Power distribution units, battery packs and vehicles

Abstract

The present invention discloses a power distribution device, a battery pack and a vehicle, wherein the power distribution device comprises: a base, wherein the base is constructed with an interface area, wherein a high voltage connection part and a low voltage connection part are fixed to the interface area; a high voltage circuit, wherein at least a part of the high voltage circuit is assembled on the base, wherein the high voltage circuit is overlapped with the high voltage connection part to be electrically connected, wherein the high voltage circuit has a positive connection terminal of a battery and a negative connection terminal of a battery, wherein the components connected in the high voltage circuit are electrically connected by overlapping, wherein the high voltage circuit comprises a main disconnect switch core body, wherein the main disconnect switch core body is fixed to the base and forms a first module together; a circuit board, wherein the circuit board is mounted on the base; and a low voltage circuit, wherein the low voltage circuit is integrated in the circuit board and forms a second module together, wherein the high voltage circuit and the low voltage connection part are respectively plugged into the circuit board and are electrically connected to the low voltage circuit. The power distribution device according to the embodiment of the present invention has the advantages of simple and compact structure, high space utilization, small size, light weight, low cost, high versatility and high production efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of vehicle technology, and in particular to a power distribution device, a battery pack and a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] The distribution box in the related technology usually includes a high-voltage circuit, a low-voltage circuit, a high-voltage connector and a low-voltage connector. The high-voltage circuit usually also includes a variety of components, such as relays, fuses, HVSU (High voltage superviseunit, high-voltage monitoring unit), etc. The low-voltage circuit also includes a variety of components. In this way, there are many connecting copper bars or wiring harnesses between the components in the distribution box, resulting in a chaotic layout, large space occupation, low space utilization, high cost, heavy weight, large volume, cumbersome installation steps, and low production efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, one object of the present invention is to provide a power distribution device, which has the advantages of simple and compact structure, high space utilization, small size, light weight, low cost, versatility and high production efficiency.

[0004] The present invention also provides a battery pack having the above power distribution device.

[0005] The present invention also provides a vehicle having the battery pack.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, a power distribution device is proposed according to a first aspect of the present invention, comprising: a base, the base is configured with an interface area, and the interface area is fixed with a high-voltage connection part and a low-voltage connection part; a high-voltage circuit, at least a part of the high-voltage circuit is assembled on the base, the high-voltage circuit is overlapped with the high-voltage connection part to be electrically connected, the high-voltage circuit has a battery positive connection terminal and a battery negative connection terminal, and the connected components in the high-voltage circuit are electrically connected by overlapping, the high-voltage circuit includes a main disconnect switch core, the main disconnect switch core is fixed to the base and together form a first module; a circuit board, the circuit board is installed on the base; a low-voltage circuit, the low-voltage circuit is integrated in the circuit board and together form a second module, the high-voltage circuit and the low-voltage connection part are respectively plugged into the circuit board and electrically connected with the low-voltage circuit.

[0007] The power distribution device according to the embodiment of the present invention has the advantages of simple and compact structure, high space utilization, small size, light weight, low cost, versatility and high production efficiency.

[0008] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the high-voltage circuit further comprises: a circuit protector, which is assembled on the base as a third module and is overlapped with the main disconnect switch core to be electrically connected.

[0009] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the main disconnect switch core is multiple and includes at least: a main positive disconnect switch core, one end terminal of the circuit protector forms the battery positive connection terminal, and the other end terminal of the circuit protector is overlapped with one end terminal of the main positive disconnect switch core to be electrically connected; a main negative disconnect switch core, the other end terminal of the main positive disconnect switch core and one end terminal of the main negative disconnect switch core are respectively overlapped with the high-voltage connection part to be electrically connected.

[0010] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the main positive disconnect switch core has a main positive low-voltage positive electrode connecting plate and a main positive low-voltage negative electrode connecting plate, and the main positive low-voltage positive electrode connecting plate and the main positive low-voltage negative electrode connecting plate are plugged into the circuit board and are electrically connected to the low-voltage circuit; the main negative disconnect switch core has a main negative low-voltage positive electrode connecting plate and a main negative low-voltage negative electrode connecting plate, and the main negative low-voltage positive electrode connecting plate and the main negative low-voltage negative electrode connecting plate are plugged into the circuit board to be electrically connected to the low-voltage circuit.

[0011] According to some embodiments of the present invention, a positive voltage collection piece is overlapped at the joint between the other end terminal of the main positive disconnect switch core and the high voltage connection part, and the positive voltage collection piece is plugged into the circuit board and is electrically connected to the low voltage circuit; a negative voltage collection piece is overlapped at the joint between the one end terminal of the main negative disconnect switch core and the high voltage connection part, and the negative voltage collection piece is plugged into the circuit board and is electrically connected to the low voltage circuit.

[0012] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the high-voltage circuit further includes: a negative electrode connector, one end terminal of the negative electrode connector forms the negative electrode connection terminal of the battery, and the other end terminal of the negative electrode connector is overlapped with the other end terminal of the main negative disconnect switch core to be electrically connected.

[0013] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the negative electrode connector is a current sensor, and the current sensor is connected to a current collection needle, and the current collection needle is plugged into the circuit board and electrically connected to the low-voltage circuit.

[0014] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the circuit protector, the main positive disconnect switch core, the main negative disconnect switch core and the negative pole connector are arranged in sequence along the length direction of the base; the low voltage connection part and the negative pole connector are arranged along the width direction of the base.

[0015] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the high-voltage circuit also includes: a pre-charging circuit, a portion of which is integrated with the circuit board, the pre-charging circuit including a pre-charging resistor and a pre-sufficient disconnect switch, the pre-charging resistor is assembled on the base as a fourth module and plugged into the circuit board to be electrically connected with the portion of the pre-charging circuit integrated on the circuit board, the pre-sufficient disconnect switch is plugged into the circuit board to be electrically connected with the low-voltage circuit, the pre-charging resistor and the pre-sufficient disconnect switch are connected in series with each other and in parallel with the positive main disconnect switch core, wherein the pre-sufficient disconnect switch is assembled on the base as a fifth module or the pre-sufficient disconnect switch is fixed to the base and forms the first module together with the base and the main disconnect switch.

[0016] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the pre-charging circuit further includes: a pre-charging connecting piece, one end of which is overlapped at the overlap between the other end terminal of the circuit protector and the one end terminal of the main positive disconnect switch core, and the other end of the pre-charging connecting piece is plugged into the circuit board and electrically connected to the part of the pre-charging circuit integrated on the circuit board.

[0017] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the pre-charge disconnect switch has a pre-charge high-voltage positive electrode connecting piece, a pre-charge high-voltage negative electrode connecting piece, a pre-charge low-voltage positive electrode connecting piece and a pre-charge low-voltage negative electrode connecting piece, the pre-charge low-voltage positive electrode connecting piece and the pre-charge low-voltage negative electrode connecting piece are respectively plugged into the circuit board to be electrically connected with the low-voltage circuit, and the pre-charge high-voltage positive electrode connecting piece and the pre-charge high-voltage negative electrode connecting piece are respectively plugged into the circuit board to be electrically connected with the part of the pre-charge circuit integrated on the circuit board.

[0018] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the pre-charging resistor has a resistor high-voltage connecting piece, the circuit protector and the pre-charging resistor are electrically connected through contact, and the resistor high-voltage connecting piece is plugged into the circuit board to be electrically connected with the part of the pre-charging circuit integrated on the circuit board; or the pre-charging resistor has a resistor high-voltage positive connecting piece and a resistor high-voltage negative connecting piece, and the resistor high-voltage positive connecting piece and the resistor high-voltage negative connecting piece are plugged into the circuit board to be electrically connected with the part of the pre-charging circuit integrated on the circuit board.

[0019] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the pre-full-charge disconnect switch, the pre-charge resistor, the main positive disconnect switch core, the main negative disconnect switch core and the low-voltage connection part are arranged in sequence along the length direction of the base; the pre-full-charge disconnect switch, the pre-charge resistor and the circuit protector are arranged along the width direction of the base.

[0020] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the high-voltage connecting part includes: a high-voltage positive lead-out piece, which is mounted on the interface area of ​​the base and overlapped with the other end terminal of the main positive disconnect switch core to be electrically connected; a high-voltage negative lead-out piece, which is mounted on the interface area of ​​the base and overlapped with the one end terminal of the main negative disconnect switch core to be electrically connected.

[0021] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the battery positive connection terminal and the battery negative connection terminal are respectively suitable for being electrically connected to a power source by riveting; the components connected in the high-voltage circuit are overlapped and welded to each other; the high-voltage circuit and the low-voltage connection part are respectively plugged into the circuit board and welded to the circuit board.

[0022] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the base is configured with at least one accommodating cavity for accommodating components in the high-voltage circuit, and at least one of the accommodating cavities is filled with sealant to fix the components in the accommodating cavity.

[0023] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the base is provided with a sealing ring, and the sealing ring is arranged around the interface area.

[0024] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the circuit board is located on one side of the base in the thickness direction, and the interface area is located on the other side of the base in the thickness direction.

[0025] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the base is an insulating member.

[0026] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the base includes: a base body, on which at least a portion of the high-voltage circuit is assembled, and on which the circuit board is installed; and a panel, which is connected to the base body and on which the interface area is formed.

[0027] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the base and the panel are an integral part or separate parts.

[0028] According to a second aspect of the present invention, a battery pack is provided, comprising: a housing; a power distribution device according to the first aspect of the present invention, the power distribution device being arranged in the housing, the high voltage connection part and the low voltage connection part being exposed from the housing; a battery module, the battery module being arranged in the housing and being electrically connected to the battery positive connection terminal and the battery negative connection terminal, respectively.

[0029] The battery pack according to the second embodiment of the present invention, by utilizing the power distribution device of the first embodiment of the present invention, has the advantages of simple and compact structure, high space utilization, small size, light weight, low cost, versatility and high production efficiency.

[0030] According to a third aspect of the present invention, a vehicle is provided, comprising a battery pack according to the second aspect of the present invention.

[0031] The vehicle according to the third aspect of the present invention, by utilizing the battery pack of the second aspect of the present invention, has the advantages of simple and compact structure, high space utilization, small size, light weight, low cost, versatility and high production efficiency.

[0032] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be given in part in the following description and in part will be obvious from the following description, or will be learned through practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and easily understood from the description of the embodiments in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

[0034] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a power distribution device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 2 is a structural schematic diagram of a power distribution device according to an embodiment of the present invention from another perspective.

[0036] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of a power distribution device according to an embodiment of the present invention from another perspective.

[0037] Figure 4 is an exploded diagram of a power distribution device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of a power distribution device according to an embodiment of the present invention when a high voltage circuit, a positive voltage collection sheet, a negative voltage collection sheet and a circuit protector are not riveted together.

[0039] Figure 6 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the interface area of ​​the power distribution device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the connection between the circuit board and the high-voltage circuit, the pre-charging circuit and the low-voltage connection part of the power distribution device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 8 It is a connection diagram from another perspective of the circuit board, the high-voltage circuit, the pre-charging circuit and the low-voltage connection part of the power distribution device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0042] Fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a circuit board of a power distribution device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0043] Fig.10Schematic diagram of the structure of a circuit protector for a power distribution device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0044] Fig.11 Schematic diagram of a circuit principle of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0045] Fig.12 is a schematic structural diagram of a power distribution device according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0046] Reference numerals:

[0047] Power distribution device 1, first module 101, second module 102, third module 103, fourth module 104, fifth module 105, battery pack 2,

[0048] Base 100, interface area 110, high pressure connection part 111, low pressure connection part 112, accommodating cavity 120, sealing ring 130, base body 140, panel 150,

[0049] High voltage circuit 200, battery positive electrode connection terminal 210, battery negative electrode connection terminal 220,

[0050] Main disconnect switch core 230, main positive disconnect switch core 231, main positive low voltage positive electrode connecting piece 231a, main positive low voltage negative electrode connecting piece 231b, main negative disconnect switch core 232, main negative low voltage positive electrode connecting piece 232a, main negative low voltage negative electrode connecting piece 232b,

[0051] Circuit protector 240, positive voltage collection sheet 250, negative voltage collection sheet 260, negative connection piece 270, current collection needle 271,

[0052] Pre-charge circuit 280, pre-charge resistor 281, pre-charge disconnect switch 282, pre-charge connection piece 283, pre-charge high-voltage positive connection piece 284, pre-charge high-voltage negative connection piece 285, pre-charge low-voltage positive connection piece 286, pre-charge low-voltage negative connection piece 287, resistor high-voltage connection piece 288, resistor high-voltage positive connection piece 289a, resistor high-voltage negative connection piece 289b,

[0053] Circuit board 300 , low voltage circuit 310 , battery module 400 . DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0054] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and cannot be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0055] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0056] In the description of the present invention, "plurality" means two or more than two, and "several" means one or more.

[0057] A battery pack 2 according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The battery pack 2 includes a housing, a battery module 400 and a power distribution device 1 .

[0058] First, a power distribution device 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

[0059] like Figure 1-Figure 12 As shown, the power distribution device 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention includes a base 100 , a high-voltage circuit 200 , a circuit board 300 and a low-voltage circuit 310 .

[0060] The base 100 is configured with an interface area 110, and a high-voltage connection part 111 and a low-voltage connection part 112 are fixed to the interface area 110. At least a portion of the high-voltage circuit 200 is assembled on the base 100. The high-voltage circuit 200 is overlapped with the high-voltage connection part 111 to be electrically connected. The high-voltage circuit 200 has a battery positive electrode connection terminal 210 and a battery negative electrode connection terminal 220. The connected components in the high-voltage circuit 200 are electrically connected by overlapping. The high-voltage circuit 200 includes a main disconnect switch core 230, which is fixed to the base 100 and together forms a first module 101. The circuit board 300 is installed on the base 100, and the low-voltage circuit 310 is integrated in the circuit board 300 and together forms a second module 102. The high-voltage circuit 200 and the low-voltage connection part 112 are respectively plugged into the circuit board 300 and are electrically connected to the low-voltage circuit 310.

[0061] It should be noted that, for the term "main disconnect switch core 230", the main disconnect switch may include but is not limited to one or more of a relay, an IGBT (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor), and a MOS tube (Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor, MOSFET, field effect tube). Among them, the "core" refers to the part of the main disconnect switch that mainly realizes its function, which can be understood as the functional components inside after removing its own shell, that is, the main disconnect switch core 230 can be the remaining part after removing its own shell. In addition, the circuit board 300 can be integrated with a battery management controller (Battery Management Controller, BMC).

[0062] In the battery pack 2 of the embodiment of the present invention, the power distribution device 1 is arranged in the housing, the high voltage connection part 111 and the low voltage connection part 112 are exposed from the housing, and the battery module 400 is arranged in the housing and is respectively electrically connected to the battery positive electrode connection terminal 210 and the battery negative electrode connection terminal 220. Among them, the high voltage connection part 111 and the low voltage connection part 112 are exposed from the housing so as to be connected to the electrical components of the vehicle (such as the motor, the air conditioning compressor, the PTC (Positive Temperature Coefficient), etc.).

[0063] For example, the high-voltage circuit 200 and the low-voltage circuit 310 are not directly connected, but a transformer structure (i.e., a structure that can change the voltage) is connected between the high-voltage circuit 200 and the low-voltage circuit 310. For example, a transformer is connected between the high-voltage circuit 200 and the low-voltage circuit 310. Through the setting of the above-mentioned transformer structure, it can be ensured that the voltage of the current in the low-voltage circuit 310 is lower than the voltage of the current in the high-voltage circuit 200, and the battery module 400 can supply power to the low-voltage circuit 310 through the high-voltage circuit 200 and the transformer structure to achieve normal operation of the low-voltage circuit 310.

[0064] According to the power distribution device 1 of the embodiment of the present invention, an interface area 110 is constructed on the base 100, and a high-voltage connection part 111 and a low-voltage connection part 112 are fixed on the interface area 110. The high-voltage connection part 111 and the low-voltage connection part 112 are exposed from the shell, and the high-voltage connection part 111 can realize power supply to the high-voltage electrical components of the vehicle, and the low-voltage connection part 112 can include a communication pin for communicating with the controller of the vehicle to realize real-time control of the power distribution device 1, and the low-voltage connection part 112 can also include a low-voltage plug for powering the low-voltage electrical components of the vehicle. In addition, the base 100 can fix the relative positions of the high-voltage connection part 111 and the low-voltage connection part 112 and the base 100, so as to avoid contact between the high-voltage connection part 111 and the low-voltage connection part 112, and ensure the safety of the electrical connection of the power distribution device 1. Among them, the high-voltage connection part 111, the low-voltage connection part 112 and the base 100 can be designed separately to enhance the connection flexibility.

[0065] Since the main disconnect switch core 230 is directly used and the base 100 is used to fix and protect the main disconnect switch core 230, the original housing of the existing disconnect switch is omitted, the structure is simple and more compact, and the low-voltage circuit 310 is further integrated into the circuit board 300, creating a prerequisite for eliminating a large number of copper bars and wiring harnesses inside the power distribution device 1. On this basis, combined with other settings of the power distribution device 1, the existing copper bars and wiring harnesses are omitted while achieving stable electrical connection. Specifically:

[0066] Firstly, since the main disconnect switch core 230 is directly fixed by the base 100, the main disconnect switch core 230 can have a sufficiently long lead-out portion while saving space, so that the high-voltage circuit 200 and the high-voltage connection part 111 can be overlapped to be electrically connected, and the connected components in the high-voltage circuit 200 can be electrically connected by overlapping, that is, the components that need to be connected in the high-voltage circuit 200 and the high-voltage circuit 200 and the high-voltage connection part 111 are partially overlapped and stacked, so as to achieve overlapping of the two, and electrical connection is achieved through such overlapping, so that the intermediate connector in the existing high-voltage circuit and the intermediate connector between the high-voltage circuit and the high-voltage connection part, that is, the copper bus and wiring harness of the high-voltage part, etc. can be omitted;

[0067] Furthermore, since the main disconnect switch core 230 can have a sufficiently long lead-out portion and the low-voltage circuit 310 is integrated in the circuit board 300, the high-voltage circuit 200 and the low-voltage connection portion 112 can be respectively plugged into the circuit board 300 and electrically connected to the low-voltage circuit 310, that is, the high-voltage circuit 200 and the low-voltage connection portion 112 can be directly plugged into the circuit board 300, thereby realizing the connection between the high-voltage circuit 200 and the low-voltage circuit 310 and the connection between the low-voltage connection portion 112 and the low-voltage circuit 310. The low-voltage circuit 310 on the circuit board 300 can control the on and off of the main disconnect switch core 230, thereby eliminating the existing intermediate connectors of the high and low voltage connections and the intermediate connectors between the low-voltage circuit and the low-voltage connection portion, that is, the copper bus and wiring harness of the low-voltage part.

[0068] As a result, the electrical connection between the components of the high-voltage circuit 200 itself and between the high-voltage circuit 200 and the high-voltage connection part 111 is more reliable, and the layout is clear, and it is not easy to have problems such as excessive temperature rise or sintering at the connection. The battery module 400 can supply power to the high-voltage circuit 200 through the battery positive connection terminal 210 and the battery negative connection terminal 220, and the high-voltage circuit 200 can supply power to the high-voltage electrical devices on the vehicle through the high-voltage connection part 111. By eliminating a large number of copper bars and wiring harnesses in the existing distribution device, the layout of the electrical connection in the distribution device 1 can be further simplified, thereby further reducing the volume of the distribution device 1, improving the space utilization of the distribution device 1, and reducing the weight and cost of the distribution device 1, so as to further save space for the battery pack 2, improve the energy density of the battery pack 2, and improve the endurance of the whole vehicle. Furthermore, the base 100 can fix the relative positions of the high voltage connection part 111 , the low voltage connection part 112 , the high voltage loop 200 and the circuit board 300 , thereby improving the reliability of the electrical connection between the high voltage loop 200 and the low voltage connection part 112 and the circuit board 300 .

[0069] In addition, the main disconnect switch core 230 is fixed to the base 100 and together forms the first module 101, the circuit board 300 is installed on the base 100, and the low-voltage circuit 310 is integrated in the circuit board 300 and together forms the second module 102. In this way, the power distribution device 1 is assembled in a modular manner, which can easily realize automatic assembly, save process costs, design costs and labor costs, and improve production efficiency. On the other hand, it improves the space utilization of the power distribution device 1, and the power distribution device 1 is smaller in size, lighter in weight, and more versatile, thereby saving space for the battery pack 2, increasing the energy density of the battery pack 2, and improving the endurance of the entire vehicle.

[0070] As such, the power distribution device 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention has the advantages of simple and compact structure, high space utilization, small size, light weight, low cost, versatility and high production efficiency.

[0071] The battery pack 2 according to the embodiment of the present invention is assembled in a modular manner by utilizing the power distribution device 1 of the above embodiment of the present invention, and has the advantages of small size, light weight, low cost, versatility and high production efficiency.

[0072] According to some specific embodiments of the present invention, Figure 1-Figure 3 As shown, the high-voltage circuit 200 also includes a circuit protector 240, which is assembled on the base 100 as the third module 103 and overlapped with the main disconnect switch core 230 to be electrically connected. The circuit protector 240 may include but is not limited to one or more circuit protection devices such as fuses, circuit breakers, fuses, and active insurance. By setting the circuit protector 240, when the high-voltage circuit 200 has excessive current, excessive voltage, etc., the circuit protector 240 can be automatically disconnected in time to cut off the high-voltage circuit 200, thereby achieving the purpose of protecting other components in the high-voltage circuit 200.

[0073] In this way, there is no need to set a conductive structure (such as a conductive copper busbar) between the circuit protector 240 and the main disconnect switch core 230, and the space utilization rate of the distribution device 1 is higher, so the volume is smaller, the weight is lighter, and the cost is lower, which is beneficial to improve the reliability of the electrical connection between the circuit protector 240 and the main disconnect switch core 230, and is less likely to have problems such as excessive temperature rise and sintering at the connection. In addition, using the circuit protector 240 as the third module 103 further improves the modularity of the distribution device 1, further facilitates the automatic assembly of the distribution device 1, further saves process costs and labor costs, and improves production efficiency.

[0074] Furthermore, if Figure 1-Figure 3 As shown, the main disconnect switch core 230 is multiple and includes at least a main positive disconnect switch core 231 and a main negative disconnect switch core 232, one end terminal of the circuit protector 240 forms the battery positive connection terminal 210, the other end terminal of the circuit protector 240 is overlapped with one end terminal of the main positive disconnect switch core 231 to be electrically connected, and the other end terminal of the main positive disconnect switch core 231 and one end terminal of the main negative disconnect switch core 232 are respectively overlapped with the high-voltage connection part 111 to be electrically connected.

[0075] Among them, the main positive disconnect switch core 231 may include but is not limited to one or more of the core of a relay (i.e., the relay does not need to be provided with a housing), the core of an IGBT (i.e., the IGBT does not need to be provided with a housing), and the core of a MOS tube (i.e., the MOS tube does not need to be provided with a housing). The main negative disconnect switch core 232 may include but is not limited to one or more of the core of a relay (i.e., the relay does not need to be provided with a housing), the core of an IGBT (i.e., the IGBT does not need to be provided with a housing), and the core of a MOS tube (i.e., the MOS tube does not need to be provided with a housing).

[0076] It should be noted that the circuit board 300 can control the on / off of the main positive disconnect switch core 231 and the on / off of the main negative disconnect switch core 232 through the integrated low-voltage circuit 310 .

[0077] For example, the main positive disconnect switch core 231 can control whether the high-voltage connection part 111 is connected to the battery positive connection terminal 210, and there is no need to set a conductive structure (such as a conductive copper busbar or a wire) between the main positive disconnect switch core 231 and the circuit protector 240, and there is no need to set a conductive structure (such as a conductive copper busbar or a wire) between the main positive disconnect switch core 231 and the high-voltage connection part 111. The electrical connection structure of the main positive disconnect switch core 231 is simplified, the electrical connection is reliable, the layout is simple, and it is not easy to have problems such as excessive temperature rise or sintering at the connection.

[0078] The main negative disconnect switch core 232 can control whether the high-voltage connection part 111 is connected to the battery negative connection terminal 220, and there is no need to set a conductive structure (such as a conductive copper bus or wire) between the main negative disconnect switch core 232 and the high-voltage connection part 111, which simplifies the electrical connection structure of the main negative disconnect switch core 232, makes the electrical connection reliable, and has a simple layout, and is not prone to problems such as excessive temperature rise or sintering at the connection.

[0079] When the main positive disconnect switch core 231 and the main negative disconnect switch core 232 are both kept closed, the electrical conduction of the high-voltage circuit 200 can be achieved, and the battery module 400 can supply power to the high-voltage electrical components of the vehicle through the high-voltage connection portion 111. Since the voltage of the current in the high-voltage circuit 200 is relatively high, by providing two switches, the main positive disconnect switch core 231 and the main negative disconnect switch core 232, and making the on-off between the main positive disconnect switch core 231 and the main negative disconnect switch core 232 not interfere with each other, the high-voltage circuit 200 can be cut off very reliably, the safety of the high-voltage circuit 200 is improved, and the safety of the power supply to the high-voltage electrical components of the vehicle is ensured.

[0080] Furthermore, if Figure 1 and Figure 8 As shown, the main positive disconnect switch core 231 has a main positive low-voltage positive electrode connecting piece 231a and a main positive low-voltage negative electrode connecting piece 231b, which are plugged into the circuit board 300 and electrically connected to the low-voltage circuit 310. The main negative disconnect switch core 232 has a main negative low-voltage positive electrode connecting piece 232a and a main negative low-voltage negative electrode connecting piece 232b, which are plugged into the circuit board 300 and electrically connected to the low-voltage circuit 310.

[0081] In this way, the main positive disconnect switch core 231 and the main negative disconnect switch core 232 are electrically connected to the low-voltage circuit 310 on the circuit board 300, so that the low-voltage circuit 310 on the circuit board 300 can be used to control the on and off of the main positive disconnect switch core 231 and the on and off of the main negative disconnect switch core 232. In addition, the main positive disconnect switch core 231 is directly connected to the circuit board 300 in a plug-in manner through the main positive low-voltage positive electrode connecting piece 231a and the main positive low-voltage negative electrode connecting piece 231b, which can omit the conductive structure (such as a conductive copper bus or wire) between the main positive disconnect switch core 231 and the circuit board 300, ensure reliable electrical connection between the main positive disconnect switch core 231 and the circuit board 300, and also help to reduce the volume of the power distribution device 1, reduce costs and weight.

[0082] In addition, the main negative disconnect switch core 232 is directly connected to the circuit board 300 in a plug-in manner through the main negative low-voltage positive connecting plate 232a and the main negative low-voltage negative connecting plate 232b, which can omit the conductive structure (such as a conductive copper bus or wire) between the main negative disconnect switch core 232 and the circuit board 300, thereby ensuring a reliable electrical connection between the main negative disconnect switch core 232 and the circuit board 300, and is also beneficial to reducing the volume of the power distribution device 1, and reducing costs and weight.

[0083] Alternatively, if Figure 1 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, a positive voltage collection piece 250 is overlapped at the joint between the other end terminal of the main positive disconnect switch core 231 and the high voltage connection part 111. The positive voltage collection piece 250 is plugged into the circuit board 300 and is electrically connected to the low voltage circuit 310. A negative voltage collection piece 260 is overlapped at the joint between one end terminal of the main negative disconnect switch core 232 and the high voltage connection part 111. The negative voltage collection piece 260 is plugged into the circuit board 300 and is electrically connected to the low voltage circuit 310.

[0084] In this way, the circuit board 300 can collect the voltage of the high-voltage circuit 200 through the positive voltage collection piece 250 and the negative voltage collection piece 260, and then monitor the voltage of the high-voltage circuit 200 and whether it is sintered, which is conducive to the reliable application of the distribution device 1 and improves the safety of the distribution device 1.

[0085] In some optional embodiments of the present invention, Figure 1-Figure 3 As shown, the high-voltage circuit 200 also includes a negative electrode connector 270, one end terminal of the negative electrode connector 270 forms the battery negative electrode connection terminal 220, and the other end terminal of the negative electrode connector 270 is overlapped with the other end terminal of the main negative disconnect switch core 232 to be electrically connected.

[0086] In this way, by setting the negative electrode connector 270, not only can the battery negative electrode connection terminal 220 be formed to achieve effective connection between the high-voltage circuit 200 and the battery module 400, but also there is no need to set a conductive structure (such as a conductive copper bus or wire) between the negative electrode connector 270 and the main negative disconnect switch core 232, thereby ensuring the safety of the electrical connection of the distribution device 1, and improving the space utilization of the distribution device 1, reducing the volume of the distribution device 1, and reducing the weight and cost of the distribution device 1.

[0087] Furthermore, if Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the negative electrode connector 270 is a current sensor, and the current sensor is connected to a current collection pin 271, which is plugged into the circuit board 300 and electrically connected to the low voltage circuit 310. The current sensor can be used as a high voltage monitoring unit (HVSU).

[0088] In this way, the circuit board 300 can collect the current of the low-voltage circuit 310 through the current sensor, thereby ensuring the current stability of the low-voltage circuit 310, which is conducive to the reliable use of the power distribution device 1. Among them, the current sensor can be a shunt. In addition, the current collection needle 271 is plugged into the circuit board 300 and is electrically connected to the low-voltage circuit 310, so that there is no need to set up additional copper bars or wiring harnesses.

[0089] For example, Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, the circuit protector 240, the main positive disconnect switch core 231, the main negative disconnect switch core 232 and the negative electrode connector 270 are arranged in sequence along the length direction of the base 100, which facilitates the overlap between multiple components in the high-voltage circuit 200 and is conducive to omitting conductive structures (such as conductive copper busbars or wires), thereby improving the space utilization rate of the distribution device 1, reducing the volume of the distribution device 1, reducing the cost and weight, ensuring the reliability of the electrical connection, and avoiding damage to the high-voltage circuit 200. Moreover, the high-voltage circuit 200 is mainly arranged along the length direction of the base 100, which can more effectively utilize the space of the base 100.

[0090] Furthermore, the low-voltage connection part 112 and the negative electrode connector 270 are arranged along the width direction of the base 100, so that the low-voltage connection part 112 and the high-voltage circuit do not need to be arranged further along the length direction of the base 100, which can reduce the length of the distribution device 1, further improve the space utilization of the distribution device 1, and reduce the weight and cost of the distribution device 1.

[0091] In some optional embodiments of the present invention, Figure 4 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 and Fig.11 As shown, the high-voltage circuit 200 also includes a pre-charging circuit 280, a part of which is integrated on the circuit board 300, and the pre-charging circuit 280 includes a pre-charging resistor 281 and a pre-sufficient disconnect switch 282. The pre-charging resistor 281 is assembled on the base 100 as a fourth module 104 and plugged into the circuit board 300 to be electrically connected with the part of the pre-charging circuit 280 integrated on the circuit board 300, and the pre-sufficient disconnect switch 282 is plugged into the circuit board 300 to be electrically connected with the low-voltage circuit 310. The pre-charging resistor 281 and the pre-sufficient disconnect switch 282 are connected in series with each other and in parallel with the positive main disconnect switch core 230, wherein the pre-sufficient disconnect switch 282 is assembled on the base 100 as a fifth module 105 or the pre-sufficient disconnect switch 282 is fixed to the base 100 and forms the first module 101 together with the base 100 and the main disconnect switch.

[0092] The pre-charging resistor 281 and the pre-sufficient disconnect switch 282 are connected in series, and the pre-charging resistor 281 and the pre-sufficient disconnect switch 282 are connected in series and in parallel with the main disconnect switch core 230. In addition, the pre-sufficient disconnect switch 282 is directly connected to the low-voltage circuit 310, that is, there is no need to set a transformer structure between the pre-sufficient disconnect switch 282 and the low-voltage circuit 310.

[0093] By providing the pre-charging circuit 280, the battery module 400 and the main disconnect switch core 230 can be prevented from being damaged, thereby achieving the purpose of ensuring the battery module 400 and the main disconnect switch core 230, and the circuit board 300 can control the on and off of the pre-charging switch 282. In addition, the pre-charging switch 282 can be directly fixed to the base 100, without the need to provide a separate housing for the pre-charging switch 282, which can reduce the volume of the power distribution device 1, and reduce the weight and cost of the power distribution device 1.

[0094] In addition, by using the pre-charging resistor 281 as the fourth module 104 and the pre-charging disconnect switch 282 as the fifth module 105 alone or integrated into the first module 101, the modularization degree of the distribution device 1 can be further improved. On the one hand, it can be more conducive to realizing automated assembly, saving process costs, design costs and labor costs, and improving production efficiency. On the other hand, the space utilization rate of the distribution device 1 is further improved. The distribution device 1 has a smaller size, lighter weight, and higher versatility, thereby saving space for the battery pack 2, improving the energy density of the battery pack 2, and improving the endurance of the entire vehicle.

[0095] In addition, the pre-charging resistor 281 and the pre-charging disconnect switch 282 are both plugged into the circuit board 300, and there is no need to set a conductive structure (such as a conductive copper bus or wire) between the two and the circuit board 300, which can simplify the layout of the distribution device 1, reduce the volume of the distribution device 1, and improve the space utilization of the distribution device 1.

[0096] Among them, the pre-charging resistor 281 can be a thermistor. The thermistor is applied to the pre-charging circuit 280. The pre-charging circuit 280 has a simple structure, a small size, and is easy to integrate with other components. It has a certain protection capability against pre-charging overheating and has good adaptability to the working environment and resistance range.

[0097] For example, the resistance of a thermistor is sensitive to temperature. When the temperature rises above the temperature transition point (Curie temperature), the resistance of the thermistor increases in a step-wise manner. When the thermistor is used in the pre-charge circuit 280, it is only necessary to consider its normal operating resistance range (the resistance between the minimum resistance and the Curie temperature). The resistance range and energy tolerance range of the thermistor can be calculated based on the voltage, load capacitance, pre-charge completion pressure difference, and pre-charge time.

[0098] The minimum resistance of the thermistor is calculated as follows: Rmin ≥ tmin / (C * ln (UB / UB-Ut)), and the maximum resistance of the thermistor is calculated as follows: Rmax ≤ tmax / (C * ln (UB / UB-Ut)). Among them, tmin is the minimum pre-charge time, tmax is the maximum pre-charge time, Rmin is the minimum resistance of the thermistor, Rmax is the maximum resistance of the thermistor, C is the capacitance of the capacitive load, Ut is the corresponding capacitive load terminal voltage during the pre-charge process, and UB is the voltage of the battery module 400.

[0099] After calculating the resistance range of the thermistor, the temperature resistance characteristic curve of the selected thermistor is used for calibration. Within a certain temperature range, such as -60°C to 130°C, the maximum and minimum values ​​of the thermistor's corresponding resistance within this temperature range are selected for pre-charge time calibration.

[0100] During the pre-charging process of the thermistor, the pre-charging circuit 280 releases the maximum energy to the thermistor. The calculation method is: Ech=1 / 2CU2. The energy that a single thermistor needs to absorb when the temperature rises from the maximum operating environment temperature Tamax to the Curie temperature TC is Eth: Eth=Cth*(Tc-Tamax), where Cth is the thermal capacity of the thermistor (i.e., the energy required to supply the thermistor body to increase its temperature by 1K, in joules).

[0101] Thermistors should maintain a low resistance state under normal use conditions, otherwise the charging time will be affected. If the energy of the charging circuit is greater than the energy that a single thermistor can withstand, multiple thermistors can be connected in series or in parallel to decompose the energy, increasing the circuit's voltage resistance and energy tolerance, that is, n*§*Eth≥Ech, § is a safety reserve, generally 0.7 to 0.9, and n is the number of thermistors used. The number of thermistors used obtained by this calculation method meets the requirements and can reduce costs.

[0102] In some embodiments of the present invention, the resistance range of a single thermistor can be 20Ω to 200Ω, the operating environment temperature range is -60°C to 130°C, and the single withstand voltage capability can be 450VDC and below or 1000VDC and below.

[0103] The following example uses the voltage of 400VDC, the capacitive load capacitance of 800μf, and the response time of less than 1.5 seconds when the charging voltage difference is 98%. The parameters of a single thermistor are resistance of 70Ω, withstand voltage of 500VDC, Curie temperature of 125℃, resistance range of the thermistor in the range of -60℃ to 125℃ is 56Ω to 112Ω, and heat capacity of 2.5J / K. The number of thermistors to be used can be initially selected by referring to the following method:

[0104]

[0105] According to the above formula, the pre-charge is completed within 180ms to 360ms, the safety margin can be selected as 0.8, the maximum ambient temperature is 90°C, the energy required for the thermistor's own temperature to reach the Curie temperature is 70J, and the circuit energy is 64J, that is, a single thermistor meets the requirements and meets the expected conditions.

[0106] The above description is only for describing a certain embodiment of the present invention, and is intended to further illustrate the feasibility of practical application, but is not intended to limit the patent scope of the present invention.

[0107] Furthermore, if Figure 4 As shown, the pre-filling circuit 280 also includes a pre-filling connecting piece 283, one end of which is overlapped at the overlap between the other end terminal of the circuit protector 240 and the one end terminal of the main positive disconnect switch core 231, and the other end of the pre-filling connecting piece 283 is plugged into the circuit board 300 and is electrically connected to the part of the pre-filling circuit 280 integrated on the circuit board 300.

[0108] By setting the pre-charging connecting piece 283, the parallel connection between the pre-charging circuit 280 and the main positive disconnect switch core 231 can be achieved, and it can also be used to detect the voltage of the pre-charging circuit 280. The pre-charging connecting piece 283 is electrically connected by overlapping and plugging. There is no need to set a conductive structure (such as a conductive copper bus or a wire) between the pre-charging connecting piece 283 and the circuit board 300, and there is no need to set a conductive structure (such as a conductive copper bus or a wire) between the overlapping point between the other end terminal of the circuit protector 240 and one end terminal of the main positive disconnect switch core 231 and the pre-charging connecting piece 283. This can simplify the layout of the distribution device 1, reduce the volume of the distribution device 1, and improve the space utilization rate of the distribution device 1.

[0109] Specifically, the pre-charge disconnect switch 282 has a pre-charge high-voltage positive electrode connecting piece 284, a pre-charge high-voltage negative electrode connecting piece 285, a pre-charge low-voltage positive electrode connecting piece 286 and a pre-charge low-voltage negative electrode connecting piece 287. The pre-charge low-voltage positive electrode connecting piece 286 and the pre-charge low-voltage negative electrode connecting piece 287 are respectively plugged into the circuit board 300 to be electrically connected with the low-voltage circuit 310, and the pre-charge high-voltage positive electrode connecting piece 284 and the pre-charge high-voltage negative electrode connecting piece 285 are respectively plugged into the circuit board 300 to be electrically connected with the part of the pre-charge circuit 280 integrated on the circuit board 300.

[0110] Thus, the low-voltage circuit 300 can control the on and off of the pre-charged disconnect switch 190, and the intermediate connector between the existing pre-charged disconnect switch and the circuit board, that is, the copper bus and wiring harness of the pre-charged part, etc., can be omitted. The electrical connection between the pre-charged disconnect switch 190 and the circuit board 300 is more reliable and has a clear layout, and is not prone to problems such as excessive temperature rise or sintering at the connection. It also further simplifies the layout of the electrical connections in the distribution device 1, thereby further reducing the volume of the distribution device 1, improving the space utilization of the distribution device 1, and reducing the weight and cost of the distribution device 1, so as to further save space for the battery pack 2, improve the energy density of the battery pack 2, and improve the endurance of the entire vehicle.

[0111] In some embodiments of the present invention, Figure 2 As shown, the pre-charging resistor 281 has a resistor high-voltage connecting piece 288, and the circuit protector 240 and the pre-charging resistor 281 are electrically connected through contact, for example, the circuit protector 240 and the pre-charging resistor 281 are electrically connected through a buckle. The resistor high-voltage connecting piece 288 is plugged into the circuit board 300 to be electrically connected to the part of the pre-charging circuit 270 integrated on the circuit board 300.

[0112] In some embodiments of the present invention, Fig.12 As shown, the pre-charging resistor 281 has a resistor high voltage positive electrode connecting piece 289a and a resistor high voltage negative electrode connecting piece 289b, which are plugged into the circuit board 300 to be electrically connected with the part of the pre-charging circuit 270 integrated on the circuit board 300. At this time, there is no need to connect the pre-charging resistor 281 and the circuit protector 240, and it is only necessary to mechanically connect the pre-charging resistor 281 to the circuit board 300, which is easy to disassemble and process.

[0113] Optionally, the pre-sufficient disconnect switch 282, the pre-charging resistor 281, the main positive disconnect switch core 231, the main negative disconnect switch core 232 and the low-voltage connection portion 112 are arranged in sequence along the length direction of the base 100, so that the space utilization rate of the base 100 can be further improved and the circuit of the power distribution device 1 can be reliably connected. In addition, the pre-sufficient disconnect switch 282, the pre-charging resistor 281 and the circuit protector 240 are arranged along the width direction of the base 100, so that any two of the pre-sufficient disconnect switch 282, the pre-charging resistor 281 and the circuit protector 240 are staggered in the length direction of the base 100, which can reduce the length of the base 100 to a certain extent, thereby reducing the volume of the power distribution device 1.

[0114] In some optional embodiments of the present invention, the high-voltage connection part 111 includes a high-voltage positive lead-out plate and a high-voltage negative lead-out plate. The high-voltage positive lead-out plate is assembled in the interface area 110 of the base 100 and overlapped with the other end terminal of the main positive disconnect switch core 231 for electrical connection. The high-voltage negative lead-out plate is assembled in the interface area 110 of the base 100 and overlapped with one end terminal of the main negative disconnect switch core 232 for electrical connection.

[0115] By providing a high-voltage positive lead-out plate and a high-voltage negative lead-out plate, an electrical connection between the high-voltage connection part 111 and the high-voltage circuit 200 can be achieved to ensure that the high-voltage connection part 111 can supply power to the high-voltage electrical devices of the vehicle, and the high-voltage connection part 111 is electrically connected to the main disconnect switch core 230 through overlapping through the high-voltage positive lead-out plate and the high-voltage negative lead-out plate, without the need to provide a conductive structure (such as a conductive copper bus or a wire). The electrical connection between the high-voltage connection part 111 and the high-voltage circuit 200 is more reliable, and the layout of the electrical connection in the distribution device 1 can be further simplified, thereby further reducing the volume of the distribution device 1, improving the space utilization rate of the distribution device 1, and reducing the weight and cost of the distribution device 1, so as to further save space for the battery pack 2, improve the energy density of the battery pack 2, and improve the endurance of the entire vehicle.

[0116] In some optional embodiments of the present invention, Figure 1-Figure 4 As shown, the battery positive connection terminal 210 and the battery negative connection terminal 220 are respectively suitable for being electrically connected to the power module 400 by riveting (for example, pull riveting, expansion riveting, etc.), which is convenient for subsequent disassembly and maintenance. The connected components in the high-voltage circuit 200 are overlapped and welded to each other, and the high-voltage circuit 200 and the low-voltage connection part 112 are respectively plugged into the circuit board 300 and welded to the circuit board 300 (for example, laser welding, EPMT welding, ultrasonic welding, brazing, etc.).

[0117] In this way, compared with the existing connection method using bolts, the electrical connection between the battery positive terminal 210 and the battery negative terminal 220 and the power module 400 is reliable, and the reliability will not decrease with the increase in usage time or due to the shaking of the vehicle. The electrical connection between the high-voltage circuit 200 and the low-voltage connection part 112 and the circuit board 300 is also more reliable, avoiding excessive temperature rise in the distribution device 1 or sintering of the circuit connection.

[0118] In some optional embodiments of the present invention, Figure 2 and Figure 5 As shown, the base 100 is configured with at least one accommodating cavity 120 for accommodating components in the high-voltage circuit 200, and at least one accommodating cavity 120 is filled with sealant to fix the components in the accommodating cavity 120. In this way, the connection strength between the high-voltage circuit 200 and the base 100 is higher, which can prevent the components of the high-voltage circuit 200 from moving relative to the base 100, and improve the reliability of the electrical connection in the power distribution device 1.

[0119] In some optional embodiments of the present invention, Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 6 As shown, the base 100 is provided with a sealing ring 130, which is arranged around the interface area 110, wherein the sealing ring 130 is elastic and can be made of a rubber material or a silicone material. In this way, impurities such as liquid and dust in the external space will not enter the power distribution device 1 through the interface area 110, thereby improving the sealing performance of the power distribution device 1, reducing the corrosion rate of the high-voltage circuit 200, the circuit board 300 and the low-voltage circuit 310, and ensuring the reliability of the electrical connection of the power distribution device 1.

[0120] In some optional embodiments of the present invention, Figure 4 As shown, the circuit board 300 is located on one side of the base 100 in the thickness direction, and the interface area 110 is located on the other side of the base 100 in the thickness direction, so that the distance between the circuit board 300 and the interface area 110 can be increased, and the high-voltage circuit 200 and the low-voltage circuit 310 can be arranged between the circuit board 300 and the interface area 110. Both the high-voltage circuit 200 and the low-voltage circuit 310 can be conveniently connected to the circuit board 300, and can also be conveniently connected to the high-voltage connection part 111 and the low-voltage connection part 112, thereby ensuring that the distribution device 1 is conveniently arranged and small in size, which is conducive to the lightweight setting of the distribution device 1.

[0121] In some optional embodiments of the present invention, the base 100 is an insulating member, and the base 100 can be an insulating plastic, so that a short circuit between the high-voltage circuit 200, the circuit board 300, the low-voltage circuit 310 and the base 100 can be avoided, thereby improving the circuit safety of the power distribution device 1.

[0122] In some optional embodiments of the present invention, Figure 2-Figure 6 As shown, the base 100 includes a base body 140 and a panel 150, at least a portion of the high-voltage circuit 200 is assembled on the base body 140, the circuit board 300 is installed on the base body 140, the panel 150 is connected to the base body 140, and the interface area 110 is formed on the panel 150. In this way, the structural strength of the base body 140 can be ensured, and the installation of the high-voltage circuit 200 and the circuit board 300 can be ensured to be stable. In addition, the base 100 is divided into two parts, which not only facilitates the processing and manufacturing of the base body 140 and the panel 150, but also facilitates the installation of the high-voltage circuit 200, the circuit board 300 and the low-voltage circuit on the base 100.

[0123] Among them, the base 140 and the panel 150 are an integral part or a split part. It should be noted that when the base 140 and the panel 150 are an integral part, the base 140 and the panel 150 can be manufactured separately first, and then the base 140 and the panel 150 can be molded into one piece, so as to facilitate the installation of the high-voltage circuit 200, the circuit board 300 and the low-voltage circuit 310. Alternatively, the base 140 and the panel 150 are directly injection molded at one time to improve the connection strength between the base 140 and the panel 150. In this way, the setting method of the base 100 is more diverse, so as to adjust the structure of the base 100 according to different usage conditions, improve the applicability of the base 100, and the distribution device 1 can meet the needs of different usage environments.

[0124] The following describes the assembly process of the power distribution device 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention by way of example:

[0125] First, the main positive disconnect switch core 231 and the main negative disconnect switch core 232 are fixed in the base 100 by potting glue to form a first module 101;

[0126] Then, the pre-charging resistor 281 as the fourth module 104 and the pre-charging disconnect switch 282 as the fifth module 105 are mounted on the base 100;

[0127] Next, the circuit protector 240 serving as the third module 103 is placed on the base 100 and electrically connected to the pre-charging resistor 281 through a snap, the positive voltage collection piece 250, the negative voltage collection piece 260 and the negative connector 270 are fixed with bolts, the circuit board 300 is fixed on the base 100, and at the same time, each connecting piece is aligned and plugged in (such as the main positive low-voltage positive connecting piece 231a, the main positive low-voltage negative connecting piece 231b, the main negative low-voltage positive connecting piece 232a, the main negative low-voltage negative connecting piece 232b, the positive voltage collection piece 250, the negative voltage collection piece 260, the current collection needle 271, and the pre-charging connecting piece 283), and the low-voltage connecting part 112 on the circuit board 300 is inserted into the reserved hole on the base 100.

[0128] Finally, the sealing ring 130 is mounted on the base 100 .

[0129] A vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The vehicle includes a battery pack 2 according to the above-mentioned embodiment of the present invention.

[0130] The vehicle according to the embodiment of the present invention, by utilizing the battery pack 2 of the above embodiment of the present invention, has the advantages of simple and compact structure, high space utilization, small size, light weight, low cost, versatility and high production efficiency.

[0131] The power distribution device 1, the battery pack 2 and other components and operations of the vehicle according to the embodiment of the present invention are well known to those skilled in the art and will not be described in detail here.

[0132] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "specific embodiment", "specific example", etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example.

[0133] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A power distribution device, characterized in that: include: A base, wherein the base is configured with an interface area, wherein a high-pressure connection portion and a low-pressure connection portion are fixed to the interface area; A high-voltage circuit, at least a part of which is assembled on the base, the high-voltage circuit is overlapped with the high-voltage connection part to be electrically connected, the high-voltage circuit has a battery positive connection terminal and a battery negative connection terminal, the connected components in the high-voltage circuit are electrically connected by overlapping, the components that need to be connected in the high-voltage circuit and the high-voltage circuit and the high-voltage connection part are partially overlapped and stacked, so as to achieve overlapping of the two, and electrical connection is achieved through such overlapping, which can omit the intermediate connector in the high-voltage circuit and the intermediate connector between the high-voltage circuit and the high-voltage connection part, and the high-voltage circuit includes a main disconnect switch core body, which is the remaining part after removing its own shell, and the main disconnect switch core body is fixed to the base and together forms a first module; A circuit board, wherein the circuit board is mounted on the base; A low-voltage circuit, the low-voltage circuit is integrated with the circuit board and together form a second module, the high-voltage circuit and the low-voltage connecting part are respectively plugged into the circuit board and electrically connected to the low-voltage circuit, that is, the high-voltage circuit and the low-voltage connecting part are directly plugged into the circuit board, thereby realizing the connection between the high-voltage circuit and the low-voltage circuit and the connection between the low-voltage connecting part and the low-voltage circuit, and the low-voltage circuit on the circuit board can control the on and off of the main disconnect switch core.

2. The power distribution device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The high-voltage circuit also includes: A circuit protector is installed on the base as a third module and is overlapped with the main disconnect switch core to be electrically connected.

3. The power distribution device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The main disconnect switch core is multiple and at least includes: A main positive disconnect switch core, one terminal of the circuit protector forms the positive connection terminal of the battery, and the other terminal of the circuit protector is overlapped with one terminal of the main positive disconnect switch core to be electrically connected; A main negative disconnect switch core, the other end terminal of the main positive disconnect switch core and one end terminal of the main negative disconnect switch core are respectively overlapped with the high-voltage connecting part to be electrically connected.

4. The power distribution device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The main positive disconnect switch core has a main positive low-voltage positive electrode connecting piece and a main positive low-voltage negative electrode connecting piece, and the main positive low-voltage positive electrode connecting piece and the main positive low-voltage negative electrode connecting piece are plugged into the circuit board and are electrically connected to the low-voltage circuit; The main negative disconnect switch core has a main negative low-voltage positive electrode connecting piece and a main negative low-voltage negative electrode connecting piece, and the main negative low-voltage positive electrode connecting piece and the main negative low-voltage negative electrode connecting piece are plugged into the circuit board to be electrically connected with the low-voltage circuit.

5. The power distribution device according to claim 3, characterized in that: A positive voltage collection piece is overlapped at the overlap between the other end terminal of the main positive disconnect switch core and the high voltage connection part, and the positive voltage collection piece is plugged into the circuit board and is electrically connected to the low voltage circuit; A negative voltage collection piece is overlapped at the overlap between the one end terminal of the main negative disconnect switch core and the high voltage connection part. The negative voltage collection piece is plugged into the circuit board and is electrically connected to the low voltage circuit.

6. The power distribution device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The high-voltage circuit also includes: A negative electrode connector, one terminal of the negative electrode connector forms the negative electrode connection end of the battery, and the other terminal of the negative electrode connector is overlapped with the other terminal of the main negative disconnect switch core body to be electrically connected.

7. The power distribution device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The negative electrode connector is a current sensor, and the current sensor is connected to a current collection needle. The current collection needle is plugged into the circuit board and is electrically connected to the low-voltage circuit.

8. The power distribution device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The circuit protector, the main positive disconnect switch core, the main negative disconnect switch core and the negative electrode connector are arranged in sequence along the length direction of the base; The low voltage connection portion and the negative electrode connection member are arranged along a width direction of the base.

9. The power distribution device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The high-voltage circuit also includes: A pre-charging circuit, a part of which is integrated with the circuit board, the pre-charging circuit comprising a pre-charging resistor and a pre-full disconnect switch, the pre-charging resistor being mounted on the base as a fourth module and plugged into the circuit board to be electrically connected with the part of the pre-charging circuit integrated on the circuit board, the pre-full disconnect switch being plugged into the circuit board to be electrically connected with the low-voltage circuit, the pre-charging resistor and the pre-full disconnect switch being connected in series with each other and in parallel with the main positive disconnect switch core, wherein the pre-full disconnect switch is mounted on the base as a fifth module or the pre-full disconnect switch is fixed to the base and forms the first module together with the base and the main disconnect switch core.

10. The power distribution device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The pre-filling circuit also includes: A pre-charge connecting piece, one end of which is overlapped at the overlap between the other end terminal of the circuit protector and the one end terminal of the main positive disconnect switch core, and the other end of which is plugged into the circuit board and electrically connected to the part of the pre-charge circuit integrated on the circuit board.

11. The power distribution device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The pre-charge disconnect switch has a pre-charge high-voltage positive electrode connecting piece, a pre-charge high-voltage negative electrode connecting piece, a pre-charge low-voltage positive electrode connecting piece and a pre-charge low-voltage negative electrode connecting piece. The pre-charge low-voltage positive electrode connecting piece and the pre-charge low-voltage negative electrode connecting piece are respectively plugged into the circuit board to be electrically connected with the low-voltage circuit, and the pre-charge high-voltage positive electrode connecting piece and the pre-charge high-voltage negative electrode connecting piece are respectively plugged into the circuit board to be electrically connected with the part of the pre-charge circuit integrated on the circuit board.

12. The power distribution device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The pre-charging resistor has a resistor high-voltage connecting piece, the circuit protector and the pre-charging resistor are electrically connected through contact, and the resistor high-voltage connecting piece is plugged into the circuit board to be electrically connected to the part of the pre-charging circuit integrated on the circuit board; or The pre-charging resistor has a resistor high-voltage positive electrode connecting piece and a resistor high-voltage negative electrode connecting piece, and the resistor high-voltage positive electrode connecting piece and the resistor high-voltage negative electrode connecting piece are plugged into the circuit board to be electrically connected with the part of the pre-charging circuit integrated on the circuit board.

13. The power distribution device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The pre-charge disconnect switch, the pre-charge resistor, the main positive disconnect switch core, the main negative disconnect switch core and the low-voltage connection portion are arranged in sequence along the length direction of the base; The pre-charging disconnect switch, the pre-charging resistor and the circuit protector are arranged along the width direction of the base.

14. The power distribution device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The high voltage connection part comprises: A high-voltage positive lead-out piece, the high-voltage positive lead-out piece is mounted on the interface area of ​​the base and is overlapped with the other end terminal of the main positive disconnect switch core body to be electrically connected; A high-voltage negative electrode lead-out piece is mounted on the interface area of ​​the base and overlapped with the one end terminal of the main negative disconnect switch core body to be electrically connected.

15. The power distribution device according to any one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that: The battery positive electrode connection terminal and the battery negative electrode connection terminal are respectively suitable for being electrically connected to a power source by riveting; The connected components in the high-voltage circuit are overlapped and welded to each other; The high-voltage circuit and the low-voltage connection part are respectively plugged into the circuit board and welded to the circuit board.

16. The power distribution device according to any one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that: The base is configured with at least one accommodating cavity for accommodating components in the high-voltage circuit, and at least one of the accommodating cavities is filled with sealant to fix the components in the accommodating cavity.

17. The power distribution device according to any one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that: The base is provided with a sealing ring, and the sealing ring is arranged around the interface area.

18. The power distribution device according to any one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that: The circuit board is located on one side of the base in the thickness direction, and the interface area is located on the other side of the base in the thickness direction.

19. The power distribution device according to any one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that: The base is an insulating member.

20. The power distribution device according to any one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that: The base comprises: A seat body, wherein at least a portion of the high-voltage circuit is assembled on the seat body, and the circuit board is mounted on the seat body; A panel is connected to the base, and the interface area is formed on the panel.

21. The power distribution device according to claim 20, characterized in that: The seat body and the panel are an integral part or separate parts.

22. A battery pack, characterized in that: include: shell; The power distribution device according to any one of claims 1 to 21, wherein the power distribution device is arranged in the housing, and the high-voltage connection part and the low-voltage connection part are exposed from the housing; A battery module is disposed in the housing and is electrically connected to the battery positive electrode connection terminal and the battery negative electrode connection terminal respectively.

23. A vehicle, characterized in that: Comprising a battery pack according to claim 22.

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