Device for preparing cow mattress material by recycling cow dung

Abstract

The present invention discloses a device for preparing cow mattresses from cow manure, which belongs to the technical field of cow mattress preparation, and comprises: a frame; a solid-liquid separator, which is arranged at the upper part of the frame and is used to remove liquid from cow manure; a mixing unit, which is arranged at the lower part of the frame, the feeding side of the mixing unit corresponds to the discharge end of the solid-liquid separator, and the mixing unit is used to evenly mix cow manure, straw and microbial stock solution; a spiral feeder, which is used to transport the materials mixed by the mixing unit; and a stacking unit, which is arranged below the outlet end of the spiral feeder and is used to ferment and dry the mixed materials. It can achieve zero discharge of cow manure, realize the recycling of cow manure, will not cause secondary pollution to the environment, and realize the resource treatment of manure to the greatest extent.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of cattle mattress preparation, in particular to a device for preparing cattle mattress by recycling dairy cow feces. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous improvement of living standards, people's demand for meat and dairy products is increasing. In order to increase production, a trend of large-scale dairy farming has been formed. While large-scale farming produces good economic benefits, the concentrated production of large amounts of manure and sewage also brings serious environmental problems, directly affecting the sustainable development of the farming industry. Statistics show that there are currently about 10 million dairy cows in my country. If each cow produces 3.5 kg of manure per day, the annual output of manure is more than 120 million tons. Therefore, the treatment of manure and sewage in dairy farms has attracted great attention from environmental protection departments and the industry.

[0003] At present, there are many ways to treat and recycle cow dung, such as anaerobic fermentation to produce biogas, composting to produce organic fertilizer, and fermentation and reuse of bedding technology. Anaerobic fermentation of cow dung to produce biogas, also known as biogas fermentation, refers to the process in which cow dung decomposes and metabolizes to produce combustible mixed gases such as methane and carbon dioxide under certain moisture, temperature and anaerobic conditions. However, this technical process has high requirements, the equipment operation cost is expensive, and it is difficult to realize the economical resource utilization of cow dung. Cow dung composting and fermentation technology refers to adjusting indicators such as moisture and carbon-nitrogen ratio during the composting process, and constantly turning the compost to make it mature, and finally forming fertilizer to return to the field. However, cow dung is a cold fertilizer with low calorific value, poor aeration, low fermentation temperature and slow decomposition, which will lead to a long composting cycle, large storage volume of dung, and secondary pollution to the environment during the transportation process.

[0004] The technology of high-temperature fermentation of cow dung to reuse as cow bedding is to separate the manure from the farm into solid and liquid, and then treat the solid manure through aerobic fermentation and air-dry it as cow bedding. This bedding will not affect the milk production performance and somatic cell count of dairy cows. This approach not only solves the pollution problem of manure, but also solves the problem of the source of cow bedding, and has significant economic, ecological and social benefits, becoming a new type of potential technology. However, due to the great differences in climate and regional environmental conditions in different regions, the high-temperature fermentation technology of cow dung is difficult to apply to breeding areas with different conditions and types, especially in the cold northern regions with large temperature differences. The fermentation technology is relatively single, and there is no complete and effective technical system. Even under low temperature conditions, the high-temperature fermentation process cannot be completed. Summary of the invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a device for preparing cow mattress materials by recycling cow manure, so as to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] A device for preparing cow mattress material by recycling cow dung, comprising: a frame; a solid-liquid separator, arranged at the upper part of the frame, and used for removing liquid from the cow dung; a mixing unit, arranged at the lower part of the frame, the feeding side of the mixing unit corresponding to the discharge end of the solid-liquid separator, the mixing unit being used for uniformly mixing cow dung, straw and microbial stock solution; a spiral feeder, used for conveying the material mixed by the mixing unit; and a stacking unit, arranged below the outlet end of the spiral feeder, and used for fermenting and drying the mixed material.

[0008] Preferably, the mixing unit includes a mixing box, a feeding platform is provided on the top of one side of the mixing box, a motor 1 is provided on the bottom of the other side of the mixing box, the output shaft of the motor 1 extends to the interior of the mixing box and is provided with a driving shaft, a spiral feeding plate is provided on the driving shaft, a reciprocating screw is rotatably connected to the top in the middle of the mixing box, a driving plate is threadedly connected to the reciprocating screw, a scraper is provided on the driving plate, and the scraper is in contact with the inner wall of the mixing box.

[0009] Preferably, both sides of the inner wall of the mixing box are rotatably connected with transmission rods, a plurality of mounting rings are provided on the transmission rods, a plurality of stirring blades are provided on the mounting rings, and a plurality of stirring rods are provided on the stirring blades.

[0010] Preferably, two shafts are provided at the bottom of one side of the mixing box, gears are provided at one end of the shaft and the driving shaft, the three gears are meshed and connected, and transmission parts are provided between the driving shaft and the reciprocating screw and between the transmission rod and the shaft.

[0011] Preferably, the stacking unit includes a stacking box, both sides of which are rotatably connected with side panels via hinges, an installation box body is provided on one side of the inner wall of the stacking box, and the installation box body is provided with a pushing unit for spreading the mixed material and a control unit for controlling the opening and closing of the side panels.

[0012] Preferably, the control unit includes a cylinder, the output end of the cylinder extends to the interior of the installation box and is provided with a lifting plate, both sides of the lifting plate are rotatably connected with push arms through a rotating shaft, the ends of the push arms penetrate the installation box and are rotatably connected to the side plates, both sides of the installation box are provided with a through groove one corresponding to the push arm, a column is provided on the upper surface of the lifting plate, a connecting seat is provided on the column, a through groove two corresponding to the connecting seat is provided on the installation box, and the connecting seat is connected to the pushing unit.

[0013] Preferably, the pushing unit includes a mounting bar, one end of which is slidably connected to the inner wall of the stacking box via a slide rail, and the other end of the mounting bar is provided with a threaded column, which is socketed with a connecting seat, an adjusting ring is threadedly connected to the threaded column, and the adjusting ring is rotatably connected to the connecting seat, a moving seat and an actuator for driving the moving seat to move are provided on the lower surface of the mounting bar, a plate body is provided at the bottom of the moving seat, and a plurality of spreading rods are threadedly connected to the lower surface of the plate body.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0015] When in use, the cow manure to be processed is put into the solid-liquid separator to squeeze out excess water in the cow manure, and the cow manure after squeezing out falls into the mixing unit to feed the straw and the microbial stock solution. Under the action of the mixing unit, the cow manure, straw and the microbial stock solution can be evenly mixed. The straw not only provides a carbon source for microbial metabolism, but also uses the good air permeability of the straw itself to replace air and dissipate heat, which is beneficial to the regulation of moisture content. Under the action of the microbial stock solution, the formation of dominant bacteria in the fermentation process can be enhanced, such as Bacillus, Clostridium, Actinomycetes and Flavobacterium, and the The fast metabolic rate releases heat, which can promote the rapid heating of fermentation and enter the fermentation stage, shorten the fermentation cycle, and then the mixed cow manure, straw and microbial concentrate are put into the stacking unit for high-temperature fermentation under the action of the spiral feeder, which can effectively kill harmful pathogens. After the fermentation is completed, it can be broken up under the action of the stacking unit, so that the fermented material can be spread flat for air drying and drying, reducing the moisture in the fermented material, which is convenient and fast. In the above process, not only the zero emission of dairy cow manure is achieved, but also the recycling of dairy cow manure is realized, which will not cause secondary pollution to the environment and maximize the resource processing of manure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 It is a structural cross-sectional view of the frame of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the mixing unit and the spiral feeder of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure inside the mixing box of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the stacking unit of the present invention in a stacking fermentation working state;

[0021] Figure 6 is a structural cross-sectional view of a stacking unit of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the stacking unit of the present invention in a flat-laying air-drying working state;

[0023] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the partial structure of the stacking unit of the present invention.

[0024] In the figure:

[0025] 100, frame; 200, solid-liquid separator; 300, mixing unit; 400, screw feeder; 500, stacking unit; 301, mixing box; 302, feeding table; 303, motor 1; 304, drive shaft; 305, screw feeding plate; 306, reciprocating screw rod; 307, transmission rod; 308, shaft; 309, gear; 310, synchronous wheel; 311, synchronous belt; 312, mounting ring; 313, stirring blade; 314 , stirring rod; 315, driving plate; 316, scraper; 501, stacking box; 502, side plate; 503, mounting box; 504, cylinder; 505, lifting plate; 506, push arm; 507, through slot one; 508, column; 509, connecting seat; 510, through slot two; 511, threaded column; 512, adjusting ring; 513, mounting strip; 514, moving seat; 515, actuator; 516, plate; 517, spreading rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] See also Figure 1-Figure 8 , the present invention provides a technical solution:

[0028] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, a device for preparing cow mattress material from resource-based dairy cow manure comprises a frame 100, a solid-liquid separator 200, a mixing unit 300, a spiral feeder 400 and a stacking unit 500. The solid-liquid separator 200 is arranged at the upper part of the frame 100 for removing liquid from the dairy cow manure. The solid-liquid separator 200 adopts a spiral extrusion solid-liquid separator with a model of YQGY-1E. The mixing unit 300 is arranged at the lower part of the frame 100. The feeding side of the mixing unit 300 corresponds to the discharging end of the solid-liquid separator 200. The mixing unit 300 is used to uniformly mix dairy cow manure, straw and microbial stock solution. The straw is not only a microbial The carbon source is provided by the metabolism of the organisms, and the good air permeability of the straw itself is used for air replacement and heat dissipation, which is beneficial to the regulation of moisture content. The microbial stock solution can strengthen the formation of dominant bacteria in the fermentation process, such as Bacillus, Clostridium, Actinomycetes and Flavobacterium, accelerate the metabolic rate and release heat, which can promote the rapid heating of the fermentation to enter the fermentation stage and shorten the fermentation cycle. The feed end of the spiral feeder 400 is connected to the discharge end of the mixing unit 300, and is used to transport the materials mixed by the mixing unit 300. The stacking unit 500 is arranged below the outlet end of the spiral feeder 400, and is used to ferment and dry the mixed materials.

[0029] like Figure 3 As shown, the mixing unit 300 includes a mixing box 301, a feeding table 302 is arranged on the top of one side of the mixing box 301, and a motor 303 is arranged on the bottom of the other side of the mixing box 301. The output shaft of the motor 303 extends to the inside of the mixing box 301 and is provided with a driving shaft 304. The driving shaft 304 is provided with a spiral feeding plate 305. By controlling the motor 303 to work, the driving shaft 304 drives the spiral feeding plate 305 to start rotating, and the material is pushed to the mixing box 301 under the action of the spiral feeding plate 305. The mixing box 301 moves in the direction opposite to the outlet side. When the material mixing is completed, the control motor 303 works in the reverse direction, and the material is pushed to move toward the outlet side of the mixing box 301 under the action of the spiral feeding plate 305 until the material is put into the spiral feeder 400. The top in the middle of the mixing box 301 is rotatably connected with a reciprocating screw rod 306, and a driving plate 315 is threadedly connected to the reciprocating screw rod 306. A scraper 316 is provided on the driving plate 315, and the scraper 316 fits against the inner wall of the mixing box 301.

[0030] like Figure 4 As shown, both sides of the inner wall of the mixing box 301 are connected to the transmission rod 307, a plurality of mounting rings 312 are arranged on the transmission rod 307, a plurality of stirring blades 313 are arranged on the mounting rings 312, and a plurality of stirring rods 314 are arranged on the stirring blades 313.

[0031] Furthermore, two shafts 308 are provided at the bottom of one side of the mixing box 301, and gears 309 are provided at one end of the shaft 308 and the driving shaft 304. The three gears 309 are meshingly connected, and transmission parts are provided between the driving shaft 304 and the reciprocating screw rod 306 and between the transmission rod 307 and the shaft 308. The transmission includes two synchronous wheels 310, and the two synchronous wheels 310 are sleeved with synchronous belts 311.

[0032] Specifically, when the cow manure, straw and microbial stock solution are mixed, the cow manure from which water is squeezed out falls into the mixing box 301 through the discharge port of the solid-liquid separator 200, and then the staff puts a certain amount of straw and microbial stock solution into the mixing box 301 through the feeding table 302 according to the weight of the cow manure. In this embodiment, the manure residue and the straw are mixed in a volume ratio of 2:1, and 1.3L / t of microbial stock solution is added, and then the motor 1 303 is controlled to work so that the driving shaft 304 drives the spiral feeding plate 305 to start rotating, and under the action of the spiral feeding plate 305, the material is pushed to move in the opposite direction to the outlet side of the mixing box 301, and under the action of the transmission member, the two sides are moved. The transmission rod 307 drives the mounting ring 312, the stirring blade 313 and the stirring rod 314 to rotate toward the center of the mixing box 301. At the same time, under the action of the thread on the reciprocating screw rod 306, the driving plate 315 drives the scraper 316 to reciprocate. The scraper 316 can not only clean the material attached to the inner wall of the mixing box 301, but also push the material, thereby further improving the mixing effect. When the material mixing is completed, the motor 303 is controlled to work in the reverse direction, and under the action of the spiral feeding plate 305, the material is pushed toward the outlet side of the mixing box 301 until the material is put into the spiral feeder 400. The scraper 316 can also avoid waste.

[0033] like Figure 5-Figure 7As shown, the stacking unit 500 includes a stacking box 501, the cross section of which is a U-shaped structure. Both sides of the stacking box 501 are rotatably connected to side panels 502 by hinges. One side of the inner wall of the stacking box 501 is provided with an installation box 503, and the installation box 503 is provided with a pushing unit for spreading the mixed material and a control unit for controlling the opening and closing of the side panels 502. When the mixed material needs to be stacked and fermented, the side panels 502 are flipped by the control unit, so that the two side panels 502 and the stacking box 501 form a box structure with an upper opening, and the spiral feeder 400 puts the material into the above box structure. Then the pushing unit works to push the material to form the required size. In this embodiment, the material is formed into a strip pile of 8m long, 2.8m wide and 1.5m high under the action of the pushing unit. During fermentation, the ambient temperature is -9.8~8.5℃ sub-low temperature conditions, the fermentation temperature in the warming stage is 0~50℃, which lasts for 18 days, and the fermentation temperature in the high temperature stage is 50~55℃, which lasts for 14 days. During this process, the pile needs to be turned over once every 4 days. Among them, the fermentation temperature in the warming stage is 0~50℃. At this time, it is mainly proteins, simple sugars, fats and other easily decomposable substances that decompose rapidly, release heat, and promote temperature increase. This stage lasts for 12 days; the fermentation temperature in the high temperature stage is 50~55℃. At this time, as the temperature rises, mesophilic microorganisms gradually dormant and thermophilic microorganisms dominate, continuing to decompose organic matter in the raw materials, continuously releasing heat to maintain high temperature. This stage lasts for 7 days.

[0034] Further, such as Figure 8 As shown, the control unit includes a cylinder 504, the output end of the cylinder 504 extends to the interior of the installation box 503 and is provided with a lifting plate 505, both sides of the lifting plate 505 are rotatably connected with push arms 506 through a rotating shaft, the ends of the push arms 506 penetrate the installation box 503 and are rotatably connected to the side plates 502, both sides of the installation box 503 are provided with a through groove 1 507 corresponding to the push arm 506, the upper surface of the lifting plate 505 is provided with a column 508, the column 508 is provided with a connecting seat 509, the installation box 503 is provided with a through groove 2 510 corresponding to the connecting seat 509, and the connecting seat 509 is connected to the pushing unit.

[0035] Furthermore, the pushing unit includes a mounting bar 513, one end of which is slidably connected to the inner wall of the stacking box 501 through a slide rail, and the other end of the mounting bar 513 is provided with a threaded column 511, which is socketed with the connecting seat 509, and an adjusting ring 512 is threadedly connected to the threaded column 511, and the adjusting ring 512 is rotatably connected to the connecting seat 509. A moving seat 514 and an actuator 515 for driving the moving seat 514 to move are provided on the lower surface of the mounting bar 513, and a plate body 516 is provided at the bottom of the moving seat 514, and a plurality of spreading rods 517 are threadedly connected to the lower surface of the plate body 516. By rotating the adjusting ring 512, the threaded column 511 drives the mounting bar 513 to move up and down under the action of the thread, thereby realizing the initial adjustment of the plate body 516 and the spreading rods 517. The height is adjusted from the beginning. When the fermentation of the material is completed, the control unit controls the side plate 502 to flip, so that the two side plates 502 and the lower surface of the stacking box 501 form a plane structure. At the same time, the cylinder 504 drives the lifting plate 505 to move downward, so that the column 508 drives the connecting seat 509 and the mounting strip 513 to start moving downward, so that the plate body 516 and the spreading rod 517 start to move downward. At the same time, under the drive of the actuator 515, the movable seat 514 drives the plate body 516 and the spreading rod 517 to perform reciprocating motion, spread out the fermented material, and accelerate the air-drying effect. When the water content in the material is less than 50%, the air-drying process is completed to obtain the cattle mattress material, and then the material is tested for pathogens. The material after drying does not contain Salmonella, Shigella, Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli.

[0036] The working process of this embodiment is as follows: the cow manure to be processed is put into the solid-liquid separator 200 to squeeze out the excess water in the cow manure, and the cow manure after squeezing is dropped into the mixing unit 300 to feed the straw and the microbial stock solution. Under the action of the mixing unit 300, the cow manure, the straw and the microbial stock solution can be evenly mixed, and then under the action of the spiral feeder 400, the mixed cow manure, the straw and the microbial stock solution are put into the stacking unit 500 for high-temperature fermentation. After the fermentation is completed, the side plate 502 is opened, and then the pushing unit is used to break it up, so that the fermented product is spread flat to improve the air-drying effect and reduce the moisture in the fermented product.

[0037] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A device for preparing cow mattress material by recycling cow dung, characterized in that: include: Frame; The solid-liquid separator is arranged on the upper part of the frame and is used to remove liquid from the cow feces; A mixing unit is arranged at the lower part of the frame, the feeding side of the mixing unit corresponds to the discharging end of the solid-liquid separator, and the mixing unit is used to uniformly mix the cow manure, straw and microbial stock solution; A screw feeder, used for conveying the materials mixed by the mixing unit; and A stacking unit is arranged below the outlet end of the spiral feeder and is used for fermenting and drying the mixed materials; The stacking unit comprises a stacking box, both sides of which are rotatably connected with side panels via hinges, a mounting box body is provided on one side of the inner wall of the stacking box, and a pushing unit for flattening the mixed materials and a control unit for controlling the opening and closing of the side panels are provided on the mounting box body; The control unit includes a cylinder, the output end of the cylinder extends to the interior of the installation box and is provided with a lifting plate, both sides of the lifting plate are rotatably connected with push arms through a rotating shaft, the ends of the push arms penetrate the installation box and are rotatably connected to the side plates, both sides of the installation box are provided with a through slot corresponding to the push arm, a column is provided on the upper surface of the lifting plate, a connecting seat is provided on the column, a through slot corresponding to the connecting seat is provided on the installation box, and the connecting seat is connected to the push unit; The pushing unit includes a mounting bar, one end of which is slidably connected to the inner wall of the stacking box via a slide rail, and the other end of the mounting bar is provided with a threaded column, which is socketed with a connecting seat, an adjusting ring is threadedly connected to the threaded column, and the adjusting ring is rotatably connected to the connecting seat, a moving seat and an actuator for driving the moving seat to move are provided on the lower surface of the mounting bar, a plate body is provided at the bottom of the moving seat, and a plurality of spreading rods are threadedly connected to the lower surface of the plate body.

2. The device for preparing cow mattress material from dairy cow feces according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mixing unit includes a mixing box, a feeding platform is arranged on the top of one side of the mixing box, a motor 1 is arranged on the bottom of the other side of the mixing box, the output shaft of the motor 1 extends to the interior of the mixing box and is provided with a driving shaft, a spiral feeding plate is arranged on the driving shaft, a reciprocating screw is rotatably connected to the top in the middle of the mixing box, a driving plate is threadedly connected to the reciprocating screw, a scraper is arranged on the driving plate, and the scraper is in contact with the inner wall of the mixing box.

3. The device for preparing cow mattress material from dairy cow feces as resource according to claim 2, characterized in that: Both sides of the inner wall of the mixing box are rotatably connected with transmission rods, a plurality of mounting rings are arranged on the transmission rods, a plurality of stirring blades are arranged on the mounting rings, and a plurality of stirring rods are arranged on the stirring blades.

4. The device for preparing cow mattress material from dairy cow feces as resource according to claim 3, characterized in that: Two shafts are arranged at the bottom of one side of the mixing box, and gears are arranged at one end of the shaft and the driving shaft, and the three gears are meshed and connected. Transmission parts are arranged between the driving shaft and the reciprocating screw rod and between the transmission rod and the shaft.

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