Application of a reductive acid leaching system in leaching and recovery of waste lithium-ion battery components

Abstract

The invention discloses an application of a reductive acid leaching system in leaching and recycling of waste lithium-ion battery components, and relates to the field of recycling of lithium batteries. The application of the reductive acid leaching system provided by the invention in leaching and recycling of waste lithium-ion battery components adopts salicylic acid and salicylaldehyde as leaching acid and reducing agent respectively to construct a reductive acid leaching system, wherein salicylaldehyde can be converted into salicylic acid after reducing and leaching metals, and then replenishes the acid in the system, so that the acid leaching system can have a high leaching rate for metal elements in positive and negative electrode materials of waste lithium-ion batteries under the condition of very low salicylic acid concentration, and the salicylic acid in the system can be recycled and reused by temperature-controlled precipitation, so the reductive acid leaching system provided by the invention greatly reduces the cost of subsequent waste liquid treatment when recycling components in waste lithium batteries.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of recycling of lithium batteries, and in particular to the application of a reducing acid leaching system in leaching and recycling of waste lithium ion battery components. Background Art

[0002] Waste lithium-ion batteries contain valuable components such as copper foil (about 8wt%), aluminum foil (about 7wt%), positive electrode materials (about 25wt%), negative electrode materials (about 15wt%), battery shells (about 11wt%), as well as toxic and harmful substances that are difficult to degrade, such as diaphragms (about 4wt%) and electrolytes (about 11wt%). If waste lithium-ion batteries are not fully recycled, it will lead to a waste of resources, and easily cause environmental pollution and endanger human health.

[0003] At present, the recycling of waste lithium-ion battery components mainly focuses on the recovery of positive electrode active components. There are few existing technologies for studying the recovery of battery casings, copper foil, aluminum foil and negative electrode active components, which leads to a huge waste of resources.

[0004] The prior art discloses a method for recycling all components of waste ternary lithium battery soft packs, which utilizes inherent waste materials (copper foil and aluminum foil) in waste lithium batteries as reducing agents, and simultaneously adds dilute sulfuric acid to perform reductive acid leaching on the metal elements nickel, cobalt and manganese in the lithium batteries. However, the concentration of dilute sulfuric acid in the reductive acid leaching system provided by the prior art is as high as 2.5 mol / L, and a large amount of alkali needs to be added to neutralize the sulfuric acid used in the subsequent recovery of the waste liquid, thereby increasing the cost of waste liquid treatment. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the problem of excessively high acid concentration in the existing reductive acid leaching system, the present invention provides an application of a reductive acid leaching system in leaching and recovery of waste lithium-ion battery components. The reductive acid leaching system comprises salicylic acid and salicylaldehyde, wherein salicylaldehyde acts as a reducing agent. At the same time, after the reduction leached metal, the acid in the system can be supplemented by conversion into acid, thereby reducing the concentration of the acid used during acid leaching.

[0006] Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for leaching and recovering components of waste lithium-ion batteries.

[0007] The above-mentioned purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0008] The invention discloses an application of a reducing acid leaching system in leaching and recovering components of waste lithium-ion batteries, wherein the reducing acid leaching system is a mixed solution system of salicylic acid and salicylaldehyde, wherein the concentration of salicylaldehyde is not less than 2 vol%, and the concentration of salicylic acid is 0.01-1 mol / L.

[0009] The existing reductive acid leaching system for leaching and recovering waste lithium-ion battery components generally includes an acid and a reducing agent. This is because the high-valent metals in the battery components are difficult to be leached and need to be reduced to low-valent metal ions before they can be leached. Specifically in the present invention, the leaching acid is salicylic acid, and the reducing agent is salicylaldehyde. The reason why salicylic acid and salicylaldehyde are used to form a reductive acid leaching system is that salicylaldehyde can be oxidized when reducing the leached metal elements to replenish the acid in the system, so that the original salicylic acid concentration in the mixed solution system can be much lower than the general concentration of acid in the existing acid leaching system, which is only 0.1 to 1 mol / L. The concentration of the leaching acid in the existing reductive acid leaching system is generally not less than 1 mol / L, because it is necessary to ensure that there is enough acid in the system to fully leach the metal elements in the waste lithium battery components. The concentration of salicylic acid in the reductive acid leaching system provided by the present invention only needs to be higher than 0.01 mol / L to work together with salicylaldehyde to achieve an excellent leaching effect.

[0010] The concentration of salicylaldehyde in the mixed solution system is controlled to be not less than 2 vol% because when the amount of salicylaldehyde is too small, it is difficult to fully reduce the metal elements, resulting in a lower metal leaching rate. This is because high-valent metals are difficult to be directly leached by the leaching acid. When the high-valent metals are not reduced, no matter how high the concentration of the leaching acid is, it is difficult to increase the leaching rate of the high-valent metals. At the same time, a small amount of salicylaldehyde is oxidized and is not enough to supplement the acid in the system, which makes it impossible to reduce the acid concentration.

[0011] The reductive acid leaching system provided by the present invention has excellent leaching efficiency for metal elements such as cobalt and manganese in waste lithium battery materials because salicylaldehyde has strong reducibility and can be converted into acid by reducing metals to continuously replenish the acid in the system.

[0012] Preferably, the concentration of salicylic acid in the reducing acid leaching system is 0.1 to 0.5 mol / L.

[0013] When the concentration of salicylic acid is higher than 0.1 mol / L, the reductive acid leaching system has a better leaching effect on metal elements; at the general temperature for leaching metal elements, the solubility of salicylic acid in aqueous solution is generally below 0.5 mol / L. If the concentration of salicylic acid is further increased, the leaching temperature needs to be increased. However, under the conditions of higher salicylic acid concentration and higher leaching temperature, the degree of improvement in the leaching rate of metal elements is still low, and the energy consumption of the leaching process increases.

[0014] Preferably, the concentration of salicylaldehyde in the reducing acid leaching system is 2 to 20 vol%.

[0015] When the concentration of salicylaldehyde is greater than 20 vol%, the dosage of salicylaldehyde is too high, which will lead to stratification of the salicylaldehyde organic phase and the aqueous phase, and insufficient contact between the reducing agent and the waste lithium battery material during the leaching process, thereby reducing the metal leaching rate.

[0016] The present invention also provides a method for leaching and recovering waste lithium-ion battery components, which specifically comprises the following steps:

[0017] The waste lithium-ion batteries are crushed to separate the diaphragm debris and the positive and negative electrode mixed materials, and the positive and negative electrode mixed materials are added to the above-mentioned reducing acid leaching system for leaching to obtain a leachate containing metal elements and a filter residue, and the obtained filter residue is the negative electrode material of the waste lithium-ion batteries recovered by leaching.

[0018] Preferably, the leached and recovered waste lithium-ion battery negative electrode material is mixed with separator debris and activated under an inert gas atmosphere to obtain regenerated waste lithium-ion battery negative electrode material.

[0019] More preferably, when the leached and recovered waste lithium-ion battery negative electrode material is mixed with the diaphragm debris, the mass ratio of the leached and recovered waste lithium-ion battery negative electrode material to the diaphragm debris is 1:(0.1-3).

[0020] More preferably, the activation temperature is 400-900°C.

[0021] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the waste lithium-ion battery can be a positive electrode material of LiCoO2, LiNi 0.5 Mn 0.3 Co 0.2 O2, LiNi 0.6 Mn 0.2 Co 0.2 O2, LiNi 0.8 Mn 0.1 Co 0.1 O2, LiNi 0.5 Mn 0.3 Co 0.2 Any one or more of O2LiNi; the separated positive and negative electrode mixed materials also include powders of copper and aluminum current collectors, so the metal elements contained in the leachate include four types of copper, aluminum, lithium, and cobalt, or six types of copper, aluminum, lithium, cobalt, nickel, and manganese.

[0022] Preferably, the above method for leaching and recovering waste lithium-ion battery components further comprises the following steps:

[0023] The pH value of the leaching solution is adjusted so that all metal elements except Li are precipitated, the precipitate and the filtrate are separated, and excess carbon dioxide is introduced into the filtrate to obtain Li2CO3 precipitation.

[0024] When the method for leaching and recovering waste lithium-ion battery components also includes the above steps, the application of the reductive acid leaching system provided by the present invention in leaching and recovering waste lithium-ion battery components can also recover the metal elements in the positive electrode and the current collector in the lithium battery, so that the metal elements are precipitated in the form of precipitation. The obtained metal element precipitation can be used as a precursor raw material for regenerating the positive electrode material and the current collector.

[0025] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, after carbon dioxide is introduced into the filtrate, the filtrate can be concentrated by spray drying to precipitate Li2CO3 crystals. The spray drying rate can be 30 mL / min, and the temperatures at the inlet and outlet of the spray dryer can be 120°C to 300°C and 80°C to 110°C, respectively.

[0026] Preferably, in the method for leaching and recovering waste lithium-ion battery components, when the positive and negative electrode mixed materials are added to the reducing acid leaching system for leaching, the solid-liquid ratio of the positive and negative electrode mixed materials to the reducing acid leaching system is 10 to 50 g / L.

[0027] When the solid-liquid ratio of the positive and negative electrode mixed materials to the reductive acid leaching system is 10-50 g / L, the system has a higher leaching efficiency for metal elements in waste lithium battery materials and the amount of reagents in the system is appropriate, so as not to increase the cost too much. It should be noted that a solid-liquid ratio of more than 30 g / L is already a relatively high level in the existing acid leaching system, which means that the reductive acid leaching system provided by the present invention can use low-concentration acid to achieve the leaching of high solid-liquid ratio materials, thereby greatly reducing the leaching cost while improving the leaching efficiency.

[0028] Preferably, in the above-mentioned method for leaching and recovering waste lithium-ion battery components, the leaching temperature is 40-100° C. when the positive and negative electrode mixed materials are added to the reducing acid leaching system for leaching.

[0029] In the leaching process, appropriately increasing the leaching temperature can accelerate the redox reaction of substances in the reducing acid leaching system and accelerate the leaching rate of metal elements. However, when the leaching temperature is further increased to above 100°C, the degree of increase in the leaching rate is not obvious, and the energy consumption of the leaching process increases.

[0030] Preferably, in the above-mentioned method for leaching and recovering waste lithium-ion battery components, the leaching time when the positive and negative electrode mixed materials are added to the reducing acid leaching system for leaching is 20 to 120 minutes.

[0031] Preferably, in the above-mentioned method for leaching and recovering waste lithium-ion battery components, the waste lithium-ion batteries are crushed and separated through a sieve with an aperture of 0.075 mm to 4 mm to obtain separator debris and positive and negative electrode mixed materials.

[0032] The diaphragm debris and the positive and negative electrode mixed materials obtained by sieving are respectively in the materials on the sieve and under the sieve. When the aperture of the sieve is not greater than 4mm, the diaphragm debris and the positive and negative electrode mixed materials can be separated more thoroughly, that is, the positive and negative electrode mixed materials remaining in the sieve components are less, and the main object of the waste lithium battery component recovery method provided by the present invention is the positive and negative electrode mixed materials. Therefore, the positive and negative electrode mixed materials remaining in the sieve components are less, which means that the waste lithium battery component recovery method provided by the present invention can more fully recover the metal elements in the positive and negative electrode materials. When sieving to separate the diaphragm debris and the positive and negative electrode mixed materials, it is preferred to use a sieve with an aperture of not less than 0.075mm, because the particle size distribution of the positive and negative electrode mixed materials after crushing is in the range of 10 to 70μm, and when the aperture of the sieve is greater than 0.075mm, the separation of the diaphragm and the positive and negative electrode materials can be more effectively achieved.

[0033] Preferably, in the above-mentioned method for leaching and recovering waste lithium-ion battery components, the pH value of the leachate is adjusted to 6.66±0.01, the precipitate and the filtrate are separated, and then the pH of the leachate is adjusted to 10.5±0.1, the precipitate and the filtrate are separated to obtain a precipitate of other metal elements except Li.

[0034] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, ammonia water can be used to adjust the pH of the leachate. First, the pH of the leachate is adjusted to 6.66±0.01, and Al(OH)3 and Cu(OH)2 precipitation can be obtained. After separating the precipitate and the filtrate, the pH of the leachate is adjusted to 10.5±0.1. When the positive electrode material of the waste lithium ion battery is LiCoO2, the obtained precipitation is Co(OH)2. When the positive electrode material of the waste lithium ion battery is LiNi 0.5 Mn 0.3 Co 0.2 O2、LiNi 0.6 Mn 0.2 Co 0.2 O2、LiNi 0.8 Mn 0.1 Co 0.1 O2 or LiNi 0.5 Mn 0.3 Co 0.2 O2LiNi The resulting precipitate is NiCoMn(OH) x By adjusting the pH of the leaching solution step by step, the metal elements in the leaching solution can be precipitated more thoroughly, thereby improving the metal recovery rate. sp After calculation, the pH was first adjusted to 6.66 ± 0.01 and then to 10.5 ± 0.1, which enabled more complete precipitation of the different metals.

[0035] More preferably, in the above-mentioned method for leaching and recovering waste lithium-ion battery components, the following steps are also included:

[0036] The salicylic acid in the filtrate is precipitated by controlling the temperature.

[0037] The temperature is controlled to precipitate and recover salicylic acid after leaching and recovering the components of waste lithium-ion batteries, which can further reduce the cost of waste liquid treatment after leaching and recovering the components of lithium batteries.

[0038] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the temperature during temperature control for precipitating salicylic acid may be 0-40°C.

[0039] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0040] The present invention discloses an application of a reducing acid leaching system in leaching and recovering components of waste lithium-ion batteries. The reducing acid leaching system comprises salicylic acid and salicylaldehyde, wherein salicylaldehyde is used as a reducing agent to reduce the leached metals and then replenish the acid in the system. Therefore, the concentration of salicylic acid in the reducing acid leaching solution system provided by the present invention can be as low as 0.1 mol / L and as high as 0.5 mol / L. When leaching metal elements in positive and negative electrode materials of waste lithium-ion batteries, the leaching recovery rate of various metal elements in the positive and negative electrode materials is as high as 99% or more. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0041] Figure 1 The present invention is a flow chart for recovering components from waste lithium-ion batteries using the reductive acid leaching system provided by the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments, but the embodiments do not limit the present invention in any form. Unless otherwise specified, the raw materials and reagents used in the embodiments of the present invention are conventionally purchased raw materials and reagents.

[0043] Example 1

[0044] A method for leaching and recovering waste lithium-ion battery components, specifically comprising the following steps:

[0045] The positive electrode material is LiNi 0.8 Mn 0.1 Co 0.1 The waste lithium-ion batteries of O2 are crushed, separated by a 0.15mm pore size screen to obtain diaphragm debris and positive and negative electrode mixed materials, and the positive and negative electrode mixed materials are added into a reducing acid leaching system for leaching, with a solid-liquid ratio of 40g / L, a leaching temperature of 50°C, and a leaching time of 30min to obtain a leachate and a filter residue containing metal elements, and the obtained filter residue is the negative electrode material of the waste lithium-ion battery recovered by leaching;

[0046] The reducing acid leaching system is a mixed solution system of salicylic acid and salicylaldehyde, wherein the concentration of salicylic acid is 0.2 mol / L and the concentration of salicylaldehyde in the solution is 5 vol%;

[0047] The pH value of the leaching solution was adjusted to precipitate all metal elements except Li, and the precipitate was separated from the filtrate: first, the pH was adjusted to 6.66±0.01, and Al(OH)3 and Cu(OH)2 precipitates were obtained by filtration, and then the pH of the system was adjusted to 10.5±0.1 to obtain NiCoMn(OH) x precipitation;

[0048] Excess carbon dioxide is introduced into the obtained filtrate to obtain Li2CO3 precipitation;

[0049] The salicylic acid in the filtrate is precipitated by controlling the temperature.

[0050] Example 2

[0051] A method for leaching and recovering waste lithium-ion battery components, which differs from Example 1 in that:

[0052] The concentration of salicylic acid in the reducing acid leaching system is 0.1 mol / L, and the concentration of salicylaldehyde in the solution is 20 vol%.

[0053] Example 3

[0054] A method for leaching and recovering waste lithium-ion battery components, which is different from Example 1 in that:

[0055] The concentration of salicylic acid in the reducing acid leaching system is 0.5 mol / L, and the concentration of salicylaldehyde in the solution is 2 vol%.

[0056] Example 4

[0057] A method for leaching and recovering waste lithium-ion battery components, which differs from Example 1 in that:

[0058] The concentration of salicylic acid in the reducing acid leaching system is 0.01 mol / L, and the concentration of salicylaldehyde in the solution is 20 vol%.

[0059] Example 5

[0060] A method for leaching and recovering waste lithium-ion battery components, which differs from Example 1 in that:

[0061] The solid-to-liquid ratio of the positive and negative electrode mixed materials to the reducing acid leaching system is 50g / L.

[0062] Example 6

[0063] A method for leaching and recovering waste lithium-ion battery components, which differs from Example 1 in that:

[0064] The solid-to-liquid ratio of the positive and negative electrode mixed materials to the reducing acid leaching system is 10g / L.

[0065] Example 7

[0066] A method for leaching and recovering waste lithium-ion battery components, which differs from Example 1 in that:

[0067] Use waste lithium-ion batteries with LiCoO2 as the positive electrode material as raw materials;

[0068] The pH of the system was adjusted to 10.5±0.1 to obtain Co(OH)2 precipitate.

[0069] Example 8

[0070] A method for leaching and recovering waste lithium-ion battery components, which differs from Example 1 in that:

[0071] The positive electrode material is LiNi 0.6 Mn 0.2 Co 0.2 O2’s used lithium-ion batteries are used as raw materials;

[0072] The pH of the system was adjusted to 10.5±0.1 to obtain NiCoMn(OH) x precipitation.

[0073] Example 9

[0074] A method for leaching and recovering waste lithium-ion battery components, which differs from Example 1 in that:

[0075] The leaching temperature is 40°C.

[0076] Example 10

[0077] A method for leaching and recovering waste lithium-ion battery components, which differs from Example 1 in that:

[0078] The leaching temperature is 100°C.

[0079] Embodiment 11

[0080] A method for leaching and recovering waste lithium-ion battery components, which differs from Example 1 in that:

[0081] The waste lithium-ion batteries are crushed and separated through a sieve with an aperture of 0.075 mm to obtain separator debris and positive and negative electrode mixed materials.

[0082] Example 12

[0083] A method for leaching and recovering waste lithium-ion battery components, which differs from Example 1 in that:

[0084] The waste lithium-ion batteries were crushed and separated through a 4mm pore size sieve to obtain separator debris and positive and negative electrode mixed materials.

[0085] Comparative Example 1

[0086] A method for leaching and recovering waste lithium-ion battery components, which differs from Example 1 in that:

[0087] The concentration of salicylaldehyde in the reducing acid leaching system is 0.5 vol%.

[0088] Comparative Example 2

[0089] A method for leaching and recovering waste lithium-ion battery components, which differs from Example 1 in that:

[0090] Formic acid is used as the reducing agent in the reducing acid leaching system.

[0091] Comparative Example 3

[0092] A method for leaching and recovering waste lithium-ion battery components, which differs from Example 1 in that:

[0093] Acetic acid is used as the leaching acid in the reductive acid leaching system.

[0094] Performance Testing

[0095] Metal leaching rate test: The positive and negative electrode materials and metal leaching solution were digested with aqua regia, and after digestion, the filtrate was filtered through a 0.45μm filter membrane, and the filtrate was diluted into solutions with different concentration gradients. The metal ion concentration in the solution was determined by ICP-OES. The metal content in the positive and negative electrode materials was determined by The metal leaching rate is calculated by the formula Calculate, where ω i (wt%) is the calculated content of metal elements, C i is the metal concentration measured by ICP-OES, V is the solution volume, M is the mass of the positive and negative electrode materials, and n is the metal leaching rate.

[0096] The specific test data are shown in Table 1 below:

[0097] Table 1. Metal leaching rate data of examples and comparative examples

[0098]

[0099] From the data of Examples 1 to 4 in Table 1, it can be seen that in the application of the reductive acid leaching system provided by the present invention in the leaching and recovery of waste lithium-ion battery components, when the concentration of salicylic acid in the reductive acid leaching system is preferably 0.1 to 0.5 mol / L, the metal elements in the positive and negative electrode materials of the battery have a higher leaching rate and the acid concentration is lower than the acid concentration in the general leaching system (Examples 1 to 3). From the data of Examples 5 to 6, it can be seen that when the solid-liquid ratio is preferably 10 to 50 g / L when the reductive acid leaching system provided by the present invention is used to leach the components in the waste lithium battery, the metal elements have an excellent leaching rate. From the data of Examples 7 to 8, it can be seen that the reductive acid leaching system provided by the present invention has a good metal leaching rate for waste lithium batteries whose positive electrode materials are LiCoO2 and nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary metals. It can be seen from the data of Examples 9 to 12 that when the leaching temperature is preferably 40 to 100° C. and the mesh size used for screening is 0.075 to 4 mm, the application of the reductive acid leaching system provided by the present invention in the leaching and recovery of waste lithium ion battery components can have an excellent leaching rate for metal elements, wherein when the leaching temperature is increased, the acid leaching system provided by the present invention has a more excellent leaching effect, but even if the leaching temperature is only 40° C., the acid leaching system provided by the present invention can also have a leaching rate of more than 99% for various metal elements in waste lithium batteries.

[0100] Figure 1 The present invention provides a flow chart for recovering components from waste lithium-ion batteries using the reductive acid leaching system provided by the present invention. Figure 1 It can be seen that when the reducing acid leaching system provided by the present invention is applied to the leaching and recovery of waste lithium-ion battery components, all components of the waste lithium batteries can be recovered.

[0101] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other different forms of changes or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to list all the embodiments here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. Application of a reductive acid leaching system in leaching and recovery of waste lithium-ion battery components, characterized in that: The reductive acid leaching system is a mixed solution system of salicylic acid and salicylaldehyde, wherein the concentration of salicylaldehyde is not less than 2 vol%, and the concentration of salicylic acid is 0.01-1 mol / L.

2. The use of the reductive acid leaching system as claimed in claim 1 in leaching and recovering components of waste lithium-ion batteries, characterized in that: The concentration of salicylic acid in the reducing acid leaching system is 0.1-0.5 mol / L.

3. The use of the reductive acid leaching system according to claim 1 in leaching and recovering components of waste lithium-ion batteries, characterized in that: The concentration of salicylaldehyde in the reducing acid leaching system is 2-20 vol%.

4. A method for leaching and recovering waste lithium-ion battery components, characterized in that: The specific steps include: The waste lithium-ion batteries are crushed to separate the diaphragm debris and the positive and negative electrode mixed materials, and the positive and negative electrode mixed materials are added to the reducing acid leaching system according to any one of claims 1 to 3 for leaching to obtain a leachate containing metal elements and a filter residue, and the obtained filter residue is the negative electrode material of the waste lithium-ion batteries recovered by leaching.

5. The method for leaching and recovering waste lithium-ion battery components as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The following steps are also included: The pH value of the leaching solution is adjusted so that all metal elements except Li are precipitated, the precipitate and the filtrate are separated, excess carbon dioxide is introduced into the filtrate, and the filtrate and the obtained Li2CO3 precipitate are separated.

6. The method for leaching and recovering waste lithium-ion battery components according to any one of claims 4 to 5, characterized in that: When the positive and negative electrode mixed materials are added into the reducing acid leaching system for leaching, the solid-liquid ratio of the positive and negative electrode mixed materials to the reducing acid leaching system is 10 to 50 g / L.

7. The method for leaching and recovering waste lithium-ion battery components according to any one of claims 4 to 5, characterized in that: When the positive and negative electrode mixed materials are added into the reducing acid leaching system for leaching, the leaching temperature is 40 to 100°C.

8. The method for leaching and recovering waste lithium-ion battery components according to any one of claims 4 to 5, characterized in that: When the positive and negative electrode mixed materials are added into the reducing acid leaching system for leaching, the leaching time is 20 to 120 minutes.

9. The method for leaching and recovering waste lithium-ion battery components according to any one of claims 4 to 5, characterized in that: The waste lithium-ion batteries are crushed and separated through a sieve with an aperture of 0.075 mm to 4 mm to obtain diaphragm debris and positive and negative electrode mixed materials.

10. The method for leaching and recovering waste lithium-ion battery components as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The following steps are also included: The salicylic acid in the filtrate is precipitated by controlling the temperature.

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