A model experimental dredging equipment

Abstract

The invention discloses a model experiment dredging treatment equipment, comprising a water pump, a four-way joint, a hose, a valve, a water outlet, a three-way joint, a side brush, a filter screen, a universal wheel, a baffle, a fixed plate and a pull ring; the four sides of one side of the fixed plate are fixed with baffles, one end of the side brush arranged at intervals with the baffle is connected to one side of the fixed plate, and a universal wheel connected to the fixed plate is arranged in a first area surrounded by the side brushes; the water pump is installed on the other side of the fixed plate, the filter screen is fixed at the water inlet of the water pump, and the filter screen is communicated with the first area, the water outlet section of the water pump is connected to the first joint of the three-way joint, the second joint of the three-way joint is connected to the first joint of the four-way joint, the third joint of the three-way joint is used as the water outlet and a valve is arranged on the joint, the other three joints of the four-way joint are connected to a water nozzle through a hose, the water nozzle penetrates the fixed plate and the water outlet faces one side of the fixed plate; a pull ring is fixed on the other side of the fixed plate. The invention has a simple structure, is energy-saving and environmentally friendly, can automatically adjust the spraying water pressure, is easy to move, realizes the efficient cleaning of the silted sand generated by the model experiment, reduces the labor intensity of the workers, and makes up for the lack of existing model experiment dredging treatment equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a model experiment silt removal processing device, belonging to the field of model experiment silt removal. Background Art

[0002] With the vigorous development of national infrastructure construction, the gradual improvement of water conservancy, construction, transportation, underground, geological disaster prevention and control projects, more and more world-renowned large projects are presented before our eyes. Behind each of these successful projects, countless calculations and verifications are required. In the design research stage, it is necessary to verify the feasibility of the design plan and parameters. Usually, model experiments are needed to further intuitively show the problems that may exist after the project is completed or during the construction process. Before construction, the construction plan and parameters can be further improved to avoid major engineering accidents, ensure the safety of construction personnel, reduce property losses, and improve construction efficiency. Therefore, it is also necessary to do physical model experiments. Through model experiments, we can explore the mechanism and development law behind the phenomenon in order to conduct further research. When conducting physical model experiments, geological materials or similar materials are needed to complete the experiment. There are often multiple similar materials in the experiment, and they need to be fully mixed according to a certain ratio. These geological materials and similar materials are often granular or powdered. After the experiment, these materials need to be removed and the experimental equipment needs to be cleaned to facilitate the next experiment. In the wastewater after cleaning, there are a lot of small particles; in some physical model experiments, there will be many small particles discharged with the water flow. As time goes by, these particles will be deposited at the bottom of the sedimentation tank, which is very difficult to clean. If improperly handled, it will cause the drainage pipe to be blocked, which is time-consuming and laborious and affects the progress of the experiment. The traditional cleaning method is: after the experiment, the sedimentation tank is pumped out first, and then the sludge is removed manually. Some similar materials are corrosive in themselves, or react with water to produce highly toxic or strong acid or alkaline. If they are cleaned manually for a long time, it will cause great harm to the human body and be time-consuming and laborious.

[0003] In summary, it is necessary to develop and design the structure of the dredging device to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, improve the efficiency of dredging, ensure the safety of operators, and save time and cost. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the problems of high cost, labor and poor safety brought by the existing dredging methods, the present invention provides a model experiment dredging treatment equipment, through which direct contact of personnel with harmful substances can be reduced or avoided, thereby reducing safety risks.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is:

[0006] A model experiment dredging treatment equipment comprises a water pump 1, a four-way joint 2, a hose 3, a valve 5, a water outlet 6, a three-way joint 7, a side brush 8, a filter screen 9, a universal wheel 10, a baffle 12, a fixed plate 13, and a pull ring 16; the four sides of one side of the fixed plate 13 are fixed with the baffle 12, one end of the side brush 8 arranged at intervals with the baffle 12 is connected to one side of the fixed plate 13, and the first area surrounded by the side brush 8 is provided with a universal wheel 10 connected to the fixed plate 13; the water pump 1 is installed on the other side of the fixed plate 13, and the water inlet of the water pump 1 is fixed with a universal wheel 10; The filter screen 9 is connected to the first area, the water outlet section of the water pump 1 is connected to the first joint of the three-way joint 7, the second joint of the three-way joint 7 is connected to the first joint of the four-way joint 2, the third joint of the three-way joint 7 serves as the water outlet 6 and a valve 5 is provided on the joint, the other three joints of the four-way joint 2 are connected to the water nozzle 11 through the hose 3, the water nozzle 11 passes through the fixed plate 13 and the water outlet faces one side of the fixed plate 13; a pull ring 16 is fixed on the other side of the fixed plate 13, and the pull ring 16 is used for an external pull rope.

[0007] The vertical distance between the bottom surface of the side brush 8 and the bottom surface of the fixed plate 13 is greater than the vertical distance between the bottom surface of the baffle 12 and the bottom surface of the fixed plate 13, and the vertical distance between the bottom surface of the universal wheel 10 and the bottom surface of the fixed plate 13 is greater than the vertical distance between the bottom surface of the side brush 8 and the bottom surface of the fixed plate 13.

[0008] The water spray nozzle 11 is a conical nozzle, and the large-diameter end gradually shrinks to the small-diameter end, and the small-diameter end serves as a water outlet end and faces toward the fixing plate 13 side.

[0009] There are three water spray nozzles 11 on the fixing plate 13. The three water spray nozzles 11 are evenly arranged around the center of the fixing plate 13. The connecting line of the three water spray nozzles 11 forms an equilateral triangle. The angle between the water spray nozzle 11 and the fixing plate 13 is Wherein, h is the vertical distance between the bottom surface of the universal wheel 10 and the bottom surface of the fixed plate 13, L is the horizontal distance between the center of the water outlet end surface of the water nozzle 11 and the center of the fixed plate 13, and D is the diameter of the water inlet section of pump 1.

[0010] The valve 5 can be a manual valve or an electric valve. When an electric valve is used, a concentration sensor 4 and a controller 15 are also configured. The concentration sensor 4 is installed on the third joint of the three-way joint 7. The concentration sensor 4 transmits the measured data to the controller 15 in real time.

[0011] The filter screen 9 is located at the center position of one side of the fixed plate 13. The diameter of the filter screen 9 is larger than the diameter of the water inlet section of the water pump 1. The filter screen 9 and the fixed plate 13 are fixed. The center of the filter screen 9 coincides with the center of the fixed plate 13. The aperture of the filter screen 9 is smaller than the diameter of the water outlet of the water nozzle 11.

[0012] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0013] 1. The design of the water nozzle of the present invention can spray high-pressure water to dilute the bottom silt and increase the water content of the silt. The high-pressure water sprayed from the water nozzle contains a large amount of solid particles, which can improve the flushing efficiency. The silt at the bottom is more easily broken, and the dispersed solid particles are fully mixed with water and transported with the water flow to the filter screen and then pumped out by the water pump, thereby realizing the self-cleaning silt removal of the water pump and making full use of resources; through the ingenious arrangement of the baffle plate, the side brush and the universal wheel, the entry of debris can be effectively blocked to prevent the water pump from being blocked. The bottom universal wheel is in direct contact with the ground, making it convenient to move the device during work; the distance between the side brush and the bottom of the fixed plate is greater than the distance between the baffle plate and the bottom of the fixed plate, which is convenient for concentrating large particles between the side brush and the baffle plate; the distance between the bottom of the universal wheel and the bottom of the fixed plate is greater than the distance between the bottom of the side brush and the bottom of the fixed plate, which can protect the side brush, avoid the side brush from being worn out by friction, and extend the service life of the present invention.

[0014] 2. The present invention uses solar cells to charge water pumps, concentration sensors and electric valves through external solar panels, which is energy-saving, environmentally friendly, convenient and fast. The concentration sensor will monitor the concentration of the pumped water in real time and transmit the data to the controller. After further processing the data, the controller controls the electric valve according to the concentration, thereby adjusting the water pressure of the water nozzle. When there is more silt at the bottom, the pumped water contains more sediment and has a higher concentration. The opening and closing degree of the electric valve is reduced. At this time, more water flows out from the water nozzle, and the water pressure and flow rate increase, which can quickly break up the silt. When the silt at this position is pumped out and not moved in time, the solid particles in the water flow decrease, the water flow concentration decreases, the opening and closing degree of the electric valve will increase, and most of the water will be discharged through the outlet along the external water pipe. Automatic adjustment of the water pressure can improve the silt removal efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 2 is a bottom view of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 4 is a partial cross-sectional view of the bottom;

[0019] The numbers in the figure are: 1. water pump; 2. four-way connector; 3. hose; 4. concentration sensor; 5. valve; 6. water outlet; 7. three-way connector; 8. side brush; 9. filter; 10. universal wheel; 11. water nozzle; 12. baffle; 13. fixing plate; 14. solar cell; 15. controller; 16. pull ring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention. It should be noted that the embodiments in this application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other arbitrarily without conflict.

[0021] Example 1: Figure 1-4 As shown, a model experimental dredging treatment equipment includes a water pump 1, a four-way joint 2, a hose 3, a valve 5, a water outlet 6, a three-way joint 7, a side brush 8, a filter screen 9, a universal wheel 10, a baffle 12, a fixed plate 13, and a pull ring 16; the four sides of one side of the fixed plate 13 are fixed with a baffle 12, one end of the side brush 8 arranged at intervals with the baffle 12 is connected to one side of the fixed plate 13, and the first area surrounded by the side brush 8 is provided with a universal wheel 10 connected to the fixed plate 13; the water pump 1 is installed on the other side of the fixed plate 13, and the water inlet of the water pump 1 is fixed with a baffle 12. A filter screen 9 is fixed, and the filter screen 9 is communicated with the first area, the water outlet section of the water pump 1 is connected to the first joint of the three-way joint 7, the second joint of the three-way joint 7 is connected to the first joint of the four-way joint 2, the third joint of the three-way joint 7 is used as the water outlet 6 and a valve 5 is provided on the joint, the other three joints of the four-way joint 2 are connected to the water nozzle 11 through a hose 3, the water nozzle 11 passes through the fixed plate 13 and the water outlet faces one side of the fixed plate 13; a pull ring 16 is fixed on the other side of the fixed plate 13, and the pull ring 16 is used to connect the pull rope externally. In the embodiment of the present invention, Figure 1 Taking the perspective as an example, the fixed plate 13 is a square plate, and four baffles 12 are fixed at the bottom of the fixed plate 13, and the baffles 12 are arranged perpendicular to the fixed plate 13; four side brushes 8 are fixed on the inner side of the four baffles 12, and the horizontal distance between the side brushes 8 and the baffles 12 is 1-3cm. Based on this design, some large particles blocked on the outside of the side brushes can be concentrated between the side brushes and the baffles, which is convenient for manual cleaning; four universal wheels 10 are fixed at the four corners of the bottom of the fixed plate 13 and arranged on the inner side of the side brushes 8. There are threaded holes on the fixed plate 13, and the water pump 1 is fixed on the fixed plate 13 by screws. There is a sealing ring between the water pump 1 and the fixed plate 13; the water nozzle 11 penetrates the fixed plate 13 for gluing. It should be noted that the advantages of the square shape of the fixed plate 13 are mainly: easy to design and manufacture, making it easier to connect the baffles 12, side brushes 8 and the fixed plate 13; the universal wheels 10 and the water nozzles 11 are evenly arranged, the force is evenly applied, the possibility of stress concentration is reduced, and it is not easy to deform.

[0022] Furthermore, the vertical distance between the bottom surface of the side brush 8 and the bottom surface of the fixed plate 13 is greater than the vertical distance between the bottom surface of the baffle 12 and the bottom surface of the fixed plate 13, and the vertical distance between the bottom surface of the universal wheel 10 and the bottom surface of the fixed plate 13 is greater than the vertical distance between the bottom surface of the side brush 8 and the bottom surface of the fixed plate 13; specifically, the vertical distance between the bottom surface of the side brush 8 and the bottom surface of the fixed plate 13 is set to be Acm larger than the vertical distance between the bottom surface of the baffle 12 and the bottom surface of the fixed plate 13, and A is 1-3cm, and the horizontal distance between the side brush 8 and the baffle 12 is greater than or equal to A; according to the on-site experiment, it is further given that: A is 2cm, and the horizontal distance between the side brush 8 and the baffle 12 is 2cm; the vertical distance between the bottom surface of the universal wheel 10 and the bottom surface of the fixed plate 13 is set to be 2mm more than the vertical distance between the bottom surface of the side brush 8 and the bottom surface of the fixed plate 13. Based on this design, on the one hand, the side brush 8 can be prevented from being worn out by friction, and on the other hand, large particles of impurities can be prevented from entering the first area to the greatest extent.

[0023] Furthermore, the water spray nozzle 11 is a conical nozzle, the large diameter end gradually shrinks to the small diameter end, and the small diameter end is used as the water outlet end and faces toward the side of the fixed plate 13 (with Figure 1 Taking the perspective as an example, the large end is located at the upper part of the fixed plate 13 and is sealed and connected to the water inlet of the hose 3, and the small end is located at the bottom of the fixed plate 13). Based on this design, the flow velocity and water pressure can be increased by reducing the flow area, making the silt easier to break.

[0024] Furthermore, there are three water spray nozzles 11 on the fixing plate 13, and the three water spray nozzles 11 are evenly arranged around the center of the fixing plate 13. The connecting line of the three water spray nozzles 11 forms an equilateral triangle, and the angle between the water spray nozzle 11 and the fixing plate 13 is Wherein, h is the vertical distance between the bottom surface of the universal wheel 10 and the bottom surface of the fixed plate 13, L is the horizontal distance between the end surface of the water outlet of the water nozzle 11 and the center of the fixed plate 13, and D is the diameter of the water inlet section of the water pump 1, and the water outlet of the water nozzle 11 is circular with an internal diameter of 3 mm. Based on this design, the water flow sprayed by the water nozzle 11 is reflected by the bottom of the sedimentation tank and reaches the filter screen 9, which can remove large particles attached to the surface of the filter screen 9.

[0025] Furthermore, the valve 5 adopts a manual valve or an electric valve; in the case of a manual valve, the operator adjusts the valve opening and closing according to the degree of silt. In the case of an electric valve, it is necessary to further configure a concentration sensor 4 and a controller 15, and the concentration sensor 4 is installed on the third joint of the three-way joint 7; in specific use, the concentration sensor 4 transmits the measured data to the controller 15 in real time, and the controller 15 further processes the data and automatically adjusts the opening and closing of the electric valve 5 according to the size of the data. The opening and closing of the electric valve 5 is controlled by the controller 15 to control the speed of water pumping, and the water outlet 6 is externally connected to a water pipe, and the silt and water can be discharged through the externally connected water pipe. According to experimental experience: when there is more silt at the bottom, the particle content in the extracted water flow is more, and the detected data becomes larger. At this time, the controller 15 will automatically reduce the opening and closing degree of the electric valve, allowing more water to flow along the hose 3 to reach the water nozzle 11, increasing the water flow speed and pressure sprayed by the water nozzle 11, quickly breaking up the silt and improving efficiency; when the value of the concentration sensor 4 rises to the preset value, the opening and closing degree of the electric valve will no longer continue to decrease (that is, in the working state, the valve will not be completely closed), which can avoid the water pump 1 being overloaded and burned due to too slow water output speed.

[0026] Furthermore, the model experiment dredging treatment equipment also includes a solar cell 14, which is externally connected to a solar panel. When there is sunlight, the solar cell 14 can be charged and stored. The solar cell 14 and the controller 15 are fixed together on the upper part of the fixed plate 13. There is an electric switch on the solar cell 14, and the solar cell 14 and the controller 15 have good waterproofness and sealing. The solar cell 14 can power the water pump, and can also power the controller 15, the concentration sensor 4 and the electric valve.

[0027] Furthermore, two pull rings 16 are fixed to the upper part of the fixing plate 13, and the two pull rings 16 are symmetrically arranged. The two pull rings 16 are externally connected to pull ropes, so as to facilitate putting in and pulling out of the sedimentation tank, and the moving direction can be accurately controlled.

[0028] Furthermore, the filter screen 9 is located at the center position of one side of the fixed plate 13, the diameter of the filter screen 9 is larger than the diameter of the water inlet section of the water pump 1, the filter screen 9 and the fixed plate 13 are fixed by screws, the center of the filter screen 9 coincides with the center of the fixed plate 13, and the aperture of the filter screen 9 is 2 mm, which is smaller than the diameter of the water outlet of the water nozzle 11, so as to prevent the water outlet of the water nozzle 11 from being blocked.

[0029] The desilting process of the present invention is as follows: before use, the solar cell 14 needs to be charged to ensure the normal use of the device; when in use, first fix the external water pipe to the water outlet 6, turn on the power switch, and the device starts to run; through the pull rope connected to the pull ring 16, put the device into the bottom of the sedimentation tank, so that the universal wheel 10 is in direct contact with the bottom sludge, and the external pull rope can accurately control the moving direction and speed. After being placed in the sedimentation tank, the device starts to work, and part of the water pumped out by the water pump 1 flows through the concentration sensor 4 and the electric valve through the three-way joint 7 and finally discharged from the water outlet 6 along the external water pipe, and the other part of the water enters the four-way joint 2, and enters the three water nozzles 11 along the three hoses 3 respectively. The water nozzle 11 converts the water flow into a high-pressure and high-speed water flow, which breaks up the sludge at the bottom and mixes it with water. The water flow contains a large number of fine particles, which increases the water flow's ability to cut the sludge. The concentration sensor 4 can detect the concentration of the water flow in real time. The controller 15 will process the detected data in real time and control the opening and closing degree of the electric valve 5 according to the concentration. When there is more silt at the bottom, the detected concentration value becomes larger, and the opening and closing degree of the electric valve 5 is reduced to allow more water to flow out of the water nozzle 11, thereby increasing the flow rate and water pressure of the water sprayed by the water nozzle 11, quickly breaking up the silt at the bottom and improving efficiency.

[0030] If the sludge in the sedimentation tank is thick and the cleaning requirements are not met after the water is drained, clean water can be added to the sedimentation tank to repeat the dredging work until the cleaning requirements are met. After the dredging is completed, the device is lifted out and closed using the external pull rope on the pull ring 16; the large particles of impurities concentrated between the side brush 8 and the baffle 12 fall off naturally as the device is lifted up, and then they are cleaned up manually.

[0031] By applying the above technical solution, it can be seen that the present invention has a simple structure, is energy-saving and environmentally friendly, can automatically adjust the spraying water pressure, and is easy to move. It realizes the efficient cleaning of silt generated by the model experiment, reduces the labor intensity of workers, and makes up for the lack of existing model experiment dredging equipment.

[0032] The specific implementation modes of the present invention are described in detail above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above implementation modes, and various changes can be made within the knowledge scope of ordinary technicians in this field without departing from the purpose of the present invention.

Claims

1. A model experiment dredging treatment equipment, characterized in that: The invention comprises a water pump (1), a four-way joint (2), a hose (3), a valve (5), a water outlet (6), a three-way joint (7), a side brush (8), a filter screen (9), a universal wheel (10), a water nozzle (11), a baffle (12), a fixed plate (13), and a pull ring (16); the baffle (12) is fixed to four sides of one side of the fixed plate (13); one end of the side brush (8) arranged at intervals with the baffle (12) is connected to one side of the fixed plate (13); a universal wheel (10) connected to the fixed plate (13) is arranged in a first area surrounded by the side brush (8); the water pump (1) is installed on the other side of the fixed plate (13); the water inlet of the water pump (1) is A filter screen (9) is fixed, and the filter screen (9) is in communication with the first area; the water outlet section of the water pump (1) is connected to the first joint of the three-way joint (7); the second joint of the three-way joint (7) is connected to the first joint of the four-way joint (2); the third joint of the three-way joint (7) serves as a water outlet (6) and is provided with a valve (5); the other three joints of the four-way joint (2) are connected to a water nozzle (11) through a hose (3); the water nozzle (11) penetrates the fixed plate (13) and the water outlet faces one side of the fixed plate (13); a pull ring (16) is fixed to the other side of the fixed plate (13); the pull ring (16) is used to connect an external pull rope.

2. The model test dredging equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vertical distance between the bottom surface of the side brush (8) and the bottom surface of the fixed plate (13) is greater than the vertical distance between the bottom surface of the baffle plate (12) and the bottom surface of the fixed plate (13); and the vertical distance between the bottom surface of the universal wheel (10) and the bottom surface of the fixed plate (13) is greater than the vertical distance between the bottom surface of the side brush (8) and the bottom surface of the fixed plate (13).

3. The model test dredging equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water spray nozzle (11) is a conical nozzle, with a large-diameter end gradually shrinking to a small-diameter end, and the small-diameter end serves as a water outlet end facing one side of the fixed plate (13).

4. The model test dredging equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that: There are three water spray nozzles (11) on the fixing plate (13), and the three water spray nozzles (11) are evenly arranged around the center of the fixing plate (13). The connecting line of the three water spray nozzles (11) forms an equilateral triangle. The angle between the water spray nozzles (11) and the fixing plate (13) is Wherein, h is the vertical distance between the bottom surface of the universal wheel (10) and the bottom surface of the fixed plate (13), L is the horizontal distance between the center of the water outlet end surface of the water spray nozzle (11) and the center of the fixed plate (13), and D is the diameter of the water inlet section of the water pump (1).

5. The model test dredging equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The valve (5) is a manual valve or an electric valve. When an electric valve is used, a concentration sensor (4) and a controller (15) are also configured. The concentration sensor (4) is installed on the third joint of the three-way joint (7). The concentration sensor (4) transmits measured data to the controller (15) in real time.

6. The model test dredging equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filter screen (9) is located at the center of one side of the fixed plate (13); the diameter of the filter screen (9) is larger than the diameter of the water inlet section of the water pump (1); the filter screen (9) and the fixed plate (13) are fixed; the center of the filter screen (9) coincides with the center of the fixed plate (13); and the aperture of the filter screen (9) is smaller than the diameter of the water outlet of the water spray nozzle (11).

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