A naked eye 3D display module, device and control method thereof

Abstract

The present application discloses a naked-eye 3D display module, device and control method thereof, comprising: a display layer, the display layer comprising a plurality of sub-pixel units arranged in an array; a lens layer arranged on the display layer, the lens layer comprising a plurality of lenses arranged in an array; the orthographic projection of each of the lenses on the display layer covers at least a plurality of sub-pixel units, and from the center of the lens to both sides, the pixel opening sizes of the plurality of sub-pixel units decrease in sequence and / or the pixel pitches increase in sequence.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application generally relates to the field of display technology, and specifically to a naked-eye 3D display module, device and control method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Naked-eye three-dimensional (3D) display technology is a display technology that uses the parallax characteristics of both eyes to obtain realistic three-dimensional images with space and depth without the need for any auxiliary equipment (such as 3D glasses). Because the three-dimensional images displayed by naked-eye 3D display devices have the advantages of realistic and vivid expression, good environmental appeal and strong visual impact, the application scenarios of naked-eye 3D display devices are becoming more and more extensive.

[0003] Currently, the viewing angle of naked-eye 3D displays is too small. When people watch, they will enter a dead zone and cannot watch after moving within a certain range. In addition, it cannot meet the needs of multiple people watching at the same time, and normal display content cannot be seen in the dead zone. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned defects or deficiencies in the prior art, it is desired to provide a naked-eye 3D display module, device and control method thereof, which can reduce the dead zone of naked-eye 3D display and improve the display effect.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present application provides a naked-eye 3D display module, comprising:

[0006] A display layer, the display layer comprising a plurality of sub-pixel units arranged in an array;

[0007] A lens layer disposed on the display layer, the lens layer comprising a plurality of lenses arranged in an array;

[0008] The orthographic projection of each lens on the display layer covers at least a plurality of sub-pixel units, and from the center of the lens to both sides, the pixel opening sizes of the plurality of sub-pixel units decrease successively and / or the pixel pitches increase successively.

[0009] Optionally, a shielding layer is further included between the display layer and the lens layer, wherein:

[0010] The shielding layer includes a plurality of shielding blocks arranged in an array, and the orthographic projection of the shielding block on the display layer is located between the orthographic projections of two adjacent lenses on the display layer.

[0011] Optionally, the orthographic projection of the shielding layer on the display layer does not overlap or partially overlaps with the orthographic projection of the lens on the display layer.

[0012] Optionally, it further includes a light control layer disposed on the display layer, wherein:

[0013] The light control layer comprises a plurality of black matrices arranged in an array and a black matrix opening arranged between two adjacent black matrices, and the orthographic projection of the black matrix on the display layer is located between two adjacent sub-pixel units;

[0014] The orthographic projection of each lens on the light control layer covers at least a plurality of black matrices, and in the direction from the center of the lens to both sides, the sizes of the plurality of black matrices increase successively, and / or the size of the black matrix openings decreases successively.

[0015] Optionally, the display layer includes a plurality of pixel islands arranged in an array, and each pixel island includes a plurality of sub-pixel units;

[0016] The orthographic projection of the lens on the display layer is located in a lens area, and the lens area corresponds to one pixel island;

[0017] The center of the lens area coincides with the center of the lens.

[0018] Optionally, the pixel island includes an odd number of sub-pixel units, wherein a center of a sub-pixel unit coincides with a center of the lens area; or,

[0019] The pixel island includes an even number of the sub-pixel units, wherein the center of a black matrix coincides with the center of the lens area.

[0020] Optionally, the light control layer is arranged between the shielding layer and the display layer;

[0021] The orthographic projection of the shielding block on the light-controlling layer covers at least one of the black matrices; and the orthographic projection of the shielding block on the display layer covers at least part of the sub-pixels.

[0022] Optionally, the light control layer includes a liquid crystal box and a first electrode and a second electrode located on both sides of the liquid crystal box, the light control layer is used to control the liquid crystal box to perform black and white display to form the black matrix under the control of voltage, and is used to adjust the size and spacing of the black matrix according to the position of the eyes to adjust the pixel opening size of the sub-pixel unit.

[0023] Optionally, the display layer includes a central area and a first area and a second area located on both sides of the central area; the orthographic projection of each lens in the display layer is located in one of the lens areas;

[0024] The light control layer is used to control the pixel openings of the plurality of sub-pixel units in each lens area in the first area and the second area to be symmetrically arranged about the center of the lens area when the eye is located in the central area;

[0025] The light control layer is used to control the plurality of sub-pixel units in each lens area in the second area when the eye is located in the first area, so that the pixel opening size of the sub-pixel unit located on the side of the lens center away from the first area is larger than the pixel opening size of the sub-pixel unit at the symmetrical position on the other side;

[0026] The light control layer is used to control the multiple sub-pixel units in each lens area in the first area when the eye is located in the second area, and the pixel opening size of the sub-pixel unit located on the side of the lens center away from the second area is larger than the pixel opening size of the sub-pixel unit at the symmetrical position on the other side.

[0027] In a second aspect, the present application provides a naked-eye 3D display device, comprising any of the above-described naked-eye 3D display modules.

[0028] Optionally include:

[0029] An eye tracking module, wherein the eye tracking module is used to determine the position of the eyes;

[0030] The naked-eye 3D display module includes a light control layer arranged on the display layer, the light control layer includes a liquid crystal box and a first electrode and a second electrode located on both sides of the liquid crystal box, the light control layer is used to control the liquid crystal box to perform black and white display to form a black matrix under the control of voltage, and is used to adjust the size and spacing of the black matrix according to the position of the eyes to adjust the pixel opening size of the sub-pixel unit.

[0031] In a third aspect, the present application provides a control method applied to the naked-eye 3D display device as described above, comprising:

[0032] Determine eye position;

[0033] The size and spacing of the black matrix on the light control layer are adjusted according to the position of the eyes to adjust the pixel opening size of the sub-pixel unit.

[0034] Optionally, the display layer includes a central area and a first area and a second area located on both sides of the central area; the orthographic projection of each lens in the display layer is located in one of the lens areas, and the method includes:

[0035] Adjusting the light control layer to control the pixel openings of the plurality of sub-pixel units in each lens area in the first area and the second area to be symmetrically arranged about the center of the lens area when the eye is located in the central area;

[0036] When the eye is located in the first area, the plurality of sub-pixel units in each lens area in the second area are controlled so that the pixel opening size of the sub-pixel unit located on one side of the center of the lens away from the first area is larger than the pixel opening size of the sub-pixel unit at a symmetrical position on the other side;

[0037] When the eye is located in the second area, the multiple sub-pixel units in each lens area in the first area are controlled so that the pixel opening size of the sub-pixel unit located on the side of the lens center away from the second area is larger than the pixel opening size of the sub-pixel unit at the symmetrical position on the other side.

[0038] The technical solution provided by the embodiments of the present application may have the following beneficial effects:

[0039] The naked-eye 3D display module provided in the embodiment of the present application adjusts the arrangement of the sub-pixel units under each lens, increases the main lobe angle by increasing the size of the pixel opening located at the center of the lens to achieve a wide viewing angle and reduce the number of "3D dead zones"; reduces crosstalk between pixels by increasing the pixel spacing at the edge position; in the present application, the sub-pixels under each lens are arranged in a descending or increasing manner, which can effectively prevent moiré patterns and improve the display effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] Other features, objects and advantages of the present application will become more apparent by reading the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments made with reference to the following drawings:

[0041] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a naked-eye 3D display module provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0042] Figure 2 A schematic structural diagram of a naked-eye 3D display module provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0043] Figure 3 A schematic structural diagram of another naked-eye 3D display module provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0044] Figure 4 A non-optimized viewpoint brightness curve diagram of an existing display module provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0045] Figure 5 A non-optimized viewpoint crosstalk curve diagram of an existing display module provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0046] Figure 6 A viewpoint brightness curve diagram of a display module after optimization provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0047] Figure 7 A viewpoint crosstalk curve diagram of a display module after optimization provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0048] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the structure of a light control layer provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0049] Fig. 9 A connection diagram of a naked-eye 3D display device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0050] Figure 10-12 A schematic diagram of the structure of a display module provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0051] Fig.13 The present invention provides a flow chart of a control method of a naked-eye 3D display device according to an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0052] The present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the relevant invention, rather than to limit the invention. It is also necessary to explain that, for ease of description, only the parts related to the invention are shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0053] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present application can be combined with each other. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0054] like Figure 1 As shown, the present application provides a naked-eye 3D display module, comprising:

[0055] A display layer 100, wherein the display layer 100 includes a plurality of sub-pixel units 10 arranged in an array;

[0056] A lens layer 200 disposed on the display layer 100, wherein the lens layer 200 includes a plurality of lenses 20 arranged in an array;

[0057] The orthographic projection of each lens 20 on the display layer 100 covers at least a plurality of sub-pixel units 10 , and from the center of the lens 20 to both sides, the pixel opening sizes T1 of the plurality of sub-pixel units 10 decrease successively and / or the pixel pitches T2 increase successively.

[0058] The naked-eye 3D display module provided in the embodiment of the present application adjusts the arrangement of the sub-pixel units 10 under each lens 20, increases the main lobe angle by increasing the pixel opening size T1 located at the center of the lens 20 to achieve a wide viewing angle and reduce the number of "3D dead zones"; reduces crosstalk between pixels by increasing the pixel spacing T2 at the edge position; in the present application, the sub-pixels under each lens 20 are arranged in a descending or increasing manner, which can effectively prevent moiré patterns and improve the display effect.

[0059] Crosstalk in naked-eye 3D display devices refers to the crosstalk phenomenon between adjacent pixel units. The impact of crosstalk on the visible image of naked-eye 3D display devices cannot be ignored, because in naked-eye 3D display devices, some pixel units display left-eye images, and other pixel units display right-eye images. If crosstalk occurs between adjacent pixel units, the target brightness of adjacent pixel units and the displayed image will be affected. Moiré is the visual result of interference between two lines or two objects at a constant angle and frequency. When the human eye cannot distinguish between the two lines or two objects, only the interference pattern can be seen. This optical phenomenon is moiré.

[0060] The display layer 100 provided in the present application can be an OLED (organic light emitting device, Organic Light Emitting Device) display panel, a PLED (polymer light emitting device, Polymer Light Emitting Device) display panel, a Micro LED (micro light emitting diode, Micro Light Emitting Diode) display panel, a Mini LED (mini light emitting diode, Mini Light Emitting Diode) display panel, a QD (Quantum Dot) display panel, an LCD (liquid crystal display) display panel or other types of display panels.

[0061] Exemplarily, the display layer 100 may be an OLED display panel, which may include a base substrate, a driving circuit layer, a pixel layer, and an encapsulation layer stacked in sequence. The pixel layer includes pixel islands N distributed in an array, any pixel island N includes a plurality of sub-pixel units 10 arranged continuously along a set direction, any sub-pixel unit 10 is an organic light emitting diode, and the lens area M corresponds to one pixel island N.

[0062] In the present application, the sub-pixels include a first sub-pixel, a second sub-pixel and a third sub-pixel, and the colors of the first sub-pixel, the second sub-pixel and the third sub-pixel unit 10 are the first color, the second color and the third color. Exemplarily, the first sub-pixel is a red (R) sub-pixel unit, the second sub-pixel is a green (G) sub-pixel unit 10, and the third sub-pixel is a blue (B) sub-pixel unit 10. The shapes of the first sub-pixel, the second sub-pixel and the third sub-pixel unit 10 are any one of a triangle, a quadrilateral, a pentagon, a hexagon or an octagon.

[0063] In the embodiment of the present application, the number of sub-pixel units 10 covered by the orthographic projection of each lens 20 on the display layer 100 is not limited, that is, the number of sub-pixel units 10 on the pixel island N is not limited. For example, a pixel island N includes a plurality of green sub-pixels G; or the colors displayed by the sub-pixels in the same pixel island N may also be different. For example, a pixel island N includes a red sub-pixel R, a green sub-pixel G, and a blue sub-pixel B. In the embodiment of the present application, the arrangement of the sub-pixel units 10 in each pixel island N is not limited, and the sub-pixel units 10 may be arranged in a stripe shape, an island shape, a mosaic shape, or a herringbone shape.

[0064] The lens layer 200 provided in the present application may be a microlens array layer, and the structure of the lens 20 may be a strip-shaped cylindrical lens 20, or a spherical spherical lens 20. The lens 20 may be a plano-convex lens 20, and the lens 20 includes a convex surface, and the convex surface is arranged on the side away from the display layer 100, and the lens 20 array is used to control the direction of light. The lens 20 corresponds to a plurality of sub-pixels, some of which display the left-eye image, and the other sub-pixels display the right-eye image. The refraction effect of the microlens 20 is used to guide the light into a specific observation area, that is, after the light emitted by the sub-pixel displaying the left-eye image passes through the microlens 20, the propagation direction of the light is deflected, and the light of the sub-pixel unit 10 displaying the left-eye image is emitted into the user's left eye, and the light of the sub-pixel unit 10 displaying the right-eye image is emitted into the user's right eye, generating a stereoscopic image pair corresponding to the left and right eyes, and generating stereoscopic vision under brain fusion.

[0065] In the present application, it is defined that the orthographic projection of the lens 20 on the display layer 100 is within the range of the lens region M, the orthographic projection area of ​​the lens 20 on the display layer 100 is less than or equal to the area of ​​the lens region M, the size of the lens region M is equal to the pitch (center distance) between two adjacent lenses 20, and the center of the lens 20 coincides with the center of the lens region M. One lens region M corresponds to the area of ​​one pixel island N.

[0066] It can be understood by those skilled in the art that, generally, the larger the aperture ratio of the lens 20 is, the higher the crosstalk value between adjacent pixel islands N is. In the present application, the display module also includes a shielding layer 300 arranged between the display layer 100 and the lens layer 200, and the shielding layer 300 includes a plurality of shielding blocks 30 arranged in an array, and the orthographic projection of the shielding block 30 on the display layer 100 is located between the orthographic projections of two adjacent lenses 20 on the display layer 100.

[0067] The orthographic projection of the shielding block 30 on the display layer 100 partially overlaps with the lens area M and is located at the junction of two adjacent lens areas M. The center of the shielding block 30 coincides with the edge of the lens area M. In the embodiment of the present application, the shielding block 30 opening formed between the shielding blocks 30 is used to control the aperture ratio of the lens 20 relative to the lens area M. The larger the size of the shielding block 30, the smaller the aperture ratio of the lens 20, and the smaller the crosstalk between two adjacent pixel islands N.

[0068] In the embodiment of the present application, the correspondence between the lens 20 and the shielding layer 300 is not limited. Optionally, the orthographic projection of the shielding layer 300 on the display layer 100 does not overlap or partially overlaps with the orthographic projection of the lens 20 on the display layer 100. It is set as needed in different embodiments. In some embodiments, a gap is set between two adjacent lenses 20, and the shielding block 30 is set at the gap. The size of the shielding block 30 is the same as the size of the gap, and the orthographic projection of the shielding block 30 on the display layer 100 does not overlap with the orthographic projection of the lens 20 on the display layer 100. In other embodiments, in order to improve the light convergence ability of the lens 20 for the pixels at the edge position of the lens 20, the orthographic projection of the shielding block 30 on the display layer 100 partially overlaps with the orthographic projection of the lens 20 on the display layer 100, so as to increase the arch height of the lens 20 at the opening edge position of the shielding block 30, improve the light convergence ability at the opening edge of the shielding block 30, and improve the display effect.

[0069] It is understandable that the display module may further include a film structure for adjusting other parameters of the lens 20, such as a transparent spacer layer 500 for adjusting the distance between the lens 20 and the display layer 100 (i.e., the placement height or the focal length of the microlens 20). The height of the transparent spacer layer 500 is not limited in the embodiment of the present application. Exemplarily, by setting the thickness of the spacer layer 500 so that a plurality of sub-pixel units 10 are located on the focal plane of the lens 20, the crosstalk between the left eye image seen by the user's left eye and the right eye image seen by the right eye can be effectively reduced, thereby improving the 3D display effect of the naked eye 3D device.

[0070] It should be pointed out that the pixel opening T1 in the present application refers to the area where the sub-pixel unit 10 can emit light and transmit light and display, the pixel opening T1 is the actual effective light-emitting area of ​​the sub-pixel unit 10, and the pixel opening size T1 refers to the cross-sectional width of the pixel opening T1 on any cross section perpendicular to the display layer 100. In the present application, the size of the pixel opening size T1 can be controlled by adjusting the size of the sub-pixel unit 10 and the opening size of the black matrix 40 on the sub-pixel unit 10. In the present application, the spacing refers to the size of the interval between two adjacent units, that is, the minimum distance between the edge of a unit and the edge of an adjacent unit. In the present application, the size of the pixel spacing T2 can also be controlled by controlling the position of the black matrix 40 on the sub-pixel.

[0071] In order to match the existing preparation process and improve the production efficiency of the display component, in the present application, the pixel opening T1 size and the pixel spacing T2 size of the sub-pixel unit 10 are adjusted by the light control layer 400 disposed above the display layer 100. Specifically, the light control layer 400 is disposed between the shielding layer 300 and the display layer 100, and the light control layer 400 includes a plurality of black matrices 40 (Black Matrix, BM for short) arranged in an array, and a black matrix 40 opening disposed between two adjacent black matrices 40, and the orthographic projection of the black matrix 40 on the display layer 100 is located between two adjacent sub-pixel units 10.

[0072] The size of the black matrix 40 corresponds to the pixel pitch T2 between the sub-pixel units 10, and the size of the opening of the black matrix 40 corresponds to the pixel opening size T1 of the sub-pixel unit 10. In the present application, the orthographic projection of each lens 20 on the light control layer 400 covers at least a plurality of black matrices 40, and in the direction from the center of the lens 20 to both sides, the sizes of the plurality of black matrices 40 increase in sequence, and / or the opening size of the black matrix 40 decreases in sequence.

[0073] The following will be described exemplarily by way of embodiments.

[0074] Embodiment 1

[0075] In the embodiment of the present application, the display layer 100 can be a medium or large-sized display panel spliced ​​together by multiple Mini LED display screens or multiple Micro LED display screens; for medium or large-sized naked-eye 3D displays, the main application is to meet the viewing needs of multiple people, fixed-point or mobile viewing. The entire 3D viewing angle is divided into a main lobe angle, a side lobe angle 1, a side lobe angle 2... and so on. There is a 3D dead zone between each lobe angle. When a person is located in the dead zone when watching, he will see very obvious ghosting, or when a person is moving and watching, he will inevitably cross the dead zone, making it impossible to watch 3D normally.

[0076] In the present application, the main lobe angle is enlarged by gradually decreasing the pixel opening T1 or gradually increasing the pixel spacing T2. At the same time, the single side lobe angle will also increase accordingly, the number of lobe angles will decrease, and the 3D dead zone between each lobe angle will be reduced, while reducing the crosstalk between adjacent sub-pixels.

[0077] In addition, in order to meet the large-scale multi-person viewing effect, the pixel openings T1 of the multiple sub-pixel units 10 in the pixel island N in the present application are arranged symmetrically and progressively in a non-uniform manner, and the multiple sub-pixel units 10 are symmetrically arranged about the center of the lens 20, and the multiple black matrices 40 in the pixel island N are symmetrically arranged about the center of the lens 20. It can be understood that the symmetrical arrangement in the embodiment of the present application includes self-symmetry. Depending on the number of sub-pixel units 10 in the lens area M, the pixel openings T1 of the sub-pixel units 10 may have different positional relationships.

[0078] For example, the pixel island N includes an odd number of the sub-pixel units 10, wherein the center of one of the sub-pixel units 10 (central sub-pixel) coincides with the center of the lens area M; the other sub-pixel units 10 except the central sub-pixel are located on both sides of the center line of the lens area M, and the sub-pixel units 10 on both sides are symmetrically arranged about the center of the lens area M.

[0079] In the embodiment of the present application, each pixel island N includes three sub-pixel units 10, that is, the lens area M covers the first sub-pixel, the second sub-pixel and the third sub-pixel, and the first sub-pixel, the second sub-pixel and the third sub-pixel have the same size and the same spacing.

[0080] Figure 2 A display module arrangement is shown in the figure, wherein the display layer 100 includes a first pixel island N and a second pixel island N, the lens layer 200 includes a first lens 201 and a second lens 202, and the sub-pixel units 10 are arranged in the following manner: G1, B1, R1; G2, B2, R2; and the black matrix 40 on the light control layer 400 is arranged in the following manner: BM1, BM2, BM3, BM4, BM5, BM6, BM7. Among them, BM1 (only half is shown) is the black matrix 40 between G1 and the sub-pixel on the other side, BM4 is the black matrix 40 between R1 and G2, and BM7 (only half is shown) is the black matrix 40 between R2 and the sub-pixel on the other side.

[0081] In this embodiment, the center L1 of the first lens 201 coincides with the center of B1, and a blocking block 30 is provided at the spacing position between the first lens 201 and the second lens 202, and the center of the blocking block 30 coincides with the center of BM4. Corresponding to a lens area M, a plurality of sub-pixel units 10 are symmetrically arranged about the center of the lens 20, and a plurality of black matrices 40 are symmetrically arranged about the center of the lens 20. The size relationship satisfies: BM2=BM3, BM1=BM4; BM5=BM6, BM4=BM7; the relationship of the black matrix 40 opening (pixel opening T1) satisfies: g1=r1, g2=r2.

[0082] To satisfy the following conditions, from the center of the lens 20 to both sides, the pixel opening size T1 of the plurality of sub-pixel units 10 decreases successively and the pixel spacing T2 increases successively: g1<b1, r1<b1; g2<b2, r2<b2; BM1>BM2, BM4>BM3; BM5>BM6, BM8>BM7.

[0083] It can be understood that in order to increase the main lobe angle, the pixel opening T1 of the sub-pixel unit 10 corresponding to the center of the lens 20 can be further enlarged. For example, the pixel opening T1 of the central sub-pixel (B1) located at the center of the lens 20 is greater than or equal to twice the pixel opening size T1 of the adjacent sub-pixel units 10 on both sides, that is, it satisfies: b1≥2*r1; b1≥2*g1.

[0084] For another example, the pixel island N includes an even number of sub-pixel units 10, wherein the center of a black matrix 40 coincides with the center of the lens area M, and each sub-pixel unit 10 is respectively located on both sides of the center line of the lens area M, and the sub-pixel units 10 on both sides are symmetrically arranged about the center of the lens area M.

[0085] In the embodiments of the present application, Figure 3 , a display module arrangement is shown, each pixel island N includes six sub-pixel units 10, the display layer 100 includes a first pixel island N and a second pixel island N, and the lens layer 200 includes a first lens 201 and a second lens 202. The arrangement of the sub-pixel units 10 on the display layer is as follows:

[0086] R11,G11,B11; R12,G12,B12; R21,G21,B21; R22,G22,B22.

[0087] The arrangement of the black matrix 40 on the light control layer 400 is as follows:

[0088] BM10, BM11, BM12, BM13, BM14, BM15; BM20, BM21, BM22, BM23, BM24, BM25; BM30. Only half of BM10 and BM30 are shown.

[0089] In this embodiment, the center L1 of the first lens 201 coincides with the center of BM13, and a blocking block 30 is provided at the spacing position between the first lens 201 and the second lens 202, and the center of the blocking block 30 coincides with the center of BM20. Corresponding to a lens area M, a plurality of sub-pixel units 10 are symmetrically arranged about the center of the lens 20, and a plurality of black matrices 40 are symmetrically arranged about the center of the lens 20. The size relationship satisfies: BM10=BM20, BM11=BM15, BM12=BM14; BM20=BM25, BM21=BM25, BM22=BM24; the relationship of the black matrix 40 opening (pixel opening T1) satisfies: r11=b12, g11=g12; b11=r12; r21=b22, g21=g22; b21=r22.

[0090] To satisfy the following conditions, from the center of the lens 20 to both sides, the pixel opening size T1 of the plurality of sub-pixel units 10 decreases in sequence and the pixel pitch T2 increases in sequence: r11<g11<b11; r12<g12<b12; r21<g21<b21; r22<g22<b22. BM10>BM11>BM12>BM13; BM20>BM15>BM14>BM13; BM20>BM21>BM22>BM23; BM20>BM25>BM24>BM23.

[0091] In the embodiment of the present application, it is shown that the lens area M includes six sub-pixels. In order to increase the main lobe angle and reduce the side lobe angle, and reduce the aperture ratio of the lens 20, the size of the shielding block 30 can be increased. Specifically, in the present application, the light control layer 400 is arranged between the shielding layer 300 and the display layer 100; the orthographic projection of the shielding block 30 on the light control layer 400 covers at least one of the black matrix 40; and the orthographic projection of the shielding block 30 on the display layer 100 covers at least part of the sub-pixels. Exemplarily, in the present embodiment, the shielding block 30 covers B12 on the first pixel island N and R21 on the second pixel island N. In this way, the light crosstalk between the first pixel island N and the second pixel island N can be reduced and the side lobe angle can be reduced.

[0092] It should be noted that the main lobe angle refers to the viewing angle formed in space by the emission light of the pixel island N after being split by the lens 20 directly above it, and the side lobe angle refers to the viewing angle formed in space by the emission light of the pixel island N after passing through the lens 20 next to the lens 20 directly above it. For example, the viewing angle formed by the emission light of the first pixel island N under the first lens 201 after passing through the first lens 201 is the main lobe angle, the viewing angle formed by the first pixel island N after passing through the second lens 202 is the side 1 lobe angle, and the viewing angle formed when passing through the lens 20 on the other side of the second lens 202 is the side 2 lobe angle, and so on.

[0093] Figure 4 The figure shows the refractive index of the lens 20 n=1.6175, and the viewpoint brightness curve corresponding to the uniform arrangement of each sub-pixel under the lens 20 in the prior art. Figure 5 is the corresponding unoptimized viewpoint crosstalk curve; Figure 6 For the viewpoint brightness curve using the symmetrical progressive non-uniform pixel arrangement in this application, Figure 7 is the corresponding optimized crosstalk curve.

[0094] By adjusting the sub-pixel arrangement method in the present application, the closer the distance to the center of the lens 20 is, the stronger the focusing and collimating ability of the lens 20 for the middle sub-pixel in the island is, and the smaller the light crosstalk between the two adjacent sub-pixel units 10 located in the middle position is, and the main lobe angle can be effectively improved by increasing the size of the pixel opening T1 located in the middle position; the farther the distance from the center of the lens 20 is, the weaker the focusing and collimating ability of the lens 20 for the edge sub-pixels in the island is, and the greater the light crosstalk between the two adjacent sub-pixel units 10 is, and the light crosstalk can be reduced by gradually reducing the pixel opening T1 or gradually increasing the pixel spacing T2 (BM gradually increases).

[0095] From the comparison of the above figures, it can be found that the main lobe angle of the unoptimized display device is ±16°, and the main lobe angle of the optimized display device is +21°. When the sub-pixel fat filling method of the present application is adopted, the viewing angle can be improved by about 10°.

[0096] In an embodiment of the present application, the light control layer 400 can adopt the black matrix 40 in the prior art, and the black matrix 40 can adopt a polymer light-shielding material. The setting method of the light control layer 400 is not limited in the present application. In some embodiments, the light control layer 400 can adopt the formation method of the color filter layer in the prior art, and the color filter layer includes a black matrix 40 and a color filter part defined by the black matrix 40, that is, the color filter part is formed on the opening of the black matrix 40, corresponding to at least three sub-pixels included in each pixel, such as a red filter part, a green filter part and a blue filter part, and one of the sub-pixels corresponds to the color filter part.

[0097] Of course, the light control layer 400 can also be formed in other different ways, which are not limited in the embodiments of the present application. In the present application, a light control layer 400 in the form of liquid crystal is exemplified.

[0098] like Figure 8 As shown, the light control layer 400 includes a liquid crystal box 401 and a first electrode 402 and a second electrode 403 located on both sides of the liquid crystal box 401. The light control layer 400 is used to control the liquid crystal box 401 to display black and white to form the black matrix 40 under the control of voltage. The first electrode 402 can be a pixel electrode, and the second electrode 403 can be a common electrode. The material constituting the first electrode 402 and the second electrode 403 can be a transparent conductive material. For example, indium tin oxide (Indium Tin Oxide, ITO) and indium zinc oxide (Indium Zinc Oxide, IZO). The light control layer 400 also includes an array substrate layer 404 connected to the pixel electrode, and the formation of the black matrix 40 in the light control layer 400 is adjusted by using a TFT circuit to achieve accurate shading of the display layer 100, and the light control accuracy reaches the sub-pixel level. It should be noted that the first electrode 402 can be a common electrode, and the second electrode 403 can be a pixel electrode, and this application does not make specific restrictions.

[0099] The liquid crystal light control layer 400 is placed in a light-transmitting state or a light-shielding state under the control of the TFT circuit. For example, the liquid crystal box 401 is in the IPS mode, and is in a normally black state under non-powered conditions so that light cannot pass through. The non-powered area is in a light-shielding state, and the non-powered area corresponds to the black matrix 40 on the light control layer 400. Light can pass through the selected area, and the selected area is in a light-transmitting state, corresponding to the interval area of ​​the black matrix 40 on the light control layer 400.

[0100] Embodiment 2

[0101] The naked-eye 3D display device provided in the present application can also be a small-sized naked-eye 3D display to meet the needs of single-person viewing. The solution of the first embodiment of the present application can reduce the 3D dead zone and improve the display effect. However, the problem that the sub-pixels at the inner edge of the pixel island N have a large incident angle of light relative to the center of the lens 20, poor collimation effect, and large crosstalk cannot be solved. In addition, the fixed pixel opening size T1 has aberrations for sub-pixels at different positions, which will inevitably cause the light field 3D image seen by the human eye to have large crosstalk and moiré changes as the viewing angle changes, affecting the viewing effect. In particular, when the eye 700 is located at the left or right viewing angle of the screen, the increase in crosstalk caused by this situation is more obvious.

[0102] Based on the first embodiment, the present application optimizes the display module for application in a small-size display solution, and further provides a naked-eye 3D display device, such as Fig. 9 As shown, it includes any of the naked-eye 3D display modules described above. The naked-eye 3D display device also includes an eye tracking module 600, and the eye tracking module 600 is used to determine the position of the eye 700. The present application tracks the position of the eye 700 in real time through the eye tracking module 600 mounted on the display device, adjusts the arrangement of sub-pixels according to the position of the eye 700, and improves the 3D display effect.

[0103] In the present application, the light control layer 400 includes a liquid crystal box 401 and a first electrode 402 and a second electrode 403 located on both sides of the liquid crystal box 401. The light control layer 400 is used to control the liquid crystal box 401 to perform black and white display to form the black matrix 40 under the control of voltage, and is used to adjust the size and spacing of the black matrix 40 according to the position of the eye 700 to adjust the pixel opening size T1 of the sub-pixel unit 10.

[0104] In the present application, the size and spacing of the black matrix 40 are adjusted according to the position of the eye 700 to adjust the pixel opening size T1 of the sub-pixel unit 10. The liquid crystal light control layer 400 is placed in a light-transmitting state or a light-shielding state under the control of the TFT circuit to adjust the pixel opening T1 and the pixel spacing T2 to optimize the display effect, and the control method is simple.

[0105] like Figure 10-12 As shown, the display layer 100 includes a central area D0 and a first area D1 and a second area D2 located on both sides of the central area D0; in the embodiment of the present application, the ranges of the central area D0, the first area D1, and the second area D2 can be set as needed. Of course, in different embodiments, more detailed area divisions can be performed. The area division method can be adjusted as needed without violating the adjustment principle in the present application, and the present application does not limit this. In the present application, the first area D1 is exemplified on the left side of the screen, and the second area D2 is located on the right side of the screen.

[0106] like Fig.10 As shown, the light control layer 400 is used to control the pixel openings T1 of the plurality of sub-pixel units 10 in each lens area M in the first area D1 and the second area D2 to be symmetrically arranged about the center of the lens area M when the eye 700 is located in the central area D0. When the eye 700 is located in the middle of the screen, the middle sub-pixel opening T1 in each pixel island N is large, and the edge sub-pixel opening T1 is small, and the openings present a symmetrical progressive non-uniform arrangement, which is the same as the large-size display solution. For details, please refer to the method of embodiment 1, which will not be repeated here.

[0107] like Fig.11As shown, the light control layer 400 is used to control the multiple sub-pixel units 10 in each lens area M in the second area D2 when the eye 700 is located in the first area D1, and the pixel opening size T1 of the sub-pixel unit 10 located on the side of the center of the lens 20 away from the first area D1 is larger than the pixel opening size T1 of the sub-pixel unit 10 at the symmetrical position on the other side.

[0108] like Fig.12 As shown, the light control layer 400 is used to control the multiple sub-pixel units 10 in each lens area M in the first area D1 when the eye 700 is located in the second area D2, and the pixel opening size T1 of the sub-pixel unit 10 located on the side of the center of the lens 20 away from the second area D2 is larger than the pixel opening size T1 of the sub-pixel unit 10 at the symmetrical position on the other side.

[0109] When the eye 700 is located to the left of the center of the screen (the first area D1), the person is far away from the right side of the screen and it is difficult to align the eye, so the sub-pixel opening T1 at the right edge of the pixel island N on the right side of the screen (the second area D2) is smaller than the left edge, and the setting for the first area D1 is similar to the setting when the eye 700 is located in the central area D0, that is, a symmetrical progressive non-uniform arrangement is adopted; conversely, when the eye 700 is located to the right of the center of the screen (the second area D2), the person is far away from the left side of the screen and it is difficult to align the eye, so the sub-pixel opening T1 at the left edge of the pixel island N on the left side of the screen (the first area D1) is smaller than the right edge, and the setting for the second area D2 is similar to the setting when the eye 700 is located in the central area D0, that is, a symmetrical progressive non-uniform arrangement is adopted.

[0110] It can be understood that the BM arrangement in the present application is regulated by the partitions of the display layer 100, while the BM control method corresponding to a single lens 20 is controlled by half of the lens area M. Figure 3 In the arrangement of the neutron pixels, the first lens 201 is located in the first area D1 of the display layer 100, the second lens 202 is located in the second area D2 of the display layer 100, and the central area D0 of the display layer 100 corresponds to the area of ​​the blocking block 30 between the first lens 201 and the second lens 202.

[0111] For example, Fig.11As shown, when the eye 700 is located in the first area D1, the lens 20 in the second area D2 is difficult to align. Therefore, the arrangement of the sub-pixels on the right side of each pixel island N in the second area D2 is adjusted, and the size relationship of the black matrix 40 in the second area D2 (second lens 202) satisfies: BM20>BM21>BM22>BM23; BM20>BM25>BM24>BM23; and, BM20<BM20, BM21<BM25, BM22<BM24, BM23<BM23. The pixel opening size T1 in the second area D2 satisfies: r21<g21<b21; r22<g22<b22, and, r21>r22, g21>g22, b21>b22. The size relationship of the black matrix 40 in the first area D1 (first lens 201) satisfies: r11<g11<b11; r12<g12<b12; and r11=b12, g11=g12; b11=r12; BM10>BM11>BM12>BM13; BM20>BM15>BM14>BM13, and BM10=BM20, BM11=BM15, BM12=BM14.

[0112] In the embodiment of the present application, the center of the lens 20 is aligned with the center of the pixel island N. The lens 20 has a strong convergence and collimation capability for the middle sub-pixel in the island, and the light crosstalk between the middle adjacent sub-pixels, i.e., the adjacent viewpoints, is small. However, the lens 20 has a weak convergence and collimation capability for the edge sub-pixels in the island. Therefore, the opening BM of the edge sub-pixels in the island is gradually reduced and gradually increased, which can reduce the light crosstalk between the edge adjacent sub-pixels, i.e., the adjacent viewpoints. By controlling the sub-pixels on both sides corresponding to the lens 20 respectively, the sub-pixel opening T1 is adjusted for the side that is more difficult to collimate (the side far away from the eye 700), and the crosstalk is reduced by reducing the pixel opening T1 and increasing the BM, thereby improving the display effect.

[0113] Based on the same inventive concept, Fig.13 As shown, the present application provides a control method applied to the naked-eye 3D display device as described above, comprising:

[0114] S100, determining the position of the eye 700.

[0115] It is understandable that the method by which the eye tracking module 600 determines the position of the eye 700 is not shown in the present application, and a variety of different methods in the prior art may be used. For example, the camera-based eye 700 tracking technology may use a machine learning method to extract image features from the eyeball image, map it to the position of the eye 700 through a training model, or may use an image recognition method to identify the geometric structure of the eyeball from the image, and then analyze and obtain the position of the eye 700.

[0116] S200 , adjusting the size and spacing of the black matrix 40 on the light control layer 400 according to the position of the eye 700 to adjust the pixel opening size T1 of the sub-pixel unit 10 .

[0117] Specifically, the display layer 100 includes a central area D0 and a first area D1 and a second area D2 located on both sides of the central area D0; the orthographic projection of each lens 20 on the display layer 100 is located in one of the lens areas M, and the method includes:

[0118] The light control layer 400 is adjusted so that when the eye 700 is located in the central area D0, the pixel openings T1 of the plurality of sub-pixel units 10 in each lens area M in the first area D1 and the second area D2 are symmetrically arranged about the center of the lens area M;

[0119] When the eye 700 is located in the first area D1, the plurality of sub-pixel units 10 in each lens area M in the second area D2 are controlled so that the pixel opening size T1 of the sub-pixel unit 10 located on one side of the center of the lens 20 away from the first area D1 is larger than the pixel opening size T1 of the sub-pixel unit 10 at a symmetrical position on the other side;

[0120] When the eye 700 is located in the second area D2, the multiple sub-pixel units 10 in each lens area M in the first area D1 are controlled so that the pixel opening size T1 of the sub-pixel unit 10 located on the side of the center of the lens 20 away from the second area D2 is larger than the pixel opening size T1 of the sub-pixel unit 10 at a symmetrical position on the other side.

[0121] It should be understood that the orientation or position relationship indicated by terms such as "length", "width", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside" and "outside" are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0122] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0123] Unless otherwise defined, the technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those generally understood by those skilled in the art in the technical field of the present invention. The terms used herein are only for describing specific implementation purposes and are not intended to limit the present invention. Terms such as "setting" and the like appearing in this article can mean that one component is directly attached to another component, or that one component is attached to another component through an intermediate. Features described in this article in one embodiment may be applied to another embodiment alone or in combination with other features, unless the feature is not applicable in the other embodiment or otherwise specified.

[0124] The present invention has been described through the above-mentioned embodiments, but it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only for the purpose of example and illustration, and are not intended to limit the present invention to the described embodiments. It can be understood by those skilled in the art that more variations and modifications can be made according to the teachings of the present invention, and these variations and modifications all fall within the scope of the protection claimed by the present invention.

Claims

1. A naked-eye 3D display module, characterized in that: include: A display layer, the display layer comprising a plurality of sub-pixel units arranged in an array; A lens layer disposed on the display layer, the lens layer comprising a plurality of lenses arranged in an array; The orthographic projection of each lens on the display layer covers at least a plurality of sub-pixel units, and from the center of the lens to both sides, the pixel opening sizes of the plurality of sub-pixel units decrease successively and / or the pixel pitches increase successively.

2. The naked eye 3D display module according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a shielding layer disposed between the display layer and the lens layer, wherein: The shielding layer includes a plurality of shielding blocks arranged in an array, and the orthographic projection of the shielding block on the display layer is located between the orthographic projections of two adjacent lenses on the display layer.

3. The naked eye 3D display module according to claim 2, characterized in that: The orthographic projection of the shielding layer on the display layer does not overlap or partially overlaps with the orthographic projection of the lens on the display layer.

4. The naked eye 3D display module according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes a light control layer disposed on the display layer, wherein: The light control layer comprises a plurality of black matrices arranged in an array and a black matrix opening arranged between two adjacent black matrices, and the orthographic projection of the black matrix on the display layer is located between two adjacent sub-pixel units; The orthographic projection of each lens on the light control layer covers at least a plurality of black matrices, and in the direction from the center of the lens to both sides, the sizes of the plurality of black matrices increase successively, and / or the size of the black matrix openings decreases successively.

5. The naked eye 3D display module according to claim 4, characterized in that: The display layer includes a plurality of pixel islands arranged in an array, and each pixel island includes a plurality of sub-pixel units; The orthographic projection of the lens on the display layer is located in a lens area, and the lens area corresponds to one pixel island; The center of the lens area coincides with the center of the lens.

6. The naked eye 3D display module according to claim 5, characterized in that: The pixel island includes an odd number of sub-pixel units, wherein the center of one of the sub-pixel units coincides with the center of the lens area; or, The pixel island includes an even number of the sub-pixel units, wherein the center of a black matrix coincides with the center of the lens area.

7. The naked eye 3D display module according to claim 4, characterized in that: The light control layer is arranged between the shielding layer and the display layer; The orthographic projection of the shielding block on the light-controlling layer covers at least one of the black matrices; and the orthographic projection of the shielding block on the display layer covers at least part of the sub-pixels.

8. The naked eye 3D display module according to claim 4, characterized in that: The light control layer includes a liquid crystal box and a first electrode and a second electrode located on both sides of the liquid crystal box. The light control layer is used to control the liquid crystal box to perform black and white display to form the black matrix under the control of voltage, and is used to adjust the size and spacing of the black matrix according to the position of the eyes to adjust the pixel opening size of the sub-pixel unit.

9. The naked eye 3D display module according to claim 8, characterized in that: The display layer comprises a central area and a first area and a second area located on both sides of the central area; the orthographic projection of each lens in the display layer is located in one of the lens areas; The light control layer is used to control the pixel openings of the plurality of sub-pixel units in each lens area in the first area and the second area to be symmetrically arranged about the center of the lens area when the eye is located in the central area; The light control layer is used to control the plurality of sub-pixel units in each lens area in the second area when the eye is located in the first area, so that the pixel opening size of the sub-pixel unit located on the side of the lens center away from the first area is larger than the pixel opening size of the sub-pixel unit at the symmetrical position on the other side; The light control layer is used to control the multiple sub-pixel units in each lens area in the first area when the eye is located in the second area, and the pixel opening size of the sub-pixel unit located on the side of the lens center away from the second area is larger than the pixel opening size of the sub-pixel unit at the symmetrical position on the other side.

10. A naked-eye 3D display device, characterized in that: It comprises the naked-eye 3D display module as described in any one of claims 1-9.

11. The naked eye 3D display device according to claim 10, characterized in that: include: An eye tracking module, wherein the eye tracking module is used to determine the position of the eyes; The naked-eye 3D display module includes a light control layer arranged on the display layer, the light control layer includes a liquid crystal box and a first electrode and a second electrode located on both sides of the liquid crystal box, the light control layer is used to control the liquid crystal box to perform black and white display to form a black matrix under the control of voltage, and is used to adjust the size and spacing of the black matrix according to the position of the eyes to adjust the pixel opening size of the sub-pixel unit.

12. A control method applied to the naked-eye 3D display device according to claim 11, characterized in that: include: Determine eye position; The size and spacing of the black matrix on the light control layer are adjusted according to the position of the eyes to adjust the pixel opening size of the sub-pixel unit.

13. The method according to claim 12, characterized in that The display layer includes a central area and a first area and a second area located on both sides of the central area; the orthographic projection of each lens on the display layer is located in one of the lens areas, and the method includes: Adjusting the light control layer to control the pixel openings of the plurality of sub-pixel units in each lens area in the first area and the second area to be symmetrically arranged about the center of the lens area when the eye is located in the central area; When the eye is located in the first area, the plurality of sub-pixel units in each lens area in the second area are controlled so that the pixel opening size of the sub-pixel unit located on one side of the center of the lens away from the first area is larger than the pixel opening size of the sub-pixel unit at a symmetrical position on the other side; When the eye is located in the second area, the multiple sub-pixel units in each lens area in the first area are controlled so that the pixel opening size of the sub-pixel unit located on the side of the lens center away from the second area is larger than the pixel opening size of the sub-pixel unit at the symmetrical position on the other side.

Images