A test method for reactor high temperature pressure vessel

Abstract

A reactor high temperature pressure vessel test method includes the following steps: providing a scaled high temperature pressure vessel test device and calculating the deviation volume of the fluid filling amount, thereby determining the volume of a compensating filling device; determining the installation area and structure of the compensating filling device according to the test area, manufacturing and installing the compensating filling device; wherein the compensating filling device includes a porous container and a ceramic block, the ceramic block is contained in the porous container, and the total volume of the ceramic block provides compensation for the deviation volume. This method improves the reliability and accuracy of the test device while accurately compensating for the deviation volume, simplifies the test process, and improves the efficiency of the reactor high temperature pressure vessel simulation test.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of nuclear power, and in particular relates to a test method for a reactor high-temperature pressure vessel. Background Art

[0002] Pressurized water nuclear reactors have complex structures and high safety requirements. During the design process, complex verification tests need to be carried out to simulate the physical phenomena in the reactor and verify the comprehensive performance of parts and systems. Limited by the test cost and manufacturability, simulation tests of reactor high-temperature pressure vessels are usually carried out in a scaled-down manner. However, due to the structural characteristics of high-temperature and high-pressure equipment and the limitations of the manufacturing process, the structures in some containers cannot actually be reduced in proportion, resulting in a relatively large reduction ratio of the fluid filling volume inside the scaled-down simulation device of the high-temperature pressure vessel. Therefore, it is necessary to set fillers in the flow channel for compensation. Currently, the commonly used methods include filling refractory bricks in the flow channel or increasing the wall thickness of the flow channel container to compensate for the proportional error of the simulation. However, refractory bricks have poor strength and wear resistance, and are prone to debris that affects the test; and increasing the thickness of the metal wall of the pressure vessel will cause heat storage distortion due to the increase in metal mass; further, the internal structure of the high-temperature pressure vessel is relatively complex, and the requirements for the installation position of the filler are relatively complex. Whether filling refractory bricks or increasing the metal wall of the pressure vessel are limited by the manufacturing process, it is difficult to fully meet the diverse filling needs on site. Therefore, providing a reactor high temperature pressure vessel testing method that can accurately compensate for scaled-down simulation errors has high practical value for improving the efficiency and accuracy of reactor scaled-down simulation tests. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a test method for a reactor high temperature pressure vessel to improve the accuracy of a scaled simulation test.

[0004] An embodiment of the present invention provides a reactor high-temperature pressure vessel testing method, comprising the following steps: providing a scaled-down high-temperature pressure vessel testing device, determining a test area within the scaled-down high-temperature pressure vessel testing device and theoretical operating conditions within the test area, and calculating a deviation volume between a fluid filling amount within the scaled-down high-temperature pressure vessel testing device and a theoretical scaled-down filling amount, and determining the volume of a compensating filling device; using an area outside the test area within the scaled-down high-temperature pressure vessel testing device as an installation area for the compensating filling device, and determining the structure of the compensating filling device; providing and installing the compensating filling device, wherein the compensating filling device comprises a porous container and a ceramic block, the porous container being fixed in the installation area and enclosing the ceramic block, and the total volume of the ceramic block providing compensation for the deviation volume.

[0005] The test method eliminates the proportional error of fluid filling by setting a compensating filling device in the scaled high-temperature pressure vessel test device, and at the same time, utilizes the advantages of high hardness and low heat storage of ceramic materials to improve the reliability of the test device and reduce the thermal error caused by the compensating filling device. Furthermore, the compensating filling device adopts a structure of filling ceramic blocks in a porous container, which is convenient for flexibly and quickly correcting the compensating filling volume according to the actual state of the test site, effectively improving the test efficiency.

[0006] Further, in some embodiments, the ceramic block includes ceramic spheres with at least two different diameters, wherein the ceramic sphere with the largest diameter is the first filler, and the ceramic sphere with the smallest diameter is the second filler, the diameter ratio of the first filler to the second filler is in the range of 2-20, the total volume ratio of the first filler to the second filler is in the range of 1-10, and the average diameter of the ceramic spheres does not exceed 5% of the equivalent diameter of the cross section of the compensating filling device. The stacking rate of a single equal ball pile is about 0.74, and the second filler with a smaller radius can fill the gap of the first filler, thereby improving the volume utilization of the compensating filling device.

[0007] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the method further includes a step of filling the compensating filling device, and the filling method of the compensating filling device is: providing the porous container, and filling the ceramic spheres into the porous container in equal amounts in n+1 times, and each time filling the ceramic spheres in order from large to small diameters, wherein n is the number of types of diameters of the ceramic spheres. Loading in batches helps to evenly mix ceramic spheres of different diameters and improve the stacking rate.

[0008] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the material of the ceramic block includes one or more of silicon nitride ceramics, zirconium oxide ceramics, silicon carbide ceramics, and high-purity alumina ceramics. Ceramic materials have high hardness and good chemical stability, and can be stably used for a long time under high temperature and high pressure test conditions.

[0009] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the surface of the ceramic block is provided with a combination of one or more of a TiN coating, a CrN coating, a TiC coating or a Cr3C2 coating. The coating can further increase the hardness of the ceramic block and improve the wear resistance.

[0010] Furthermore, in some embodiments, at least part of the surface of the porous container is made of a metal perforated plate.

[0011] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the metal plate has an opening rate of not less than 50%. The metal plate with a high opening rate can always keep the fluid pressure inside and outside the compensation filling device balanced, reduce the impact of the fluid on the container itself, and avoid structural damage.

[0012] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the minimum width of the opening of the metal plate does not exceed 50% of the minimum width of the projection of the ceramic block in any direction. The opening of the metal plate should ensure that the ceramic block does not leak out.

[0013] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the metal orifice plate is configured as a stainless steel orifice plate, which is easy to manufacture and process on-site sheet metal.

[0014] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the installation method of the compensation filling device includes: first installing the porous container in the installation area, and then filling the porous container with the ceramic block. Installing the porous container first and then filling the ceramic block can improve the flexibility of the installation arrangement of the compensation filling device and reduce the difficulty of assembly. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a scaled-down high-temperature pressure vessel testing device in one embodiment;

[0016] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the single body structure of a compensation filling device in one embodiment;

[0017] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of filling ceramic spheres in a porous container in one embodiment;

[0018] Figure 4 The present invention is a flow chart of a reactor high temperature pressure vessel testing method in one embodiment.

[0019] The meaning of the reference numerals: 1-scaled high-temperature pressure vessel shell; 2-simulated core; 3-simulated upper chamber; 4-upper mounting area; 5-lower mounting area; 6-porous container; 61-end plate; 62-bottom plate; 63-inner plate; 64-outer plate; 65-plate holes; 66-reinforcement ribs; 71-first filler; 72-second filler.

[0020] The purpose of the above drawings is to explain the present invention in detail so that those skilled in the art can understand the technical concept of the present invention, but it is not intended to limit the present invention. For the sake of simplicity, the above drawings only schematically illustrate the structures related to the technical features of the present invention, and do not strictly follow the actual proportions to draw the complete structure and all details. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The present invention is further described in detail below through specific embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0022] Reference to "embodiments" herein means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in conjunction with the embodiments may be included in at least one embodiment of the present invention. The phrase appearing in various locations in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it limited to mutually exclusive independent or alternative embodiments. Those skilled in the art should be able to understand that the embodiments herein may be combined with other embodiments without causing structural conflicts.

[0023] In the description of this article, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the technical terms "installed", "connected", "connected" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, which can be a movable connection, a fixed connection or an integral connection. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0024] In the description of this document, terms indicating orientation or positional relationships, such as "up", "down", "left", "right", "horizontal", "vertical", "height", "length", and "width", are intended to accurately describe the embodiments and simplify the description, but are not intended to limit the parts or structures involved to have a specific orientation, be installed or operate in a specific orientation, and should not be construed as a limitation on the embodiments in this document.

[0025] In the description of this article, the terms "first", "second" and the like are only used to distinguish different objects, and cannot be understood as indicating relative importance or limiting the quantity, specific order or primary and secondary relationship of the described technical features. In the description of this article, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two.

[0026] The design of pressurized water nuclear reactors is complex and particular, and relies on relevant tests to verify the design and support safety review. Generally, separation effect tests and overall effect tests are required to test and verify local phenomena and overall performance and obtain relevant data. Separation effect tests focus on simulation tests of single or several physical phenomena; overall effect tests focus on simulation of comprehensive performance such as the impact between various systems and physical phenomena of the nuclear reactor as a whole.

[0027] Both types of tests may involve simulations of high-temperature and high-pressure vessels. In particular, the overall effect test, because it needs to simulate the entire nuclear reactor system, must include the simulation of high-temperature and high-pressure vessels (such as reactor pressure vessels, steam generator vessels, containment, etc.). According to the international mainstream practice, due to cost and feasibility, it is impossible to simulate high-temperature and high-pressure vessels at a 1:1 ratio during the test, but a reduced-scale simulation is required. However, during the scaled-down simulation, due to the complexity of the internal structure of the high-temperature and high-pressure vessel, the internal structure of the container is difficult to reduce in proportion, and the amount of fluid inside the high-temperature and high-pressure vessel may be too large from a proportional perspective, and a certain amount of filler needs to be placed to compensate.

[0028] At present, the commonly used filling methods include using built-in refractory bricks (such as clay bricks) or artificially increasing the simulated internal structure and wall thickness. However, these two schemes bring the following problems: 1) Refractory bricks have poor strength and wear resistance. When conducting tests with drastic changes in working conditions, some debris may be peeled off due to vibration or scouring, affecting the test results; 2) Artificially increasing the internal structure and wall thickness increases the metal mass, causing heat storage distortion in the test results; 3) Both schemes have certain requirements for the filling position and are not flexible enough. The above may result in poor similarity to the simulation of the actual reactor high temperature and high pressure vessel, thereby affecting the accuracy of the test simulation, reducing the quality of the test data, and further affecting the design verification and safety review.

[0029] In order to solve the above problems, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for testing a reactor high temperature pressure vessel. Figure 4 As shown, the following steps are included:

[0030] First, determine the test purpose and test requirements, specify the test condition matrix according to the test purpose, determine the specific test conditions, as well as the test phenomena that need to be studied under the corresponding conditions and the locations where these test phenomena occur.

[0031] Next, a scaled-down high-temperature pressure vessel test device is designed and built using methods such as two-way stratified proportional analysis (H2TS) or power-volume proportional analysis to determine the deviation volume between the fluid filling amount in the container and the theoretical scaled-down filling amount, that is, the degree of distortion of the fluid filling amount, and then obtain the volume that needs to be compensated by installing a compensating filling device.

[0032] According to the theoretical distribution of the test phenomena as the research object in the device, the important areas related to the test phenomena in the scaled high-temperature pressure vessel test device are identified as the test focus areas, and the positions outside the test focus areas are used as the installation areas of the compensating filling device. Then, the size, shape, structure and installation position of the compensating filling device are designed according to the structural characteristics, temperature and stress conditions and available space of the installation area.

[0033] The compensating filling device consists of a porous container and a ceramic block. The porous container is fixed on the inner wall of the installation area of ​​the scaled high-temperature pressure vessel test device and provides containment for the ceramic block. The total volume of the ceramic block provides compensation for the deviation volume.

[0034] In a preferred embodiment, the ceramic block may be ceramic spheres having at least two different diameters, wherein the ratio of the largest diameter to the smallest diameter of the ceramic spheres is in the range of 2-20, and the ratio of the total volume of the ceramic spheres with the largest diameter to the total volume of the ceramic spheres with the smallest diameter is in the range of 1-10. The average diameter of all ceramic spheres does not exceed 5% of the equivalent diameter of the cross section of the compensating filling device.

[0035] In a further preferred embodiment, when the ceramic spheres are loaded, they are loaded in equal amounts in batches. When the ceramic spheres have multiple diameters, they are loaded in order of diameter from large to small each time. After each loading, the porous container is vibrated to promote uniform mixing of the ceramic spheres. For example, when the ceramic spheres have two specifications, they should be loaded in three times. Each time, 1 / 3 of the total amount of large-diameter spheres is loaded first, and then 1 / 3 of the total amount of small-diameter spheres is loaded. After vibrating evenly, the next loading is performed. When the ceramic spheres have n specifications, in a preferred embodiment, they are loaded in equal amounts in n+1 times.

[0036] In some embodiments, in addition to the sphere, the filled ceramic block can also adopt other structures, such as ellipsoidal, regular polyhedral, or special-shaped structures similar to the arc-surface block of the breakwater, such as twisted W-shaped block, twisted I-shaped block or tetrahedral pyramid. The surface of the structure such as sphere, ellipsoid or regular polyhedron is subjected to more uniform force, and it is not easy to break or wear due to collision; while the ceramic blocks of special-shaped structures are easy to lock each other, and it is not easy to move when subjected to fluid impact, thereby reducing the vibration of the compensation filling device. In different embodiments, the ceramic block can be made of a single material or multiple materials with high hardness and good chemical stability such as silicon nitride ceramics, zirconium oxide ceramics, silicon carbide ceramics, high-purity alumina ceramics. In order to further improve the hardness of the surface of the ceramic block and improve the wear resistance, a wear-resistant coating such as TiN coating, CrN coating, TiC coating or Cr3C2 coating can also be set on the surface of the ceramic block. The coating can be a single coating or a composite coating, and different coatings can be set on the surface of different ceramic blocks.

[0037] In a preferred embodiment, at least part of the surface of the porous container is made of a metal orifice plate, such as a stainless steel orifice plate. The stainless steel orifice plate is easy to manufacture, cut and shape, and can be flexibly processed into a desired structure according to design requirements. In some embodiments, the porous container can be welded together using multiple pieces of stainless steel orifice plates, or can be connected to each other using rivets or metal straps, or can be directly welded to the container wall surface of the test area using a single piece of integrally cast orifice plate. In a preferred embodiment, the surface of the compensating filling device along the flow direction of the fluid in the scaled high-temperature pressure vessel is set as an orifice plate to reduce the impact of the fluid.

[0038] In a preferred embodiment, the opening rate of the orifice plate is not less than 50% of the surface area, so that the pressure balance inside and outside the porous container can be maintained when the fluid in the reactor high temperature pressure vessel test device changes violently in a transient manner. The opening of the metal orifice plate can be a circular hole, or a long hole, a cross hole, or a special-shaped hole. In a preferred embodiment, the minimum width of the opening (i.e., the maximum diameter of a sphere that can pass through the opening) should not be less than 50% of the minimum width of the projection of the ceramic block in any direction, so as to prevent the ceramic block from leaking out of the porous container.

[0039] The compensating filling device can first complete the filling of the ceramic blocks in the porous container, and then be installed in the designated installation area of ​​the reactor high-temperature pressure vessel test device; in some embodiments, the compensating filling device is heavy after filling, and the working space in the installation area is limited and it is inconvenient to lift it, so the porous container can be preliminarily assembled but not closed, and first installed in the designated installation area, and then the ceramic blocks are filled therein, and finally the porous container is closed to complete the installation.

[0040] After completing the installation of the compensating filling device, the fluid filling quantity is reviewed to check whether the degree of distortion of the fluid filling quantity is within the acceptable range of the test. If the degree of distortion is still beyond the acceptable range, the compensating filling device can be adjusted on site. The adjustment methods include increasing or decreasing the ceramic blocks in the porous container and changing the number of compensating filling devices.

[0041] In a preferred embodiment, in order to study the thermal hydraulic behavior in the reactor pressure vessel under accident conditions, the physical phenomenon to be studied in the simulation test is the two-phase flow of high-temperature and high-pressure fluid in the vessel. The pressure range of the test simulation conditions is 0.1MPa-15.5MPa, the test temperature range is 100℃-350℃, and the local maximum flow rate range is 0-150m / s. Based on the test purpose and test conditions, the proportional analysis method is used to design the following Figure 1 The scaled high temperature pressure vessel shown in the figure includes a scaled high temperature pressure vessel shell 1, which is used to provide a flow field environment for the simulation test and to constrain the internal conditions of the high temperature and high pressure test. The simulated core 2 is arranged at the lower part of the inner cavity of the scaled high temperature pressure vessel shell 1, and the upper part of the simulated core 2 is a simulated upper chamber 3. According to the calculation results of the proportional analysis, it is determined that the fluid loading in the container is too large, and the deviation volume that needs to be compensated by filling is calculated.

[0042] The two-phase flow phenomenon mainly occurs in the area where the simulated core 2 and the simulated upper chamber 3 are located. Therefore, when filling and compensating the volume, the corresponding positions should be avoided, and the areas in the scaled high-temperature pressure vessel shell 1 that have less impact on the two-phase flow phenomenon, namely the upper installation area 4 and the lower installation area 5, are determined. Considering the spatial conditions of the installation area, the compensation filling device is designed as two annular filling bodies, each of which adopts four Figure 2The porous container 6 shown is circumferentially spliced. Each porous container 6 is equipped with a 1 / 4 arc-shaped piece, and the end plates 61 of two adjacent porous containers 6 are abutted to form a ring structure. The end plates 61 at both ends of the porous container 6 and the upper and lower bottom plates 62 are configured as perforated plates, the aperture of the plate hole 65 is 0.5mm, and the center distance of the opening is 5mm, wherein the bottom plate 62 is also provided with reinforcing ribs 66; the outer plate 64 is welded and fixed to the inner wall of the scaled high-temperature pressure vessel shell 1, and the inner plate 63 plays a reinforcing support role. The inner plate 63 and the outer plate 64 are both made of arc-shaped plates without holes. All parts of the porous container 6 are made of stainless steel and connected by welding, and the thickness of the steel plate is 5mm.

[0043] like Figure 3 As shown, the porous container 6 is filled with a spherical first filler 71 with a diameter of 5 mm and a spherical second filler 72 with a diameter of 1 mm. Both the first filler 71 and the second filler 72 are made of silicon nitride (Si3N4) ceramics, wherein the first filler 71 accounts for 90% of the total volume of the filler, and the second filler 72 accounts for 10% of the total volume of the filler. By mixing the first filler 71 and the second filler 72, the stacking rate of the spherical filler can be increased, and the space utilization rate can be improved.

[0044] When manufacturing and installing the compensation filling device, first install the four porous containers 6 in the lower installation area 5. The end plate 61, the bottom plate 62 below, the inner plate 63 and the outer plate 64 of each porous container 6 are welded and fixed together to obtain an open container. Next, the filler is loaded in equal amounts three times. Each time the filler is loaded, the first filler 71 accounting for 1 / 3 of the total amount is loaded first, and then the second filler 72 accounting for 1 / 3 of the total amount is loaded. The container is vibrated to mix the filler evenly before the next loading. After the filler is loaded, the upper bottom plate 62 is welded to the open container to complete the closure, and the four porous containers are welded to the lower installation area 5 in turn in the form of end-to-end connection through their respective outer plates 64. When installing the four porous containers 6 in the upper installation area 4, first weld and fix the outer plates 64 of each porous container 6 on the wall surface of the upper installation area 4, and then weld and fix the bottom plate 62, end plate 61 and inner plate 63 below each porous container 6 to obtain an open container fixed in the installation area 4. Next, fill the open container with equal amounts of fillers three times, with the order of first filling the first filler 71 and then the second filler 72. Mechanical stirring is used after each filling to promote uniform mixing of the fillers. After the filling is completed, the upper bottom plate 62 is welded to complete the manufacture of the compensation filling device.

[0045] After the installation of the compensating filling device is completed, the distortion state of the fluid filling amount is checked. If it still cannot meet the test design requirements, the volume correction can be achieved by adjusting the filler in the compensating filling device. In some embodiments, the upper bottom plate 62 of the porous container 6 of the lower installation area 5 is not fixed by welding, but is fixed by binding with metal straps. When the filler needs to be adjusted, the compensating filling device can be opened by removing the metal strap. Taking out part of the filler can increase the actual fluid filling amount, while replacing part of the large-diameter first filler 71 with a small-diameter second filler 72 can reduce the actual fluid filling amount. In other embodiments, the volume error can also be corrected by increasing or decreasing the number of compensating filling devices.

[0046] When the volume compensation provided by the compensating filling device can make the volume error of the fluid filling meet the test requirements, the scaled-down high-temperature pressure vessel test device can be used to carry out two-phase flow research tests under accidents.

[0047] In a comparative example, for a Figure 1 The scaled-down high-temperature pressure vessel test device of the structure shown uses filling materials made of refractory bricks for volume compensation. Under the test conditions, the fluid pressure can reach up to 15.5Mpa and the flow rate can reach up to 150m / s, which is very harsh. The compressive strength of refractory bricks is only about 30MPa, and it is easy to crack and produce debris during the transient alternation of the test conditions. The debris is easily entrained by the test fluid and has a serious impact on the resistance or heat exchange of the test system. If it causes flow channel blockage, it will also cause accident risks. The compressive strength of silicon nitride ceramic ball filler is about 500MPa, and it has good tolerance to test simulation conditions. Furthermore, the refractory brick filling body cannot be processed on-site and needs to be manufactured in advance according to the structural design of the test device. Once the filling volume needs to be adjusted, it will seriously affect the progress of the test.

[0048] In another comparative example, for Figure 1 The scaled high-temperature pressure vessel test device of the structure shown in the figure compensates for the fluid loading distortion by increasing the thickness of the stainless steel wall of the scaled high-temperature pressure vessel shell 1. Since the specific heat capacity of stainless steel is about 500 J / (kgK) and the density is about 7800 Kg / m 3 , the heat capacity of stainless steel is about 3900kJ / K. The specific heat capacity of silicon nitride ceramics is about 710J / (kgK) and the density is only about 3200kg / m 3, the heat capacity of silicon nitride ceramics is about 2272 kJ / k. When filling the same volume, the increased volume of stainless steel will increase the heat storage by 70%, that is, the fluid heat change caused by the heat release of the filler outside the system in the test is 70% higher than that of silicon nitride ceramics, which has a serious impact on the test results. Furthermore, the processing of stainless steel walls is more difficult. Each test requires the manufacture of a corresponding scaled high-temperature pressure vessel shell 1 for different fluid loading distortions, and the manufacturing cost is unacceptable.

[0049] Therefore, the reactor high-temperature pressure vessel testing method provided in the embodiment of the present invention can simply and conveniently correct the fluid filling distortion, while improving the reliability of the test device, avoiding the interference of the filling material on the test results, and facilitating the instant adjustment of the compensation volume according to the needs of the test site, thereby effectively improving the flexibility of the test device, improving the test efficiency, and reducing the test cost.

[0050] The purpose of the above embodiments is to further explain the technical concept of the present invention in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings so that those skilled in the art can understand the technical concept of the present invention. Within the scope of the present invention, the optimization or equivalent replacement of the part structure or method steps involved, and the combination of implementation methods in different embodiments without conflict of structure and principle, all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A reactor high temperature pressure vessel test method, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Providing a scaled high-temperature pressure vessel test device, determining a test area in the scaled high-temperature pressure vessel test device and a theoretical operating condition in the test area, calculating a deviation volume between a fluid filling amount in the scaled high-temperature pressure vessel test device and a theoretical scaled filling amount, and determining a volume of a compensating filling device; Taking the area outside the test area in the scaled high-temperature pressure vessel test device as the installation area of ​​the compensating filling device, and determining the structure of the compensating filling device; The compensating filling device is provided and installed, wherein the compensating filling device includes a porous container and a ceramic block, wherein the porous container is fixed in the installation area and contains the ceramic block, and the total volume of the ceramic block provides compensation for the deviation volume.

2. The reactor high temperature pressure vessel testing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ceramic block includes ceramic spheres with at least two different diameters, wherein the ceramic sphere with the largest diameter is the first filler, and the ceramic sphere with the smallest diameter is the second filler, the diameter ratio of the first filler to the second filler ranges from 2 to 20, the total volume ratio of the first filler to the second filler ranges from 1 to 10, and the average diameter of the ceramic spheres does not exceed 5% of the equivalent diameter of the cross-section of the compensating filling device.

3. The reactor high temperature pressure vessel testing method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The method also includes the step of filling the compensating filling device, wherein the filling method of the compensating filling device is as follows: providing the porous container, and loading the ceramic spheres into the porous container in equal amounts in n+1 times, and each time loading the ceramic spheres in order from large to small diameters, wherein n is the number of types of diameters of the ceramic spheres.

4. The reactor high temperature pressure vessel testing method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The material of the ceramic block includes one or more combinations of silicon nitride ceramics, zirconium oxide ceramics, silicon carbide ceramics, and high-purity alumina ceramics.

5. The reactor high temperature pressure vessel testing method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The surface of the ceramic block is provided with a combination of one or more of a TiN coating, a CrN coating, a TiC coating or a Cr3C2 coating.

6. The reactor high temperature pressure vessel testing method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: At least part of the surface of the porous container is made of a metal perforated plate.

7. The reactor high temperature pressure vessel testing method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The opening rate of the metal perforated plate is not less than 50%.

8. The reactor high temperature pressure vessel testing method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The minimum width of the opening of the metal orifice plate does not exceed 50% of the minimum width of the projection of the ceramic block in any direction.

9. The reactor high temperature pressure vessel testing method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The metal orifice plate is configured as a stainless steel orifice plate.

10. The reactor high temperature pressure vessel testing method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The installation method of the compensation filling device comprises: firstly installing the porous container in the installation area, and then filling the ceramic block into the porous container.

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