A lead-acid battery adaptive charging protection system

Abstract

The invention discloses an adaptive charging protection system for lead-acid batteries, comprising a lead-acid battery body and a charging module, wherein the lead-acid battery body has a positive charging interface and a negative charging interface, and the charging module comprises a power adapter, a constant current charger, a charging feedback device and a constant voltage charger. The power adapter is used to detect the first terminal voltage and the second terminal voltage of at least one group of lead-acid battery bodies, and adjust the corresponding charging voltage according to the first terminal voltage of the lead-acid battery body. The constant current charger adjusts the constant current according to the corresponding charging voltage and enters the first charging stage. The constant voltage charger adjusts the corresponding constant voltage according to the second terminal voltage and enters the second charging stage. The charging feedback device is used to detect whether the lead-acid battery body generates gassing. If gassing is generated, the lead-acid battery body is switched from the first charging stage to the second charging stage. The lead-acid battery is brought into the optimal charging state and the service life of the lead-acid battery is extended.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a lead-acid battery charging technology, and in particular to a lead-acid battery adaptive charging protection system. Background Art

[0002] The charging method of lead-acid batteries directly affects the battery life. The existing battery charging methods are:

[0003] Constant voltage charging method: During the charging process, the charging voltage remains constant. After the charging is completed, the voltage across the battery will drop by a certain value. The charging current will continue to decrease during the charging process. When it reaches a certain value, the charging will stop. This method has certain disadvantages. First, the current is too large at the beginning of charging, which exceeds the acceptable current range of the battery, and will directly cause damage to the internal plates of the lead-acid battery.

[0004] Constant current charging method: When charging, a constant current is used to charge the battery with more electricity in a shorter time, shortening the charging time. When charging, a chemical reaction occurs inside to generate sulfuric acid. The sulfuric acid concentration is very high in a short time, causing the battery electromotive force to rise rapidly, but the voltage will not continue to rise. The excess electricity is mostly used for electrolysis of water, resulting in gassing, battery heating, etc., which damages the life of the lead-acid battery.

[0005] CN106026371A discloses a charging method for a lead-acid battery. The method controls the increase and decrease of the charging current and the discharging current by comparing the terminal voltage of the lead-acid battery with a preset voltage. The terminal voltage of the lead-acid battery alone cannot make the lead-acid battery reach the optimal charging state, so the existing charging method needs to be further improved. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to solve the defects of the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention proposes a lead-acid battery adaptive charging protection system.

[0007] The technical solution of the present invention is achieved in this way:

[0008] A lead-acid battery adaptive charging protection system includes a lead-acid battery body and a charging module, wherein the lead-acid battery body has a positive charging interface and a negative charging interface, and the charging module is clamped at both ends of the positive charging interface and the negative charging interface, and is used to charge the lead-acid battery body, wherein the lead-acid battery body has a first charging stage and a second charging stage, and the charging module includes:

[0009] A power adapter, the power adapter is used to detect a first terminal voltage and a second terminal voltage of at least one group of lead-acid battery bodies, and adjust a corresponding charging voltage according to the first terminal voltage of the lead-acid battery bodies;

[0010] A constant current charger, wherein the constant current charger adjusts a constant current according to a corresponding charging voltage and enters a first charging stage;

[0011] A charging feedback device, the charging feedback device comprising a cap and a gas sensor;

[0012] A constant voltage charger, wherein the constant voltage charger adjusts a corresponding constant voltage according to the second terminal voltage and enters a second charging stage;

[0013] Among them, the positive charging interface and the negative charging interface are both provided with a connecting chamber, and a pole is provided inside the connecting chamber. The pole passes through the connecting chamber and communicates with the electrolyte inside the lead-acid battery body. The cap is installed on the positive charging interface and the negative charging interface, and is connected to the gas sensor through an output tube. The gas sensor is used to detect whether the lead-acid battery body produces gas evolution. If gas evolution occurs, the lead-acid battery body is switched from the first charging stage to the second charging stage.

[0014] In the present invention, the power adapter includes two charging connectors and a power switch, the charging connector is connected to the power switch, and the two charging connectors are respectively connected to the positive charging interface and the negative charging interface for charging the lead-acid battery body.

[0015] In the present invention, the charging connector includes a shell, a receiving portion is formed at the bottom of the shell, a wiring assembly is further connected to the side wall of the shell, wiring terminals are arranged on both sides of the wiring assembly, a terminal post is arranged in the middle of the wiring assembly, the terminal post is connected to a connecting buckle, and the connecting buckle is respectively clamped on the positive charging interface or the negative charging interface for charging the lead-acid battery body.

[0016] Among them, an upper mounting piece is arranged on the top of the connecting buckle, and the upper mounting piece is used to connect a voltage detection sensor, and the voltage detection sensor is used to detect the terminal voltage of the lead-acid battery body.

[0017] In the present invention, the connecting buckle includes a wiring cavity, the inner diameter of which is the same as the diameter of the positive charging interface and the negative charging interface. The wiring cavity is clamped on the outer wall of the positive charging interface or the negative charging interface, and an elastic clamping wall is also provided on one side of the wiring cavity.

[0018] In the present invention, the power switch comprises a circuit board, on which a first voltage terminal, a second voltage terminal and a third voltage terminal are arranged.

[0019] The first voltage terminal, the second voltage terminal and the third voltage terminal each have a wiring switch, and the corresponding wiring switch is closed to the left or right to control the charging connector to be connected with the first voltage terminal, the second voltage terminal and the third voltage terminal.

[0020] The bottom of the wiring switch is provided with a bearing seat, on which a movable part is rotatably connected, and the movable part is connected to a control cylinder, and the control cylinder is used to push the movable part to rotate on the bearing seat.

[0021] The movable part comprises an inner cavity, the wiring switch is located on the inner wall of the inner cavity, the inner cavity has a lower pressure plate and a pull rod, the lower pressure plate is obliquely installed in the inner cavity of the movable part, and the pull rod is fixedly connected to the movable part.

[0022] In the present invention, when the wiring switch is in a leftward closed state, the charging connector is connected to the corresponding charging voltage; when the wiring switch is in a leftward closed state, the charging connector is disconnected from the corresponding charging voltage.

[0023] In the present invention, the positive charging interface and the negative charging interface are both provided with a connecting chamber, and a pole is provided inside the connecting chamber, and the pole penetrates the connecting chamber and communicates with the electrolyte inside the lead-acid battery body.

[0024] The connecting chamber is composed of a sealed cavity and an air cavity, and the inner diameter of the sealed cavity is smaller than the inner diameter of the air cavity. The pole is composed of a movable end and a connecting end, and the connecting end passes through the cylinder and is fixedly connected to the inside of the lead-acid battery body. The connecting end is located in the air gun, and the diameter of the connecting end is smaller than the inner diameter of the air cavity, so that a gap is formed between the outer wall of the connecting end and the inner wall of the air cavity.

[0025] The movable end is slidably connected to the connecting end via a spring, and the movable end is located in the sealing cavity. The diameter of the movable end is the same as the inner diameter of the sealing cavity, and the movable end is used to seal the sealing cavity.

[0026] In the present invention, the movable end is pushed to move toward the connecting end, the movable end is separated from the sealed cavity, the movable end is located in the air cavity, and the gap formed between the outer wall of the connecting end and the inner wall of the air cavity is opened.

[0027] In the present invention, the charging feedback device includes a cap and a gas sensor. The cap is connected above the positive charging interface and the negative charging interface. The cap is connected to the gas sensor via an output tube. The gas sensor is used to detect whether the positive charging interface and the negative charging interface generate gas.

[0028] In the present invention, the cap is composed of a cap body, a push rod and an air hole. A connecting cavity is provided in the middle of the cap body, and the connecting cavity matches the positive charging interface and the negative charging interface.

[0029] A push rod is also provided on one side of the connecting cavity. The diameter of the push rod is smaller than the diameter of the movable end, and the length of the push rod is greater than the length of the sealing cavity. The push rod is used to push the movable end to move downward.

[0030] The lead-acid battery adaptive charging protection system of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0031] The lead-acid battery adaptive charging protection system of the present invention has a charging module, and the charging module includes a power adapter, a constant current charger, a charging feedback device and a constant voltage charger. The power adapter is used to detect the first terminal voltage and the second terminal voltage of at least one group of lead-acid battery bodies, and adjust the corresponding charging voltage according to the first terminal voltage of the lead-acid battery body. The constant current charger adjusts the constant current according to the corresponding charging voltage and enters the first charging stage. The constant voltage charger adjusts the corresponding constant voltage according to the second terminal voltage and enters the second charging stage. The charging feedback device is used to detect whether the lead-acid battery body produces gas evolution. If gas evolution is produced, the lead-acid battery body is switched from the first charging stage to the second charging stage. The lead-acid battery reaches the optimal charging state and the service life of the lead-acid battery is extended. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 This is a structural block diagram of the charging protection system of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of the charging protection system of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the lead-acid battery body of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 4 It is a partial cross-sectional view of the lead-acid battery body of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at A in the middle;

[0037] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the charging connector of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the power switch of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 8 A side view of the power switch of the present invention;

[0040] Fig. 9 It is a structural schematic diagram of the charging feedback device of the present invention;

[0041] Fig.10 This is a schematic structural diagram of a charging feedback device according to another angle of the present invention;

[0042] Fig.11 This is a current and voltage schematic diagram of the charging protection system of the present invention;

[0043] Fig.12 This is a test data diagram of the charging protection system of the present invention.

[0044] The reference numerals are as follows: 10 lead-acid battery body, 101 positive charging interface, 102 negative charging interface, 103 connecting chamber, 103'1 sealed chamber, 103'2 air chamber, 104 pole, 104'1 movable end, 104'2 connecting end, 104'3 spring, 20 charging module, 21 charging connector, 211 shell, 212 accommodating portion, 213 wiring assembly, 214 wiring terminal, 215 wiring housing, 216 upper mounting plate, 217 connecting buckle, 218 wiring chamber , 219 elastic clamping wall, 22 power switch, 221 circuit board, 222 first voltage terminal, 223 second voltage terminal, 224 third voltage terminal, 225 wiring switch, 226 bearing seat, 227 movable part, 227'1 lower pressure plate, 227'2 pull rod, 23 charging feedback device, 231 cap, 231'1 cap body, 231'2 connecting cavity, 231'3 push rod, 231'4 air hole, 232 output tube, 233 gas sensor, 30 power supply module. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0046] The charging method of lead-acid batteries directly affects their service life. In the constant voltage charging method, the current is too large at the beginning of charging, which exceeds the acceptable range of the lead-acid battery and causes damage to the internal plates. The constant current charging method can charge the lead-acid battery in a short time at the beginning of charging, but when the charging time increases, the voltage will not continue to rise, and the excess electricity is used for electrolysis of water, resulting in gassing and battery heating, which damages the life of the lead-acid battery. The prior art CN106026371A controls the increase and decrease of the charging current and the discharging current by comparing the terminal voltage of the lead-acid battery with the preset voltage.

[0047] like Figures 1 to 10 As shown, the lead-acid battery adaptive charging protection system of the present invention includes a lead-acid battery body 10 and a charging module 20. The lead-acid battery body 10 has a positive charging interface 101 and a negative charging interface 102, and the charging module 20 is clamped at both ends of the positive charging interface 101 and the negative charging interface 102 for charging the lead-acid battery body 10.

[0048] The charging module 20 includes a voltage adapter, a constant current charger, a charging feedback device and a constant voltage charger. The lead-acid battery body 10 shipped from the factory has different specifications, generally 48V, 60V or 72V. The power adapter is used to detect the first terminal voltage of at least one group of lead-acid battery bodies 10, and adjust the corresponding charging voltage according to the first terminal voltage of the lead-acid battery body.

[0049] The power adapter includes two charging connectors 21 and a power switch 23. The charging connector 21 is connected to the power switch 23, and the two charging connectors 21 are respectively connected to the positive charging interface 101 and the negative charging interface 102, for charging the lead-acid battery body 10 and detecting the first terminal voltage of the lead-acid battery body 10.

[0050] like Figure 6 As shown, the charging connector 21 includes a shell 211, and a receiving portion 212 is formed at the bottom of the shell 211. The connecting wire is connected to the electronic components inside the shell 211 through the receiving portion 212. The side wall of the shell 211 is also connected to a wiring assembly 213, and wiring terminals 214 are arranged on both sides of the wiring assembly 213. A terminal 215 is arranged in the middle of the wiring assembly 213, and the terminal 215 is connected to a connecting buckle 217. The connecting buckle 217 is clamped on the positive charging interface 101 or the negative charging interface 102, respectively, for charging the lead-acid battery body 10. Among them, an upper mounting piece 216 is arranged on the top of the connecting buckle 217, and the upper mounting piece 216 is used to connect a voltage detection sensor. The voltage detection sensor detects the voltage of the first end of the lead-acid battery body 10, and adjusts the corresponding charging voltage according to the detected voltage. The connection buckle 217 includes a wiring cavity 218, the inner diameter of which is the same as the diameter of the positive charging interface 101 and the negative charging interface 102, and is clamped on the outer wall of the positive charging interface 101 or the negative charging interface 102. An elastic clamping wall 219 is also provided on one side of the wiring cavity 218. When the connection buckle 217 and the positive charging interface 101 and the negative charging interface 102 are installed, the positive charging interface 101 and the negative charging interface 102 open the elastic clamping arm 219, so that the positive charging interface 101 and the negative charging interface 102 are located in the wiring cavity 218. When the elastic clamping arm 219 is restored under its elastic action, the positive charging interface 101 and the negative charging interface 102 are clamped.

[0051] In this embodiment, when the connecting buckle 217 is connected to the positive charging interface 101 and the negative charging interface 102, the voltage detection sensor connected to the upper mounting plate 216 detects the first terminal voltage of the lead-acid battery body 10, and controls the power switch 22 to connect the charging connector 21 to charging voltages of different powers according to the first terminal voltage of the lead-acid battery body 10.

[0052] like Figure 7As shown, the power switch 22 includes a circuit board 221, on which a first voltage terminal 222, a second voltage terminal 223 and a third voltage terminal 224 are provided, and the first voltage terminal 222, the second voltage terminal 223 and the third voltage terminal 224 correspond to charging voltages of 48V, 60V and 72V respectively. The first voltage terminal 222, the second voltage terminal 223 and the third voltage terminal 224 each have a wiring switch 225, and the corresponding wiring switch 225 is closed to the left or opened to the right, and controls the charging connector 21 to be connected with the first voltage terminal 222, the second voltage terminal 223 and the third voltage terminal 224. A bearing seat 226 is provided at the bottom of the wiring switch 225, and a movable member 227 is rotatably connected to the bearing seat 226, and the movable member 227 is connected to a control cylinder, and the control cylinder is used to push the movable member 227 to rotate on the bearing seat 226. The movable part 227 includes an inner cavity, and the wiring switch 225 is located on the inner wall of the inner cavity. The inner cavity has a lower pressing plate 227'1 and a pull rod 227'2. The lower pressing plate 227'1 is obliquely installed in the inner cavity of the movable part 227, and the pull rod 227'2 is fixedly connected to the movable part 227.

[0053] When the control cylinder drives the movable part 227 to rotate toward the direction close to the wiring switch 225, the lower pressure plate 227'1 to which the movable part 227 is fixed presses the wiring switch 225 to close to the left, and the charging connector 21 is connected to the corresponding charging voltage. When the wiring switch 225 is in the closed state to the left, and the control cylinder drives the movable part 227 to rotate away from the wiring switch 225, the pull rod 227'1 pulls the wiring switch 225 to the right to disconnect, so that the charging connector 21 is disconnected from the corresponding charging voltage.

[0054] In this embodiment, after the power switch 22 connects the charging connector 22 to the corresponding charging voltage, the constant current charger adjusts the constant current according to the corresponding charging voltage, and enters the first charging stage, that is, the constant current charging state, to quickly charge the lead-acid battery body 10 in a short time. During the charging process, the terminal voltage of the lead-acid battery body 10 rises accordingly. When the terminal voltage of the lead-acid battery body 10 rises to a certain value, it is necessary to switch to the second charging stage, that is, the constant voltage charging state. It can solve the problem of excessive charging current in the early stage of constant voltage charging and the problem of excessive charging current in the late stage of constant current charging. In the prior art, switching from the constant current charging stage to the constant voltage charging stage is to charge with a constant current for a fixed time, and then detect whether the terminal voltage of the lead-acid battery reaches a preset value. If it is greater than the preset value, it switches to the constant voltage charging stage; if it is less than the preset value, it is charged with a constant current for a fixed time. For example, charging with a constant current of 5A for 5 minutes, detecting whether the terminal voltage of the lead-acid battery at this time reaches the preset value, if it is less than the preset value, then charging with a constant current of 5A for 5 minutes.

[0055] When overcharging occurs in constant current charging mode, the battery will heat up. The prior art also installs a temperature sensor on the outside of the lead-acid battery to detect the charging state of the lead-acid battery. When the temperature is too high, the constant current charging stage is switched to the constant voltage charging stage. Since the charging temperature of the lead-acid battery is also affected by other factors, it is impossible to switch to the constant voltage charging mode in the best state by controlling and adjusting the temperature alone.

[0056] Furthermore, this embodiment improves the lead-acid battery body 10. Figures 4 to 5 As shown, the positive charging interface 101 and the negative charging interface 102 are both provided with a connecting chamber 103 , and a pole 104 is provided inside the connecting chamber 103 . The pole 104 penetrates the connecting chamber 103 and communicates with the electrolyte inside the lead-acid battery body 10 .

[0057] like Figure 5 As shown, the communicating chamber 103 is composed of a sealed cavity 103'1 and an air cavity 103'2, and the inner diameter of the sealed cavity 103'1 is smaller than the inner diameter of the air cavity 103'2. The pole 104 is composed of a movable end 104'1 and a connecting end 104'2, and the connecting end 104'2 penetrates the cylinder 103'2 and is fixedly connected to the inside of the lead-acid battery body 10, and the connecting end 104'2 is located in the air gun 103'2, and the diameter of the connecting end 104'2 is smaller than the inner diameter of the air cavity 103'2, so that the outer wall of the connecting end 104'2 and the inner wall of the air cavity 103'2 form a gap of 1-2 mm. The movable end 104'1 is slidably connected to the connecting end 104'2 via the spring 104'3, and the movable end 104'1 is located in the sealed cavity 103'1. The diameter of the movable end 104'1 is the same as the inner diameter of the sealed cavity 103'1. The movable end 104'1 is used to seal the sealed cavity 103'1 to prevent the electrolyte inside the lead-acid battery body 10 from flowing out from the gap formed between the outer wall of the connecting end 104'2 and the inner wall of the air cavity 103'2. When the movable end 104'1 is pushed toward the connecting end 104'2, the spring 104'3 is compressed, and the movable end 104'1 is separated from the sealed cavity 103'1, so that the movable end 104'1 is located in the air cavity 103'2. Since the diameter of the movable end 104'1 is smaller than the inner diameter of the air cavity 103'2, when the movable end 104'1 is located in the air cavity 103'2, the gap formed between the outer wall of the connection end 104'2 and the inner wall of the air cavity 103'2 is opened, and if the lead-acid battery body 10 generates gas, the gas is discharged upward from the gap. The spring 104'3 is installed inside the connection end 104'2 to prevent the gas from corroding the spring 104'3 and affecting its elasticity.

[0058] Furthermore, the charging feedback device 23 is respectively installed on the positive charging interface 101 and the negative charging interface 102 to detect whether the lead-acid battery body 10 generates gas. If gas is generated, the lead-acid battery body 10 is switched from the first charging stage to the second charging stage.

[0059] like Figures 9 and 10 As shown, the charging feedback device 23 includes a cap 231 and a gas sensor 233, and the cap 231 is connected above the positive charging interface 101 and the negative charging interface 102. The cap 231 is connected to the gas sensor 233 via an output tube 232, and the gas sensor 233 is used to detect whether the positive charging interface 101 and the negative charging interface 102 generate gas.

[0060] Among them, the cap 231 is composed of a cap body 231'1, a push rod 231'3 and an air hole 231'4. A connecting cavity 231'2 is arranged in the middle of the cap body 231'1, and the connecting cavity 231'2 matches the positive charging interface 101 and the negative charging interface 102. A push rod 231'3 is also arranged on one side of the inner part of the connecting cavity 231'2, and the diameter of the push rod 231'3 is smaller than the diameter of the movable end 104'1, and the length of the push rod 231'3 is greater than the length of the sealed cavity 103'1. When the cap 231 is connected to the positive charging interface 101 or the negative charging interface 102, the push rod 231'3 will push the movable end 104'1 to move downward, and open the gap formed between the outer wall of the connecting end 104'2 and the inner wall of the air cavity 103'2. The air hole 231 ′ 4 is provided on the side wall of the connecting cavity 231 ′ 2 , and the cap 231 is connected to the output pipe 232 through the air hole 231 ′ 4 , and the other end of the output pipe 232 is connected to the gas sensor 233 .

[0061] In this embodiment, the two charging connectors 21 are connected to the positive charging interface 101 and the negative charging interface 102 respectively. Before charging, the cap 231 needs to be connected to the upper ends of the positive charging interface 101 and the negative charging interface 102, so that the push rod 231'3 in the middle of the cap 231 pushes the movable end 104'1 to move toward the connection end 104'2, and opens the gap formed between the outer wall of the connection end 104'2 and the inner wall of the air cavity 103'2. The voltage detection sensor connected to the upper plate 216 detects the first terminal voltage of the lead-acid battery body 10, and adjusts the corresponding charging voltage according to the first terminal voltage. The constant current charger adjusts the constant current according to the corresponding charging voltage to charge the lead-acid battery body 10. At this time, the lead-acid battery body 10 is in the first charging stage, that is, the constant current charging stage.

[0062] At the beginning of the constant current charging stage, the charging voltage of the lead-acid battery body 10 rises rapidly and then slowly increases for a period of time. At this time, charging continues, and the excess electric energy is used to electrolyze water to produce gas. The generated gas flows out from the gap formed between the outer wall of the connecting end 104'2 and the inner wall of the air cavity 103'2, and enters the gas sensor 233 through the air hole 231'4 and the output pipe 232 on the side wall of the cap 231. After the gas sensor 233 receives the signal, the lead-acid battery body 10 ends the first charging stage. The voltage detection sensor connected to the upper plate 216 detects the second terminal voltage of the lead-acid battery body 10 at this time, and adjusts the corresponding constant voltage according to the second terminal voltage, and charges the lead-acid battery body 10 through the constant voltage charger. At this time, the lead-acid battery body 10 is in the second charging stage, that is, the constant voltage charging stage.

[0063] Furthermore, since the constant voltage charging stage is completed, the lead-acid battery body 10 will discharge itself and consume a part of the power. Fig.11 As shown, this embodiment also discloses a power replenishment module 30. After the second charging stage is finished, the power replenishment module 30 controls the constant current charger to work, so as to replenish the power consumed by the lead-acid battery body when it discharges.

[0064] like Fig.12 As shown, the technical effect of this embodiment is further verified by comparing with this embodiment.

[0065] Control group 1: Charge at a constant current for 3 hours to detect whether the terminal voltage of the lead-acid battery reaches the preset value. If it is less than the preset value, continue charging at a constant current. If it is greater than the preset value, switch to the constant voltage charging stage.

[0066] Control group 2: charging with a constant current to detect whether the charging temperature of the lead-acid battery at this time reaches a preset value. If it is less than the preset value, charging with a constant current continues; if it is greater than the preset value, switching to the constant voltage charging stage.

[0067] With this charging method of the present embodiment, the service life of the lead-acid battery is significantly longer than that of control groups one and two.

[0068] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An adaptive charging protection system for lead-acid batteries, comprising a lead-acid battery body and a charging module, wherein the lead-acid battery body has a positive charging interface and a negative charging interface, and the charging module is clamped between the positive charging interface and the negative charging interface to charge the lead-acid battery body. It is characterized in that The lead-acid battery body has a first charging stage and a second charging stage, and the charging module includes: A power adapter, the power adapter is used to detect a first terminal voltage and a second terminal voltage of at least one group of lead-acid battery bodies, and adjust a corresponding charging voltage according to the first terminal voltage of the lead-acid battery bodies; A constant current charger, wherein the constant current charger adjusts a constant current according to a corresponding charging voltage and enters a first charging stage; A charging feedback device, the charging feedback device comprising a cap and a gas sensor; A constant voltage charger, wherein the constant voltage charger adjusts a corresponding constant voltage according to the second terminal voltage and enters a second charging stage; Wherein, the positive charging interface and the negative charging interface are both provided with a connecting chamber, and a pole is provided inside the connecting chamber, and the pole runs through the connecting chamber and communicates with the electrolyte inside the lead-acid battery body. The cap is installed on the positive charging interface and the negative charging interface, and is connected to the gas sensor through an output tube. The gas sensor is used to detect whether the lead-acid battery body generates gas evolution. If gas evolution occurs, the lead-acid battery body is switched from the first charging stage to the second charging stage, wherein, The positive charging interface and the negative charging interface are both provided with a connecting chamber, and a pole is provided inside the connecting chamber, and the pole penetrates the connecting chamber and communicates with the electrolyte inside the lead-acid battery body. The communicating chamber is composed of a sealed cavity and an air cavity, the inner diameter of the sealed cavity is smaller than the inner diameter of the air cavity, the pole is composed of a movable end and a connecting end, the connecting end penetrates the cylinder and is fixedly connected to the inside of the lead-acid battery body, and the connecting end is located in the air cavity, the diameter of the connecting end is smaller than the inner diameter of the air cavity, so that a gap is formed between the outer wall of the connecting end and the inner wall of the air cavity, The movable end is slidably connected to the connecting end via a spring, and the movable end is located in the sealing cavity. The diameter of the movable end is the same as the inner diameter of the sealing cavity, and the movable end is used to seal the sealing cavity. The movable end is pushed toward the direction close to the connection end, and the movable end is separated from the sealed cavity, so that the movable end is located in the air cavity, and the gap formed between the outer wall of the connection end and the inner wall of the air cavity is opened. The charging feedback device includes a cap and a gas sensor. The cap is connected above the positive charging interface and the negative charging interface. The cap is connected to the gas sensor via an output tube. The gas sensor is used to detect whether the positive charging interface and the negative charging interface generate gas. The cap is composed of a cap body, a push rod and an air hole. A connecting cavity is arranged in the middle of the cap body, and the connecting cavity matches the positive charging interface and the negative charging interface. A push rod is also provided on one side of the connecting cavity. The diameter of the push rod is smaller than the diameter of the movable end, and the length of the push rod is greater than the length of the sealing cavity. The push rod is used to push the movable end to move downward.

2. The lead-acid battery adaptive charging protection system according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The power adapter includes two charging connectors and a power switch, the charging connector is connected to the power switch, and the two charging connectors are respectively connected to the positive charging interface and the negative charging interface for charging the lead-acid battery body.

3. The lead-acid battery adaptive charging protection system according to claim 2, It is characterized in that The charging connector includes a shell, a receiving portion is formed at the bottom of the shell, a wiring assembly is connected to the side wall of the shell, wiring terminals are arranged on both sides of the wiring assembly, a terminal post is arranged in the middle of the wiring assembly, the terminal post is connected to a connecting buckle, and the connecting buckle is respectively clamped on the positive charging interface or the negative charging interface for charging the lead-acid battery body. Among them, an upper mounting piece is arranged on the top of the connecting buckle, and the upper mounting piece is used to connect a voltage detection sensor, and the voltage detection sensor is used to detect the terminal voltage of the lead-acid battery body.

4. The lead-acid battery adaptive charging protection system according to claim 3, It is characterized in that The connecting buckle includes a wiring cavity, the inner diameter of which is the same as the diameter of the positive charging interface and the negative charging interface. The wiring cavity is clamped on the outer wall of the positive charging interface or the negative charging interface, and an elastic clamping wall is also provided on one side of the wiring cavity.

5. The lead-acid battery adaptive charging protection system according to claim 4, It is characterized in that The power switch comprises a circuit board, on which a first voltage terminal, a second voltage terminal and a third voltage terminal are arranged. The first voltage terminal, the second voltage terminal and the third voltage terminal each have a wiring switch, and the corresponding wiring switch is closed to the left or opened to the right to control the charging connector to be connected to the first voltage terminal, the second voltage terminal and the third voltage terminal. The bottom of the wiring switch is provided with a bearing seat, on which a movable part is rotatably connected, and the movable part is connected to a control cylinder, and the control cylinder is used to push the movable part to rotate on the bearing seat. The movable part comprises an inner cavity, the wiring switch is located on the inner wall of the inner cavity, the inner cavity has a lower pressure plate and a pull rod, the lower pressure plate is obliquely installed in the inner cavity of the movable part, and the pull rod is fixedly connected to the movable part.

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