A clamp head switching device

Abstract

The invention discloses a clamp head switching device, comprising an equipment support, a spare pipe base fixed on the equipment support, an equipment support for placing a drilling pipe and a rotating motor, wherein a tightening mechanism for rotating the drilling pipe is arranged on the equipment support, and the equipment support is fixed on one side of the equipment support, the tightening mechanism is connected to a clamping mechanism and a filling mechanism through a transmission mechanism, and the tightening mechanism comprises a protective shell and a transmission shaft connected to the output shaft of the rotating motor; the problems of installation tilt and unreliable fixation that may be caused by manual installation of slips are avoided, the risk of a drill bit falling from a rat hole is reduced, and the operation safety is greatly improved; the clamping mechanism can stably clamp the drilling pipe, and when the tightening mechanism drives the drilling pipe to rotate, the pipe will not fall out from the clamp, thereby preventing the pipe from accidentally falling off during operation and causing safety accidents.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of oil drilling rig automation tools, in particular to a clamp head switching device. Background Art

[0002] On-site operations of oil drilling mainly rely on manual operation, with high labor intensity and harsh working environment. Especially in the operation links of pipe column transportation, make-up and breakout, and drilling and unloading, there are great safety risks. Workers need to lift heavy drill pipes with both hands to assist in hoisting the drill pipes onto the derrick. The derrick workers on the second floor platform have difficulty moving drill pipes and drill collars at an altitude of dozens of meters. Working in bad weather is even more difficult and prone to safety accidents. The iron roughneck pliers are an advanced make-up and breakout tool. When make-up and breakout, the iron roughneck pliers must be kept perpendicular to the pipe to ensure normal make-up and breakout of the pipe. However, on land drilling rigs, ratholes generally have a certain angle with the drilling table, and the inner diameter of the rathole is much larger than the outer diameter of the pipe. The pipe placed in the rathole often has a spatial angle with the iron roughneck pliers, and the iron roughneck pliers can only tilt forward and backward, not left and right, so that the iron roughneck pliers cannot be perpendicular to the pipe, and the make-up and breakout are easy to slip, making it difficult to complete the make-up and breakout of the pipe in the rathole. Even if the make-up and breakout are barely completed, there are safety hazards and other problems.

[0003] First, in existing oil drilling field operations, slips are usually used to fix ratholes and pipelines. The fixing work of slips is often done manually by workers, who clamp them between the pipeline and the rathole. Since manual operation is difficult to accurately control or takes a long time to align, it is easy to cause the slips and the rathole to be at different horizontal angles, which in turn causes the slips to be tilted and unreliably fixed. This not only poses a serious safety hazard to the workers, but may also cause the drill bit to fall from the rathole, causing a major accident.

[0004] In addition, when dismantling and installing pipelines, workers generally rely on using pliers to loosen or tighten the pipelines from the drill pipes to achieve the purpose of replacing and adding pipelines. This method that relies entirely on manual work not only causes a huge waste of human resources, but also because it is necessary to move the drill pipes tens of meters high at the bottom, the operation is difficult, especially in severe weather conditions, the operation is extremely difficult, and the probability of safety accidents is greatly increased.

[0005] To this end, a clamp head switching device is proposed. Summary of the invention

[0006] The object of the present invention is to provide a clamp head switching device to solve the problem proposed in the above background technology that slips are usually used for fixing between ratholes and pipelines, and the fixing work of the slips is often done manually by workers. When disassembling and installing pipelines, workers generally rely on using clamp heads to loosen or tighten the pipelines from the drill pipes to achieve the purpose of replacing and adding pipelines.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a clamp head switching device, comprising an equipment support, a spare pipe base fixed on the equipment support, an equipment support for placing a drilling pipe and a rotating motor, the equipment support is provided with a tightening mechanism for rotating the drilling pipe, and the equipment support is fixed on one side of the equipment support, the tightening mechanism is connected to the clamping mechanism and the filling mechanism through a transmission mechanism, and the tightening mechanism includes a protective shell and a transmission shaft connected to the output shaft of the rotating motor, and the tightening mechanism is provided with a conveying mechanism for adding the drilling pipe;

[0008] The conveying mechanism includes two sets of bearing seats 1 and 2 fixed on the protective shell, and the bearing seats 1 and 2 are respectively movably connected with a rotating shaft and a friction roller, the rotating shaft and the friction roller are connected by a belt transmission, and a lead screw is fixedly connected inside the rotating shaft, so that the rotating shaft is driven to rotate when the drilling pipe rises inside the tightening mechanism, and the conveying mechanism also includes two levers fixed at the front end of the protective shell, and the two lead screws are transmission-connected with a pipe clamping mechanism;

[0009] The two ends of the lever are provided with a lever, and the two ends of the lever are provided with a lever, and the lever is locked. The two ends of the lever are locked and the lever is locked. The two ends of the lever are locked and the lever is locked.

[0010] The camming mechanism comprises an annular shell and a connecting rod rotating on both sides of the annular shell, and one end of the connecting rod is connected to the rotating motor through a transmission mechanism, and a half gear is fixedly connected to the two connecting rods, and a limiting ring is arranged between the two connecting rods, and tooth plates are fixedly connected to the two ends of the limiting ring, and the tooth plates are meshed with the half gear so that the limiting ring is driven to rise when the half gear rotates, and a plurality of slips for fixing the drilling pipe on the mouse hole are movably connected inside the limiting ring, and the two ends of the limiting ring are fixedly connected to support rods, and the support rods are fixedly connected to upper convex rings, and grooves are provided at positions corresponding to the support rods, and a lower convex ring is movably connected to the support rod, and the outer diameter of the lower convex ring is larger than the outer diameter of the upper convex ring, and a ramp falcon is movably connected inside the groove of the annular shell through a spring 2, so that the limiting ring is fixed to the annular shell through the lower convex ring and the upper convex ring.

[0011] Preferably: the tightening mechanism also includes a gear 1 fixedly connected to the transmission shaft, and the gear 1 is connected to two gears 2 through a transmission gear 1, the two gears 2 are meshingly connected with a closed twist wheel, and the closed twist wheel is interactively connected to the inside of the tightening wheel, so that when the rotating motor rotates, it drives the closed twist wheel to rotate and fix the drilling pipe inside the tightening mechanism, and claws are movably connected on both sides of the inside of the tightening wheel.

[0012] Preferably: the transmission mechanism includes a bevel gear group fixedly connected to the transmission shaft and a transmission gear 2 fixedly connected to one of the bevel gears in the bevel gear group, the transmission gear 2 is connected to two output gears through a chain transmission, and one of the output gears is transmission-connected to a connecting rod through a bevel gear and a transmission gear 3, and the other output gear is directly fixedly connected to a connecting rod, so that when the two output gears rotate, the two connecting rods are driven to rotate.

[0013] Preferably: the clamping mechanism includes a rear claw and a conveying shaft connected to the transmission gear, the rear claw is movably connected to the front claw through a rotating rod and a movable connecting rod assembly, and the front end of the front claw is fixedly connected to a limiting claw so that the front claw can retract toward the rear claw along the rotating rod when the conveying shaft drives the rotating rod to rotate.

[0014] Preferably: a plurality of ball bearings for reducing friction are arranged inside the threaded groove of the lead screw groove, and the dovetail tenon and dovetail groove on the dovetail clamping assembly are both arc-shaped surfaces, so that the dovetail clamping assembly is automatically clamped when the torsion spring drives the limit plate to close.

[0015] Preferably: a sliding wheel for reducing friction between the closing twist wheel and the protective shell is fixedly connected to the outer side of the tightening wheel, and when the two front claw closing twist wheels rotate, the two claws are driven to be ejected from the inside of the tightening wheel to auxiliary fix the drilling pipe inside the tightening mechanism.

[0016] Preferably: the equipment bracket is provided with a bearing seat matching the output gear, the bevel gear and the transmission gear three, one of the output gears is fixedly connected to a bevel gear, and the bevel gear is connected to another bevel gear through two transmission gear threes, so that when the output gear drives the connecting rod to rotate, the two connecting rods rotate in opposite directions.

[0017] Preferably, the clamping mechanism is movably connected inside the equipment support, and a plurality of rolling balls are arranged on the limiting claws, so that the drilling pipe will not escape from the clamping of the two limiting claws when the tightening mechanism drives the drilling pipe to rotate.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] The slips in the filling mechanism of the present invention can fix the drilling pipe on the rathole, avoiding the problems of installation tilt and unreliable fixation that may be caused by manual installation of slips, reducing the risk of the drill bit falling from the rathole, greatly improving the operation safety, and the clamping mechanism can stably clamp the drilling pipe, and when the tightening mechanism drives the drilling pipe to rotate, the pipe will not fall out of the clamp, preventing the pipe from accidentally falling off during the operation and causing a safety accident;

[0020] The invention realizes the coordinated operation of each mechanism by connecting the tightening mechanism, the clamping mechanism and the filling mechanism to the rotating motor through the transmission mechanism, reduces the manual operation links, improves the installation and removal efficiency of the pipeline, and the pipe clamping mechanism in the conveying mechanism can automatically convey and position the drilling pipeline, without manual handling of the pipeline, saving manpower and time, and further improving the operation efficiency;

[0021] The invention realizes automatic operation through the coordination of various mechanisms, reduces the labor intensity of workers in harsh working environments, and especially avoids high-intensity operations such as workers moving heavy drill rods through pliers. In addition, the device can also operate normally under harsh weather conditions, reduces the difficulty of operation and safety risks caused by weather reasons, and reduces the labor burden of workers.

[0022] The present invention makes the installation and disassembly of the pipeline more precise through the coordinated cooperation of various mechanisms, avoids the errors that may occur in manual operation, improves the success rate of making and breaking buckles, and reduces problems such as slipping caused by improper operation. The rising and fixing of the limit ring in the filling mechanism are achieved through the meshing connection of the half gear and the tooth plate and the cooperation of the upper convex ring, the lower convex ring and the bevel falcon, ensuring that the fixing position of the slip on the drilling pipeline is accurate and reliable. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the external overall structure of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the overall internal structure of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 A three-dimensional diagram of the overall internal structure connection of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 A perspective view of the internal details of the conveying mechanism of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 A three-dimensional diagram of the internal connection details of the tightening mechanism of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 6 A three-dimensional diagram showing the specific structure connection of the clamping mechanism of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 7 is a three-dimensional diagram of the external structure of the tube clamping mechanism of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 8 A three-dimensional diagram of the working state of the pipe clamping mechanism of the present invention;

[0031] Fig. 9 It is a cross-sectional perspective view of the transmission mechanism and the filling mechanism of the present invention;

[0032] Fig.10 For the present invention Fig. 9 Enlarged view of point A in the middle.

[0033] In the figure:

[0034] 1. Equipment bracket; 2. Spare pipe base; 3. Equipment support; 4. Drilling pipe; 5. Rotating motor;

[0035] 6. tightening mechanism; 61. protective housing; 62. transmission shaft; 63. gear 1; 64. gear 2; 65. transmission gear 1; 66. tightening wheel; 67. closing twist wheel; 68. claw; 69. sliding wheel;

[0036] 7. Conveying mechanism; 71. Bearing seat 1; 72. Bearing seat 2; 73. Lead screw; 74. Rotating shaft; 75. Friction roller; 76. Belt; 77. Push rod;

[0037] 8. Pipe clamping mechanism; 81. Pipe clamping frame; 82. Screw groove; 83. Limiting plate; 84. Clamping groove; 85. Top plate; 86. Movable support plate; 87. Dovetail clamping assembly; 88. Ring falcon; 89. Ring groove; 810. Spring 1;

[0038] 9. Transmission mechanism; 91. Bevel gear set; 92. Transmission gear 2; 93. Chain; 94. Output gear; 95. Bevel gear; 96. Transmission gear 3;

[0039] 10. Clamping mechanism; 101. Rear claw; 102. Conveying shaft; 103. Rotating rod; 104. Active connecting rod assembly; 105. Front claw; 106. Limiting claw;

[0040] 11. Filling mechanism; 111. Annular housing; 112. Linking rod; 113. Half gear; 114. Tooth plate; 115. Limiting ring; 116. Slip; 117. Support rod; 118. Lower convex ring; 119. Upper convex ring; 120. Inclined falcon; 121. Spring 2. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0042] See also Figures 1 to 10 The present invention provides a technical solution for a clamp switching device:

[0043] A clamp head switching device, comprising an equipment support 1, a spare pipe base 2 fixed on the equipment support 1, an equipment support 3 for placing a drilling pipe 4 and a rotating motor 5, the equipment support 3 is provided with a tightening mechanism 6 for rotating the drilling pipe 4, and the equipment support 3 is fixed on one side of the equipment support 1, the tightening mechanism 6 is connected to a clamping mechanism 10 and a filling mechanism 11 through a transmission mechanism 9, and the tightening mechanism 6 includes a protective shell 61 and a transmission shaft 62 connected to the output shaft of the rotating motor 5, and the tightening mechanism 6 is provided with a conveying mechanism 7 for adding the drilling pipe 4;

[0044] During operation, the rotating motor 5 is started to drive the tightening mechanism 6 to work, and at the same time, the transmission mechanism 9 drives the clamping mechanism 10 and the filling mechanism 11 to work together. The tightening mechanism 6 tightens or loosens the drilling pipe 4, the conveying mechanism 7 assists in the installation and positioning of the drilling pipe 4, the clamping mechanism 10 clamps and fixes the drilling pipe 4, and the filling mechanism 11 and the pipe clamping mechanism 8 fix the drilling pipe 4 on the rat hole, thereby realizing the automatic operation of the entire clamp head switching device and improving the efficiency and safety of oil drilling site operations.

[0045] The conveying mechanism 7 includes two sets of bearing seats 1 71 and bearing seats 2 72 fixed on the protective shell 61, and the bearing seats 1 71 and the bearing seats 2 72 are respectively movably connected with a rotating shaft 74 and a friction roller 75, the rotating shaft 74 and the friction roller 75 are connected by a belt 76, and the interior of the rotating shaft 74 is fixedly connected with a lead screw 73, so that the rotating shaft 74 is driven to rotate when the drilling pipe 4 rises inside the tightening mechanism 6. The conveying mechanism 7 also includes two levers 77 fixed at the front end of the protective shell 61, and the two lead screws 73 are connected with a pipe clamping mechanism 8;

[0046] The pipe clamping mechanism 8 includes a pipe clamping frame 81 and screw grooves 82 provided at both ends of the pipe clamping frame 81 for transmission connection with the screw 73. Both sides of the pipe clamping frame 81 are rotatably connected to limit plates 83, and torsion springs are provided at the rotational connection to automatically close the limit plates 83 on both sides of the pipe clamping frame 81. Top plates 85 for fixing the drilling pipe 4 inside the pipe clamping frame 81 are fixedly connected to the two limit plates 83. The interior of the pipe clamping frame 81 is movably connected to two movable support plates 86, and the movable support plates 86 are movably connected to the interior of the pipe clamping frame 81 through springs 1-810. The drilling pipe 4 is fixed between the two top plates 85 and the movable support plate 86. The two limit plates 83 are fixedly connected with the ring falcon 88, and the two movable support plates 86 are provided with an annular groove 89 matching the ring falcon 88, so that when the ring falcon 88 slides into the annular groove 89, the movable support plate 86 is retracted toward the inside of the pipe clamping frame 81. The two limit plates 83 are fixedly connected with the dovetail clamping assembly 87, and the front end of the limit plate 83 is provided with a clamping groove 84 matching the lever 77, so that when the limit plate 83 contacts the lever 77, the dovetail clamping assembly 87 can be unlocked and unfolded.

[0047] The filling mechanism 11 includes an annular shell 111 and connecting rods 112 rotating on both sides of the annular shell 111, and one end of the connecting rod 112 is connected to the rotating motor 5 through the transmission mechanism 9, and the two connecting rods 112 are fixedly connected with half gears 113, and a limiting ring 115 is arranged between the two connecting rods 112, and the two ends of the limiting ring 115 are fixedly connected with tooth plates 114, and the tooth plates 114 are meshed with the half gears 113 so that the limiting ring 115 is driven to rise when the half gears 113 rotate. The limiting ring 115 is movably connected with a plurality of slips 116 for fixing the drilling pipe 4 on the mouse hole, and the two ends of the limiting ring 115 are fixedly connected with support rods 117 to support An upper convex ring 119 is fixedly connected to the rod 117, and a groove is provided at a position corresponding to the annular shell 111 and the support rod 117. A lower convex ring 118 is also movably connected to the support rod 117, and the outer diameter of the lower convex ring 118 is larger than the outer diameter of the upper convex ring 119. The groove of the annular shell 111 is movably connected with a bevel 120 through a spring 121, so that the limit ring 115 is fixed to the annular shell 111 through the lower convex ring 118 and the upper convex ring 119. A plurality of ball bearings for reducing friction are arranged inside the threaded groove of the lead screw groove 82, and the dovetail tenon and the dovetail groove on the dovetail clamping assembly 87 are both arc-shaped surfaces, so that the dovetail clamping assembly 87 is automatically clamped when the torsion spring drives the limit plate 83 to close.

[0048] During operation, when it is necessary to disassemble or install the drilling pipe 4 on the drill pipe, the drill pipe is lifted upward by the lifting mechanism. When the drilling pipe 4 rises inside the tightening mechanism 6, it contacts the friction roller 75 and drives the friction roller 75 to rotate. The friction roller 75 drives the rotating shaft 74 to rotate through the belt 76, and the lead screw 73 inside the rotating shaft 74 rotates accordingly. The rotation of the lead screw 73 drives the pipe clamping mechanism 8 to move along the lead screw 73, thereby realizing the transportation and positioning of the drilling pipe 4.

[0049] During the transportation process of the pipe clamping mechanism 8, the limit plates 83 on both sides are closed under the action of the torsion spring and the dovetail clamping assembly 87, and the drilling pipe 4 is fixed inside the pipe clamping frame 81. The top plate 85 and the movable support plate 86 clamp the drilling pipe 4 under the action of the spring 810 to ensure its stability during transportation. When the pipe clamping mechanism 8 moves to the front end of the protective shell 61, the card slot 84 on the limit plate 83 contacts the lever 77, and the lever 77 releases the dovetail clamping assembly 87. At the same time, when the limit plate 83 rotates, the limit plate 83 is unfolded, and the ring 88 on the limit plate 83 is stuck in the inside of the ring groove 89 on the movable support plate 86, so that the movable support plate 86 shrinks to the inside of the pipe clamping frame 81 to release the drilling pipe 4.

[0050] At this time, the rotating motor 5 is started, and the rotating motor 5 drives the connecting rod 112 to rotate through the transmission mechanism 9, and the half gear 113 on the connecting rod 112 rotates accordingly, and the half gear 113 is meshed and connected with the toothed plates 114 at both ends of the limiting ring 115. When the half gear 113 rotates, the limiting ring 115 is driven to rise, and the support rods 117 at both ends of the limiting ring 115 move upward. Since the inclined plane 120 is stuck between the lower convex ring 118 and the upper convex ring 119 in the initial state, when the limiting ring 115 rises, since the outer diameter of the lower convex ring 118 is larger than the outer diameter of the upper convex ring 119, the lower convex ring 118 moves the inclined plane 120 on both sides to The ring housing 111 moves inside the groove, and at the same time, the ring housing 111 releases the restraint on the limit ring 115 under the action of gravity, so that the slip 116 is stuck between the drilling pipe 4 and the rat hole, thereby fixing the drilling pipe 4 on the rat hole. When the disassembly or installation is completed, the drill pipe is lifted upward by the lifting mechanism, so that the half gear 113 and the tooth plate 114 are re-engaged, thereby moving the limit ring 115 upward until the bevel falcon 120 is stuck between the lower convex ring 118 and the upper convex ring 119, so that the limit ring 115 is fixed on the ring housing 111, ensuring the fixing effect of the slip 116 on the drilling pipe 4.

[0051] As an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the tightening mechanism 6 also includes a gear 1 63 fixedly connected to the transmission shaft 62, and the gear 1 63 is connected to two gear 2s 64 through a transmission gear 1 65, and the two gear 2s 64 are meshedly connected with a closed twist wheel 67, and the closed twist wheel 67 is interactively connected to the inside of the tightening wheel 66, so that when the rotating motor 5 rotates, the closed twist wheel 67 is driven to rotate to fix the drilling pipe 4 inside the tightening mechanism 6, and claws 68 are movably connected on both sides of the inside of the tightening wheel 66, and a sliding wheel 69 for reducing the friction between the closed twist wheel 67 and the protective shell 61 is fixedly connected to the outside of the tightening wheel 66, and when the closed twist wheel 67 rotates, the two claws 68 are driven to be ejected from the inside of the tightening wheel 66, so that the drilling pipe 4 is auxiliary fixed to the inside of the tightening mechanism 6.

[0052] During operation, the rotating motor 5 drives the transmission shaft 62 to rotate, and the gear 1 63 on the transmission shaft 62 drives the two gear 2 64 to rotate through the transmission gear 1 65. The two gear 2 64 are meshed and connected to the closing twist wheel 67, so that the closing twist wheel 67 rotates inside the tightening wheel 66. When the closing twist wheel 67 rotates, the drilling pipe 4 is closed inside the tightening mechanism 6, and at the same time, the claws 68 on both sides of the tightening wheel 66 are driven out from the tightening wheel 66 to further assist in fixing the drilling pipe 4. At this time, the drilling pipe 4 is unscrewed or tightened by rotating the drill pipe, and the sliding wheel 69 outside the tightening wheel 66 reduces the friction between the closing twist wheel 67 and the protective shell 61, thereby ensuring the stable operation of the tightening mechanism 6.

[0053] As an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 6 , Fig. 9 and Fig.10 As shown, the transmission mechanism 9 includes a bevel gear set 91 fixedly connected to the transmission shaft 62 and a transmission gear 2 92 fixedly connected to one of the bevel gears of the bevel gear set 91, the transmission gear 2 92 is transmission-connected to two output gears 94 through a chain 93, and one of the output gears 94 is transmission-connected to a connecting rod 112 through a bevel gear 95 and a transmission gear 3 96, and the other output gear 94 is directly fixedly connected to a connecting rod 112, so that when the two output gears 94 rotate, the two connecting rods 112 are driven to rotate, and the equipment bracket 1 is provided with a bearing seat matching the output gear 94, the bevel gear 95 and the transmission gear 3 96, one of the output gears 94 is fixedly connected to a bevel gear 95, and the bevel gear 95 is transmission-connected to another bevel gear 95 through two transmission gear 3 96, so that when the output gear 94 drives the connecting rod 112 to rotate, the two connecting rods 112 rotate in opposite directions.

[0054] During operation, when the rotating motor 5 is started, the transmission shaft 62 drives the bevel gear set 91 to rotate, and one of the bevel gears on the bevel gear set 91 drives the transmission gear 2 92 to rotate, and the transmission gear 2 92 is connected to two output gears 94 through a chain 93. Since one of the output gears 94 is connected to one of the connecting rods 112 through a bevel gear 95 and a transmission gear 3 96, the other output gear 94 is directly fixedly connected to a connecting rod 112. When the two output gears 94 rotate, the two connecting rods 112 are driven to rotate. Due to the arrangement of the bearing seat, the bevel gear 95 and the transmission gear 3 96 on the equipment bracket 1, the two connecting rods 112 rotate in opposite directions, so that when the two connecting rods 112 rotate, the half gear 113 can be driven to rotate, and then the limit ring 115 can be driven to rise. The transmission mechanism 9 realizes the power transmission of the rotating motor 5, so that the tightening mechanism 6, the clamping mechanism 10 and the filling mechanism 11 can work together.

[0055] As an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 6 As shown, the clamping mechanism 10 includes a rear claw 101 and a conveying shaft 102 which is transmission-connected to the transmission gear 2 92. The rear claw 101 is movably connected to the front claw 105 through a rotating rod 103 and a movable connecting rod assembly 104, and the front end of the front claw 105 is fixedly connected to a limiting claw 106, so that when the conveying shaft 102 drives the rotating rod 103 to rotate, the front claw 105 shrinks along the rotating rod 103 toward the rear claw 101. The clamping mechanism 10 is movably connected to the inside of the equipment support 3, and a plurality of rolling balls are arranged on the limiting claw 106, so that when the tightening mechanism 6 drives the drilling pipe 4 to rotate, the drilling pipe 4 will not escape from the clamping of the two limiting claws 106.

[0056] During operation, the transmission gear 2 92 drives the conveying shaft 102 to rotate, and the conveying shaft 102 drives the rotating rod 103 to rotate. When the rotating rod 103 rotates, the front claw 105 shrinks along the rotating rod 103 toward the rear claw 101, and under the action of the movable connecting rod assembly 104, the two limiting claws 106 are gradually closed until the drilling pipe 4 is clamped and fixed inside the two limiting claws 106. A plurality of rolling balls are arranged between the limiting claws 106. When the tightening mechanism 6 drives the drilling pipe 4 to rotate, the action of the rolling balls prevents the drilling pipe 4 from escaping from the clamping of the two limiting claws 106, thereby ensuring the stability of the clamping.

[0057] Working principle: During operation, when it is necessary to disassemble and install the drilling pipe 4 on the drill rod, the drilling pipe is lifted upward by the lifting mechanism. When the drilling pipe 4 rises inside the tightening mechanism 6, it contacts the friction roller 75 and drives the friction roller 75 to rotate. The friction roller 75 drives the rotating shaft 74 to rotate through the belt 76, and the lead screw 73 inside the rotating shaft 74 rotates accordingly. The rotation of the lead screw 73 drives the pipe clamping mechanism 8 to move along the lead screw 73. The limit plates 83 on both sides are closed under the action of the torsion spring and the dovetail clamping assembly 87 to fix the drilling pipe 4 inside the pipe clamping frame 81. The top plate 85 and the movable support plate 86 clamp the drilling pipe 4 under the action of the spring 810 to ensure its stability during transportation. When the pipe clamping mechanism 8 moves to the front of the protective shell 61 When the stop plate 83 is at the end, the slot 84 on the limit plate 83 contacts the lever 77, and the lever 77 releases the dovetail clamping assembly 87. At the same time, when the limit plate 83 rotates, the limit plate 83 is expanded, and the ring 88 on the limit plate 83 is stuck in the inside of the ring groove 89 on the movable support plate 86, so that the movable support plate 86 shrinks toward the inside of the pipe clamp 81 until the drilling pipe 4 enters the inside of the tightening mechanism 6. At this time, the rotating motor 5 is started to release the drilling pipe 4. The rotating motor 5 drives the transmission shaft 62 to rotate, and the gear 1 63 on the transmission shaft 62 drives the two gears 2 64 to rotate through the transmission gear 1 65. The two gears 2 64 are meshed and connected to the closing twist wheel 67, so that the closing twist wheel 67 rotates inside the tightening wheel 66. When the closing twist wheel 67 rotates, the drilling pipe 4 is closed The inside of the tightening mechanism 6 drives the claws 68 on both sides of the tightening wheel 66 to be ejected from the inside of the tightening wheel 66, further assisting in fixing the drilling pipe 4, and at the same time drives the conveying shaft 102 to rotate, and the conveying shaft 102 drives the rotating rod 103 to rotate. When the rotating rod 103 rotates, the front claw 105 shrinks along the rotating rod 103 toward the rear claw 101, and under the action of the movable connecting rod assembly 104, the two limiting claws 106 are gradually closed until the drilling pipe 4 is clamped and fixed inside the two limiting claws 106, and the transmission shaft 62 drives the bevel gear set 91 to rotate, and one of the bevel gears on the bevel gear set 91 drives the transmission gear 2 92 to rotate, and the transmission gear 2 92 is connected to the two output gears 94 through the chain 93. Since one of the output gears 94 The bevel gear 95 and the transmission gear three 96 are connected to one of the connecting rods 112 through transmission, and the other output gear 94 is directly fixedly connected to one of the connecting rods 112. When the two output gears 94 rotate, the two connecting rods 112 are driven to rotate. Due to the arrangement of the bearing seat on the equipment support 1 and the bevel gear 95 and the transmission gear three 96, the two connecting rods 112 rotate in opposite directions. At this time, the half gear 113 on the connecting rod 112 rotates accordingly. Since the half gear 113 is meshed with the toothed plates 114 at both ends of the limiting ring 115, when the half gear 113 rotates, the limiting ring 115 is driven to rise, and the support rods 117 at both ends of the limiting ring 115 move upward. Since the inclined plane 120 is stuck between the lower convex ring 118 and the upper convex ring 119 in the initial state,When the limiting ring 115 rises, since the outer diameter of the lower convex ring 118 is larger than the outer diameter of the upper convex ring 119, the lower convex ring 118 moves the inclined planes 120 on both sides to the inside of the groove of the annular shell 111, and at the same time, under the action of gravity, the annular shell 111 releases the restraint of the limiting ring 115, so that the slips 116 are stuck between the drilling pipe 4 and the mouse hole, thereby fixing the drilling pipe 4 on the mouse hole. When the disassembly or installation is completed, the drill pipe is lifted upward by the lifting mechanism, so that the half gear 113 and the tooth plate 114 are re-engaged, thereby moving the limiting ring 115 upward until the inclined plane 120 is stuck between the lower convex ring 118 and the upper convex ring 119, so that the limiting ring 115 is fixed on the annular shell 111, ensuring the fixing effect of the slips 116 on the drilling pipe 4, and the transmission mechanism 9 realizes the power transmission of the rotating motor 5, so that the tightening mechanism 6, the clamping mechanism 10 and the filling mechanism 11 can work together.

[0058] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A clamp head switching device, comprising an equipment support (1), a spare pipe base (2) fixed to the equipment support (1), an equipment support (3) for placing a drilling pipe (4), and a rotating motor (5), Features: The equipment support (3) is provided with a tightening mechanism (6) for rotating the drilling pipe (4), and the equipment support (3) is fixed to one side of the equipment bracket (1), the tightening mechanism (6) is transmission-connected to the clamping mechanism (10) and the filling mechanism (11) via a transmission mechanism (9), and the tightening mechanism (6) comprises a protective housing (61) and a transmission shaft (62) connected to the output shaft of the rotating motor (5), and the tightening mechanism (6) is provided with a conveying mechanism (7) for adding the drilling pipe (4); The conveying mechanism (7) comprises two groups of bearing seat 1 (71) and bearing seat 2 (72) fixed on the protective shell (61), and the bearing seat 1 (71) and the bearing seat 2 (72) are respectively movably connected with a rotating shaft (74) and a friction roller (75), the rotating shaft (74) and the friction roller (75) are connected by a belt (76), and a lead screw (73) is fixedly connected inside the rotating shaft (74) so ​​that the rotating shaft (74) is driven to rotate when the drilling pipe (4) rises inside the tightening mechanism (6). The conveying mechanism (7) also comprises two levers (77) fixed at the front end of the protective shell (61), and the two lead screws (73) are connected by a pipe clamping mechanism (8); The pipe clamping mechanism (8) comprises a pipe clamping frame (81) and screw grooves (82) provided at both ends of the pipe clamping frame (81) for transmission connection with the screw (73). Both sides of the pipe clamping frame (81) are rotatably connected to limit plates (83), and torsion springs are provided at the rotational connection points so that the limit plates (83) on both sides of the pipe clamping frame (81) are automatically closed. Both limit plates (83) are fixedly connected to a top plate (85) for fixing the drilling pipe (4) inside the pipe clamping frame (81). The inside of the pipe clamping frame (81) is movably connected to two movable support plates (86), and the movable support plates (86) are movably connected to the inside of the pipe clamping frame (81) through a spring 1 (810). The drilling pipe (4) is fixed between the two top plates (85) and the movable support plate (86); the two limit plates (83) are fixedly connected with a ring falcon (88); and the two movable support plates (86) are provided with an annular groove (89) matching the ring falcon (88) so that when the ring falcon (88) slides into the annular groove (89), the movable support plate (86) is retracted toward the inside of the pipe clamping frame (81); the two limit plates (83) are fixedly connected with a dovetail clamping assembly (87); and the front end of the limit plate (83) is provided with a clamping groove (84) matching the lever (77) so that when the limit plate (83) contacts the lever (77), the dovetail clamping assembly (87) can be unlocked and unfolded; The filling mechanism (11) comprises an annular housing (111) and connecting rods (112) rotating on both sides of the annular housing (111), and one end of the connecting rod (112) is connected to the rotating motor (5) through a transmission mechanism (9), and the two connecting rods (112) are fixedly connected to a half gear (113), and a limit ring (115) is provided between the two connecting rods (112), and the two ends of the limit ring (115) are fixedly connected to a tooth plate (114), and the tooth plate (114) is meshingly connected with the half gear (113) so that when the half gear (113) rotates, the limit ring (115) is driven to rise, and the limit ring (115) is movably connected inside with a plurality of gears for moving the drilling pipe. (4) A cava (116) fixed on the mouse hole, and both ends of the limit ring (115) are fixedly connected to support rods (117), and the support rods (117) are fixedly connected to upper convex rings (119), and the annular shell (111) is provided with a groove at a position corresponding to the support rod (117), and the support rod (117) is also movably connected to a lower convex ring (118), and the outer diameter of the lower convex ring (118) is larger than the outer diameter of the upper convex ring (119), and the groove of the annular shell (111) is movably connected to a bevel falcon (120) through a spring 2 (121), so that the limit ring (115) is fixed to the annular shell (111) through the lower convex ring (118) and the upper convex ring (119).

2. A clamp switching device according to claim 1, Features: The tightening mechanism (6) further comprises a gear 1 (63) fixedly connected to the transmission shaft (62), and the gear 1 (63) is transmission-connected to two gear 2s (64) via a transmission gear 1 (65), the two gear 2s (64) are meshingly connected to a closed twist wheel (67), and the closed twist wheel (67) is interactively connected to the inside of a tightening wheel (66), so that when the rotary motor (5) rotates, the closed twist wheel (67) is driven to rotate to fix the drilling pipe (4) inside the tightening mechanism (6), and claws (68) are movably connected to both sides of the inside of the tightening wheel (66).

3. A clamp switching device according to claim 1, Features: The transmission mechanism (9) comprises a bevel gear set (91) fixedly connected to the transmission shaft (62) and a second transmission gear (92) fixedly connected to one of the bevel gears of the bevel gear set (91); the second transmission gear (92) is transmission-connected to two output gears (94) via a chain (93); one of the output gears (94) is transmission-connected to a linkage rod (112) via a bevel gear (95) and a third transmission gear (96); the other output gear (94) is directly fixedly connected to a linkage rod (112), so that when the two output gears (94) rotate, the two linkage rods (112) are driven to rotate.

4. A clamp switching device according to claim 1, Features: The clamping mechanism (10) comprises a rear claw (101) and a conveying shaft (102) which is transmission-connected to a second transmission gear (92); the rear claw (101) is movably connected to a front claw (105) via a rotating rod (103) and a movable connecting rod assembly (104); and the front end of the front claw (105) is fixedly connected to a limiting claw (106) so that when the conveying shaft (102) drives the rotating rod (103) to rotate, the front claw (105) contracts along the rotating rod (103) toward the rear claw (101).

5. A clamp switching device according to claim 1, Features: A plurality of ball bearings for reducing friction are arranged inside the threaded groove of the lead screw groove (82), and the dovetail tenon and dovetail groove on the dovetail clamping assembly (87) are both arc-shaped surfaces, so that when the torsion spring drives the limit plate (83) to close, the dovetail clamping assembly (87) is automatically clamped.

6. A clamp switching device according to claim 2, Features: A sliding wheel (69) is fixedly connected to the outer side of the tightening wheel (66) for reducing friction between the closing twist wheel (67) and the protective housing (61), and when the closing twist wheel (67) rotates, two claws (68) are driven out from the inside of the tightening wheel (66) to assist in fixing the drilling pipe (4) inside the tightening mechanism (6).

7. A clamp switching device according to claim 3, Features: The equipment bracket (1) is provided with a bearing seat matching the output gear (94), the bevel gear (95) and the transmission gear three (96), wherein one of the output gears (94) is fixedly connected to a bevel gear (95), and the bevel gear (95) is transmission-connected to another bevel gear (95) via two transmission gear threes (96), so that when the output gear (94) drives the linkage rod (112) to rotate, the two linkage rods (112) rotate in opposite directions.

8. A clamp switching device according to claim 4, Features: The clamping mechanism (10) is movably connected inside the equipment support (3), and a plurality of rolling balls are arranged on the front claw (105), so that when the tightening mechanism (6) drives the drilling pipe (4) to rotate, the drilling pipe (4) will not fall out from the clamping of the two limiting claws (106).

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