed of a cutter box plate 8, a conical plate 9, a radial rib plate 10, a support flange 11 and a disc-type roller cutter. The cutter head 1 is an important component that directly contacts the face and completes rock breaking and excavation, and is also the source of vibration during the operation of the hard rock tunnel boring machine. Optionally, the internal hollow structure of the conical plate 9, the radial rib plate 10 and the roller cutter shaft is filled with damping particles, the conical plate 9 is filled with iron particles, and the damping particles are filled in the form of a layer of small particles and a layer of large particles, and the weight ratio of the large particles to the small particles is between 1 / 5 and 1 / 3, and the filling rate is 97-99%; the radial rib plate 10 is filled with iron particles, and all of them are small particles, and the filling rate is 99%; the roller cutter shaft is filled with iron particles, and all of them are small particles, and the filling rate is 99%.

[0161] Furthermore, if Figure 3As shown, the head frame 2 includes a coaxially arranged head outer frame 14 and a head inner frame 13, the head outer frame 14 is located inside the head inner frame 13, an annular rib 15 is arranged between the head inner frame 13 and the head outer frame 14, the inner circumference of the annular rib 15 is connected to the inner circumference of the head outer frame 14, and the outer circumference of the annular rib 15 is connected to the outer circumference of the head inner frame 13.

[0162] The cavities of the die outer frame 14 , the die inner frame 13 and the annular rib 15 are filled with die frame particles of metal material with different particle sizes.

[0163] Preferably, the filling rate of the headstock particles is 95-99%.

[0164] Preferably, the surface friction factor of the headstock particles is 0.5 to 0.99.

[0165] Preferably, the surface recovery coefficient of the headstock particles is 0.5-1.

[0166] Preferably, the head rack particles are divided into head rack large particles and head rack small particles according to the particle size.

[0167] Preferably, the weight ratio of the large particles in the head frame to the small particles in the head frame is 1 / 6 to 1 / 3.

[0168] Preferably, the particle size of the large particles of the head frame is 3.5 to 5 mm.

[0169] Preferably, the particle size of the small particles in the head frame is 2 to 3 mm.

[0170] Preferably, the headstock particles include iron particles.

[0171] In the present invention, the head frame 2 is an important connecting hub and the main path for vibration transmission. However, due to the compact structure of this part, it is not suitable to design the particle damping device as an external structure. Therefore, it is necessary to reasonably set the hollow closed structure inside the head frame 2 and fill it with damping particles to reduce the impact of vibration on the head frame 2 and the motor 3 it carries, while weakening the propagation of vibration energy on the head frame 2.

[0172] Furthermore, the output shaft of the motor 3 is connected to a reducer, and a particle damping collar with a cavity is arranged on the periphery of the motor 3 and the reducer.

[0173] Preferably, if Figure 4 As shown, the particle damping sleeve includes an inner sleeve 17 and an outer sleeve 16 which are nested from the inside to the outside, and an annular cavity is formed between the outer sleeve 16 and the inner sleeve 17. An annular end cover 18 is provided at the open ends of the annular cavity respectively, and the annular cavity is filled with sleeve particles made of metal material.

[0174] Preferably, the filling rate of the collar particles is 99%.

[0175] Preferably, the surface friction factor of the collar particles is 0.5 to 0.99.

[0176] Preferably, the surface recovery coefficient of the collar particles is 0.5-1.

[0177] Preferably, the particle size of the collar particles is 2 to 3 mm.

[0178] Preferably, the collar particles comprise iron particles.

[0179] In the present invention, the vibration generated by the cutter head 1 breaking rocks can easily damage the motor 3 and the reducer in the transmission module, and easily cause power failure. Therefore, a special particle damping vibration reduction ring is designed to protect the motor 3 and the reducer, reducing the damage of vibration to key components.

[0180] Furthermore, the shield 4 includes a top shield and a bottom shield, and the top shield and the bottom shield are respectively located at the top and the bottom of the transmission module.

[0181] Preferably, if Figure 5 As shown, the top shield includes an inner ring plate 20 and an outer ring plate 19 which are spaced apart from bottom to top, and the inner ring plate 20 and the outer ring plate 19 are arc-shaped columns, and an arc-shaped cavity is formed between the inner ring plate 20 and the outer ring plate 19; a plurality of radial partitions 21 are arranged in the arc-shaped cavity, and the radial partitions 21 divide the arc-shaped cavity into a plurality of top shield filling cavities, and the top shield filling cavities are filled with shield particles made of metal material.

[0182] Preferably, the filling rate of the shield particles is 95-99%.

[0183] Preferably, the surface friction factor of the shield particles is 0.5 to 0.99.

[0184] Preferably, the surface restitution coefficient of the shield particles is 0.5-1.

[0185] Preferably, the particle size of the shield particles is 2 to 3 mm.

[0186] Preferably, the shield particles comprise iron particles.

[0187] Preferably, the bottom shield and the top shield have the same structure, the filling cavity of the bottom shield is filled with shield particles, and the bottom shield and the top shield are symmetrically arranged up and down.

[0188] In the present invention, the vibration-damping shield 4 of the hard rock tunnel boring machine is mainly for the upper and lower shields, and the surplus space inside the upper and lower shield structures or the redesigned hollow structure is filled with damping particles. The shield 4 also includes two side shields, and the shield 4 is located at the periphery of the transmission module to protect the head frame 2 and the motor 3 and reducer and other devices carried by it from the harm of falling rocks and pipe surges.

[0189] Furthermore, if Figure 6 As shown, the main beam 5 includes a shell 22 and a transverse partition 23 arranged in a horizontal direction on the top of the inner cavity of the shell 22, and a transverse partition filling cavity is formed between the transverse partition 23 and the top of the inner cavity of the shell 22.

[0190] Preferably, a longitudinal partition 24 is vertically arranged on the bottom surface of the inner cavity of the shell 22, and the top edge of the longitudinal partition 24 extends obliquely toward the inner wall of the shell 22 to form a support plate, and the longitudinal partition 24, the support plate, the inner wall of the shell 22 and the bottom surface of the inner cavity of the shell 22 form a longitudinal partition filling cavity.

[0191] Preferably, the transverse partition filling cavity and the longitudinal partition filling cavity are filled with main beam particles of metal material with different particle sizes.

[0192] Preferably, the filling rate of the main beam particles is 95-99%.

[0193] Preferably, the surface friction coefficient of the main beam particles is 0.5 to 0.99.

[0194] Preferably, the surface restitution coefficient of the main beam particles is 0.5-1.

[0195] Preferably, the main beam particles are divided into main beam large particles and main beam small particles according to the particle size.

[0196] Preferably, the weight ratio of the main beam large particles to the main beam small particles is 1 / 7 to 1 / 5.

[0197] Preferably, the particle size of the large particles of the main beam is 3.5-5 mm.

[0198] Preferably, the particle size of the small particles of the main beam is 2 to 3 mm.

[0199] Preferably, the main beam particles include iron particles.

[0200] In the present invention, the main beam 5 is composed of three sections, front, middle and rear, connected by bolts. The front section is close to the cutter disc 1, and the rear section is far away from the cutter disc 1. Vibration propagates backward through the main beam 5, which is the main path for vibration energy propagation. Vibration can easily reduce the stability of the main beam 5, causing metal fatigue, and in severe cases, can cause bolt failure and main structure fracture, resulting in equipment scrapping. The hollow areas inside the front, middle and rear sections of the main beam 5 and the surplus space outside are fully utilized to reasonably set the particle damping device, reduce the impact of vibration on this part of the structure, and further weaken the propagation of vibration energy on the main beam 5.

[0201] Furthermore, the support module includes at least one support shoe 6 and a support frame 7, wherein the support shoe 6 is located at the bottom of the middle section of the main beam 5 for fixing the main beam 5, and the support frame 7 is located at the bottom of one end of the main beam 5 away from the cutter disc 1.

[0202] Preferably, if Figure 7 As shown, the gripper shoe 6 includes a shell 25 and a plurality of crisscross partition plates 26 arranged in the inner cavity of the shell 25. The partition plates 26 divide the cavity of the shell 25 into a plurality of gripper shoe filling cavities, and the gripper shoe filling cavities are filled with gripper shoe particles of metal material with different particle sizes.

[0203] Preferably, the filling rate of the support shoe particles is 95-99%.

[0204] Preferably, the surface friction factor of the gripper particles is 0.5 to 0.99.

[0205] Preferably, the surface recovery coefficient of the gripper particles is 0.5-1.

[0206] Preferably, the gripper particles are divided into large gripper particles and small gripper particles according to their particle size.

[0207] Preferably, the weight ratio of the large gripper particles to the small gripper particles is 1 / 8 to 1 / 6.

[0208] Preferably, the particle size of the large particles of the support shoe is 3.5-5 mm.

[0209] Preferably, the particle size of the small particles of the support shoe is 2 to 3 mm.

[0210] Preferably, the gripper particles comprise iron particles.

[0211] Preferably, the support module comprises two support shoes 6 which are symmetrically arranged on the left and right.

[0212] In the present invention, the support shoe 6 is closely attached to the inner wall of the tunnel when the hard rock tunnel boring machine is in operation, ensuring that the cutter head 1 does not slip when the whole machine is excavating forward, and plays an important role in stabilizing the posture of the whole machine.

[0213] Furthermore, the support frame 7 includes support legs, such as Figure 8 As shown, the support leg includes a support foot 30 and two longitudinal plates vertically arranged on the support foot 30, the longitudinal plates include a first longitudinal plate 27 and a second longitudinal plate 28, a support frame cavity is formed between the first longitudinal plate 27 and the second longitudinal plate 28, an end cover 29 is provided at the top open end of the support frame cavity, and the support frame cavity is filled with support frame particles of metal material with different particle sizes.

[0214] Preferably, the filling rate of the support frame particles is 95-99%.

[0215] Preferably, the surface friction factor of the support particles is 0.5 to 0.99.

[0216] Preferably, the surface recovery coefficient of the support particles is 0.5-1.

[0217] Preferably, the support frame particles are divided into large support frame particles and small support frame particles according to their particle size.

[0218] Preferably, the weight ratio of the large support frame particles to the small support frame particles is 1 / 8 to 1 / 6.

[0219] Preferably, the particle size of the large particles of the support frame is 3.5 to 5 mm.

[0220] Preferably, the particle size of the small particles of the support frame is 2 to 3 mm.

[0221] Preferably, the support particles include iron particles.

[0222] In the present invention, the support frame 7 plays an important role in stabilizing the posture of the whole machine. Excessive vibration is easy to cause damage to the structure and auxiliary facilities there. Most of the structures of the support frame 7 are structural parts, with a lot of internal hollows and external surplus space. These structures are reasonably arranged and filled with damping particles to reduce vibration and its harm on the path of vibration propagation. The support frame 7 also includes a support hydraulic cylinder located above the support leg, which is used to support the excavation equipment and prevent the support leg from deforming.

[0223] Furthermore, ventilation bolts 34 are provided on the structural plates of the cutter disc 1 , the head frame 2 , the particle damping collar, the top shield, the bottom shield, the main beam 5 , the support shoe 6 and the support leg, and the ventilation bolts 34 connect the external environment and the internal cavity 32 .

[0224] Preferably, if Fig. 9 As shown, the vent bolt 34 is an axial through structure, and the interior of the vent bolt 34 is filled with an outer hydrophobic vent material 36 and an inner hydrophobic vent material 35 in sequence from the outside to the inside.

[0225] Preferably, a fastening pad 33 is provided between the head of the vent bolt 34 and the outer wall surface of the structural plate body 31 .

[0226] In the present invention, the vent bolt 34 is arranged and installed on the structure filled with damping particles, and a vent hole is reserved without affecting the function of the structure. After the damping particles are filled, the vent bolt 34 is installed to facilitate the discharge of internal air and prevent water and debris from entering the cavity structure.

[0227] Preferably, the hard rock tunnel boring machine also includes at least one thrust hydraulic cylinder, one end of the thrust hydraulic cylinder is connected to the outer wall of the main beam 5 close to the cutter disc 1, and the other end of the thrust hydraulic cylinder is connected to the support shoe 6, and the thrust hydraulic cylinder is used to drive the cutter disc 1 to dig forward.

[0228] Preferably, a propulsion hydraulic cylinder is respectively provided on both sides of the main beam 5, and the propulsion hydraulic cylinders are symmetrically arranged on the left and right.

[0229] In the present invention, the propulsion hydraulic cylinders on both sides of the main beam 5 provide thrust for the cutter head 1 to break rocks during excavation, and work in coordination with the support shoes 6. The excavation equipment does not move, thereby ensuring the thrust of the cutter head 1 during rock breaking.

[0230] In another specific embodiment, the present invention provides a damping and vibration reduction design method for a hard rock tunnel boring machine according to the first aspect, the damping and vibration reduction design method comprising:

[0231] A vibration test was conducted on a hard rock tunnel boring machine that was not filled with metal particles. The theoretical particle filling rate was calculated based on the collected vibration frequency and amplitude data. Particles were filled into the hard rock tunnel boring machine model according to the theoretical damping particle filling amount and a damping experiment was conducted. If the ideal vibration reduction effect was achieved, metal particles were filled according to the current theoretical particle filling rate. Otherwise, the damping particle filling rate was recalculated.

[0232] Exemplarily, the damping vibration reduction design method provided by the present invention specifically includes the following steps:

[0233] Step 1: Comprehensively test the vibration of key parts of the TBM hard rock tunnel boring machine when it is working without any vibration reduction technology at the construction site, and understand the actual vibration conditions of TBM hard rock tunnel boring machines of different excavation strata and different structural models;

[0234] Step 2: Analyze and organize the data to determine the vibration intensity of each key structure of the target equipment body and the vibration propagation path along the structure;

[0235] Step 3: Detailed calculation is performed based on the vibration frequency and amplitude of different structural parts of the equipment body, thereby determining the material and filling amount of damping particles filled in different structural parts, and designing particle damper styles for different parts;

[0236] Step 4: For different excavation strata and different models of TBM hard rock tunneling machines, redesign the parts with limited space based on the analysis of their structures;

[0237] Step 5: Design a scaled model for different structural parts of the equipment and conduct a particle damping vibration test;

[0238] Determine whether the solution is feasible? If yes, proceed to step 6; if no, return to step 2;

[0239] Step 6: Based on the above work, redesign the particle damping vibration reduction structure of different parts of the particle damping TBM hard rock tunnel boring machine equipment body. If necessary, make reasonable space division inside the structure to prepare for the installation of partitions.

[0240] Step 7, prepare and cut the partition. The partition is a thin plate, and the material is consistent with the material of the structural part, and its size meets the design requirements;

[0241] Step 8: Pack the two types of iron damping particles into small bags of the same weight and label them. Specifically, pack the particle damping particles to be filled into small bags of the same weight according to their sizes, and the weight should be such that a person can carry it;

[0242] Step 9, filling damping particles according to the design requirements of different structural parts;

[0243] The specific operation process of step 8 and step 9 is as follows: if the internal space of the structure needs to be filled with damping particles, in the process of cutting each structural part, damping particle filling holes are reserved in advance at the corresponding positions of each structure. In principle, one independent spatial structure corresponds to one particle filling hole. When assembling and welding these structures, the partitions in each structural space are installed in place according to the design requirements, and the partitions are welded using intermittent welding process;

[0244] It should be noted that the fixing method of the partitions in each key structure of the hard rock tunnel boring machine also includes bolt connection or riveting. The present invention does not make specific requirements and special limitations on the fixing method of the partitions. The fixing methods disclosed in the prior art or undisclosed in the new technology can be used in the present invention. The new technical solutions obtained by conventional replacement also fall within the protection scope and disclosure scope of the present invention.

[0245] Due to the large size of the equipment, when filling particles, it is necessary to use a crane to pull up the target subassembly structure and keep it in the final product assembly posture for operation. According to the particle filling requirements, each space in the area is manually filled with particles. When the damping particles in each space in the area are close to the filling hole, the subassembly structure can be tilted appropriately to complete the filling of all damping particles, and then the filling hole is sealed and welded, and finally the vent bolt 34 is installed. When filling particles in each space, the particles are manually poured into the space one bag at a time. After the small diameter particles are poured into a layer and evenly distributed, the large diameter particles are poured in. In this way, the large and small diameter particles are filled in layers;

[0246] If it is necessary to use the extra space outside to install the particle damping device, the particle damper for the target structure shall be processed and manufactured in advance according to the design, and installed at the predetermined position of the target structure by bolts, rivets or welding;

[0247] Step 10, iron particles are filled in the cutter box plate 8 of the cutter head 1 of the TBM hard rock tunnel boring machine, and the damping particles are filled in a manner of a layer of small particles and a layer of large particles, the weight ratio of the large particles to the small particles is between 1 / 6 and 1 / 4, and the filling rate is 95-99%; iron particles are filled in the conical plate 9, and the damping particles are filled in a manner of a layer of small particles and a layer of large particles, the weight ratio of the large particles to the small particles is between 1 / 5 and 1 / 3, and the filling rate is 97-99%; iron particles are filled in the rib plate, and all of them are small particles, and the filling rate is 99%; iron particles are filled in the hob cutter shaft, and all of them are small particles, and the filling rate is 99%;

[0248] Step 11, the head frame 2 of the TBM hard rock tunnel boring machine is filled with damping particles, and the damping particles are filled in a manner of a layer of small particles and a layer of large particles, and the weight ratio of the large particles to the small particles is between 1 / 6 and 1 / 3, and the filling rate is 95-99%;

[0249] Step 12, the particle damping ring on the outer periphery of the motor 3 and the reducer of the TBM hard rock tunnel boring machine is filled with damping particles, all of which are small particles, and the filling rate is 99%;

[0250] Step 13, the shield 4 of the TBM hard rock tunnel boring machine is filled with damping particles, all of which are small particles, and the filling rate is 95-99%;

[0251] Step 14, the main beam 5 of the TBM hard rock tunnel boring machine is filled with damping particles, and the damping particles are filled in a manner of a layer of small particles and a layer of large particles, and the weight ratio of the large particles to the small particles is between 1 / 7 and 1 / 5, and the filling rate is 95-99%. A particle damping vibration reduction device can be designed and installed in the spare space outside the main beam 5;

[0252] Step 15, the inside of the gripper shoe 6 of the TBM hard rock tunnel boring machine is filled with damping particles, the damping particles are filled in a manner of a layer of small particles and a layer of large particles, the weight ratio of the large particles to the small particles is between 1 / 8 and 1 / 6, and the filling rate is 95-99%;

[0253] Step 16, the support frame 7 of the TBM hard rock tunnel boring machine is filled with damping particles, the damping particles are filled in a manner of a layer of small particles and a layer of large particles, the weight ratio of the large particles to the small particles is between 1 / 8 and 1 / 6, and the filling rate is 95-99%. A particle damping vibration reduction device can be designed and installed in the spare space outside the support frame 7;

[0254] Step 17: After all structural parts are filled with damping particles, the main structure of the equipment is assembled to form a complete TBM hard rock tunneling main machine according to the design requirements of the TBM hard rock tunneling machine, and is assembled and debugged with the rest of the TBM hard rock tunneling machine structure;

[0255] Step 18, use an exciter and a vibration tester to perform a vibration test on the TBM hard rock tunnel boring machine after final assembly to detect the vibration reduction effect; after the TBM hard rock tunnel boring machine enters the project construction site, regularly perform actual vibration measurements on the main body of the equipment to determine the final vibration reduction effect, and gradually optimize the particle damping vibration reduction scheme to improve the damping design of the particle damping TBM hard rock tunnel boring machine.

[0256] The above-mentioned TBM hard rock tunnel boring machine vibration reduction design method based on particle damping is applicable to all types of TBM hard rock tunnel boring machine vibration reduction requirements. In specific implementation, the structures of relevant steps and key components can be adjusted according to actual design and manufacturing needs. Ordinary technicians in this technical field should realize that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention, and are not used as limitations of the present invention. As long as they are within the essential spirit of the present invention, changes and modifications to the above-mentioned embodiments will fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

[0257] The applicant declares that the above is only a specific implementation mode of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art should understand that any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention shall fall within the protection scope and disclosure scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hard rock tunnel boring machine based on particle damping vibration reduction, characterized in that: The hard rock tunnel boring machine comprises a main beam and a transmission module arranged at the front end of the main beam, the main beam is connected to a cutter head through the transmission module, a shield is arranged on the periphery of the transmission module, and a support module is arranged at the bottom of the main beam; The transmission module includes a motor and a head frame carrying the motor, the motor is connected to the cutter disc for driving the cutter disc to rotate, and the main beam and the cutter disc are connected through the head frame; The cavities of the cutter head, head frame, shield, main beam and support module are filled with metal particles; The head frame comprises a head outer frame and a head inner frame which are coaxially arranged, the head outer frame is located inside the head inner frame, an annular rib plate is arranged between the head inner frame and the head outer frame, the inner circumference of the annular rib plate contacts the inner circumference of the head outer frame, and the outer circumference of the annular rib plate contacts the outer circumference of the head inner frame; The cavities of the die outer frame, the die inner frame and the annular ribs are filled with die frame particles of metal material with different particle sizes; The filling rate of the headstock particles is 95-99%; The surface friction factor of the headstock particles is 0.5 to 0.99; The surface recovery coefficient of the headstock particles is 0.5 to 1; The headstock particles are divided into headstock large particles and headstock small particles according to the particle size; The weight ratio of the large particles in the head frame to the small particles in the head frame is 1 / 6 to 1 / 3; The particle size of the large particles of the headstock is 3.5 to 5 mm; The particle size of the small particles of the head frame is 2 to 3 mm; The headstock particles include iron particles.

2. The hard rock tunnel boring machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cutter disc comprises a cutter box plate with a cavity, and a plurality of roller cutters are arranged in the cutter box plate; The knife box plate comprises a knife box front plate and a knife box rear plate arranged in parallel, a guide peripheral plate is arranged along the outer edges of the knife box front plate and the knife box rear plate, and the knife box front plate, the knife box rear plate and the guide peripheral plate surround a knife box plate cavity; A plurality of radial structural plates and a plurality of partitions are arranged in the cavity of the knife box plate, and the radial structural plates and the partitions divide the cavity of the knife box plate into a plurality of knife box plate filling cavities, and the knife box plate filling cavities are filled with knife box plate particles of metal material with different particle sizes; The filling rate of the knife box board particles is 95-99%; The surface friction factor of the knife box plate particles is 0.5 to 0.99; The surface recovery coefficient of the knife box plate particles is 0.5 to 1; The knife box board particles are divided into large knife box board particles and small knife box board particles according to the particle size; The weight ratio of the large particles of the knife box board to the small particles of the knife box board is 1 / 6 to 1 / 4; The particle size of the large particles of the knife box board is 3.5 to 5 mm; The particle size of the small particles of the knife box board is 2 to 3 mm; The knife box board particles include iron particles.

3. The hard rock tunnel boring machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The output shaft of the motor is connected to a reducer, and a particle damping collar with a cavity is arranged on the periphery of the motor and the reducer; The particle damping sleeve comprises an inner cylinder and an outer cylinder which are nested in sequence from the inside to the outside, an annular cavity is formed between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder, annular end covers are respectively provided at the open ends of the annular cavity, and the annular cavity is filled with sleeve particles made of metal material; The filling rate of the collar particles is 99%; The surface friction factor of the ring particles is 0.5 to 0.99; The surface recovery coefficient of the collar particles is 0.5 to 1; The particle size of the collar particles is 2 to 3 mm; The collar particles include iron particles.

4. The hard rock tunnel boring machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shield comprises a top shield and a bottom shield, and the top shield and the bottom shield are respectively located at the top and the bottom of the transmission module; The top shield comprises an inner ring plate and an outer ring plate spaced from bottom to top, the inner ring plate and the outer ring plate are arc-shaped columns, and an arc-shaped cavity is formed between the inner ring plate and the outer ring plate; a plurality of radial partitions are arranged in the arc-shaped cavity, and the radial partitions divide the arc-shaped cavity into a plurality of top shield filling cavities, and the top shield filling cavities are filled with shield particles made of metal; The filling rate of the shield particles is 95-99%; The surface friction factor of the shield particles is 0.5 to 0.99; The surface restitution coefficient of the shield particles is 0.5 to 1; The particle size of the shield particles is 2 to 3 mm; The shield particles include iron particles; The bottom shield and the top shield have the same structure, the filling cavity of the bottom shield is filled with shield particles, and the bottom shield and the top shield are symmetrically arranged up and down.

5. The hard rock tunnel boring machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main beam includes a shell and a diaphragm arranged in the horizontal direction on the top of the shell inner cavity, and a diaphragm filling cavity is formed between the diaphragm and the top of the shell inner cavity; A longitudinal partition is vertically arranged on the bottom surface of the inner cavity of the shell, and the top edge of the longitudinal partition extends obliquely toward the inner wall of the shell to form a support plate, and the longitudinal partition, the support plate, the inner wall of the shell and the bottom surface of the inner cavity of the shell form a longitudinal partition filling cavity; The transverse diaphragm filling cavity and the longitudinal diaphragm filling cavity are filled with main beam particles made of metal materials with different particle sizes; The filling rate of the main beam particles is 95-99%; The surface friction factor of the main beam particles is 0.5 to 0.99; The surface restitution coefficient of the main beam particles is 0.5 to 1; The main beam particles are divided into main beam large particles and main beam small particles according to the particle size; The weight ratio of the main beam large particles to the main beam small particles is 1 / 7 to 1 / 5; The particle size of the large particles of the main beam is 3.5 to 5 mm; The particle size of the small particles of the main beam is 2 to 3 mm; The main beam particles include iron particles.

6. The hard rock tunnel boring machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support module includes at least one support shoe and a support frame, wherein the support shoe is located at the bottom of the middle section of the main beam and is used to fix the main beam, and the support frame is located at the bottom of one end of the main beam away from the cutter head; The support shoe comprises a shell and a plurality of crisscross partition plates arranged in the inner cavity of the shell, wherein the partition plates divide the shell cavity into a plurality of support shoe filling cavities, and the support shoe filling cavities are filled with support shoe particles of metal material with different particle sizes; The filling rate of the support shoe particles is 95-99%; The surface friction factor of the gripper particles is 0.5 to 0.99; The surface recovery coefficient of the gripper particles is 0.5 to 1; The gripper particles are divided into large gripper particles and small gripper particles according to the particle size; The weight ratio of the large gripper particles to the small gripper particles is 1 / 8 to 1 / 6; The particle size of the large particles of the support shoe is 3.5 to 5 mm; The particle size of the small particles of the support shoe is 2 to 3 mm; The gripper particles include iron particles; The support module comprises two support shoes which are symmetrically arranged on the left and right.

7. The hard rock tunnel boring machine according to claim 6, characterized in that: The support frame includes a support leg, and the support leg includes a support foot and two longitudinal plates vertically arranged on the support foot, the longitudinal plates include a first longitudinal plate and a second longitudinal plate, a support frame cavity is formed between the first longitudinal plate and the second longitudinal plate, an end cover is provided at the top open end of the support frame cavity, and the support frame cavity is filled with support frame particles of metal material with different particle sizes; The filling rate of the support frame particles is 95-99%; The surface friction factor of the support particles is 0.5 to 0.99; The surface recovery coefficient of the support particles is 0.5 to 1; The support frame particles are divided into large support frame particles and small support frame particles according to the particle size; The weight ratio of the large particles of the support frame to the small particles of the support frame is 1 / 8 to 1 / 6; The particle size of the large particles of the support frame is 3.5 to 5 mm; The particle size of the small particles of the support frame is 2 to 3 mm; The support particles include iron particles.

8. The hard rock tunnel boring machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cutter head, head frame, particle damping collar, top shield, bottom shield, main beam, support shoe and support leg structural plates are provided with ventilation bolts, and the ventilation bolts are connected with the external environment and the internal cavity; The vent bolt is an axial through structure, and the interior of the vent bolt is filled with an outer hydrophobic vent material and an inner hydrophobic vent material in sequence from the outside to the inside; A fastening pad is provided between the head of the vent bolt and the outer wall of the structural plate; The hard rock tunnel boring machine further comprises at least one propulsion hydraulic cylinder, one end of which is connected to the outer side wall of the main beam close to the cutter disc, and the other end of which is connected to the support shoe, and the propulsion hydraulic cylinder is used to drive the cutter disc to dig forward; A propulsion hydraulic cylinder is respectively arranged on both sides of the main beam, and the propulsion hydraulic cylinders are arranged symmetrically on the left and right.

9. A damping and vibration reduction design method for a hard rock tunnel boring machine according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The damping vibration reduction design method comprises: A vibration test is conducted on a hard rock tunnel boring machine that is not filled with metal particles. The theoretical particle filling rate is calculated based on the collected vibration frequency and amplitude data. Particles are filled into the hard rock tunnel boring machine model according to the theoretical damping particle filling rate and a damping experiment is conducted. If the ideal vibration reduction effect is achieved, metal particles are filled according to the current theoretical particle filling rate, otherwise the damping particle filling rate is recalculated.

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