Inner and outer cover compatible mechanism of spent fuel transport container bolt automatic mounting and demounting machine

Abstract

The present application relates to the field of spent fuel transport container bolt automatic handling machine, more particularly to a spent fuel transport container bolt automatic handling machine inner and outer cover compatible mechanism, including the positioning base for connecting the transport container bolt, the positioning base is provided with the tightening mechanism for screwing the bolt, the tightening mechanism includes the tightening shaft assembly, the support arm frame and the displacement mechanism, the displacement mechanism is installed on the support arm frame, the support arm frame is provided with the linear guide rail, the tightening shaft assembly is provided with the linear guide groove matched with the linear guide rail, the displacement mechanism drives the tightening shaft assembly, so that the tightening shaft assembly slides along the linear guide rail with the linear guide groove. The spent fuel transport container bolt automatic handling machine inner and outer cover compatible mechanism can complete the positioning function and bolt dismounting function of the inner cover and the outer cover through a set of equipment, improve the adaptability of the automatic handling machine, save the cost, ensure the bolt tightening precision of the inner and outer covers, and improve the production efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of automatic bolt loading and unloading machines for spent fuel transport containers, and more specifically, to an inner and outer cover compatible mechanism for an automatic bolt loading and unloading machine for spent fuel transport containers. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, the uranium company uses NAC-STC containers to transport spent fuel. These are 114-ton stainless steel lead-screened containers, consisting of a main body, a basket, an inner cover, and an outer cover. The inner and outer covers are bolted to the upper forgings. Due to the significant difference in the circular dimensions of the bolt distribution between the inner and outer covers, the usual approach is to use two different sets of equipment to handle the tightening of the bolts separately, each adapting to the tightening requirements of the inner and outer cover bolts. This approach is too costly. In addition, given the special nature of the sealing and unsealing process of spent fuel containers, it is generally necessary to use both inner and outer cover equipment simultaneously, and these devices are frequently transported with the container to different sites for use. Therefore, while using two separate sets of equipment for the inner and outer covers is feasible, it would bring many inconveniences to actual use. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of the defects of the existing technology, the present invention aims to solve the compatibility problem of the inner and outer covers of the automatic bolt loading and unloading machine for spent fuel transport containers, so as to realize the purpose of using one machine as two machines.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: an inner and outer cover compatible mechanism for an automatic bolt loading and unloading machine for spent fuel transport containers, including a positioning base for connecting the bolts of the transport container, a tightening mechanism for tightening the bolts provided on the positioning base, the tightening mechanism including a tightening shaft assembly, a support arm and a displacement mechanism, the displacement mechanism being mounted on the support arm, a linear guide rail being provided on the support arm, the tightening shaft assembly being provided with a linear guide groove matching the linear guide rail, and the displacement mechanism driving the tightening shaft assembly to slide along the linear guide rail with the linear guide groove.

[0005] Furthermore, the displacement mechanism includes two sets of lead screw support seats, a lead screw, a lead screw nut, and a handwheel; the two sets of lead screw support seats are fixed on the support arm, and a lead screw is rotatably connected between the two sets of lead screw support seats. The handwheel is connected to the lead screw and drives the lead screw to rotate. A lead screw nut is threaded onto the lead screw, and the lead screw nut is fixed to the tightening shaft assembly and drives the tightening shaft assembly to slide along the linear guide rail. The lead screw, lead screw nut, and handwheel together constitute the drive for the sliding of the tightening shaft assembly.

[0006] Furthermore, the support arm is provided with a scale marking indicating the position of the tightening shaft assembly. The support arm is also provided with an outer positioning hole and an inner positioning hole. A positioning pin for positioning the tightening shaft assembly is provided in the outer positioning hole or the inner positioning hole. The outer positioning hole corresponds to the positioning of the tightening shaft assembly when it acts on the outer cover bolt, and the inner positioning hole corresponds to the positioning of the tightening shaft assembly when it acts on the inner cover bolt.

[0007] Furthermore, both the outer and inner positioning holes are provided on the support arm, and a positioning hole is provided on the tightening shaft assembly. After the positioning hole on the tightening shaft assembly is aligned with the outer or inner positioning hole on the support arm, it is positioned by a positioning pin.

[0008] Furthermore, there are three tightening shaft assemblies, distributed at 120° intervals, and the three tightening shaft assemblies are distributed on a pitch circle of equal diameter. Each tightening shaft assembly changes its pitch radially along the linear guide rail through a corresponding displacement mechanism.

[0009] Furthermore, the support arm includes three cantilever arms corresponding to the tightening shaft assembly. The ends of the three cantilever arms away from the tightening shaft assembly are integrated into a single unit to form a connection assembly of the support arm. The connection assembly of the support arm is connected to the positioning base through a lifting mechanism. The lifting mechanism drives the support arm and the tightening shaft assembly to move up and down. An automatic indexing and slewing mechanism is provided on the connection assembly of the support arm. The automatic indexing and slewing mechanism drives the support arm to rotate in a centered manner, controlling the circumferential position of the three tightening shaft assemblies to correspond with the bolts.

[0010] Furthermore, the tightening shaft assembly includes a mounting frame, a motor unit, a tightening sleeve, and two reaction sleeves. The motor unit is fixed on the mounting frame, and the output end of the motor unit is connected to the tightening sleeve. The two reaction sleeves are respectively arranged on both sides of the tightening sleeve. The linear guide groove is arranged on the mounting frame, and the mounting frame is slidably connected to the support arm, driving the motor unit, the tightening sleeve, and the two reaction sleeves to move synchronously.

[0011] Furthermore, the mounting frame has a circular assembly cavity at its center, in which an upper support and a lower support are installed. The mounting frame has connecting holes, and the upper and lower supports are respectively provided with connecting pins that assemble with the connecting holes. The connecting pins are fixed to the mounting frame by connecting components. The upper and lower supports have corresponding shaft holes. The motor unit is fixedly connected to the upper support, and the output shaft of the motor unit passes through the shaft hole to connect to a tightening sleeve. The two reaction sleeves are connected to the lower support. The tightening sleeve and the two reaction sleeves are arc-shaped, and the arc is adapted to the arc of the inner cover bolt.

[0012] Furthermore, the mounting bracket, upper support, and lower support each have a pin sleeve formed on the same side, and a pin hole is formed inside the pin sleeve. The pin holes on the mounting bracket, upper support, and lower support are connected and fitted with a removable pin. When the tightening sleeve acts on the inner cover to tighten, the pin is pulled out, the mounting bracket, upper support, and lower support separate, and the reaction sleeve acts. When the tightening sleeve acts on the outer cover to tighten, the pin is inserted, and the mounting bracket, upper support, and lower support are connected as one unit through the pin, and the reaction sleeve has no effect.

[0013] Furthermore, the positioning base is disposed above the inner cover or the outer cover, and a positioning block is retractably provided on the positioning base and positioned by the inner cover limiting pin or the outer cover limiting pin. The positioning block is connected to the positioning base by bolts and supported by top screws.

[0014] Furthermore, the positioning base has a rectangular structure, with a supporting foot suspended at each of its four corners. A positioning block is connected below each supporting foot. The supporting feet are provided with inner cover limiting pin holes and outer cover limiting pin holes for fixing the position of the positioning blocks. The positioning blocks are also provided with inner cover limiting pin holes and outer cover limiting pin holes corresponding to the supporting feet. The inner cover limiting pin holes of the supporting feet and the inner cover limiting pin holes of the positioning blocks are positioned by inner cover limiting pins, and the outer cover limiting pin holes of the supporting feet and the positioning blocks are positioned by outer cover limiting pins. Positioning pins are used for positioning. The outer surfaces of the inner cover limiting pin and the outer cover limiting pin have different shapes and cannot be used interchangeably. The end of the positioning block is provided with a connecting hole that matches the inner / outer cover lifting hole. When the positioning block moves inward and retracts, the inner cover limiting pin is assembled in the inner cover limiting pin hole of the support foot and the positioning block. The connecting hole of the positioning block is connected and fixed with the inner cover lifting hole. When the positioning block moves outward and extends, the outer cover limiting pin is assembled in the outer cover limiting pin hole of the support foot and the positioning block. The connecting hole of the positioning block is connected and fixed with the outer cover lifting hole.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The inner and outer cover compatible mechanism of the automatic loading and unloading machine for spent fuel transport containers of the present invention can complete the positioning function of the inner and outer cover and the bolt disassembly function through a set of equipment, which improves the adaptability of the automatic loading and unloading machine, saves costs, ensures the tightening accuracy of the inner and outer cover bolts, and improves production efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the inner cover;

[0017] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the outer cover;

[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the positioning base and the inner cover;

[0019] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the positioning base and the outer cover;

[0020] Figure 5 Enlarged view of the connection between the positioning block and the support foot;

[0021] Figure 6 Axonometric drawing of the positioning base;

[0022] Figure 7 for Figure 6 Enlarged view of the assembly position of the middle limit pin;

[0023] Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the tightening mechanism;

[0024] Figure 9 for Figure 8 First angle view of the tightening mechanism;

[0025] Figure 10 for Figure 8 Second angle view of the tightening mechanism;

[0026] Figure 11 A schematic diagram of the connection of a single tightening shaft assembly;

[0027] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram showing the positions of the outer and inner positioning holes in the displacement mechanism;

[0028] Figure 13 This is an enlarged view of the displacement mechanism;

[0029] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the tightening shaft assembly structure;

[0030] Figure 15 for Figure 14 First sectional view of the tightening shaft assembly structure;

[0031] Figure 16 for Figure 14 Second sectional view of the tightening shaft assembly structure;

[0032] Figure 17 Enlarged sectional view of the mounting bracket connection structure;

[0033] Figure 18 Assembly drawing of an automated bolt loading and unloading machine for spent fuel transport containers;

[0034] In the diagram: 1. Inner cover, 2. Inner cover lifting hole, 3. Inner cover bolt, 4. Outer cover, 5. Outer cover lifting hole, 6. Outer cover bolt, 7. Positioning base, 8. Positioning block, 9. Support foot, 10. Connecting bolt, 11. Inner cover limiting pin hole, 12. Outer cover limiting pin hole;

[0035] A. Support boom;

[0036] B. Positioning mechanism; B0. Lead screw support seat; B1. Lead screw mechanism; B2. Guide mechanism; B21. Linear guide rail; B22. Linear guide groove; B3. Nut; B4. Handwheel; B5. Outer positioning hole; B6. Inner positioning hole; B7. Positioning pin.

[0037] C. Tightening shaft assembly; C0. Mounting bracket; C1. Motor assembly; C2. Tightening sleeve; C3. Reaction sleeve; C4. Upper support; C5. Lower support; C6. Connecting hole; C7. Connecting pin; C8. Connecting assembly; C9. Pin sleeve; C10. Insert pin.

[0038] D. Lifting mechanism;

[0039] E. Automatic indexing rotary mechanism. Detailed Implementation

[0040] To make the structure and function of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0041] The NAC-STC container's inner cap has 42 bolts with a bolt distribution circle size of 1912.9 mm and a target tightening torque of 3443 ± 271 Nm; while the outer cap has 36 bolts with a bolt distribution circle size of 2126 mm and a target tightening torque of 746 ± 68 Nm. Furthermore, the locating hole distribution differs between the inner and outer caps. Due to the significant differences in the target tightening torque, bolt distribution, and locating hole size, the usual approach is to use two different sets of bolt tightening equipment to handle the tightening of the inner and outer cap bolts separately.

[0042] The purpose of this invention is to solve the compatibility problem of the inner and outer covers of the automatic bolt loading and unloading machine for spent fuel transport containers, thereby enabling one machine to function as two machines.

[0043] To address the compatibility issue of the inner and outer covers of the automatic bolt loading and unloading machine for spent fuel transport containers, this invention solves the compatibility problem from the following four aspects.

[0044] 1) Resolve compatibility issues between the assembly / disassembly machine and the connection and positioning mechanisms of the inner and outer lids of the container;

[0045] 2) Resolve the compatibility issue between the dimensions of the three tightening shafts on the assembly / disassembly machine and the distribution of the inner and outer cover bolts;

[0046] 3) Solve the compatibility problem of the reaction force overcoming mechanism when tightening the inner and outer cover bolts;

[0047] 4) Resolve compatibility issues between the inner and outer covers in the tightening process control, including issues related to the number of bolts, tightening torque, and tightening sequence. These will be explained in detail below.

[0048] First, resolve the compatibility issues between the assembly / disassembly machine and the connection and positioning mechanisms of the inner and outer lids of the container.

[0049] See appendix Figure 1-7 An automatic bolt loading and unloading machine for spent fuel transport containers includes an inner and outer cover compatible mechanism, comprising a positioning base 7 for connecting the transport container bolts. The positioning base 7 is equipped with a tightening mechanism for tightening the bolts. The positioning base 7 is positioned above either the inner cover 1 or the outer cover 4. A positioning block 8 is retractably mounted on the positioning base 7 and positioned by an inner cover limiting pin or an outer cover limiting pin. The positioning block is bolted to the positioning base and supported by a set screw. The positioning base 7 has a rectangular structure, with a support foot 9 suspended at each of its four corners. The positioning block 8 is connected below the support foot 9. The support foot 9 has an inner cover limiting pin hole 11 and an outer cover limiting pin hole 12 for fixing the position of the positioning block 8. The positioning block 8 also has inner cover limiting pin holes 11 and outer cover limiting pin holes 12 corresponding to the support feet. The inner cover limiting pin holes of the support feet and the positioning blocks are positioned by inner cover limiting pins, and the outer cover limiting pin holes of the support feet and the positioning blocks are positioned by outer cover limiting pins. The outer surfaces of the inner cover limiting pin and the outer cover limiting pin have different shapes and cannot be used interchangeably. The end of the positioning block 8 is provided with a connecting hole that matches the inner / outer cover mounting hole. When the positioning block 8 moves inward and retracts, the inner cover limiting pin is assembled in the inner cover limiting pin hole of the support foot and the positioning block. The connecting hole of the positioning block is connected and fixed to the inner cover mounting hole 2 by the connecting bolt 10. When the positioning block moves outward and extends, the outer cover limiting pin is assembled in the outer cover limiting pin hole of the support foot and the positioning block. The connecting hole of the positioning block is connected and fixed to the outer cover mounting hole 5 by the connecting bolt 10.

[0050] Based on the above technical solution, the inner cover limiting pin and the outer cover limiting pin are cylindrical pin and diamond pin, respectively, used to position the support leg 8 and the base 7. The positioning block 8 and the support foot 9 also require bolts for stable connection. The shapes of the inner cover limiting pin hole 11 and the outer cover limiting pin hole 12 are also corresponding cylindrical pin holes and diamond pin holes. Only when the shapes of the limiting pin holes on the positioning block 8 and the support foot 9 correspond can the limiting pins be connected, avoiding misconnection due to the inability to observe the positions of the two pin holes on the positioning block 8.

[0051] The mounting and dismantling machine has four support legs 9 on its base. Each support leg 9 is a set of connecting and positioning fixtures. When using the machine, place it on the cover of the spent fuel transport container, align the four connecting and positioning fixtures with the four lifting holes on the inner cover, and then fix them together using connecting bolts 10. This secures the mounting and dismantling machine and the container inner cover together, achieving coarse positioning of the machine. The bolt distribution and positioning hole positions for the inner and outer covers are shown in [reference needed]. Figure 1-2As shown. Lifting hole 2 of inner cover 1, bolts 3 (42 in total) of inner cover, lifting hole 5 of outer cover 4, bolts 6 (36 in total) of outer cover.

[0052] Because the lifting holes for the inner and outer covers are different (φ1779mm for the inner cover and φ1930.4mm for the outer cover), we designed an adjustable positioning fixture mechanism to ensure compatibility between the two. A schematic diagram of the adjustable positioning fixture mechanism for connecting and positioning the spent fuel transport container bolt automatic loading and unloading machine with the inner and outer covers of the container is shown below. Figure 3-6 The fixture includes a positioning base 7, a positioning block 8, and a support foot 9. When the inner cover 1 is in use, the positioning block 8 retracts inward, and the inner cover limiting pin is inserted into the inner cover limiting pin hole of the support foot and the positioning block. At this time, the fixture is in the retracted state, and the size of the connecting hole of the fixture is consistent with the size of the lifting hole of the inner cover. When the outer cover 4 is in use, the positioning block 8 moves outward and extends. After adjusting the fixture to the extended position, the outer cover limiting pin is inserted into the outer cover limiting pin hole of the support foot and the positioning block, which satisfies the positioning requirements of the outer cover.

[0053] Based on the above technical solution, for ease of adjustment, a limiting groove can be set in the support foot 9 to restrict the movement of the positioning block 8. When the positioning block 8 moves to the extreme positions at both ends, the connecting holes of the positioning block 8 correspond to the inner cover lifting hole 2 and the outer cover lifting hole 5, respectively.

[0054] Secondly, the compatibility issue of the inner and outer cover bolt distribution for the three tightening shafts on the assembly / disassembly machine needs to be resolved.

[0055] The inner cover has 42 bolts with a bolt distribution circle size of 1912.9 mm, while the outer cover has 36 bolts with a bolt distribution circle size of 2126 mm. To solve this problem, we designed the following... Figure 8 The adjustment mechanism for the distribution of the tightening shafts (also called the tightening shaft distribution displacement mechanism) achieves the goal of adjustable distribution circle size of the three tightening shafts.

[0056] See appendix Figure 8-18The automatic bolt loading and unloading machine for spent fuel transport containers includes an inner and outer cover compatible mechanism, comprising a positioning base 7 for connecting the transport container bolts. The positioning base 7 is equipped with a tightening mechanism for tightening the bolts. The tightening mechanism includes a tightening shaft assembly C, a support arm A, and a displacement mechanism B. The displacement mechanism B is mounted on the support arm A and includes two sets of screw support seats B0, a screw B1, a screw nut B3, a guide mechanism B2, and a handwheel B4. The guide mechanism B2 includes a linear guide rail B21 and a linear guide groove B22. The linear guide rail B21 is mounted on the support arm A. On boom A, the tightening shaft assembly is provided with a linear guide groove B22 that matches the linear guide rail B21. The displacement mechanism B drives the tightening shaft assembly C, causing the tightening shaft assembly C to slide along the linear guide rail B21 with the linear guide groove B22. Two sets of lead screw support seats B0 are fixed on the support boom A. A lead screw B1 is rotatably connected between the two sets of lead screw support seats B0. A handwheel B4 is connected to the lead screw B1 and drives the lead screw B1 to rotate. A nut B3 is threaded onto the lead screw B1. The nut B3 is fixed to the tightening shaft assembly C and drives the tightening shaft assembly C to slide along the linear guide rail B21.

[0057] Furthermore, the support arm A is provided with a scale marking indicating the position of the tightening shaft assembly. The support arm A is also provided with an outer positioning hole B5 and an inner positioning hole B6. A positioning pin B7 for positioning the tightening shaft assembly is provided in the outer positioning hole B5 or the inner positioning hole B6. The outer positioning hole B5 corresponds to the positioning of the tightening shaft assembly when it acts on the outer cover bolt, and the inner positioning hole B6 corresponds to the positioning of the tightening shaft assembly when it acts on the inner cover bolt.

[0058] Furthermore, both the outer positioning hole B5 and the inner positioning hole B6 are provided on the support arm A, and a positioning hole is provided on the tightening shaft assembly C. After the positioning hole on the tightening shaft assembly C is aligned with the outer positioning hole B5 or the inner positioning hole B6 on the support arm A, it is positioned by the positioning pin B7.

[0059] Furthermore, there are three tightening shaft assemblies C, which are distributed at 120° intervals. The three tightening shaft assemblies C are distributed on a pitch circle of equal diameter, and each tightening shaft assembly C is radially adjusted along the linear guide rail B21 by a corresponding displacement mechanism B.

[0060] Furthermore, the support arm A includes three cantilever arms corresponding to the tightening shaft assembly C. The ends of the three cantilever arms away from the tightening shaft assembly are integrated into a single unit to form a connection assembly of the support arm. The connection assembly of the support arm is connected to the positioning base 7 through a lifting mechanism. The lifting mechanism drives the support arm A and the tightening shaft assembly C to move up and down. An automatic indexing and slewing mechanism is provided on the connection assembly of the support arm A. The automatic indexing and slewing mechanism drives the support arm to rotate in a centered manner, controlling the circumferential position of the three tightening shaft assemblies C to correspond with the bolts.

[0061] It should be noted that the lifting mechanism and automatic indexing and slewing mechanism described in this embodiment are components of the tightening shaft assembly that enable all bolts to be tightened. The lifting mechanism can move the tightening shaft assembly closer to or further away from the inner and outer cover bolts, and the automatic indexing and slewing mechanism can rotate the tightening shaft assembly as a whole, so that the three tightening shafts act on all the inner and outer cover bolts to tighten or loosen them during multiple indexing and rotation processes. Therefore, the lifting mechanism and automatic indexing and slewing mechanism are necessary components of the automatic bolt loading and unloading machine for spent fuel transport containers, but they are not necessary components of the inner and outer cover compatible mechanism in this application. Therefore, this application does not limit the specific structure of the lifting mechanism and automatic indexing and slewing mechanism. The lifting mechanism and automatic indexing and slewing mechanism can adopt structures that can achieve the corresponding functions in common knowledge. The lifting mechanism and automatic indexing and slewing mechanism can also be controlled by a computer.

[0062] Based on the above technical solution, the support arm A has a frame at its bottom for assembling the tightening shaft assembly C. Linear guide rails B21 are arranged on opposite sides of the frame. The tightening shaft assembly C is slidably mounted within the linear guide rails B21 via linear guide grooves B22, ensuring the stability of the entire tightening shaft assembly sliding process. The displacement mechanism B is located on one side of the frame, while the outer positioning hole B5 and inner positioning hole B6 are located on the opposite side of the frame, facilitating the operation of the positioning pin B7.

[0063] The tightening mechanism of this invention has a core of a 6000Nm tightening shaft and three sets of displacement mechanisms, each corresponding to a tightening shaft, and the three sets are independently adjustable. Each set of adjustment mechanisms includes: two sets of lead screw support seats B0, one set of lead screw mechanism B1, one set of guide rail mechanism B2, one set of lead screw nut B3, and one set of handwheel mechanism B4 and pin mechanism B7, etc.; the positioning mechanism has two positioning holes B5 and B6, wherein the inner positioning hole B6 corresponds to the size of the inner cover, and the outer positioning hole B5 corresponds to the size of the outer cover.

[0064] When adjustment is needed, first pull out the locating pin B7 located in the inner locating hole B6 or the outer locating hole B5. Then, turn the handwheel B4 to change the distribution size of the tightening shaft (clockwise rotation increases the distribution size; counterclockwise rotation decreases the distribution size). The adjustment mechanism has scale markings above the inner and outer locating holes, indicating the inner and outer cover holes. During adjustment, observe these markings. Once the scale corresponds to the desired position, insert the locating pin into the corresponding locating hole to complete the adjustment of one shaft. The adjustment method for other shafts is the same. After adjusting the dimensions of all three shafts, the step of ensuring compatibility between the inner and outer covers is complete.

[0065] Then, the compatibility issues of overcoming the reaction force when tightening the inner and outer cover bolts were addressed.

[0066] See appendix Figure 14-17The tightening shaft assembly includes a mounting frame C0, a motor unit C1, a tightening sleeve C2, and two reaction sleeves. The motor unit C1 is fixed on the mounting frame C0, and the output end of the motor unit C1 is connected to the tightening sleeve C2. The two reaction sleeves C3 are respectively arranged on both sides of the tightening sleeve C2. The linear guide groove B22 is arranged on the mounting frame C0. The mounting frame C0 is slidably connected to the support arm, driving the motor unit C1, the tightening sleeve C2, and the two reaction sleeves C3 to move synchronously.

[0067] Furthermore, the mounting bracket C0 has a circular assembly cavity at its center, in which an upper support C4 and a lower support are installed. The mounting bracket C0 has a connecting hole C6, and the upper support C4 and the lower support C5 are respectively provided with connecting pins C7 that are assembled with the connecting hole C6. The connecting pins C7 are fixed to the mounting bracket C0 through a connecting assembly C8. The upper support C4 and the lower support C5 are provided with corresponding shaft holes. The motor unit C1 is fixedly connected to the upper support C4, and the output shaft of the motor unit C1 passes through the shaft hole and connects to the tightening sleeve C2. The two reaction sleeves C3 are connected to the lower support C5. The tightening sleeve C2 and the two reaction sleeves C3 are arc-shaped, and the arc is adapted to the arc of the inner cover bolt.

[0068] Furthermore, the mounting bracket C0, upper support C4, and lower support C5 each have a pin sleeve C9 formed on the same side. The pin sleeve C9 has a pin hole. The pin holes on the mounting bracket C0, upper support C4, and lower support are connected and equipped with a pluggable pin C10. When the tightening sleeve C2 is applied to tighten the inner cover, the pin C10 is pulled out, and the mounting bracket C0, upper support C4, and lower support C5 are separated. When the reaction sleeve C3 is applied to tighten the outer cover, the pin C10 is inserted, and the mounting bracket C0, upper support C4, and lower support C5 are connected as one unit through the pin C10. The reaction sleeve C3 is not active.

[0069] For safe tightening, this invention incorporates a reaction force overcoming mechanism on the inner cover tightening mechanism. Since the number and distribution of bolts on the outer and inner covers differ, the reaction force mechanism used for the inner cover cannot be applied to the outer cover. Considering the smaller tightening torque of the outer cover, we adopted a reinforced tightening support mechanism, allowing the tightening reaction force to be directly borne by this mechanism. The switching method between the inner and outer cover reaction force mechanisms is as follows:

[0070] When switching from tightening the inner cover to tightening the outer cover, the first step is to switch the reaction mechanism to the pin mechanism: when tightening the inner cover, select pin C10 to be pulled out; when tightening the outer cover, select pin C10 to be inserted. Next, replace the tightening sleeve C2 with the sleeve used for the outer cover. When tightening / loosening the outer cover, the reaction sleeve C3 is ineffective and can be removed.

[0071] Based on the above technical solution, and considering the significant difference in tightening torque between the inner and outer covers, a special design incorporates a reaction sleeve C3 and a pin structure C10. When tightening to a high torque, the pin C10 needs to be pulled out. During tightening, due to the gap between the pin C10 and the sleeve C9, the tightening shaft can swing slightly freely, preventing the tightening reaction force from acting on the linear guide B21. Instead, the reaction sleeve C3, fitted onto the bolt, overcomes the tightening reaction force, thus protecting the linear guide B21. When the pin torque is applied, the linear guide can withstand a relatively small tightening reaction force. In this case, it is not necessary to pull out the pin C10.

[0072] Finally, the compatibility issues between the inner and outer covers in the tightening process control were resolved, including issues such as the number of bolts, tightening torque, and tightening sequence.

[0073] The automatic bolt loading and unloading machine for spent fuel transport containers of the present invention is controlled by a computer. Therefore, this can be achieved simply by designing it in the control program. The HMI of the control system can select the tightening of the "inner cover" or "outer cover", and then the control system will automatically switch the control program to achieve automatic control of tightening / loosening the inner and outer covers.

[0074] This invention, "Compatible Inner and Outer Cover Mechanism for Automatic Bolt Loading and Unloading Machine for Spent Fuel Transport Containers," solves the problem of using a single device for both inner and outer covers in an automatic bolt loading and unloading machine for spent fuel transport containers. This improves the adaptability of the automatic loading and unloading machine, saves costs, ensures the tightening accuracy of the inner and outer cover bolts, and increases production efficiency.

[0075] Therefore, this patent can be applied in any situation where there is a similar need.

[0076] It should be noted that the parts of this invention not described in detail are prior art.

[0077] The above examples are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and many variations are possible. All variations that can be directly derived or conceived by those skilled in the art from the disclosure of the present invention should be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An inner and outer cover compatible mechanism for an automatic bolt loading and unloading machine for spent fuel transport containers, characterized in that: The device includes a positioning base for connecting an inner or outer cover of a transport container. The positioning base is provided with a tightening mechanism for tightening bolts. The tightening mechanism includes a tightening shaft assembly, a support arm, and a displacement mechanism. The displacement mechanism is mounted on the support arm, which is provided with a linear guide rail. The tightening shaft assembly is provided with a linear guide groove that matches the linear guide rail. The displacement mechanism drives the tightening shaft assembly to slide along the linear guide rail with the linear guide groove. The tightening shaft assembly includes a mounting frame, a motor unit, a tightening sleeve, and two reaction sleeves. The motor unit is fixed on the mounting frame, and the output end of the motor unit is connected to the tightening sleeve. The two reaction sleeves are respectively arranged on both sides of the tightening sleeve. The linear guide groove is arranged on the mounting frame. The mounting frame is slidably connected to the support arm, which drives the motor unit, the tightening sleeve, and the two reaction sleeves to move synchronously. The mounting frame has a circular assembly cavity at its center, in which an upper support and a lower support are installed. The mounting frame has connecting holes, and the upper and lower supports are respectively provided with connecting pins that assemble with the connecting holes. The connecting pins are fixed to the mounting frame by connecting components. The upper and lower supports have corresponding shaft holes. The motor unit is fixedly connected to the upper support, and the output shaft of the motor unit passes through the shaft hole and connects to a tightening sleeve. The two reaction sleeves are connected to the lower support. The mounting bracket, upper support, and lower support each have a pin sleeve formed on the same side, and a pin hole is formed inside the pin sleeve. The pin holes on the mounting bracket, upper support, and lower support are connected and fitted with a removable pin. When the tightening sleeve acts on the inner cover to tighten it, the pin is pulled out, the mounting bracket, upper support, and lower support separate, and the reaction sleeve acts. When the tightening sleeve acts on the outer cover to tighten it, the pin is inserted, and the mounting bracket, upper support, and lower support are connected as one unit through the pin, and the reaction sleeve does not function.

2. The inner and outer cover compatible mechanism of the automatic bolt loading and unloading machine for spent fuel transport containers according to claim 1, characterized in that: The displacement mechanism includes two sets of lead screw support seats, lead screw, lead screw nut and handwheel; the two sets of lead screw support seats are fixed on the support arm, and the lead screw is rotatably connected between the two sets of lead screw support seats. The handwheel is connected to the lead screw and drives the lead screw to rotate. The lead screw is threaded with a lead screw nut, and the lead screw nut is fixed to the tightening shaft assembly and drives the tightening shaft assembly to slide along the linear guide rail.

3. The inner and outer cover compatible mechanism of the automatic bolt loading and unloading machine for spent fuel transport containers according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support arm is provided with a scale marking indicating the position of the tightening shaft assembly. The support arm is also provided with an outer positioning hole and an inner positioning hole. A positioning pin for positioning the tightening shaft assembly is provided in the outer positioning hole or the inner positioning hole. The outer positioning hole corresponds to the positioning of the tightening shaft assembly when it acts on the outer cover bolt, and the inner positioning hole corresponds to the positioning of the tightening shaft assembly when it acts on the inner cover bolt.

4. The inner and outer cover compatible mechanism of the automatic bolt loading and unloading machine for spent fuel transport containers according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tightening shaft assembly consists of three parts, spaced 120° apart. The three tightening shaft assemblies are distributed on a pitch circle of equal diameter, and each tightening shaft assembly changes its pitch radially along the linear guide rail through a corresponding displacement mechanism.

5. The inner and outer cover compatible mechanism of the automatic bolt loading and unloading machine for spent fuel transport containers according to claim 4, characterized in that: The support arm includes three cantilever arms corresponding to the tightening shaft assembly. The ends of the three cantilever arms away from the tightening shaft assembly are integrated into a single unit to form a connection assembly of the support arm. The connection assembly of the support arm is connected to the positioning base through a lifting mechanism. The lifting mechanism drives the support arm and the tightening shaft assembly to move up and down.

6. The inner and outer cover compatible mechanism of the automatic bolt loading and unloading machine for spent fuel transport containers according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positioning base is located above the inner or outer cover. The positioning base is equipped with a retractable positioning block, which is positioned by the inner or outer cover limiting pin. The positioning block is connected to the positioning base by bolts and supported by a set screw.

7. The inner and outer cover compatible mechanism of the automatic bolt loading and unloading machine for spent fuel transport containers according to claim 1 or 6, characterized in that: The positioning base has a rectangular structure, with a supporting foot suspended at each of its four corners. A positioning block is connected below each supporting foot. The supporting feet have inner and outer cover limiting pin holes for fixing the positioning blocks. The positioning blocks also have corresponding inner and outer cover limiting pin holes. The inner cover limiting pin holes of the supporting feet and the positioning blocks are positioned by inner cover limiting pins, and the outer cover limiting pin holes of the supporting feet and the positioning blocks are positioned by outer cover limiting pins. The outer surfaces of the inner cover limiting pin and the outer cover limiting pin have different shapes and cannot be used interchangeably. The end of the positioning block is provided with a connecting hole that matches the inner / outer cover mounting hole. When the positioning block moves inward and retracts, the inner cover limiting pin is assembled in the inner cover limiting pin hole of the support foot and the positioning block. The connecting hole of the positioning block is connected and fixed to the inner cover mounting hole. When the positioning block moves outward and extends, the outer cover limiting pin is assembled in the outer cover limiting pin hole of the support foot and the positioning block. The connecting hole of the positioning block is connected and fixed to the outer cover mounting hole.

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