Biomass pyrolysis gas device and method

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of biomass pyrolysis gas, and proposes a biomass pyrolysis gas device and method, which has a feeder, a gasifier and a purification tank, wherein the feeder is used to transport biomass raw materials into the gasifier, the gasifier has a slag outlet, the purification tank is connected to the gasifier, and further comprises: a crusher is connected to the slag outlet of the gasifier, the crusher is used to crush the tailings produced in the gasifier; the tailings feed port of the tailings bin is connected to the crushing outlet of the crusher, the tailings outlet of the tailings bin is connected to the biomass raw material inlet of the feeder; the steel slag powder bin is used to store steel slag, and the steel slag outlet of the steel slag powder bin is connected to the biomass raw material inlet. Through the above technical scheme, the problem of high tar content and low calorific value of fixed bed pyrolysis gas in the prior art is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of biomass pyrolysis gasification, and in particular to a biomass pyrolysis gasification device and method. Background Art

[0002] Under the current historical background, the development and utilization of various new energy sources are in full swing. As a kind of renewable energy, biomass energy has also shined in the industrial field. The utilization of biomass energy in industry is currently divided into three types: one is direct combustion of biomass for heating; the second is the use of biomass to produce biogas and then purify it for power generation or civil gas; the third is the pyrolysis process of biomass to produce pyrolysis gas to provide heat energy.

[0003] In the biomass pyrolysis process, the fuel gas generated by directly pyrolyzing the biomass will contain a large amount of products such as tar and wood vinegar, which will not only reduce the output of combustible gas, but also cause the calorific value of the combustible gas to decrease, affecting the utilization rate of biomass energy. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention provides a biomass pyrolysis gas device and method, which solves the problem of high tar content and low calorific value of fixed bed pyrolysis gas in the related art.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0006] A biomass pyrolysis gasification device comprises a feeder, a gasifier and a purification tank, wherein the feeder is used to transport the biomass raw material into the gasifier, the gasifier has a slag outlet, the purification tank is connected to the gasifier, and further comprises:

[0007] A crusher, the crusher is connected to the slag outlet, and the crusher is used to crush the tailings generated in the gasifier;

[0008] A tailings silo, wherein a tailings feed port of the tailings silo is connected to a crushing outlet of the crusher, and a tailings discharge port of the tailings silo is connected to a biomass raw material inlet of the feeder;

[0009] A slag powder bin is used to store slag, and a slag outlet of the slag powder bin is connected to the biomass raw material inlet.

[0010] Optionally, the lowest end of the purification tank is higher than the highest end of the gasifier, the bottom of the purification tank has a tar outlet, and the tar outlet is connected to the tar reflux port of the gasifier, and further includes:

[0011] an explosion-proof valve, located between the purification tank and the gasifier, the purification tank being connected to the gas outlet of the gasifier through the explosion-proof valve;

[0012] A hot blast furnace, the hot blast furnace is connected to the purification tank, and the hot blast furnace is used to burn gas and output heat;

[0013] The gas switch control valve is arranged between the hot blast furnace and the purification tank, and the gas switch control valve is used to control the opening or closing of the gas pipeline after the purification of the purification tank is completed.

[0014] Optionally, the gasifier has a jacket, and cooling water is contained in the jacket, and further comprises:

[0015] A water tank, the water tank being in communication with a cold water inlet of the jacket, and the water tank being used to provide cooling water to the jacket;

[0016] A cooling tower, wherein the cooling tower inlet is connected to the cold water outlet of the jacket, the circulating water outlet of the cooling tower is connected to the water tank, and the cooling tower is used to cool cooling water;

[0017] A water pump is located between the cooling tower and the jacket, and is used to pump cooling water in the water tank into the jacket.

[0018] Optionally, also include:

[0019] a chimney, connected to the exhaust gas outlet of the hot blast stove;

[0020] A water-gas mixing wind box, the water-gas mixing wind box is connected to the cold water outlet and the exhaust gas return port of the chimney, and the water-gas mixing wind box is used to mix the water vapor generated by the jacket and the exhaust gas generated by the combustion of the hot blast furnace;

[0021] A gasification blower, wherein both ends of the gasification blower are respectively connected to the water-gas mixing box and the bottom of the gasification furnace, and the gasification blower is used to blow the gas mixed in the water-gas mixing box into the gasification furnace.

[0022] Optionally, also include:

[0023] Biomass feeding silo;

[0024] There are several weighing devices, which are respectively arranged at the discharge ports of the tailings bin, the steel slag powder bin and the biomass feeding bin, and the weighing devices are connected to the feeder;

[0025] The elevator is arranged at one side of the feeder, and is used to lift the materials conveyed by the feeder to the furnace body feed port of the gasifier.

[0026] Optionally, also include:

[0027] A vibrating screen is located between the crusher and the gasifier. The crusher is connected to the gasifier through the vibrating screen, and the vibrating screen is used to screen tailings.

[0028] A biomass pyrolysis gasification method includes a feeding process, a pyrolysis gasification process and a waste residue recovery process, wherein the feeding process includes:

[0029] S1-1, adding biomass raw materials into the biomass feeding bin;

[0030] S1-2, the biomass is weighed by the weighing device and then enters the feeder, and the feeder and the elevator send the biomass raw materials into the gasifier for pyrolysis gas treatment;

[0031] The pyrolysis process comprises:

[0032] S2-1, the gasifier will send the fuel gas generated after the biomass gasification into the purification tank for cooling and purification;

[0033] S2-2. After purification, the fuel gas enters the hot air furnace to burn and generate heat, and the exhaust gas generated after combustion is discharged from the chimney.

[0034] Optionally, the pyrolysis process further comprises:

[0035] S2-1.1. The tar or wood vinegar cooled and condensed in the purification tank flows back into the gasifier through the tar outlet at the bottom of the purifier.

[0036] Optionally, the waste residue recovery process includes:

[0037] S3-1, the waste slag produced by the gasifier is screened by a vibrating screen and then enters a crusher;

[0038] S3-1. The waste slag after crushing by the crusher enters the tailings bin. The tailings bin, steel slag powder bin and biomass feeding bin feed the feeder at the same time. The feeder mixes the various materials and transports them to the elevator. The elevator transports the mixed materials to the gasifier.

[0039] S3-2, repeating the pyrolysis gas process and the waste residue recovery process.

[0040] Optionally, also include:

[0041] S4-1, the water pump pumps the cooling water in the water tank into the jacket, and the cooling water cools the gasifier and heats it up before entering the cooling tower;

[0042] S4-2. The water vapor generated by the heating of the cooling water enters the water-gas mixing wind box, and part of the exhaust gas in the chimney also enters the water-gas mixing wind box. The mixed gas is passed into the gasifier through the gasification blower.

[0043] The working principle and beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0044] In the present invention, the biomass raw materials are transported by the feeder to enter the gasifier for pyrolysis, and the pyrolysis-completed gas is purified by the purification tank to generate relatively pure combustible gas. After the biomass raw materials in the gasifier are pyrolyzed, the tailings remaining at the bottom of the furnace include biomass charcoal and ash that are not fully pyrolyzed, which will be discharged from the slag outlet at the bottom of the gasifier. Steel slag is a by-product in the steel industry, with huge output and rich in metal elements such as iron, calcium, and magnesium. It can show stable catalytic activity for biomass pyrolysis and tar conversion in a high-temperature environment. The charcoal in the tailings has a loose and porous structure, which can adsorb large molecular tar, and can also achieve further pyrolysis of charcoal and tar during pyrolysis. Therefore, a crusher and a tailings silo are designed to crush and collect the tailings generated in the gasifier. After being crushed by the crusher, the size of the tailings is comparable to that of the biomass raw materials. When the tailings enter the gasifier, the moisture in the biomass particles will slowly evaporate. While the heat exchange is taking place, the temperature of the pyrolysis gas will decrease, causing the tar and wood acetic acid in the pyrolysis gas to precipitate in liquid form, and then be adsorbed to the surface by the tailings particles and steel slag particles, reducing the concentration of tar and wood acetic acid in the pyrolysis gas, increasing the purity of the pyrolysis gas, and increasing the calorific value of the pyrolysis gas. At the same time, the tar adsorbed on the surface of the steel slag and tailings particles is converted into combustible gas under the catalytic action of high temperature and steel slag, thereby increasing the conversion rate of biomass raw materials, reducing the amount of tar produced, and increasing the service life of the gasifier and related equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0045] The preferred implementation modes will be described below in a clear and understandable manner with reference to the accompanying drawings to further illustrate the above-mentioned characteristics, technical features, advantages and implementation methods of the present invention.

[0046] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the feeder, tailings bin and slag powder bin of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the gasifier and cooler in the present invention.

[0049] In the figure: 1. Feeder, 2. Gasifier, 3. Purification tank, 200, Slag outlet, 4. Crusher, 5. Tailings bin, 510, Tailings feed inlet, 410, Crushing outlet, 520, Tailings outlet, 110, Biomass raw material inlet, 6. Slag powder bin, 610, Slag outlet, 310, Tar outlet, 210, Tar reflux port, 7. Explosion-proof valve, 220, Gas outlet, 8. Hot blast furnace, 9. Gas switch control valve, 1 0. Gas pipeline, 11. Jacket, 12. Water tank, 1110. Cold water inlet, 13. Cooling tower, 1120. Cold water outlet, 1310. Circulating outlet, 14. Water pump, 15. Chimney, 810. Waste gas outlet, 16. Water-gas mixing bellows, 1510. Waste gas reflux port, 17. Gasification blower, 18. Biomass feeding bin, 19. Weighing device, 20. Elevator, 230. Furnace feed port, 21. Vibrating screen. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the specific implementation methods of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, they can also be understood as further technical solutions without creative work. In some figures, components with the same structure or function are only schematically illustrated, or only one of them is marked. In this article, "one" not only means "only one", but also means "more than one", and "several" includes "two" and "more than two".

[0051] In this document, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0052] In addition, in the description of the present application, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used to distinguish the description and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0053] Reference Figure 1~Figure 3 , which is the first embodiment of the present invention, proposes a biomass pyrolysis gasification device, which has a feeder 1, a gasifier 2 and a purification tank 3. The feeder 1 is used to transport the biomass raw material into the gasifier 2. The gasifier 2 has a slag outlet 200. The purification tank 3 is connected to the gasifier 2, and also includes:

[0054] A crusher 4 is connected to the slag outlet 200 of the gasifier 2, and is used to crush the tailings generated in the gasifier 2;

[0055] The tailings feed port 510 of the tailings silo 5 is connected to the crushing outlet 410 of the crusher 4, and the tailings discharge port 520 of the tailings silo 5 is connected to the biomass raw material inlet 110 of the feeder 1;

[0056] The slag powder bin 6 is used to store slag, and the slag outlet 610 of the slag powder bin 6 is connected to the biomass raw material inlet 110 .

[0057] In this embodiment, the biomass raw material is transported by the feeder 1 and enters the gasifier 2 for pyrolysis. The pyrolysis-completed gas is purified by the purification tank 3 to generate relatively pure combustible gas. After the biomass raw material in the gasifier 2 is pyrolyzed, the tailings remaining at the bottom of the furnace include insufficiently pyrolyzed biomass charcoal and ash, which will be discharged from the slag outlet 200 at the bottom of the gasifier 2. Steel slag is a by-product in the steel industry, with a huge output and rich in metal elements such as iron, calcium, and magnesium. It can show stable catalytic activity for biomass pyrolysis and tar conversion in a high-temperature environment. The charcoal in the tailings has a loose and porous structure and can adsorb macromolecular tar. During pyrolysis, the charcoal and tar can also be further pyrolyzed. Therefore, the crusher 4 and the tailings bin 5 are designed to crush and collect the tailings generated in the gasifier 2. After being crushed by the crusher 4, the size of the tailings is comparable to that of the biomass raw material. When the tailings enter the gasifier 2, the moisture in the biomass particles will slowly evaporate. While performing heat exchange, the temperature of the pyrolysis gas will decrease, causing the tar and wood acetic acid in the pyrolysis gas to precipitate in liquid form, and then be adsorbed to the surface by the tailings particles and steel slag particles, thereby reducing the concentration of tar and wood acetic acid in the pyrolysis gas, increasing the purity of the pyrolysis gas, and increasing the calorific value of the pyrolysis gas. At the same time, the tar adsorbed on the surface of the steel slag and tailings particles is converted into combustible gas under the catalytic action of high temperature and steel slag, thereby increasing the conversion rate of the biomass raw material, reducing the amount of tar produced, and increasing the service life of the gasifier 2 and related equipment.

[0058] As a further technical solution, the lowest end of the purification tank 3 is higher than the highest end of the gasifier 2, and the bottom of the purification tank 3 has a tar outlet 310, which is connected to the tar reflux port 210 of the gasifier 2, and further includes:

[0059] The explosion-proof valve 7 is located between the purification tank 3 and the gasifier 2. The purification tank 3 is connected to the gas outlet 220 of the gasifier 2 through the explosion-proof valve 7.

[0060] A hot air furnace 8 is connected to the purification tank 3 and is used to burn gas and output heat;

[0061] The gas switch control valve 9 is arranged on the purifier, and the gas switch control valve 9 is used to control the opening or closing of the gas pipeline 10 after the purification tank 3 is purified.

[0062] In this embodiment, the overall height of the purification tank 3 is higher than the gasifier 2. Even if the combustible gas that has completed pyrolysis in the gasifier 2 has been adsorbed by tailings and steel slag, there will still be tar and wood acetic acid that have not been completely adsorbed, and they will be discharged from the gasifier 2 along with the combustible gas. The purification tank 3 can liquefy the tar and wood acetic acid in the combustible gas and separate them from the combustible gas by cooling the combustible gas, further improving the concentration and calorific value of the combustible gas, and at the same time, it can also reduce the corrosion of tar and wood acetic acid to other equipment, thereby improving the service life of the hot blast furnace 8. The bottom of the purification tank 3 is conical, and the liquefied wood acetic acid and tar enter the tar reflux port 210 of the gasifier 2 at the bottom of the purification tank 3 and through the tar outlet 310, and then return to the gasifier 2 for secondary pyrolysis, thereby improving the utilization efficiency of the biomass raw materials. The explosion-proof valve 7 is arranged between the purification tank 3 and the gasifier 2 to control the flow direction of the pyrolysis gas. The explosion-proof valve 7 does not generate sparks or static electricity during control, thereby improving the safety of the pyrolysis gas. The hot blast furnace 8 is arranged behind the purification tank 3. After the purified pyrolysis gas is burned in the hot blast furnace 8, the heat is collected or utilized, thereby generating economic benefits. The gas control valve can control the flow rate of the pyrolysis gas, etc., to ensure the normal operation and maintenance of the hot blast furnace 8, and to increase the service life of the hot blast furnace 8.

[0063] As a further technical solution, the gasifier 2 has a jacket 11, and the jacket 11 has cooling water, and further includes:

[0064] A water tank 12 is connected to the cold water inlet 1110 of the jacket 11, and the water tank 12 is used to provide cooling water to the jacket 11;

[0065] A cooling tower 13, wherein the inlet of the cooling tower 13 is connected to the cold water outlet 1120 of the jacket 11, and the circulating water outlet 1310 of the cooling tower 13 is connected to the water tank 12, and the cooling tower 13 is used to cool the cooling water;

[0066] The water pump 14 is located between the cooling tower and the jacket 11 , and is used to pump the cooling water in the water tank 12 into the jacket 11 .

[0067] In this embodiment, cooling water is stored in the water tank 12, and the cooling water enters the jacket 11 and the cooling tower 13 through the water pump 14 to realize the circulation of cooling water. The cooling water in the jacket 11 of the gasifier 2 can control the temperature of the gasifier 2 to a certain extent, thereby ensuring the safety of the use of the gasifier 2. The cooling tower 13 is used to cool the cooling water to ensure that the water in the jacket 11 will not be in a boiling state continuously, and to ensure that the cooling water can play a cooling effect.

[0068] As a further technical solution, it also includes:

[0069] The chimney 15 is connected to the exhaust gas outlet 810 of the hot blast stove 8;

[0070] The water-gas mixing box 16 is connected to the cold water outlet 1120 and the exhaust gas return port 1510 of the chimney 15, and the water-gas mixing box 16 is used to mix the water vapor generated by the jacket 11 and the exhaust gas generated by the combustion of the hot blast furnace 8;

[0071] The gasification blower 17 is connected to the water-gas mixing box 16 and the bottom of the gasification furnace 2 . The gasification blower 17 is used to blow the gas mixed by the water-gas mixing box 16 into the gasification furnace 2 .

[0072] In this embodiment, the main component of the pyrolysis gas is carbon monoxide, which will become carbon dioxide after combustion in the hot blast furnace 8 and be discharged from the chimney 15. The water vapor in the jacket 11 and the exhaust gas generated by the combustion of the hot blast furnace 8 will be mixed in the water-gas mixing box 16 and blown into the bottom of the gasifier 2 through the gasification blower 17. There is incompletely pyrolyzed biochar at the bottom of the gasifier 2. When it encounters water vapor and carbon dioxide, it will undergo a reduction reaction. Carbon can react with water to generate carbon dioxide and hydrogen, and carbon dioxide can react with carbon to generate carbon monoxide. Therefore, carbon dioxide and water vapor can be used as gasifying agents to synergistically utilize carbon dioxide and water vapor in the biomass reforming gasification process, so that the gas yield is further improved. The utilization efficiency of the gasifier 2 for biomass raw materials is improved. Under the reduction of carbon monoxide and hydrogen in the pyrolysis gas, metal oxides such as CaO, Fe2O3, MgO, and Al2O3 in the steel slag form relatively stable Fe2O3 and MgFe2O4 crystals on the surface of the steel slag, further improving the catalytic performance, thereby promoting the decomposition of wood tar and wood acetic acid macromolecules, reducing the content of condensable precipitates in the pyrolysis gas, and increasing its calorific value. Under the support of the steel slag coupled tailings catalyst, the water-gas reaction of carbon dioxide or water vapor on the high-temperature carbon surface is more intense, and the carbon monoxide and hydrogen content in the pyrolysis gas is further increased, thereby increasing the calorific value of the pyrolysis gas.

[0073] As a further technical solution, it also includes:

[0074] Biomass feeding silo 18;

[0075] There are several weighing devices 19, which are respectively arranged at different discharge ports of the tailings bin 5, the steel slag powder bin 6 and the biomass feeding bin 18, and the weighing devices 19 are connected to the feeder 1;

[0076] The elevator 20 is arranged at one side of the feeder 1 , and is used to lift the materials delivered by the feeder 1 to the furnace body feed inlet 230 of the gasifier 2 .

[0077] In this embodiment, the biomass feeding bin 18 can store a certain amount of biomass particles, and enter the feeder 1 and the elevator 20 through the discharge port at the bottom to complete the transportation of the biomass particles. The weighing device 19 can weigh the tailings, steel slag and biomass particles respectively, so that the three materials can be mixed in a certain proportion to ensure the effect of the gasifier 2. The feeder 1 is an auger feeder, and can also be other forms such as a conveyor belt or a storage bin. The auger feeder can mix multiple materials during the transportation process, so that the materials have been mixed more fully when entering the elevator 20, which improves the catalytic effect of steel slag and tailings on pyrolysis.

[0078] As a further technical solution, it also includes:

[0079] The vibrating screen 21 is located between the crusher 4 and the gasifier 2. The crusher 4 is connected to the gasifier 2 through the vibrating screen 21. The vibrating screen 21 is used to screen tailings.

[0080] In this embodiment, the vibrating screen 21 is used to screen the tailings. Since the amount of tailings is not the same, the size and shape of the tailings are not consistent when they are generated. If they are directly placed in the crusher 4, the tailings that are already powder will cause the crusher 4 to generate a large amount of dust, which will cause a heavy burden on the crusher 4 and reduce the life of the crusher 4. Therefore, the vibrating screen 21 is used to screen them, so that the small particles or powders therein are screened out and directly enter the tailings silo 5, thereby increasing the service life of the crusher 4.

[0081] A biomass pyrolysis gasification method includes a feeding process, a pyrolysis gasification process and a waste residue recovery process, wherein the feeding process includes:

[0082] S1-1, adding biomass raw materials into the biomass feeding bin 18;

[0083] S1-2, the biomass is weighed by the weighing device 19 and then enters the feeder 1, and the biomass raw material is sent to the gasifier 2 for pyrolysis gas treatment through the feeder 1 and the elevator 20;

[0084] The pyrolysis process includes:

[0085] S2-1, the gasifier 2 sends the fuel gas generated after the biomass gasification into the purification tank 3 for cooling and purification;

[0086] S2-2, the purified fuel gas enters the hot blast furnace 8 to burn and generate heat, and the exhaust gas generated after the combustion is discharged from the chimney 15.

[0087] In this embodiment, the biomass raw materials will enter the biomass feeding bin for unified management. When pyrolysis is required, the biomass raw materials in the biomass feeding bin 18 will be weighed by the weighing device 19 and enter the feeder 1. After passing through the feeder 1 and the elevator 20, they will enter the gasifier 2 for pyrolysis to generate pyrolysis gas. After the pyrolysis gas is generated, it will be cooled and purified in the purification tank 3. During the purification, after the gas is cooled, the tar and wood acetic acid therein will condense into liquid and be stored in the purification tank 3. The purified gas will enter the hot blast furnace 8 for combustion to generate economic benefits. The exhaust gas generated after combustion will be uniformly discharged from the chimney 15.

[0088] As a further technical solution, the pyrolysis process also includes:

[0089] S2-1.1. The tar or wood vinegar cooled and condensed in the purification tank 3 flows back into the gasifier 2 through the tar outlet 310 at the bottom of the purifier.

[0090] In this embodiment, when the purification tank 3 purifies the fuel gas, the generated liquid wood acetic acid and tar will be stored in the purification tank 3 and flow back into the gasifier 2 through the tar outlet 310 to improve the utilization efficiency of the biomass.

[0091] As a further technical solution, the waste residue recovery process includes:

[0092] S3-1, the waste residue produced by the gasifier 2 is screened by the vibrating screen 21 and then enters the crusher 4;

[0093] S3-1, the waste slag after crushing by the crusher 4 enters the tailings bin 5, and the tailings bin 5, the steel slag powder bin 6 and the biomass feeding bin 18 feed the feeder 1 at the same time, the feeder 1 mixes the various materials and conveys them to the elevator 20, and the elevator 20 conveys the mixed materials to the gasifier 2;

[0094] S3-2, repeating the pyrolysis gas process and the waste residue recovery process.

[0095] In this embodiment, after the biomass raw material is pyrolyzed, tailings are generated. This part of tailings contains a small amount of charcoal and ash. After being screened by the vibrating screen 21 and crushed by the crusher 4, it is collected by the tailings bin 5. After the tailings, steel slag and biomass raw materials are mixed by the feeder 1 and enter the gasifier 2, not only can the utilization efficiency of the biomass raw materials be improved, but also the tailings and steel slag will pass through the gas that has completed pyrolysis when entering the gasifier 2. Due to their porous structure and lower temperature than the gas, the tar and wood acetic acid in the gas will be condensed and adsorbed, thereby improving the purity of the gas. The tailings and steel slag can also catalyze the further pyrolysis of tar, thereby improving the utilization rate of the biomass raw materials.

[0096] As a further technical solution, it also includes:

[0097] S4-1, the water pump 14 pumps the cooling water in the water tank 12 into the jacket 11, and the cooling water cools the gasifier 2 and heats it before entering the cooling tower 13;

[0098] S4-2, the water vapor generated by the heating of the cooling water enters the water-gas mixing box 16, and part of the exhaust gas in the chimney 15 also enters the water-gas mixing box 16, and the mixed gas is passed into the gasification furnace 2 through the gasification blower 17.

[0099] In this embodiment, the water pump 14 can circulate the cooling water in the jacket 11, thereby playing a role in temperature control. When the cooling water is heated, water vapor is generated, and after the water vapor is mixed with carbon dioxide generated by the combustion of the gas, it is blown into the bottom of the gasifier 2 through the gasification blower 17, so that it reacts with the carbon generated by the pyrolysis of the biomass at the bottom of the gasifier 2 under a high temperature environment to increase the speed and effect of the reaction, thereby increasing the gas yield of the biomass.

[0100] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention may be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should all be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A biomass pyrolysis gasification device, comprising a feeder (1), a gasifier (2) and a purification tank (3), wherein the feeder (1) is used to transport biomass raw materials into the gasifier (2), the gasifier (2) has a slag outlet (200), and the purification tank (3) is connected to the gasifier (2), characterized in that: Also includes: A crusher (4), the crusher (4) being in communication with the slag outlet (200), the crusher (4) being used to crush tailings generated in the gasification furnace (2); A tailings bin (5), wherein a tailings feed port (510) of the tailings bin (5) is connected to a crushing outlet (410) of the crusher (4), and a tailings discharge port (520) of the tailings bin (5) is connected to a biomass raw material inlet (110) of the feeder (1), wherein the tailings contain biomass charcoal and ash that are not fully pyrolyzed, and the charcoal has a loose and porous structure and can absorb large molecular tar; A steel slag powder bin (6), the steel slag powder bin (6) being used to store steel slag, the steel slag outlet (610) of the steel slag powder bin (6) being in communication with the biomass raw material inlet (110); The lowest end of the purification tank (3) is higher than the highest end of the gasifier (2), and the bottom of the purification tank (3) is provided with a tar outlet (310), and the tar outlet (310) is connected to the tar reflux port (210) of the gasifier (2), and further comprises: an explosion-proof valve (7) located between the purification tank (3) and the gasifier (2), the purification tank (3) being in communication with the gas outlet (220) of the gasifier (2) via the explosion-proof valve (7); A hot blast furnace (8), the hot blast furnace (8) being in communication with the purification tank (3), the hot blast furnace (8) being used to burn fuel gas and output heat; A gas switch control valve (9) is arranged between the hot air furnace (8) and the purification tank (3), and the gas switch control valve (9) is used to control the opening or closing of the gas pipeline (10) after purification of the purification tank (3) is completed; The gasifier (2) has a jacket (11), wherein cooling water is contained in the jacket (11), and further comprises: a water tank (12), the water tank (12) being in communication with a cold water inlet (1110) of the jacket (11), the water tank (12) being used to provide cooling water to the jacket (11); A cooling tower (13), wherein an inlet of the cooling tower (13) is in communication with a cold water outlet (1120) of the jacket (11), and a circulating water outlet (1310) of the cooling tower (13) is in communication with the water tank (12); the cooling tower (13) is used to cool cooling water; a water pump (14), located between the cooling tower (13) and the jacket (11), the water pump (14) being used to pump cooling water in the water tank (12) into the jacket (11); A chimney (15) connected to an exhaust gas outlet (810) of the hot blast furnace (8); a water-gas mixing box (16), the water-gas mixing box (16) being connected to both the cold water outlet (1120) and the exhaust gas return port (1510) of the chimney (15), the water-gas mixing box (16) being used to mix the water vapor generated by the jacket (11) and the exhaust gas generated by the combustion of the hot blast furnace (8); A gasification blower (17), wherein two ends of the gasification blower (17) are respectively connected to the water-gas mixing box (16) and the bottom of the gasification furnace (2), and the gasification blower (17) is used to blow the gas mixed in the water-gas mixing box (16) into the gasification furnace (2).

2. A biomass pyrolysis gasification device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: Biomass feeding silo (18); There are a plurality of weighing devices (19), which are respectively arranged at the discharge ports of the tailings bin (5), the steel slag powder bin (6) and the biomass feeding bin (18), and the weighing devices (19) are connected to the feeder (1); The elevator (20) is arranged on one side of the feeder (1), and the elevator (20) is used to lift the material delivered by the feeder (1) to the furnace body feed inlet (230) of the gasifier (2).

3. A biomass pyrolysis gasification device according to claim 2, characterized in that: Also includes: A vibrating screen (21) is located between the crusher (4) and the gasifier (2); the crusher (4) is connected to the gasifier (2) via the vibrating screen (21); and the vibrating screen (21) is used to screen tailings.

4. A biomass thermal degassing method, characterized in that: The biomass pyrolysis gasification device according to claim 3 is used for pyrolysis gasification, including a feeding process, a pyrolysis gasification process and a waste residue recovery process, wherein the feeding process includes: S1-1, adding biomass raw materials into the biomass feeding bin (18); S1-2, the biomass is weighed by the weighing device (19) and then enters the feeder (1), and the biomass raw material is sent into the gasification furnace (2) through the feeder (1) and the elevator (20) for pyrolysis gas treatment; The pyrolysis process comprises: S2-1, the gasifier (2) passes the fuel gas generated after the biomass gasification into the purification tank (3) for cooling and purification; S2-2, the purified fuel gas enters the hot blast furnace (8) to burn and generate heat, and the exhaust gas generated after the combustion is discharged through the chimney (15).

5. A biomass pyrolysis method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The pyrolysis process also includes: S2-1.

1. The tar or wood vinegar cooled and condensed in the purification tank (3) flows back into the gasification furnace (2) through the tar outlet (310) at the bottom of the purifier.

6. A biomass pyrolysis method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The waste residue recovery process comprises: S3-1, the waste residue generated by the gasification furnace (2) is screened by the vibrating screen (21) and then enters the crusher (4); S3-1.1, the waste slag after being crushed by the crusher (4) enters the tailings bin (5), the tailings bin (5), the steel slag powder bin (6) and the biomass feeding bin (18) simultaneously feed the feeder (1), the feeder (1) mixes the various substances and conveys them to the elevator (20), and the elevator (20) conveys the mixed material to the gasifier (2); S3-2, repeating the pyrolysis gas process and the waste residue recovery process.

7. A biomass pyrolysis method according to claim 6, characterized in that: Also includes: S4-1, the water pump (14) pumps the cooling water in the water tank (12) into the jacket (11), and the cooling water cools the gasifier (2) and heats it before entering the cooling tower (13); S4-2. Water vapor generated by the heating of cooling water enters the water-gas mixing box (16), and part of the exhaust gas in the chimney (15) also enters the water-gas mixing box (16). The mixed gas is passed into the gasification furnace (2) through the gasification blower (17).

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