A pressure-bearing combined capsule anchor with grouting pressure monitoring and use method thereof

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of building construction technology, and in particular to a pressure-bearing combined capsule anchor rod with grouting pressure monitoring and a method of using the same, comprising a base plate and a limit plate, wherein the top of the base plate is fixedly connected to the anchor rod, and a sleeve is fixedly connected between the base plate and the limit plate, and further comprising: a capsule installed between the base plate and the limit plate; a grouting pipe fixedly connected to the top of the limit plate, a valve being provided on the surface of the grouting pipe, and the grouting pipe is connected to the inside of the sleeve; four grouting holes are provided, and the four grouting holes are all opened on the surface of the sleeve; a mounting groove is opened at the bottom end of the anchor rod; a controller controls the operation of a moving mechanism, thereby driving a cylinder connected to a cleaning cone to move along the through hole to one side of the grouting hole, and using the moving cleaning cone to push and break the slurry that is initially solidified and blocked in the grouting hole, which helps to restore the flow performance of the grouting hole.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of building construction, and in particular to a pressure-bearing combined capsule anchor rod with grouting pressure monitoring and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The pressure-bearing composite capsule anchor is an economical, technical, energy-saving, environmentally friendly and easy-to-construct geotechnical anchoring technology. It is mainly used in geotechnical anchoring fields such as anti-floating of underground space, deep foundation pit support, anti-tilting of high-rise buildings, and slope protection. The pressure-bearing composite capsule anchor adopts a high-strength civil engineering fabric capsule design. Cement slurry is injected into the capsule through a high-pressure pump. During the grouting process of the capsule, the surrounding soil layer is squeezed to form a cement solid in the expanded section.

[0003] If there are impurities in the mud or it is not fully stirred during grouting, the larger particles or the faster coagulation parts will cause blockage in the grouting holes during the grouting process. If the grouting operation is interrupted for too long, the mud used for grouting may also dry up or initially solidify in the grouting holes, causing blockage. However, the existing pressure-bearing composite capsule anchor rod is too simple in design, which makes it difficult to clear the grouting holes in time during the grouting process, thereby affecting the grouting progress. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the shortcomings of the prior art and to propose a pressure-bearing combined capsule anchor rod with grouting pressure monitoring and a method of use.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a base plate and a limit plate, wherein the bottom of the base plate is threadedly connected with a cone head, the top of the base plate is fixedly connected with an anchor rod, the top of the anchor rod passes through the limit plate and extends upward to the outside of the concrete cushion layer, a sleeve is fixedly connected between the base plate and the limit plate, a locking nut matched with the anchor rod thread is arranged on the anchor rod, and further comprises:

[0006] A capsule cabin is installed between the bottom plate and the limiting plate;

[0007] A grouting pipe is fixedly connected to the top of the limit plate, a valve is provided on the surface of the grouting pipe, and the grouting pipe is communicated with the inside of the sleeve;

[0008] There are four grouting holes, and the four grouting holes are all opened on the surface of the sleeve;

[0009] A mounting groove is provided at the bottom end of the anchor rod;

[0010] Through holes are formed on the surface of the anchor rod, the number of the through holes is the same as the number of the grouting holes, cylinders are arranged inside all the through holes, and cleaning cones are fixedly connected to the ends of all the cylinders;

[0011] A moving mechanism is arranged inside the installation groove and is used to drive all the cylinders connected with the cleaning cones to move so as to clean the blockage of the grouting hole;

[0012] Pressure monitoring unit, used to monitor the grouting pressure inside the sleeve;

[0013] The controller controls the movement mechanism to operate after receiving the pressure information generated by the pressure monitoring unit.

[0014] Preferably, the four grouting holes are distributed from bottom to top, and the spacing between adjacent grouting holes gradually increases.

[0015] Preferably, a rotating mechanism is provided at the end of each of the cylinders, and in the process of the cylinder moving toward one side of the grouting hole for cleaning, the linkage rotating mechanism drives the cylinder to rotate;

[0016] The rotating mechanism comprises:

[0017] A cavity is provided inside the cylinder, and a spiral guide groove is provided on the inner wall of the cavity;

[0018] A fixing column, fixedly connected to the inner wall of the sleeve, wherein the end of the fixing column passes through the end of the cylinder and extends to the interior of the cavity;

[0019] A first sliding pin is fixedly connected to the surface of the fixing column, and an end of the first sliding pin is inserted into the interior of the spiral guide groove.

[0020] Preferably, during the process of moving and cleaning one side of the grout hole, the linked air blowing mechanism blows air to the obstruction inside the grouting hole in advance;

[0021] The blowing mechanism comprises:

[0022] A delivery cavity is provided inside the sleeve;

[0023] A plurality of first one-way valves are fixedly embedded on the inner wall of the grouting hole and are used to connect the grouting hole with the conveying cavity;

[0024] A fixed shell is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the sleeve, the fixed shell is connected to the inside of the delivery chamber through a connecting pipe, a rotating cover is rotatably connected to the side wall of the fixed shell, a sealing treatment is performed between the rotating cover and the fixed shell, and a second one-way valve is concealedly installed on the side wall of the fixed shell;

[0025] An annular groove is provided at the end of the cylinder, an end cover is fixedly connected to the notch of the annular groove, a sealing ring is provided inside the annular groove, and a surface of the sealing ring is in sealing contact with an inner wall of the annular groove;

[0026] The ends of the sealing ring are fixedly connected to two delivery pipes, the ends of the delivery pipes penetrate the end cover and extend outwards to be fixedly connected to the rotating cover, the surfaces of the delivery pipes are in sealing contact with the openings of the end cover, and a through opening is opened on the surface of each of the delivery pipes;

[0027] The air vent is provided on the surface of the cylinder and communicates with the inside of the annular groove, and the air vent is located inside the mounting groove.

[0028] Preferably, the moving mechanism comprises:

[0029] A linkage frame is arranged inside the installation groove, and four pairs of oblique grooves are opened on the inner wall of the linkage frame;

[0030] Four annular blocks, the four annular blocks are respectively fixedly connected to the surfaces of the four cylinders, and the surface of each annular block is rotatably connected to a rotating shell;

[0031] Four pairs of second sliding pins, the four pairs of second sliding pins are rotatably connected to the surfaces of the four rotating shells respectively, and each of the second sliding pins is inserted into the adjacent oblique grooves;

[0032] A placement groove is opened at the top of the cone head, and an electric push rod is fixedly connected inside the placement groove. The piston rod end of the electric push rod passes through the bottom plate and extends into the installation groove and is fixedly connected to the bottom of the linkage frame.

[0033] Preferably, a plurality of centering bearing bodies are threadedly connected to the rod body of the anchor rod, and the plurality of centering bearing bodies are all located between the sleeve and the concrete cushion layer, and the centering bearing bodies are arranged in a conical shape that is wide at the top and narrow at the bottom.

[0034] Preferably, the pressure monitoring unit comprises a pressure sensor, the pressure sensor is located inside the sleeve, and the pressure sensor is installed at the bottom of the limiting plate.

[0035] In a second aspect, a method for using a pressure-bearing combined capsule anchor with grouting pressure monitoring is provided, wherein the control method of the pressure sensor comprises the following steps:

[0036] When the pressure sensor detects that the pressure of the mud inside the sleeve exceeds the set value, the pressure information value is produced;

[0037] The pressure sensor sends the pressure information value to the controller to control the valve closing and the movement of the mechanism.

[0038] Preferably, the control method of the controller comprises the following steps:

[0039] The controller generates first control information and second control information after receiving the pressure information value;

[0040] The controller sends the first control information to the valve to control the valve to close and block the continuous transportation of the mud;

[0041] The controller sends the second control information to the electric push rod to control the operation of the electric push rod to push the linkage frame upward.

[0042] Preferably, the method of use comprises the following steps:

[0043] S1. Locate the drilling points of the soil layer;

[0044] S2, drilling holes in the soil layer;

[0045] S3, placing the anchor rod into the drill hole;

[0046] S4, injecting grout into the capsule of the anchor bolt to expand the capsule, and injecting grout into the drill hole;

[0047] S5. After grouting is completed, prestress is applied to the anchor rods.

[0048] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0049] 1. After the pressure monitoring unit detects that the pressure value exceeds the set value, it generates pressure information. The pressure monitoring unit sends the pressure information to the controller, controls the valve to close through the controller, blocks the continued transportation of the mud, and controls the operation of the moving mechanism through the controller, thereby driving the cylinder connected with the cleaning cone to move along the through hole to one side of the grouting hole. With the help of the moving cleaning cone, the slurry that has initially solidified and blocked in the grouting hole is pushed, which is conducive to crushing the slurry inside the grouting hole. After the cylinder drives the cleaning cone to reset, it helps to restore the flow performance of the grouting hole.

[0050] 2. Since the end of the first sliding pin installed on the surface of the fixed column is inserted in the spiral guide groove, when the cylinder drives the cleaning cone to move toward the side of the grouting hole, under the limitation of the first sliding pin, the cylinder is prompted to rotate with the help of the spiral guide groove, so that the cylinder drives the cleaning cone to rotate while moving. The rotational force is helpful to give the tip of the cleaning cone impact performance, thereby effectively overcoming the hard slurry, further accelerating the crushing speed, and restoring the flow performance of the grouting hole.

[0051] 3. In the process of the cylinder driving the cleaning cone to move toward the side of the grouting hole, the groove wall of the annular groove will pass through the surface of the sealing ring, thereby compressing and pressurizing the air inside the annular groove on one side of the sealing ring, and the internal squeezed gas will enter the inside of the conveying pipe through the opening, and the gas entering the inside of the conveying pipe will enter the inside of the conveying cavity with the help of the fixed shell, and be discharged with the help of the first one-way valve. The gas discharged from the first one-way valve will push the obstruction inside the grouting hole in advance, loosen the obstruction inside the grouting hole, reduce the adhesion between the obstruction and the inner wall of the grouting hole, and facilitate the cleaning cone to thoroughly clean the obstruction inside the grouting hole; when the cylinder is reset after cleaning, the second one-way valve is set to facilitate maintaining the pressure balance inside and outside the conveying cavity and the annular groove, and the second one-way valve only allows the gas in the mud to enter the fixed shell in one direction. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0052] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the capsule installation of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 3 It is a partial cross-sectional view of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 The enlarged structural diagram at A in the middle;

[0056] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 3 The enlarged structural diagram at B in the middle;

[0057] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the linkage frame of the present invention;

[0058] Figure 7 It is a cross-sectional view of the interior of the cylinder of the present invention;

[0059] Figure 8 It is a partial cross-sectional view of the sleeve of the present invention;

[0060] Fig. 9 This is a schematic structural diagram of the connection between the delivery pipe and the rotating cover of the present invention;

[0061] Fig.10 The figure is a flow chart of the steps of the method of the present invention.

[0062] In the figure: 1, anchor rod; 2, bottom plate; 3, cone head; 301, placement groove; 4, limit plate; 5, sleeve; 6, capsule; 7, grouting pipe; 8, valve; 9, grouting hole; 10, installation groove; 11, through hole; 12, cylinder; 13, cleaning cone; 14, cavity; 15, spiral guide groove; 16, fixed column; 17, first sliding pin; 18, conveying cavity; 19, first one-way valve; 20, fixed shell; 21, rotating cover; 22, second one-way valve; 23, annular groove; 24, sealing ring; 25, conveying pipe; 2501, through port; 26, vent port; 27, linkage frame; 28, oblique groove; 29, annular block; 30, rotating shell; 31, second sliding pin; 32, electric push rod; 33, middle bearing body; 34, pressure sensor; 35, concrete cushion. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0063] The following description is used to disclose the present invention so that those skilled in the art can implement the present invention. The preferred embodiments described below are only examples, and those skilled in the art may think of other obvious variations.

[0064] like Figures 1 to 9 The pressure-bearing combined capsule anchor with grouting pressure monitoring shown in the figure comprises a bottom plate 2 and a limit plate 4, the bottom of the bottom plate 2 is threadedly connected with a cone head 3, the top of the bottom plate 2 is fixedly connected with an anchor rod 1, the top of the anchor rod 1 passes through the limit plate 4 and extends upward to the outside of the concrete cushion layer 35, a sleeve 5 is fixedly connected between the bottom plate 2 and the limit plate 4, a locking nut threadedly matched with the anchor rod 1 is arranged on the anchor rod 1, and also includes:

[0065] The capsule 6 is installed between the bottom plate 2 and the limit plate 4;

[0066] A grouting pipe 7 is fixedly connected to the top of the limit plate 4, a valve 8 is provided on the surface of the grouting pipe 7, and the grouting pipe 7 is communicated with the inside of the sleeve 5;

[0067] There are four grouting holes 9, and the four grouting holes 9 are all opened on the surface of the sleeve 5;

[0068] The mounting groove 10 is provided at the bottom end of the anchor rod 1;

[0069] Through holes 11 are formed on the surface of the anchor rod 1. The number of the through holes 11 is the same as the number of the grouting holes 9. Cylinders 12 are disposed inside all the through holes 11. Cleaning cones 13 are fixedly connected to the ends of all the cylinders 12.

[0070] The moving mechanism is arranged inside the mounting groove 10 and is used to drive all the cylinders 12 connected with the cleaning cones 13 to move so as to clean the blockage of the grouting hole 9;

[0071] A pressure monitoring unit, used to monitor the grouting pressure inside the sleeve 5;

[0072] The controller controls the operation of the moving mechanism after receiving the pressure information generated by the pressure monitoring unit; when working, the anchor rod 1 is placed into the pre-drilled borehole along the plumb direction, and the top of the limit plate 4 is locked and fixed by the locking nut. In order to improve the sealing type, a rubber gasket is arranged on the contact surface of the locking nut and the limit plate 4. The inner wall diameter of the sleeve 5 is larger than the diameter of the anchor rod 1, so that an annular compartment is formed between the sleeve 5 and the anchor rod 1. After the anchor rod 1 is inserted, the mud is transported to the inside of the sleeve 5 along the grouting pipe 7 with the help of an external high-pressure grouting pump. The mud inside the sleeve 5 will be discharged from the grouting hole 9 to the capsule cavity of the capsule 6, thereby expanding the capsule 6. The mud in the capsule 6 is poured and solidified under high pressure, and the formed expanded structure can be more tightly engaged with the surrounding soil, thereby increasing the mechanical interlocking force between the anchor section and the soil, and improving the stability of the overall anchoring system. During grouting, if there are impurities in the mud or it is not fully stirred, particles will form during the grouting process. The larger particles or the faster coagulation parts will cause blockage in the grouting hole 9, and if the grouting operation is interrupted for too long, the mud used for grouting may also dry up or initially solidify in the grouting hole 9, causing blockage, thereby affecting the normal flow of the grouting hole 9, and the mud accumulated in the sleeve 5 will squeeze the pressure monitoring unit. After the pressure monitoring unit detects that the pressure value exceeds the set value, it generates pressure information, and the pressure monitoring unit sends the pressure information to the controller, and controls the valve 8 to close through the controller to block the continued delivery of the mud, and controls the operation of the moving mechanism through the controller, thereby driving the cylinder 12 connected with the cleaning cone 13 to move along the through hole 11 to one side of the grouting hole 9, and using the moving cleaning cone 13 to push the slurry that has initially solidified and blocked in the grouting hole 9, which is beneficial to crushing the slurry inside the grouting hole 9, and after the cylinder 12 drives the cleaning cone 13 to reset, it helps to restore the flow performance of the grouting hole 9.

[0073] A reaming groove is provided on the surface of the cone head 3, and an automatically deployable tool is installed in the reaming groove. The automatically deployable tool is limited by a limit pin, and a traction rope is connected to the end of the limit pin. The traction rope extends upward through the sleeve 5. After the anchor rod 1 is placed into the pre-opened drill hole along the plumb direction, the staff can pull the traction rope to drive the limit pin to cancel the limit on the automatically deployable tool, so that the automatically deployable tool automatically deploys outward along the reaming groove, and the automatically deployable tool is driven to rotate when the anchor rod 1 is rotated, thereby achieving the purpose of auxiliary hole expansion.

[0074] As an embodiment of the present invention, four grouting holes 9 are distributed from bottom to top, and the distance between adjacent grouting holes 9 gradually increases; setting multiple grouting holes 9 and reasonably adjusting the distance between adjacent grouting ports can greatly increase the grouting speed and improve the grouting efficiency.

[0075] As an embodiment of the present invention, a rotating mechanism is provided at the end of each cylinder 12, and in the process of the cylinder 12 moving toward the side of the grouting hole 9 for cleaning, the linkage rotating mechanism drives the cylinder 12 to rotate;

[0076] The rotating mechanism includes:

[0077] A cavity 14 is provided inside the cylinder 12, and a spiral guide groove 15 is provided on the inner wall of the cavity 14;

[0078] A fixing column 16 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the sleeve 5, and an end of the fixing column 16 passes through the end of the cylinder 12 and extends to the interior of the cavity 14;

[0079] The first sliding pin 17 is fixedly connected to the surface of the fixed column 16, and the end of the first sliding pin 17 is inserted into the inside of the spiral guide groove 15; during operation, since the end of the first sliding pin 17 installed on the surface of the fixed column 16 is inserted in the spiral guide groove 15, when the cylinder 12 drives the cleaning cone 13 to move toward the side of the grouting hole 9, under the limitation of the first sliding pin 17, with the help of the guidance of the spiral guide groove 15, the cylinder 12 is caused to rotate, so that the cylinder 12 drives the cleaning cone 13 to rotate while moving, and the rotational force is helpful to give the impact performance to the tip of the cleaning cone 13, thereby effectively overcoming the hard slurry, further accelerating the crushing speed, and restoring the flow performance of the grouting hole 9.

[0080] As an embodiment of the present invention, a blowing mechanism is provided on the inner wall of each grouting hole 9, and in the process of the cylinder 12 moving toward one side of the grouting hole 9 for cleaning, the linkage blowing mechanism blows the obstruction inside the grouting hole 9 in advance;

[0081] The blowing mechanism includes:

[0082] The delivery chamber 18 is provided inside the sleeve 5;

[0083] A plurality of first one-way valves 19 are fixedly embedded on the inner wall of the grouting hole 9 and are used to connect the grouting hole 9 with the conveying cavity 18;

[0084] The fixed shell 20 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the sleeve 5. The fixed shell 20 is connected to the inside of the delivery chamber 18 through a connecting pipe. A rotating cover 21 is rotatably connected to the side wall of the fixed shell 20. The rotating cover 21 and the fixed shell 20 are sealed. A second one-way valve 22 is concealedly installed on the side wall of the fixed shell 20.

[0085] The annular groove 23 is formed at the end of the cylinder 12. An end cap is fixedly connected to the notch of the annular groove 23. A sealing ring 24 is provided inside the annular groove 23. The surface of the sealing ring 24 is in sealing contact with the inner wall of the annular groove 23.

[0086] The ends of the sealing ring 24 are fixedly connected to two delivery pipes 25. The ends of the delivery pipes 25 penetrate the end cover and extend outward to be fixedly connected to the rotating cover 21. The surfaces of the delivery pipes 25 are in sealing contact with the openings of the end cover. A through hole 2501 is opened on the surface of each delivery pipe 25.

[0087] The air vent 26 is provided on the surface of the cylinder 12 and communicated with the inside of the annular groove 23, and the air vent 26 is located inside the mounting groove 10; during operation, when the cylinder 12 drives the cleaning cone 13 to move toward the side of the grouting hole 9, the groove wall of the annular groove 23 will pass through the surface of the sealing ring 24, thereby compressing and pressurizing the air inside the annular groove 23 on the side of the sealing ring 24, and the squeezed gas inside will enter the inside of the delivery pipe 25 through the through port 2501, and the gas entering the inside of the delivery pipe 25 will enter the inside of the delivery chamber 18 with the help of the fixed shell 20, The gas discharged from the first one-way valve 19 will push the obstruction inside the grouting hole 9 in advance, loosen the obstruction inside the grouting hole 9, reduce the adhesion between the obstruction and the inner wall of the grouting hole 9, and facilitate the cleaning cone 13 to thoroughly clean the obstruction inside the grouting hole 9; when the cylinder 12 is reset after cleaning, the second one-way valve 22 is convenient to maintain the pressure balance inside and outside the conveying chamber 18 and the annular groove 23, and the second one-way valve 22 only allows the gas in the mud to enter the fixed shell 20 in one direction;

[0088] A rotating cover 21 with a delivery pipe 25 is rotatably arranged on the side wall of the fixed shell 20 in order to maintain the rotation performance of the delivery pipe 25. When the delivery pipe 25 rotates coaxially with the cylinder 12, the rotating delivery pipe 25 drives the rotating cover 21 to rotate.

[0089] As an embodiment of the present invention, the moving mechanism includes:

[0090] The linkage frame 27 is arranged inside the mounting groove 10, and four pairs of oblique grooves 28 are opened on the inner wall of the linkage frame 27;

[0091] Four annular blocks 29, the four annular blocks 29 are fixedly connected to the surfaces of the four cylinders 12 respectively, and the surface of each annular block 29 is rotatably connected to a rotating shell 30;

[0092] Four pairs of second sliding pins 31, the four pairs of second sliding pins 31 are rotatably connected to the surfaces of the four rotating shells 30, and each second sliding pin 31 is inserted into the inside of the adjacent oblique groove 28;

[0093] The placement groove 301 is provided at the top of the cone head 3, and an electric push rod 32 is fixedly connected inside the placement groove 301. The piston rod end of the electric push rod 32 passes through the bottom plate 2 and extends to the inside of the installation groove 10 and is fixedly connected to the bottom of the linkage frame 27. When working, the controller controls the electric push rod 32 to operate, and the piston rod of the electric push rod 32 pushes the linkage frame 27 to move upward. During the upward movement of the linkage frame 27, the oblique groove 28 provided on the inner wall of the linkage frame 27 pushes the second sliding pin 31 to move toward the side of the grouting hole 9. The moving second sliding pin 31 drives the rotating shell 30 and the annular block 29 to move synchronously, thereby driving the cylinder 12 to move, so as to facilitate the cleaning cone 13 installed at the end of the cylinder 12 to crush and clean the slurry inside the grouting hole 9.

[0094] The annular block 29 fixedly connected to the surface of the cylinder 12 is rotatably connected to the rotating shell 30 in order to maintain the rotation performance of the cylinder 12 during the movement of the cylinder 12.

[0095] As an embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of centering bearing bodies 33 are threadedly connected to the rod body of the anchor rod 1, and the plurality of centering bearing bodies 33 are all located between the sleeve 5 and the concrete cushion layer 35, and the centering bearing bodies 33 are arranged in a conical shape that is wide at the top and narrow at the bottom; the arranged center bearing body 33 plays a centering role on the anchor rod 1.

[0096] As an embodiment of the present invention, the pressure monitoring unit includes a pressure sensor 34 . The pressure sensor 34 is located inside the sleeve 5 , and the pressure sensor 34 is installed at the bottom of the limiting plate 4 .

[0097] like Fig.10 The method for using the pressure-bearing combined capsule anchor with grouting pressure monitoring shown in the figure, the control method of the pressure sensor 34 includes the following steps:

[0098] When the pressure sensor 34 detects that the pressure of the mud inside the sleeve 5 exceeds the set value, a pressure information value is generated;

[0099] The pressure sensor 34 sends the pressure information value to the controller to control the closing of the valve 8 and the operation of the moving mechanism.

[0100] As an embodiment of the present invention, the control method of the controller includes the following steps:

[0101] The controller generates first control information and second control information after receiving the pressure information value;

[0102] The controller sends the first control information to the valve 8 to control the valve 8 to close and block the continuous transportation of the mud;

[0103] The controller sends the second control information to the electric push rod 32 to control the operation of the electric push rod 32 to push the linkage frame 27 upward.

[0104] As an embodiment of the present invention, the method of use comprises the following steps:

[0105] S1. Locate the drilling points of the soil layer;

[0106] S2, drilling holes in the soil layer;

[0107] S3, placing the anchor rod 1 into the drill hole;

[0108] S4, injecting grout into the capsule 6 of the anchor rod 1 to expand the capsule 6, and injecting grout into the drill hole;

[0109] S5. After the grouting is completed, the anchor rod 1 is tensioned and prestressed.

[0110] The working principle of the present invention is as follows: the anchor rod 1 is placed into the pre-drilled hole along the plumb direction, and the top of the limit plate 4 is locked and fixed by the locking nut. In order to improve the sealing, a rubber gasket is arranged on the contact surface between the locking nut and the limit plate 4. The inner wall diameter of the sleeve 5 is larger than the diameter of the anchor rod 1, so that an annular compartment is formed between the sleeve 5 and the anchor rod 1. After the anchor rod 1 is inserted, the mud is transported to the inside of the sleeve 5 along the grouting pipe 7 with the help of an external high-pressure grouting pump. The mud inside the sleeve 5 will be discharged from the grouting hole 9 to the capsule cavity of the capsule 6, thereby expanding the capsule 6. The mud in the capsule 6 is poured and solidified under high pressure, and the expanded structure formed can be more closely engaged with the surrounding soil, thereby increasing the mechanical interlocking force between the anchor section and the soil, and improving the stability of the overall anchoring system. During grouting, if there are impurities in the mud or it is not fully stirred, the larger particles or the faster coagulation parts during the grouting process will affect the injection. The grouting hole 9 is blocked, and if the grouting operation is interrupted for too long, the grouting mud may dry up or initially solidify in the grouting hole 9, causing blockage, thereby affecting the normal flow of the grouting hole 9. The mud accumulated in the sleeve 5 will squeeze the pressure monitoring unit. After the pressure monitoring unit detects that the pressure value exceeds the set value, it generates pressure information. The pressure monitoring unit sends the pressure information to the controller, and the valve 8 is closed by the controller to block the continued delivery of the mud. The controller controls the operation of the moving mechanism, thereby driving the cylinder 12 connected with the cleaning cone 13 to move along the through hole 11 to one side of the grouting hole 9, and the moving cleaning cone 13 is used to push the slurry that has initially solidified and blocked in the grouting hole 9, which is beneficial to crush the slurry inside the grouting hole 9. After the cylinder 12 drives the cleaning cone 13 to reset, it helps to restore the flow performance of the grouting hole 9.

[0111] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and the above embodiments and descriptions only describe the principles of the present invention. The present invention may be subject to various changes and improvements without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and these changes and improvements fall within the scope of the present invention claimed.

Claims

1. A pressure-bearing combined capsule anchor with grouting pressure monitoring, comprising a bottom plate (2) and a limit plate (4), wherein the bottom of the bottom plate (2) is threadedly connected with a cone head (3), the top of the bottom plate (2) is fixedly connected with an anchor rod (1), the top of the anchor rod (1) passes through the limit plate (4) and extends upward to the outside of a concrete cushion layer (35), a sleeve (5) is fixedly connected between the bottom plate (2) and the limit plate (4), and a locking nut is arranged on the anchor rod (1) and is threadedly matched with the anchor rod (1), characterized in that: Also includes: A capsule cabin (6) is installed between the bottom plate (2) and the limiting plate (4); A grouting pipe (7) fixedly connected to the top of the limit plate (4), a valve (8) being provided on the surface of the grouting pipe (7), and the grouting pipe (7) being in communication with the interior of the sleeve (5); Four grouting holes (9) are provided, and the four grouting holes (9) are all opened on the surface of the sleeve (5); A mounting groove (10) is provided at the bottom end of the anchor rod (1); A through hole (11) is formed through the surface of the anchor rod (1), the number of the through holes (11) being the same as the number of the grouting holes (9), a cylinder (12) being arranged inside all the through holes (11), and a cleaning cone (13) being fixedly connected to the ends of all the cylinders (12); A moving mechanism, arranged inside the installation groove (10), used to drive all the cylinders (12) connected to the cleaning cones (13) to move, so as to clean the blockage of the grouting hole (9); A pressure monitoring unit, used for monitoring the grouting pressure inside the sleeve (5); The controller controls the movement mechanism to operate after receiving the pressure information generated by the pressure monitoring unit; A rotating mechanism is provided at the end of each cylinder (12), and when the cylinder (12) moves toward one side of the grouting hole (9) for cleaning, the linkage rotating mechanism drives the cylinder (12) to rotate; The rotating mechanism comprises: A cavity (14) is provided inside the cylinder (12), and a spiral guide groove (15) is provided on the inner wall of the cavity (14); A fixing column (16) fixedly connected to the inner wall of the sleeve (5), the end of the fixing column (16) passing through the end of the cylinder (12) and extending into the interior of the cavity (14); A first sliding pin (17) is fixedly connected to the surface of the fixing column (16), and an end of the first sliding pin (17) is inserted into the interior of the spiral guide groove (15).

2. A pressure-bearing combined capsule anchor with grouting pressure monitoring according to claim 1, characterized in that: The four grouting holes (9) are distributed from bottom to top, and the spacing between adjacent grouting holes (9) gradually increases.

3. The pressure-bearing combined capsule anchor with grouting pressure monitoring according to claim 1, characterized in that: An air blowing mechanism is provided on the inner wall of each grouting hole (9), and when the cylinder (12) moves toward one side of the grouting hole (9) for cleaning, the air blowing mechanism is linked to blow air in advance to the obstruction inside the grouting hole (9); The blowing mechanism comprises: A delivery cavity (18) is provided inside the sleeve (5); A plurality of first one-way valves (19), each fixedly embedded on the inner wall of the grouting hole (9), and used to connect the grouting hole (9) with the conveying cavity (18); a fixed shell (20) fixedly connected to the inner wall of the sleeve (5); the fixed shell (20) is connected to the interior of the delivery chamber (18) via a connecting pipe; a rotating cover (21) is rotatably connected to the side wall of the fixed shell (20); a sealing treatment is performed between the rotating cover (21) and the fixed shell (20); and a second one-way valve (22) is concealedly installed on the side wall of the fixed shell (20); an annular groove (23) formed at the end of the cylinder (12); an end cover is fixedly connected to the notch of the annular groove (23); a sealing ring (24) is provided inside the annular groove (23); a surface of the sealing ring (24) is in sealing contact with an inner wall of the annular groove (23); Two delivery pipes (25) are fixedly connected to the ends of the sealing ring (24); the ends of the delivery pipes (25) penetrate the end cover and extend outwards to be fixedly connected to the rotating cover (21); the surfaces of the delivery pipes (25) are in sealing contact with the openings of the end cover; and a through opening (2501) is provided on the surface of each delivery pipe (25); The air vent (26) is formed on the surface of the cylinder (12) and communicates with the interior of the annular groove (23), and the air vent (26) is located inside the mounting groove (10).

4. A pressure-bearing combined capsule anchor with grouting pressure monitoring according to claim 3, characterized in that: The moving mechanism comprises: A linkage frame (27) is arranged inside the installation groove (10), and four pairs of oblique grooves (28) are formed on the inner wall of the linkage frame (27); Four annular blocks (29), the four annular blocks (29) being fixedly connected to the surfaces of the four cylinders (12) respectively, and the surface of each annular block (29) being rotatably connected to a rotating shell (30); Four pairs of second sliding pins (31), the four pairs of second sliding pins (31) being rotatably connected to the surfaces of four rotating shells (30), and each second sliding pin (31) being inserted into an adjacent oblique groove (28); A placement groove (301) is provided at the top of the cone head (3), an electric push rod (32) is fixedly connected inside the placement groove (301), and a piston rod end of the electric push rod (32) passes through the bottom plate (2) and extends into the installation groove (10) to be fixedly connected to the bottom of the linkage frame (27).

5. The pressure-bearing combined capsule anchor with grouting pressure monitoring according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of centering bearing bodies (33) are threadedly connected to the rod body of the anchor rod (1); the plurality of centering bearing bodies (33) are all located between the sleeve (5) and the concrete cushion layer (35); and the centering bearing bodies (33) are arranged in a conical shape that is wide at the top and narrow at the bottom.

6. The pressure-bearing combined capsule anchor with grouting pressure monitoring according to claim 4, characterized in that: The pressure monitoring unit comprises a pressure sensor (34), the pressure sensor (34) is located inside the sleeve (5), and the pressure sensor (34) is installed at the bottom of the limit plate (4).

7. A method for using a pressure-bearing combined capsule anchor with grouting pressure monitoring, applicable to the pressure-bearing combined capsule anchor with grouting pressure monitoring as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: The control method of the pressure sensor (34) comprises the following steps: When the pressure sensor (34) detects that the pressure of the mud inside the sleeve (5) exceeds a set value, a pressure information value is generated; The pressure sensor (34) sends the pressure information value to the controller to control the closing of the valve (8) and the operation of the moving mechanism.

8. The method for using the pressure-bearing combined capsule anchor with grouting pressure monitoring according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The control method of the controller comprises the following steps: The controller generates first control information and second control information after receiving the pressure information value; The controller sends the first control information to the valve (8) to control the valve (8) to close and block the continued transportation of the mud; The controller sends the second control information to the electric push rod (32) to control the operation of the electric push rod (32) to push the linkage frame (27) upward.

9. The method for using the pressure-bearing combined capsule anchor with grouting pressure monitoring according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The method of use includes the following steps: S1. Locate the drilling points of the soil layer; S2, drilling holes in the soil layer; S3, placing the anchor rod (1) into the drilled hole; S4, injecting grout into the capsule (6) of the anchor rod (1) to expand the capsule (6), and injecting grout into the drilled hole; S5. After the grouting is completed, the anchor rod (1) is tensioned and prestressed.

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