A laser welding system based on a composite structure of rotating mirror and galvanometer

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of laser welding technology, and specifically to a laser welding system based on a composite structure of a rotating mirror and a galvanometer mirror, comprising a mechanical arm, a welding gun head connected to the lower part of the mechanical arm, a laser assembly arranged in the welding gun head, and a component shell. The component shell is provided with a laser head, an X-axis galvanometer mirror arranged in the horizontal direction, and a Y-axis rotating mirror arranged in the vertical direction. The Y-axis rotating mirror comprises a rotating motor, a rotating mirror lens is arranged at the end of the first rotating shaft of the rotating motor, and the first rotating shaft and the rotating mirror lens are connected by a spherical bearing. The invention uses a Y-axis rotating mirror that can be adjusted at multiple angles to replace a traditional Y-axis galvanometer mirror, and combines the swing of the X-axis galvanometer mirror with the high-speed rotation of the Y-axis rotating mirror to transform the traditional double-galvanometer mirror reciprocating welding into a spiral welding of a rotating mirror and a galvanometer mirror, thereby greatly improving the laser swing frequency, changing the motion trajectory of the laser light path, and realizing dual adjustment of the width. At the same time, the welding depth can also be improved, thereby improving the laser welding efficiency overall.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of laser welding, and in particular to a laser welding system based on a composite structure of a rotating mirror and a galvanometer mirror. Background Art

[0002] As an advanced welding technology, laser welding has the advantages of fast speed, large depth and small deformation. With the development of science and technology, the application of laser welding robots in construction has gradually become popular. The prior art CN201811330905.X discloses a fully automatic dual-galvanometer laser welding machine. By setting an upper galvanometer and a lower galvanometer, it solves the problem that the existing dual-galvanometer laser welding machine has a low degree of automation during use, and cannot weld the objects to be welded quickly, which affects the use efficiency and reduces the working efficiency of the existing dual-galvanometer laser welding machine.

[0003] However, in practical applications, the reciprocating oscillation speed of the traditional dual galvanometer is limited and the oscillation frequency is not high, which results in the laser welding efficiency of reciprocating welding being not high enough.

[0004] Therefore, there is a need to improve the laser welding system. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a laser welding system based on a composite structure of a rotating mirror and a galvanometer mirror to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a laser welding system based on a composite structure of a rotating mirror and a galvanometer mirror, comprising a robotic arm, a welding gun head connected to the bottom of the robotic arm, a laser assembly arranged in the welding gun head, the laser assembly comprising a component shell, a laser head, an X-axis galvanometer arranged in the horizontal direction and a Y-axis rotating mirror arranged in the vertical direction are arranged in the component shell, the Y-axis rotating mirror comprises a rotating motor, a rotating mirror lens is arranged at the end of the first rotating shaft of the rotating motor, the first rotating shaft and the rotating mirror lens are connected by a spherical bearing, a multi-angle adjustment frame is also provided on the rotating mirror lens, the multi-angle adjustment frame is composed of a plurality of hydraulic rods, one end of the hydraulic rod is connected to the rotating mirror lens, and the other end is connected to the first rotating shaft, and each hydraulic rod is electrically connected to a numerical control system.

[0007] Preferably, the X-axis galvanometer includes a voice coil motor, and a galvanometer lens is provided at the end of the second rotating shaft of the voice coil motor, and the galvanometer lens is driven by the voice coil motor to swing back and forth.

[0008] Preferably, a laser emission cavity extends from the bottom of the component housing, and the bottom of the laser emission cavity is open.

[0009] Preferably, a focusing mirror is provided at the bottom of the laser emission chamber, and the position of the focusing mirror can be adjusted up and down in the laser emission chamber.

[0010] Preferably, the laser emitted by the laser head passes through the X-axis galvanometer, the Y-axis rotating mirror, and the focusing mirror in sequence, and finally is emitted from the laser emission cavity.

[0011] Preferably, an optical path water cooling tube is provided in the laser assembly.

[0012] Preferably, a welding shielding gas system is provided on the outside of the welding gun head.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0014] A multi-angle adjustable Y-axis rotating mirror is used instead of the traditional Y-axis galvanometer. By combining the swing of the X-axis galvanometer with the high-speed rotation of the Y-axis rotating mirror, the traditional double-galvanometer reciprocating welding is transformed into a spiral welding of a rotating mirror and a galvanometer. This greatly increases the laser swing frequency, changes the motion trajectory of the laser light path, and realizes dual adjustment of the width. At the same time, the welding depth can also be increased, which improves the overall laser welding efficiency.

[0015] The special rotating mirror angle adjustment mechanism of the present invention can adjust the angle of the Y-axis rotating mirror according to actual processing requirements. The adjustment amount of each hydraulic rod in the multi-angle adjustment frame is precisely controlled by the numerical control system. In conjunction with the spherical bearing, the adjustment of different angles of the Y-axis rotating mirror can be achieved. In conjunction with the high-speed rotation of the Y-axis rotating mirror, the laser beam forms a spiral scanning welding trajectory.

[0016] A triangular support structure can be formed between each hydraulic rod in the multi-angle adjustment frame and the first rotating shaft and the rotating mirror lens, which can improve the stability of the multi-angle adjustment frame and ensure the stability of the Y-axis rotating mirror during high-speed rotation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the laser assembly in the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a front view of the X-axis galvanometer in the present invention;

[0020] Figure 4 It is a top view of the X-axis galvanometer in the present invention;

[0021] Figure 5 It is a cross-sectional view of the Y-axis rotating mirror in the present invention;

[0022] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the present invention when the Y-axis rotating mirror is not adjusted in angle;

[0023] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the Y-axis rotating mirror after adjusting the angle in the present invention;

[0024] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the spiral scanning welding trajectory of the present invention;

[0025] In the figure: robotic arm-1, welding gun head-2, welding protective gas system-5, component housing-31, laser head-32, X-axis galvanometer-33, voice coil motor-331, second rotating shaft-332, galvanometer lens-333, Y-axis rotating mirror-34, rotating motor-341, first rotating shaft-342, rotating mirror lens-343, spherical bearing-344, multi-angle adjustment frame-4, hydraulic rod-41, universal joint-42, laser emission chamber-35, focusing lens-36, linear motor-37, laser beam-6. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a technical solution: a laser welding system based on a composite structure of a rotating mirror and a galvanometer, comprising a robotic arm 1, a welding gun head 2 is connected below the robotic arm 1, the movement of the robotic arm 1 drives the welding gun head 2 to move, so that the welding gun head 2 is aligned with the position where welding is required, a laser component is arranged in the welding gun head 2, and an optical path water cooling pipe is arranged in the laser component, the optical path water cooling pipe is used to reduce the heat loss of the optical path structure, the physical cooling method is stable and reliable, and the laser welding system can be continuously operated for a long time, and a welding protective gas system 5 is also arranged on the outside of the welding gun head 2, which can improve the welding quality, reduce the spatter rate, and reduce the welding porosity.

[0028] like Figure 2 As shown, the laser assembly includes an assembly housing 31, in which a laser head 32, an X-axis galvanometer 33 arranged in the horizontal direction, and a Y-axis rotating mirror 34 arranged in the vertical direction are arranged.

[0029] The laser head 32 is connected to the laser generator through an optical fiber. A laser beam is generated from the laser generator and transmitted by the optical fiber. The output end of the optical fiber is connected to the laser head 32 and is finally emitted from the laser head 32. The loss of laser in the optical fiber can be ignored.

[0030] A laser emitting cavity 35 extends from the bottom position of the component shell 31, and the bottom of the laser emitting cavity 35 is open. A focusing mirror 36 is provided at the bottom of the laser emitting cavity 35 of the laser beam 6. The position of the focusing mirror 36 can be adjusted up and down in the laser emitting cavity 35. The up and down adjustment method can be achieved by setting a linear motor 37 that can move up and down on the inner side of the laser emitting cavity 35, installing the focusing mirror 36 on the linear motor 37, and the numerical control system drives the linear motor 37 to move up and down, thereby completing the up and down movement of the focusing mirror 36 to adjust the focal position of the laser beam 6 to adapt to different laser welding requirements.

[0031] The laser emitted by the laser head 32 passes through the X-axis galvanometer 33, the Y-axis rotating mirror 34, and the focusing mirror 36 in sequence, and is finally emitted from the laser emission cavity 35. The laser beam 6 is reflected for the first time by the X-axis galvanometer 33, reflected to the Y-axis rotating mirror 34, and then reflected for the second time by the Y-axis rotating mirror 34, and finally forms a focus through the focusing mirror 36.

[0032] like Figure 3-4 As shown, the X-axis galvanometer 33 includes a voice coil motor 331 , and a galvanometer lens 333 is provided at the end of a second rotating shaft 332 of the voice coil motor 331 , and the voice coil motor 331 drives the galvanometer lens 333 to swing back and forth.

[0033] like Figure 5-8 As shown, the Y-axis rotating mirror 34 includes a rotating motor 341, which is electrically connected to the numerical control system. A rotating mirror lens 343 is provided at the end of the first rotating shaft 342 of the rotating motor 341. The first rotating shaft 342 and the rotating mirror lens 343 are connected by a spherical bearing 345. The rotating motor 341 drives the rotating mirror lens 343 to rotate at a high speed.

[0034] A multi-angle adjustment frame 4 is also provided on the rotating mirror lens 343, and the multi-angle adjustment frame 4 is composed of multiple hydraulic rods 41. One end of the hydraulic rod 41 is connected to the rotating mirror lens 343 through a universal joint 42, and the other end is connected to the first rotating shaft 342 through a universal joint 42. Each hydraulic rod 41 is electrically connected to the CNC system. The rotating mirror lens 343 is tilted by adjusting the length of each hydraulic rod 41. The high-speed rotation of the rotating mirror lens 343 makes the welding trajectory of the laser beam 6 spiral after being reflected by the Y-axis rotating mirror 34.

[0035] Observe the rotating mirror from the front. When the horizontal position of the left end of the rotating mirror is higher than that of the right end, the length of the hydraulic rod on the left side is the shortest, and the length of the hydraulic rod on the right side is the longest. The lengths of the remaining hydraulic rods increase from left to right.

[0036] Observing the rotating mirror from the front, when the horizontal position of the right end of the rotating mirror is higher than that of the left end, the hydraulic rod on the right is the shortest, the hydraulic rod on the left is the longest, and the lengths of the remaining hydraulic rods decrease from left to right.

[0037] The numerical control system adjusts the length of each hydraulic rod 41 according to the above rules to adjust the tilt angle of the rotating mirror lens 343, so that the laser width can be adjusted according to actual needs. At the same time, a triangular support structure can be formed between each hydraulic rod 41 and the first rotating shaft 342 and the rotating mirror lens 343 to improve the stability of the multi-angle adjustment frame 4 and ensure the stability of the Y-axis rotating mirror during high-speed rotation.

[0038] The present invention uses a Y-axis rotating mirror 34 that can be adjusted at multiple angles to replace the traditional Y-axis galvanometer. By combining the swing of the X-axis galvanometer 33 with the high-speed rotation of the Y-axis rotating mirror 34, the spiral welding of the rotating mirror and the galvanometer replaces the traditional double-galvanometer reciprocating welding, which greatly improves the laser swing frequency, changes the motion trajectory of the laser light path, realizes dual adjustment of the width, and improves the laser welding efficiency.

[0039] The smaller the scanning width, the more concentrated the energy, the deeper the welding depth, and the higher the laser welding efficiency. During welding, the laser width is 1-10mm, and the welding depth can reach up to 8mm, which is 20% higher than traditional dual-galvanometer reciprocating welding.

[0040] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential features of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and non-restrictive, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, and it is intended that all changes within the meaning and range of equivalents of the claims be included in the invention. Any reference numeral in a claim should not be considered as limiting the claim to which it relates.

[0041] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A laser welding system based on a composite structure of a rotating mirror and a galvanometer mirror, comprising a robotic arm (1), a welding gun head (2) connected below the robotic arm (1), a laser assembly being provided in the welding gun head (2), and characterized in that: The laser assembly comprises an assembly housing (31), wherein a laser head (32), an X-axis galvanometer (33) arranged in the horizontal direction, and a Y-axis rotating mirror (34) arranged in the vertical direction are arranged in the assembly housing (31), wherein the Y-axis rotating mirror (34) comprises a rotating motor (341), wherein a rotating mirror lens (343) is provided at the end of a first rotating shaft (342) of the rotating motor (341), wherein the first rotating shaft (342) and the rotating mirror lens (343) are connected via a spherical bearing (345), and a multi-angle adjustment frame (4) is further provided on the rotating mirror lens (343), wherein the multi-angle adjustment frame (4) comprises a plurality of hydraulic rods (41), wherein one end of the hydraulic rod (41) is connected to the rotating mirror lens (343), and the other end is connected to the first rotating shaft (342), and each hydraulic rod (41) is electrically connected to the numerical control system; The X-axis galvanometer (33) includes a voice coil motor (331). A galvanometer lens (333) is provided at the end of a second rotating shaft (332) on the voice coil motor (331). The voice coil motor (331) drives the galvanometer lens (333) to swing back and forth.

2. The laser welding system based on the composite structure of rotating mirror and galvanometer mirror according to claim 1, characterized in that: A laser emission cavity (35) extends from the bottom of the component housing (31), and the bottom of the laser emission cavity (35) is open.

3. The laser welding system based on the composite structure of rotating mirror and galvanometer mirror according to claim 2, characterized in that: A focusing mirror (36) is provided at the bottom of the laser emission cavity (35), and the position of the focusing mirror (36) can be adjusted up and down in the laser emission cavity (35).

4. The laser welding system based on the composite structure of rotating mirror and galvanometer mirror according to claim 3, characterized in that: The laser light emitted by the laser head (32) passes through the X-axis galvanometer (33), the Y-axis rotating mirror (34), and the focusing mirror (36) in sequence, and is finally emitted from the laser emission cavity (35).

5. The laser welding system based on the composite structure of rotating mirror and galvanometer mirror according to claim 4, characterized in that: An optical path water cooling tube is provided inside the laser assembly.

6. The laser welding system based on the composite structure of rotating mirror and galvanometer mirror according to claim 5, characterized in that: A welding shielding gas system (5) is provided on the outside of the welding gun head (2).

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