A pit type carburizing furnace

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of metal heat treatment, and in particular to a pit-type carburizing furnace, comprising a furnace body and a furnace cover; a furnace cover is arranged on the top of the furnace body; the furnace body comprises a furnace wall, a heat-insulating layer is arranged inside the furnace wall, a heating component is arranged inside the heat-insulating layer, and a heat-collecting cover is arranged inside the heating component; the heat-collecting cover is a barrel-shaped structure, the heating component first heats the heat-collecting cover, and then the heat-collecting cover radiates heat to the workpiece; in order to replace the heating wire more quickly, the present invention: firstly, the circuit access ends at both ends of the old heating wire are disassembled; secondly, one end of the old heating wire is connected to one end of the heating wire to be replaced; finally, the end of the old heating wire that is not connected to the heating wire to be replaced is manually pulled; in this way, when the old heating wire is pulled out, the new heating component is also automatically installed on the winding wheel; in this way, disassembly-free replacement can be achieved; and the efficiency of replacing the heating wire is further improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of metal heat treatment, in particular to a pit-type carburizing furnace. Background Art

[0002] Pit carburizing furnace is a common heat treatment equipment, mainly used for carburizing metal parts to enhance their surface hardness and wear resistance. The working principle of pit carburizing furnace is based on heat treatment technology, which makes the surface of parts carbon-rich at high temperature, thereby improving their hardness and wear resistance. Usually, the parts are placed in a sealed furnace, a high carbon potential atmosphere is formed in the furnace, and the treatment is carried out under certain temperature and time conditions.

[0003] A pit furnace usually consists of a vertical well-shaped chamber with electric or gas heating components inside.

[0004] Existing heating wires are usually fixedly installed on the side wall or bottom of the furnace, and sometimes on the top of the furnace. The specific installation location depends on the furnace type and design. The choice of installation location will affect the uniformity of heating and the temperature distribution in the furnace. Among them, the heating wire, as a consumable part, needs to be replaced from time to time; the existing arrangement of heating wires is not convenient for replacing new heating wires; the disassembly process is time-consuming and labor-intensive;

[0005] In the prior art, after the parts are heated to a certain temperature in the furnace, a carbon-rich atmosphere is injected into the furnace to make the surface of the parts absorb carbon atoms. However, the prior art only introduces the carbon-rich atmosphere gas into the furnace body; the contact between the carbon-rich gas and the workpiece is not ideal. Summary of the invention

[0006] Technical issues solved:

[0007] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a pit-type carburizing furnace, thereby solving the technical problems mentioned in the background technology.

[0008] Technical solution:

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions:

[0010] A pit carburizing furnace comprises a furnace body and a furnace cover; the furnace cover is arranged on the top of the furnace body; the furnace body comprises a furnace wall, a heat preservation layer is arranged inside the furnace wall, a heating component is arranged inside the heat preservation layer, and a heat collecting cover is arranged inside the heating component; the heat collecting cover is a barrel-shaped structure, the heating component first heats the heat collecting cover, and then the heat collecting cover radiates heat to the workpiece;

[0011] The heating assembly includes a support frame, which includes a vertical rod and a mounting ring; a plurality of vertical rods are arranged in an evenly spaced row inside the heat collecting cover; the lower ends of the plurality of vertical rods are fixedly connected to the furnace wall; a plurality of mounting rings are fixedly arranged inside the vertical rods, and the mounting rings are arranged in pairs; winding wheels are arranged inside the mounting rings at equal intervals; the winding wheel includes a hanging wheel and a rotating shaft; the rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the mounting ring; the hanging wheel is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft; a heating wire is arranged between each group of mounting rings; the heating wires are wound on the winding wheel at equal intervals.

[0012] In a possible implementation, the heating wire is wound on upper and lower winding wheels in a folding ruler-shaped track.

[0013] In a possible implementation, the heating wire is made of a high-temperature alloy material.

[0014] In a possible implementation, the steps for replacing the heating wire are as follows:

[0015] The first step is to dismantle the circuit access ends of the old heating wire;

[0016] The second step is to connect one end of the old heating wire to one end of the heating wire to be replaced;

[0017] The third step is to manually pull out the end of the old heating wire that is not connected to the heating wire to be replaced; in this way, when the old heating wire is pulled out, the new heating assembly is automatically installed on the winding wheel.

[0018] In a possible implementation, the thermal insulation layer includes glass wool, rock wool, aluminum silicate fiber, and polyurethane foam; and protective layers are attached to the inner and outer side walls of the thermal insulation layer.

[0019] In a possible implementation, the protective layer is an aluminum sheet; and a supporting structure is also provided inside the thermal insulation layer.

[0020] In a possible implementation, a circulation device is provided on the top of the furnace cover; the circulation device is used to inject a carbon-rich atmosphere into the furnace of the furnace body; and an exhaust hole is provided at the bottom of the furnace wall.

[0021] In one possible implementation, a rotating device is provided on one side of the furnace body; the rotating device includes a machine base, a rotating shaft is provided in the middle of the machine base, and a cantilever is provided at the output end of the rotating shaft; the cantilever can be rotated by starting the rotating shaft; the top of the cantilever is connected to the furnace cover through a lifting device.

[0022] In a possible implementation, the lifting device includes a motor 1, which is fixedly connected to the cantilever, and a pulley 1 is provided at the output end of the motor 1, wherein the cantilever is located directly above the furnace body and has two sets of winding shafts, on which lifting ropes are wound; the two sets of winding shafts are respectively provided with pulleys 2 and 3 at the shaft ends close to the motor 1; the difference between pulley 2 and pulley 3 is that pulley 2 has two belt grooves; and the transmission is carried out in sequence between pulley 1, pulley 2 and pulley 3 through belts.

[0023] In one possible implementation, the circulation device includes a second motor, which is mounted on a fixed frame, and the fixed frame is fixedly mounted on the top of the furnace cover; the output shaft of the second motor is fixedly provided with a long axis, and a centrifugal impeller 1 is fixedly provided on the long axis near the bottom of the fixed frame; the centrifugal impeller 1 is located inside the top of the furnace cover, and air pipes for supplying a carbon-rich atmosphere are provided around the first centrifugal impeller; and a second centrifugal impeller is fixedly provided at the lower end of the long axis.

[0024] Beneficial effects:

[0025] 1. In this solution, in order to replace the heating wire more quickly: first, remove the circuit access ends of the old heating wire; second, connect one end of the old heating wire to one end of the heating wire to be replaced; finally, manually pull out the end of the old heating wire that is not connected to the heating wire to be replaced; in this way, when the old heating wire is pulled out, the new heating component is automatically installed on the winding wheel; this can achieve disassembly-free replacement and further improve the efficiency of replacing the heating wire;

[0026] 2. In this scheme, air pipes for supplying carbon-rich atmosphere are arranged around centrifugal impeller one; centrifugal force is generated by the rotation of centrifugal impeller one, so that the carbon-rich atmosphere can be better blown into the interior of the furnace body; in order to further improve the fluidity of the carbon-rich atmosphere gas inside the furnace body; a centrifugal impeller two is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the long axis; the centrifugal impeller two is a centrifugal blade that blows the airflow downward; the carbon-rich atmosphere gas blown downward by the centrifugal impeller one is secondary pressurized so that it is blown toward the workpiece to be processed; in this way, the carbonization depth and hardness of the part surface are adjusted by regulating the carburizing time and temperature. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present invention. In order to more clearly understand the technical means of the present invention and implement it according to the contents of the specification, the following is a detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0028] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the lifting device of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 It is a front view of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 Middle AA section view;

[0032] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the rotating device of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the circulation device of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the furnace structure of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the heating assembly structure of the present invention;

[0036] Fig. 9 For the present invention Figure 8 A partial enlarged schematic diagram is shown in the figure.

[0037] Legend: 1. Furnace body; 11. Furnace wall; 12. Insulation layer; 13. Heating assembly; 131. Support frame; 132. Winding wheel; 133. Heating wire; 14. Heat collecting cover; 2. Rotating device; 21. Machine base; 22. Rotating shaft; 23. Cantilever; 3. Lifting device; 31. Motor 1; 32. Pulley 1; 33. Pulley 2; 34. Pulley 3; 35. Winding shaft; 4. Circulation device; 41. Motor 2; 42. Fixed frame; 43. Centrifugal impeller 1; 44. Centrifugal impeller 2; 5. Furnace cover. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] In order to more clearly illustrate the overall concept of the present invention, a detailed description is given below in an exemplary manner in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0039] In the description of the present invention, it is necessary to understand that the terms "center", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0040] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0041] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a communication; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0042] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may be that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one scheme", "some schemes", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the scheme or example are included in at least one scheme or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same scheme or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more schemes or examples in a suitable manner.

[0043] The technical solution in the embodiment of the present application is to solve the problems of the above-mentioned background technology, and the overall idea is as follows:

[0044] Embodiment 1:

[0045] refer to Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment introduces a specific structure of a pit carburizing furnace, including a furnace body 1 and a furnace cover 5; the furnace cover 5 is arranged on the top of the furnace body 1; when it is necessary to put a workpiece with infiltration into the furnace body 1, the furnace cover 5 is opened, and then the workpiece is neatly stacked inside the furnace body 1, and then the furnace cover 5 is closed to perform heating and infiltration treatment; after the treatment is completed, the furnace cover 5 is opened again, and then the workpieces are taken out in sequence; the furnace cover 5 can be opened manually or automatically;

[0046] refer to Figure 7-Figure 9As shown, the furnace body 1 includes a furnace wall 11, a heat-insulating layer 12 is arranged inside the furnace wall 11, a heating component 13 is arranged inside the heat-insulating layer 12, and a heat-collecting cover 14 is arranged inside the heating component 13; the heat-collecting cover 14 is a barrel-shaped structure, the heating component 13 first heats the heat-collecting cover 14, and then the heat-collecting cover 14 radiates heat to the workpiece; this can further provide uniform heating of the workpiece, and the heating component 13 directly heats the workpiece, resulting in uneven heating.

[0047] The heating assembly 13 includes a support frame 131, and the support frame 131 includes a vertical rod and a mounting ring; a plurality of vertical rods are arranged in rows at equal intervals inside the heat collecting cover 14; the lower ends of the plurality of vertical rods are fixedly connected to the furnace wall 11; a plurality of mounting rings are fixedly arranged inside the vertical rods, and the mounting rings are arranged in pairs; winding wheels 132 are arranged at equal intervals inside the mounting rings; the winding wheel 132 includes a hanging wheel and a rotating shaft; the rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the mounting ring; the hanging wheel is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft; a heating wire 133 is arranged between each group of mounting rings; the heating wires 133 are wound around the winding wheel 132 at equal intervals;

[0048] As an implementable embodiment, the heating wire 133 is wound on the upper and lower winding wheels 132 in a folding ruler-shaped track;

[0049] As an implementable embodiment, the heating wire is usually made of a high temperature alloy material, such as a nickel-chromium alloy such as NiCr80 / 20, an iron-chromium-aluminum alloy, and the like.

[0050] Specifically, the heating wire 133 is wound around the upper and lower winding wheels 132 in a folding ruler-shaped track; the spacing of the heating wires 133 is controlled to be uniform, so that the heat generated during the heating operation is more uniform; at the same time, the heating wire 133 is wound around the winding wheel 132 in the form of a half circle; when the heating wire 133 needs to be replaced, the heating wire 133 can be directly pulled out from both ends. Since the heating wire 133 is wound around the winding wheel 132, the friction force is relatively small when the winding wheel 132 rotates, so the heating wire 133 can be easily pulled out, and the heating wire 133 can be disassembled;

[0051] In order to replace the heating wire 133 more quickly:

[0052] The first step is to dismantle the circuit access ends of the old heating wire 133;

[0053] The second step is to connect one end of the old heating wire 133 to one end of the heating wire 133 to be replaced;

[0054] The third step is to manually pull out the end of the old heating wire 133 that is not connected to the heating wire 133 to be replaced; when the old heating wire 133 is pulled out, the new heating assembly 13 is automatically installed on the winding wheel 132; this can achieve disassembly-free replacement; and further improve the efficiency of replacing the heating wire 133.

[0055] The insulation layer 12 mainly includes the following materials: glass wool, rock wool, aluminum silicate fiber, polyurethane foam, etc. These materials have good thermal insulation properties and can effectively reduce the heat loss inside the boiler. At the same time, the insulation layer 12 is also attached with a protective layer on both sides of the inner and outer walls. The protective layer is a layer of material used to cover the surface of the insulation material, and its main purpose is to protect the insulation material from erosion and damage from the external environment.

[0056] As an implementable embodiment, the protective layer is aluminum sheet, stainless steel plate, etc.

[0057] As an implementable embodiment, a support structure is further provided inside the thermal insulation layer 12 ; the support structure of the thermal insulation layer 12 is a frame or bracket used to support and fix the thermal insulation material to ensure the stability and integrity of the thermal insulation layer 12 .

[0058] Embodiment 2:

[0059] refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, this embodiment is an improvement made on the basis of the first embodiment:

[0060] The rotating device 2 includes a base 21, a rotating shaft 22 is arranged in the middle of the base 21, and a cantilever 23 is arranged at the output end of the rotating shaft 22; the cantilever 23 can be rotated by starting the rotating shaft 22; the top of the cantilever 23 is connected to the furnace cover 5 through the lifting device 3;

[0061] When it is necessary to put the workpiece with penetration into the furnace body 1, the furnace cover 5 is lifted up and opened by starting the lifting device 3. Then, in order to facilitate the neat stacking of the workpieces inside the furnace body 1, the rotating shaft 22 is started to rotate a certain angle to rotate the furnace cover 5 from the top of the furnace body 1. When the workpieces are placed, the rotating shaft 22 is started again to rotate the cantilever 23 to the top of the furnace body 1, and the furnace cover 5 is controlled to fall again by the lifting device 3, and then the furnace cover 5 is closed and the heating penetration treatment is carried out again. After the treatment is completed, the furnace cover 5 is opened again, and the supplies are taken out in sequence.

[0062] Embodiment three:

[0063] This embodiment is an improvement made on the basis of the second embodiment:

[0064] refer to Figure 2As shown, the lifting device 3 includes a motor 31, which is fixedly connected to the cantilever 23, and a pulley 32 is provided at the output end of the motor 31, wherein the cantilever 23 is located directly above the furnace body 1 and is provided with two groups of winding shafts 35, and a lifting rope is wound on the winding shafts 35; by winding the winding shafts 35 in both positive and negative directions, the furnace cover 5 can be raised and lowered; the shaft ends of the two groups of winding shafts 35 close to the motor 1 31 are respectively provided with a pulley 2 33 and a pulley 3 34; the difference between the pulley 2 33 and the pulley 3 34 is that the pulley 2 33 has two belt grooves; the pulley 1 32, the pulley 2 33 and the pulley 3 34 are sequentially driven by belts;

[0065] Specifically, by starting the motor 1 31 to rotate forward and reverse, the reel 35 corresponding to the pulley 2 33 and the pulley 3 34 is driven forward and reverse through the belt; in this way, by reeling the reel 35 in both forward and reverse directions, the furnace cover 5 can be raised and lowered.

[0066] Embodiment 4:

[0067] refer to Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, this embodiment is an improvement made on the basis of the third embodiment:

[0068] A circulation device 4 is provided on the top of the furnace cover 5; the circulation device 4 is used to inject carbon-rich atmosphere, carbon-containing gas or gas mixture into the furnace of the furnace body 1, so that the surface of the parts absorbs carbon atoms; this process adjusts the carbonization depth and hardness of the surface of the parts by controlling the carburizing time and temperature; the bottom of the furnace wall 11 has an exhaust hole; in this way, the exhaust gas blown into the furnace body 1 can be discharged.

[0069] The circulation device 4 includes a motor 41, which is mounted on a fixing frame 42, and the fixing frame 42 is fixedly mounted on the top of the furnace cover 5; the output shaft of the motor 41 is fixedly provided with a long axis, and a centrifugal impeller 43 is fixedly provided on the bottom of the long axis near the fixing frame 42; the centrifugal impeller 43 is located inside the top of the furnace cover 5, and air pipes for supplying carbon-rich atmosphere are provided around the centrifugal impeller 43; centrifugal force is generated by the rotation of the centrifugal impeller 43, so that the carbon-rich atmosphere can be better blown into the interior of the furnace body 1; in order to further improve the fluidity of the carbon-rich atmosphere gas inside the furnace body 1; a centrifugal impeller 44 is fixedly provided at the lower end of the long axis; the centrifugal impeller 44 is a centrifugal blade for blowing the airflow downward; the carbon-rich atmosphere gas blown downward by the centrifugal impeller 43 is secondary pressurized to make it blow toward the workpiece to be processed; in this way, the carbonization depth and hardness of the part surface are adjusted by regulating the carburizing time and temperature.

[0070] Finally, it should be noted that: Obviously, the above embodiments are only examples for clearly explaining the present invention, and are not intended to limit the implementation methods. For ordinary technicians in the relevant field, other different forms of changes or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to list all the implementation methods here. The obvious changes or modifications derived from this are still within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A pit carburizing furnace, comprising a furnace body (1) and a furnace cover (5); the furnace body (1) is provided with a furnace cover (5) on the top; characterized in that: The furnace body (1) comprises a furnace wall (11), a heat-insulating layer (12) is arranged inside the furnace wall (11), a heating component (13) is arranged inside the heat-insulating layer (12), and a heat-collecting cover (14) is arranged inside the heating component (13); the heat-collecting cover (14) is a barrel-shaped structure, the heating component (13) first heats the heat-collecting cover (14), and then the heat-collecting cover (14) radiates heat to the workpiece; The heating assembly (13) comprises a support frame (131), the support frame (131) comprises a vertical rod and a mounting ring; a plurality of vertical rods are arranged in an evenly spaced row inside the heat collecting cover (14); the lower ends of the plurality of vertical rods are fixedly connected to the furnace wall (11); a plurality of mounting rings are fixedly arranged inside the vertical rods, and the mounting rings are arranged in pairs; winding wheels (132) are arranged inside the mounting rings at equal intervals; the winding wheels (132) comprise a hanging wheel and a rotating shaft; the rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the mounting ring; the hanging wheel is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft; a heating wire (133) is arranged between each group of mounting rings; the heating wires (133) are wound around the winding wheel (132) at equal intervals; The heating wire (133) is wound on the upper and lower winding wheels (132) in a folding ruler-shaped track; A circulation device (4) is provided on the top of the furnace cover (5); the circulation device (4) is used to inject a carbon-rich atmosphere into the furnace chamber of the furnace body (1); and an exhaust hole is provided at the bottom of the furnace wall (11).

2. A pit type carburizing furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heating wire is made of high-temperature alloy material.

3. A pit type carburizing furnace as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The steps for replacing the heating wire (133) are as follows: The first step is to dismantle the circuit access ends of the old heating wire (133); The second step is to connect one end of the old heating wire (133) to one end of the heating wire (133) to be replaced; The third step is to manually pull out the end of the old heating wire (133) that is not connected to the heating wire (133) to be replaced; when the old heating wire (133) is pulled out, the new heating assembly (13) is automatically installed on the winding wheel (132).

4. A pit type carburizing furnace as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The thermal insulation layer (12) comprises glass wool, rock wool, aluminum silicate fiber, and polyurethane foam; and protective layers are also attached to the inner and outer side walls of the thermal insulation layer (12).

5. A pit type carburizing furnace as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The protective layer is an aluminum sheet; a supporting structure is also provided inside the thermal insulation layer (12).

6. A pit type carburizing furnace as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: A rotating device (2) is provided on one side of the furnace body (1); the rotating device (2) comprises a base (21), a rotating shaft (22) is provided in the middle of the base (21), and a cantilever (23) is provided at the output end of the rotating shaft (22); the cantilever (23) can be rotated by starting the rotating shaft (22); the top of the cantilever (23) is connected to the furnace cover (5) via a lifting device (3).

7. A pit type carburizing furnace as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: The lifting device (3) comprises a motor 1 (31), the motor 1 (31) is fixedly connected to the cantilever (23), and a pulley 1 (32) is arranged at the output end of the motor 1 (31), wherein the cantilever (23) is located directly above the furnace body (1) and is provided with two sets of winding shafts (35), and a lifting rope is wound around the winding shafts (35); the two sets of winding shafts (35) are respectively provided with a pulley 2 (33) and a pulley 3 (34) at the shaft ends close to the motor 1 (31); the difference between the pulley 2 (33) and the pulley 3 (34) is that the pulley 2 (33) has two belt grooves; the pulley 1 (32), the pulley 2 (33) and the pulley 3 (34) are sequentially driven by belts.

8. A pit type carburizing furnace as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: The circulation device (4) comprises a second motor (41), the second motor (41) being mounted on a fixing frame (42), the fixing frame (42) being fixedly mounted on the top of the furnace cover (5); a long shaft is fixedly arranged on the output shaft of the second motor (41), a centrifugal impeller (43) is fixedly arranged on the bottom of the long shaft near the fixing frame (42); the centrifugal impeller (43) is located inside the top of the furnace cover (5), and air pipes for supplying a carbon-rich atmosphere are arranged around the first centrifugal impeller (43); and a second centrifugal impeller (44) is fixedly arranged on the lower end of the long shaft.

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