Welding torch and welding machine tool

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of automatic welding, and specifically discloses a welding torch and a welding machine, including a hollow shaft motor and a conductive rod, wherein the conductive rod is located in the hollow shaft, the conductive rod is fixedly connected to the rear cover of the hollow shaft motor, one end of the conductive rod is connected to a conductive nozzle, a protective cover is coaxially connected to the hollow shaft, and the open end of the protective cover is connected to the hollow shaft; the conductive nozzle is located in the protective cover, and a vent hole and a welding wire hole are provided on the protective cover, and the welding wire hole is an eccentric hole; an air hole is provided at the lower part of the conductive rod, and the air hole is communicated with the hollow shaft; a detection unit for detecting the rotation speed information of the hollow shaft is provided on the outer shell of the hollow shaft motor. The present invention makes the connection and coordination between the welding torch, the welding gun and the wire feeding tube simpler, and can be applied to a variety of welding scenes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of automatic welding, and in particular to a welding torch and a welding machine tool. Background Art

[0002] In industrial production, there are a large number of demands for welding of flat plate butt joints, flat plate corner joints, round tube butt joints, and flat plate and round tube corner joints. At present, such workpieces are mainly welded using a robotic arm plus a teaching pendant. This method requires user programming or teaching, and has the problems of long preparation time, low processing efficiency, and high requirements for the assembly clearance of workpiece joints.

[0003] In order to realize the automatic teaching-free welding of the above workpieces, it is necessary to track the weld in real time during the welding process. At present, in the field of welding, structured light vision is mostly used for weld tracking. Since the structure of the structured light vision sensor is relatively large and the detection position is generally located a distance in front of the welding position, the structured light vision sensor is difficult to apply to the above small workpieces, especially when there is a saddle-shaped weld.

[0004] The rotating arc sensor detects weld deviation according to the change of current or voltage during welding, and there is no problem of pre-positioning the detection point. It is particularly suitable for automatic tracking of welds of small and complex workpieces. However, current research on rotating arc sensors generally adopts the method of rotating the conductive rod. Since the part of the wire feed tube located in the conductive rod in the prior art is usually spring-shaped and pressed on the end of the inner cavity of the conductive rod, and the welding wire usually fed into the wire feed tube is relatively long, the wire feed tube and the welding wire will not rotate, and the conductive rod needs to be connected to the pipeline system of the welding gun. Therefore, the method of rotating the conductive rod in the prior art brings difficulties to the connection of the wire feed tube and the connection between the conductive rod and the welding gun, and the operation is complicated during the connection process.

[0005] And the wire feeding channel in the conductive nozzle on the conductive rod needs to fit with the welding wire to carry out smooth conductive welding. However, since the conductive rod will rotate, while the welding wire and the wire feeding tube will not rotate, relative movement will occur between the welding wire and the conductive nozzle, and between the wire feeding tube and the inner cavity end of the guide rod, which will generate greater friction, resulting in poor wire feeding and affecting the welding quality. Summary of the invention

[0006] The present invention provides a welding torch, aiming to make the connection and coordination between the welding torch, a welding gun and a wire feeding tube simpler; and also provides a welding machine tool which can be applicable to various welding scenarios.

[0007] The present invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a welding torch comprises a hollow shaft motor and a conductive rod, the hollow shaft motor comprises a shell, a rear cover and a hollow shaft, the hollow shaft is rotatably connected to the shell, the rear cover is connected to one end of the shell, the conductive rod is located in the hollow shaft, and the conductive rod is fixedly connected to the rear cover of the hollow shaft motor, one end of the conductive rod is connected to a conductive nozzle, a wire feeding channel is provided on the conductive nozzle, a protective cover is coaxially connected to the hollow shaft, one end of the protective cover is an open end, the other end of the protective cover is a closed end, and the open end of the protective cover is connected to the hollow shaft; the conductive nozzle is located in the protective cover, and an air vent and a welding wire hole are provided at one end of the protective cover away from the hollow shaft; the welding wire hole is an eccentric hole, and the welding wire hole and the wire feeding channel of the conductive nozzle are staggered; an air hole is provided at the lower part of the conductive rod, and the air hole is communicated with the hollow shaft; a detection unit for detecting the rotation speed information of the hollow shaft is provided on the shell of the hollow shaft motor.

[0008] The conductive rod of the welding torch in the present solution is fixedly connected to the rear cover of the hollow shaft motor so that the installation position of the conductive rod is fixed. In this way, the conductive rod is easier and more convenient to connect with the pipeline system and wire feeding tube of the welding gun, and the connection structure is also simpler. Unlike the prior art, there is no need to consider the complex structure of connecting the conductive rod with other components due to the need to rotate the conductive rod. The present solution simplifies the connection and cooperation between the conductive rod and other components, thereby reducing the installation cost.

[0009] In addition, in this solution, since the conductive rod does not rotate, the friction between the wire feeding tube and the welding wire and the conductive rod and the conductive nozzle can be effectively reduced, thereby making the wire feeding smoother and avoiding affecting the welding quality.

[0010] When the welding wire enters the conductive rod from the wire feeding tube, passes through the conductive nozzle, and finally passes through the eccentric hole on the protective cover, the protective cover is connected to the hollow shaft. Therefore, the protective cover will rotate under the drive of the hollow shaft of the hollow shaft motor and drive the welding wire to rotate in a circle. Since the welding wire hole is set as an eccentric hole in the present scheme, the welding wire hole and the wire feeding channel of the conductive nozzle are staggered, so that the welding wire can generate a rotation radius during the rotation process, and its rotation trajectory is circular, which is convenient for identifying the spatial deviation of the weld, thereby causing the change of current. This makes it convenient for the current sensor to measure the current change of the welding cable during the welding process, and obtain the spatial deviation information of the welding torch through data processing in the later stage, so as to facilitate the adjustment of the position of the welding torch in the later stage.

[0011] In this solution, the detection unit inspects the speed and position information of the hollow shaft, and uses this as a trigger signal for the current sensor to collect current. After that, the current sensor collects the welding current of one circle of welding, that is, the current signal of one cycle, and so on, continuously collecting current information. In this way, the deviation between the welding torch and the weld is calculated by cooperating with the existing industrial computer to adjust the welding position of the welding torch.

[0012] Furthermore, the ventilation holes are provided in plurality, the plurality of ventilation holes are evenly distributed circumferentially, and the welding wire hole is located inside the plurality of ventilation holes.

[0013] Beneficial effect: A plurality of circumferentially evenly distributed vent holes can evenly discharge the argon gas and other gases used to provide normal welding entering from the conductive rod, thereby improving the welding quality.

[0014] Furthermore, the detection unit is a photoelectric switch, which is mounted on the housing, a code disk is coaxially connected to the hollow shaft, a notch is provided on one side of the code disk, and the photoelectric switch is inserted into one side of the code disk.

[0015] Beneficial effect: In this solution, there is a gap on the outside of the code disk. When the gap of the code disk rotates to the photoelectric switch, infrared light passes through, generating a level flip signal, which is used as a trigger signal for the current sensor to collect current.

[0016] Furthermore, the current sensor is a Hall sensor, and the current sensor is sleeved on the welding cable.

[0017] Beneficial effect: The current sensor in this solution adopts a Hall sensor, which has high sensitivity.

[0018] Furthermore, a flange is coaxially connected to the upper portion of the conductive rod, a groove is provided on the top of the rear cover, and the flange is located in and connected to the groove.

[0019] Beneficial effect: In this solution, the flange on the conductive rod cooperates with the groove on the rear cover, which can improve the tightness of the installation of the conductive rod and the rear cover, and can improve the installation accuracy of the conductive rod.

[0020] Furthermore, the shell includes an upper shell and a lower shell, the back cover, the upper shell and the lower shell are coaxially and detachably connected in sequence, and sealing rings are provided between the back cover and the upper shell and between the upper shell and the lower shell.

[0021] Beneficial effect: In this solution, the shell is divided into an upper shell and a lower shell, and the back cover, the upper shell and the lower shell are coaxially detachably connected, which makes it more convenient to install other components connected to the shell, and also facilitates the later maintenance and replacement of parts inside the shell.

[0022] A welding machine tool comprises a workbench, a flat round tube welding motion assembly connected to the workbench, a plate workpiece angle joint fixing assembly, a shaft workpiece welding motion assembly and a weld tracking motion assembly;

[0023] The flat round tube welding motion assembly comprises an electric turntable connected to the workbench, an electromagnet installed on the output end of the electric turntable, and a tooling table installed on the electromagnet, wherein the electric turntable can perform rotational motion;

[0024] The plate workpiece corner joint fixing assembly comprises a mounting platform connected to a workbench, a mounting cavity is provided on the mounting platform, the flat round tube welding motion assembly is concentrically arranged in the mounting cavity of the mounting platform, and a quick clamp is installed on the top of the mounting platform;

[0025] The shaft workpiece welding motion assembly comprises a pneumatic chuck, a turntable and a drive unit, the turntable is connected to the workbench, the pneumatic chuck is rotationally matched with the turntable, and the drive unit is used to drive the pneumatic chuck to rotate;

[0026] The weld tracking motion assembly comprises an X-axis slide, a Y-axis slide and a Z-axis slide arranged in sequence along the X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis directions, and the X-axis slide, the Y-axis slide and the Z-axis slide are all provided with a lead screw, a motor and a slider, the lead screw and the slider form a lead screw pair structure, and the motor drives the lead screw to rotate and drives the three sliders to slide along the X-axis slide, the Y-axis slide and the Z-axis slide respectively;

[0027] A connecting plate is horizontally connected to the slider of the Y-axis slide, a welding torch drive motor vertically arranged thereon is connected to the connecting plate, an adapter is connected to the output shaft of the welding torch drive motor, and a welding torch as described above is connected to the adapter.

[0028] The welding machine tool of this solution can be applied to the welding scenarios of two flat plates butting, two flat plates corner joint, two round tubes butting, and flat plate and round tube corner joint. Before welding, fix the workpiece to the corresponding workstation, and the welding machine tool can automatically complete the welding task of the two workpieces. The goal of one machine tool meeting 4 different types of welding needs can be achieved. During welding, by using the industrial computer in the prior art in conjunction with the weld tracking motion component and the welding torch, the deviation information of the weld during welding can be obtained in real time and the weld tracking motion component can be controlled to correct the position of the welding torch. The welding task can be automatically completed without the user's additional complex programming and teaching.

[0029] During welding, the control system of the industrial computer can adjust the position of the welding torch in real time by controlling the movement state of the weld tracking motion component and the welding torch drive motor, thereby improving the quality of the weld formation.

[0030] The multifunctional fully automatic welding machine tool for spatial special-shaped workpieces with rotating arc sensing of the present invention can be applied to various welding scenarios, is easy for users to operate, has good weld forming quality, reduces the work intensity of welders, and improves the economic benefits of the factory.

[0031] The workbench in this solution provides a working plane for the user, and provides a fixing function for the flat round tube welding motion component, the plate workpiece corner joint fixing component, the shaft workpiece welding motion component, and the weld tracking motion component;

[0032] The flat plate and round tube welding motion assembly mainly works when welding the flat plate and the round tube corner joint; the electromagnet can adsorb the workpiece, so that the workpiece is in a fixed state during welding, and the electric turntable is used to drive the workpiece to rotate, so as to facilitate welding of the workpiece all around; in addition, the tooling table in this scheme provides a working plane for the flat plate and the round tube corner joint and the two flat plate joint parts. When the surface of the worktable is damaged and cannot be repaired due to splashing of welding slag during the welding process, it can be easily replaced, avoiding the problem of high replacement cost after being integrated with the electromagnet.

[0033] The plate workpiece corner joint fixing assembly is mainly used when welding two plate workpiece corner joints. Surrounding the flat round tube welding motion assembly, the quick clamp can fix the workpiece, thereby facilitating welding of the workpiece.

[0034] The shaft workpiece welding motion assembly mainly works when welding shaft workpieces, such as round tube to round tube joints, round tube to spiral blade angle joints;

[0035] The weld seam tracking motion component drives the welding torch to move in the X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis directions, so that the welding torch can always be at the weld seam position.

[0036] Furthermore, a spacer column is connected between the tooling table and the electromagnet.

[0037] Beneficial effect: The temperature of the welding process is high. If the surface of the electromagnet is directly used as the tooling plane, it will cause great damage to the electromagnet, shortening the life of the electromagnet. Adding a spacer column between the tooling table and the electromagnet and fixing it can play a role in heat insulation and increase the life of the electromagnet.

[0038] Furthermore, the top surface of the mounting platform is flush with the top surface of the tooling platform.

[0039] Beneficial effect: Such an arrangement makes the surface of the mounting table and the tooling table flat, which is convenient for placing the workpiece for welding and avoids the unevenness between the tooling tables when welding plate workpieces, which affects the stable placement of the workpiece and the welding quality.

[0040] Furthermore, the quick clamp is detachably connected to the mounting platform, and a plurality of groups of threaded holes are provided on the mounting platform along its length and width directions, and the quick clamp is threadedly connected to one of the groups of threaded holes on the mounting platform.

[0041] Beneficial effect: Such an arrangement facilitates flexible adjustment of the installation position of the quick clamp, thereby being able to fix workpieces of different sizes. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0042] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the present invention, constitute a part of this application, and do not constitute a limitation of the embodiments of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0043] Figure 1 A structural cross-sectional view of a welding torch of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 2 A three-dimensional diagram of a welding torch of the present invention from one viewing angle;

[0045] Figure 3 A three-dimensional diagram of a welding torch of the present invention from another perspective;

[0046] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional diagram of a welding torch of the present invention after the rear cover is removed;

[0047] Figure 5 A three-dimensional diagram of a welding machine tool according to the present invention from one viewing angle;

[0048] Figure 6 A three-dimensional diagram of a welding machine tool of the present invention from another perspective;

[0049] Figure 7 A three-dimensional diagram of a flat plate round tube welding motion assembly in a welding machine tool of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 8 This is a model diagram of the butt joint of plate-type workpieces;

[0051] Fig. 9 This is the model diagram of the corner joint of the plate workpiece;

[0052] Fig.10 This is a model diagram of a round tube butt joint;

[0053] Fig.11 This is the model diagram of the flat plate and round tube corner joint;

[0054] Fig.12 It is the control system principle.

[0055] Marks and corresponding parts names in the attached drawings:

[0056] 0. Workbench, 1. Flat round tube welding motion assembly, 1-1. Electric turntable, 1-2. Electromagnet, 1-3. Tooling table, 1-4. Partition column;

[0057] 2. Plate workpiece corner joint fixing assembly, 2-1. Mounting table, 2-2. Quick clamp;

[0058] 3. Shaft workpiece welding motion components, 3-1. Pneumatic chuck, 3-2. Rotary table, 3-3. Transmission shaft, 3-4. Large synchronous pulley, 3-5. Small synchronous pulley, 3-6. Shaft workpiece welding drive motor, 3-7. Fixed frame;

[0059] 4. Weld seam tracking motion assembly, 4-1. X-axis slide, 4-2. Y-axis slide, 4-3. Z-axis slide, 4-4. Connecting plate, 4-5. Welding torch drive motor, 4-6. Adapter;

[0060] 5. Welding torch, 50. Shell, 501. Upper shell, 502. Lower shell, 51. Stator, 52. Rotor, 53. Hollow shaft, 54. Back cover, 55. Conductive rod, 551. Flange, 552. Air hole, 56. Conductive nozzle, 561. Wire feeding channel, 57. Protective cover, 571. Wire hole, 572. Vent, 58. Code disk, 581. Notch, 59. Photoelectric switch, 60. Bearing, 70. Sealing ring, 8. Bushing, 90. Bolt hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0061] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments and drawings. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their description are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Example

[0062] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a welding torch, including a hollow shaft motor and a conductive rod 55. The hollow shaft motor includes a shell 50, a rear cover 54, a stator 51, a rotor 52 and a hollow shaft 53. The hollow shaft 53 is rotatably connected to the shell 50, and the rear cover 54 is connected to one end of the shell 50.

[0063] In this embodiment, the housing 50 includes an upper housing 501 and a lower housing 502, and the back cover 54, the upper housing 501 and the lower housing 502 are coaxially detachably connected in sequence. Specifically: Figure 2 As shown, the upper shell 501, the lower shell 502 and the back cover 54 are all circular rotating structures, and four evenly distributed bolt holes 90 are opened at the ends of the upper shell 501, the lower shell 502 and the back cover 54. The upper shell 501, the lower shell 502 and the back cover 54 are connected into one by inserting bolts into the four bolt holes 90 and connecting them with nuts.

[0064] Combination Figure 1 As shown, sealing rings 70 are provided between the back cover 54 and the upper shell 501 and between the upper shell 501 and the lower shell 502. In this embodiment, the upper shell 501, the lower shell 502 and the back cover 54 are detachably connected, which facilitates the installation of other components.

[0065] In this embodiment, the stator 51 and the rotor 52 are located in the lower housing 502, and the stator 51 and the lower housing 502 are fixed by glue, the rotor 52 is located in the stator 51, and the hollow shaft 53 is connected to the rotor 52. The hollow shaft 53 is rotatably connected to the lower parts of the upper housing 501 and the lower housing 502 through the bearing 60, and the upper part of the rotor 52 is coaxially embedded with a sleeve 8, and the hollow shaft 53 passes through the sleeve 8, and the sleeve 8 can reduce the wear between the hollow shaft and the bearing 60.

[0066] The conductive rod 55 is located in the hollow shaft 53, and the conductive rod 55 is fixedly connected to the rear cover 54 of the hollow shaft motor. Specifically: Figure 2 As shown, the upper part of the conductive rod 55 is coaxially connected with a flange 551, and a groove is formed on the top of the rear cover 54. The flange 551 is located in the groove and connected to the bottom of the groove by screws. In another embodiment, an external thread is processed on the outer side of the flange 551 of the conductive rod 55, and an internal thread is processed on the inner side of the groove of the rear cover 54. After the conductive rod 55 and the rear cover 54 are threadedly connected, the flange 551 of the conductive rod 55 and the groove of the rear cover 54 are reinforced by screws.

[0067] The end of the conductive rod 55 away from the rear cover 54 is connected to a conductive nozzle 56, and a wire feeding channel 561 is provided on the conductive nozzle 56. In this embodiment, the conductive rod 55 is threadedly connected to the conductive nozzle 56. A protective cover 57 is coaxially connected to the hollow shaft 53. In this embodiment, one end of the protective cover 57 is an open end, and the other end of the protective cover 57 is a closed end. The open end of the protective cover 57 is fixedly connected to the hollow shaft 53 by a set screw.

[0068] The conductive nozzle 56 is located in the protective cover 57, and a vent hole 572 and a welding wire hole 571 are provided at one end of the protective cover 57 away from the hollow shaft 53 (i.e., the closed end of the protective cover 57). The welding wire hole 571 is an eccentric hole, and the welding wire hole 571 is staggered with the wire feeding channel 561 of the conductive nozzle 56. In this embodiment, the wire feeding channel 561 is centrally arranged and located on the axis of the protective cover 57.

[0069] Combination Figure 1 and Figure 3As shown, there are a plurality of vent holes 572 on the protective cover 57, and the plurality of vent holes 572 are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction, and the welding wire hole 571 is located in the inner circle formed by the plurality of vent holes 572, and the welding wire hole 571 is eccentrically arranged with the central axis of the protective cover 57, that is, not on the same axis. The welding wire enters the conductive rod 55 from the wire feeding tube of the welding gun, passes through the conductive nozzle 56, and finally passes through the eccentric hole.

[0070] In this embodiment, the protective cover 57 is a refractory ceramic protective cover 57, and there is an eccentric position of 1-2 mm between the welding wire hole 571 and the wire feeding channel 561 of the guide nozzle. The refractory ceramic protective cover 57 rotates under the drive of the hollow shaft motor, and drives the welding wire to rotate, so that the rotation path of the welding wire forms a circular ring, which is convenient for the later measurement of the spatial deviation of the welding wire.

[0071] like Figure 1 As shown, the lower part of the conductive rod 55 is provided with an air hole 552, which is communicated with the hollow shaft. In this embodiment, there are four air holes 552, which are evenly distributed along the circumference of the conductive rod 55, and the air holes 552 are arranged in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the conductive rod 55. Argon gas or other gas used for welding input from the conductive rod 55 enters from the conductive rod 55, is discharged from the air hole 552, passes through the hollow shaft and enters the protective cover 57, and is finally discharged from the vent hole 572 at the bottom of the protective cover 57 to provide the required gas for welding.

[0072] like Figure 1 As shown, a detection unit for detecting the rotation speed and position information of the hollow shaft is provided on the housing 50 of the hollow shaft motor. In this embodiment, the detection unit is a photoelectric switch 59, which is installed on the housing 50. A code disk 58 is coaxially connected to the hollow shaft. In this embodiment, the code disk 58 is located on the inner side of the upper housing 501. The code disk 58 is mushroom-shaped, wherein a threaded hole arranged in a longitudinal direction is provided on the stem portion of the code disk 58. The code disk 58 can be connected and fixed to the hollow shaft by a set screw.

[0073] Combination Figure 4 As shown, a notch 581 is provided on one side of the code disk 58. In this embodiment, the notch 581 is located on the outside of the cap part of the code disk 58. The photoelectric switch 59 is inserted into the cap side of the code disk 58. When the hollow shaft rotates, it can drive the code disk 58 to rotate together, so that the code disk 58 continuously rotates through the U-shaped groove of the photoelectric switch 59. At this time, the photoelectric switch 59 can detect the rotation speed and position information of the code disk 58.

[0074] A current sensor (not shown) is provided on the outside of the welding torch 5, and the current sensor can measure the current of the welding cable during welding. In this embodiment, the current sensor is a Hall sensor, and the current sensor is sleeved on the welding cable.

[0075] like Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, in another embodiment, a welding machine tool is provided, comprising a workbench 0, a flat round tube welding motion assembly 1 connected to the workbench 0, a plate workpiece corner joint fixing assembly 2, a shaft workpiece welding motion assembly 3 and a weld seam tracking motion assembly 4;

[0076] Combination Figure 7 As shown, the flat round tube welding motion assembly 1 includes an electric turntable 1-1 connected to the workbench 0, an electromagnet 1-2 installed on the output end of the electric turntable 1-1, and a workbench 1-3 installed on the electromagnet 1-2. The electric turntable 1-1 can perform rotational motion. In this embodiment, the electric turntable 1-1 uses a pan-tilt brushless motor as a power component, which can make the workpiece rotate at a uniform speed and improve the welding quality; but the electric turntable 1-1 is not limited to the use of a pan-tilt brushless motor, as long as the power component that allows the electromagnet 1-2 to rotate accurately is included.

[0077] In this embodiment, the electromagnet 1-2 is in a circular ring shape, and a mounting hole is opened in the middle of the electromagnet 1-2. The mounting hole of the electromagnet 1-2 is fixed to the output end of the electric turntable 1-1. In one embodiment, the electromagnet 1-2 can be directly fixed to the workbench 1-3. In another embodiment, four circumferentially evenly distributed spacer columns 1-4 are connected between the workbench 1-3 and the electromagnet 1-2. The spacer columns 1-4 can be connected to the workbench 1-3 and the electromagnet 1-2 by means of threaded connection, or by means of interference fit or other methods to achieve connection and fixation.

[0078] Since the temperature of the welding process is high, if the surface of the electromagnet 1-2 is directly used as the tooling plane, the electromagnet 1-2 will be greatly damaged, resulting in a shorter life of the electromagnet 1-2. Adding a spacing column 1-4 between the tooling table 1-3 and the electromagnet 1-2 and fixing them can play a role in heat insulation and increase the life of the electromagnet 1-2.

[0079] Recombination Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the plate-type workpiece corner joint fixing assembly 2 includes a mounting table 2-1 connected to the workbench 0, a mounting cavity is opened on the mounting table 2-1, and the flat round tube welding motion assembly 1 is concentrically arranged in the mounting cavity of the mounting table 2-1, and a quick clamp 2-2 is installed on the top of the mounting table 2-1, and there are two quick clamps 2-2. The two quick clamps 2-2 can clamp the workpiece on the top of the mounting table 2-1; in this embodiment, the top surface of the mounting table 2-1 is flush with the top surface of the tooling table 1-3, so that the tooling table 1-3 and the mounting table 2-1 are at the same height, and the bottom of the mounting table 2-1 and the two sides thereof are fixed to the workbench 0 by screws.

[0080] In another embodiment, the quick clamp 2-2 is detachably connected to the mounting table 2-1, and a plurality of groups of threaded holes are provided on the mounting table 2-1 along its length and width directions. The quick clamp 2-2 is threadedly connected and fixed to one of the groups of threaded holes on the mounting table 2-1. In actual use, the position of the threaded holes can be flexibly selected for fixing according to the width of the workpiece to be fixed.

[0081] The shaft workpiece welding motion assembly 3 includes a pneumatic chuck 3-1, a turntable 3-2 and a drive unit. In this embodiment, two groups of shaft workpiece welding motion assemblies 3 are provided, and the two groups of shaft workpiece welding motion assemblies 3 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the workbench 0.

[0082] The turntable 3-2 is connected to the workbench 0, the pneumatic chuck 3-1 is rotatably matched with the turntable 3-2, the driving unit is used to drive the pneumatic chuck 3-1 to rotate, and in this embodiment, the driving unit includes a shaft workpiece welding driving motor 3-6, an L-shaped fixing frame 3-7 is connected to the workbench 0 by bolts, the shaft workpiece welding driving motor 3-6 is fixed to the fixing frame 3-7, and a small synchronous pulley 3-5 is connected to the output shaft of the shaft workpiece welding driving motor 3-6, and a small synchronous pulley 3-5 is connected to the turntable 3-2. A transmission shaft 3-3 is rotatably connected through a bearing 60, and the transmission shaft 3-3 is vertically arranged with the turntable 3-2. The pneumatic chuck 3-1 is coaxially and fixedly connected with the transmission shaft 3-3. The end of the transmission shaft 3-3 away from the pneumatic chuck 3-1 is connected with a large synchronous pulley 3-4. The large synchronous pulley 3-4 and the small synchronous pulley 3-5 are connected by belt drive. In this way, the power of the shaft workpiece welding drive motor 3-6 will be transmitted to the transmission shaft 3-3 through the pulley and the belt, thereby driving the pneumatic chuck 3-1 to rotate.

[0083] The weld tracking motion component 4 is located at the rear side of the flat tube welding motion component 1 and the shaft workpiece welding motion component 3. The weld tracking motion component 4 includes an X-axis slide 4-1, a Y-axis slide 4-2 and a Z-axis slide 4-3 arranged in sequence along the X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis directions. The X-axis slide 4-1, the Y-axis slide 4-2 and the Z-axis slide 4-3 are all provided with a lead screw, a motor and a slider. The lead screw and the slider form a lead screw substructure. The motor on each slide drives the lead screw to rotate and drives the three sliders to slide along the X-axis slide 4-1, the Y-axis slide 4-2 and the Z-axis slide 4-3 respectively.

[0084] The slider of the Y-axis slide 4-2 is horizontally connected with a connecting plate 4-4, and the connecting plate 4-4 is connected with a welding torch drive motor 4-5 vertically arranged thereon, and the welding torch drive motor 4-5 is a small servo motor, and the output shaft of the welding torch drive motor 4-5 is connected with an adapter 4-6, and the adapter 4-6 is connected with the above-mentioned welding torch 5, and in this embodiment, the adapter 4-6 and the housing 50 of the welding torch 5 are fixedly connected by screws. The welding torch drive motor 4-5 can drive the welding torch 5 to rotate through the adapter 4-6, so as to adjust the angle of the welding torch 5, and the outer end of the conductive rod 55 of the welding torch 5 can be connected to a commercial two-protection welding gun curved pipe, straight pipe and other pipeline systems.

[0085] Combination Fig.12 As shown, a welding machine tool in this embodiment can be used in conjunction with a control system, which includes an industrial computer, a data acquisition card, a motion control card and a motor driver. The electric driver includes an electric turntable 1-1 motor driver, a servo motor driver and an X, Y, and Z slide motor driver, wherein the servo motor driver includes the above-mentioned welding torch drive motor 4-5 and the shaft workpiece welding drive motor 3-6.

[0086] The data acquisition card is used to collect data from the current sensor and the photoelectric switch 59. After the data acquisition card collects the data, it uploads the data to the industrial computer, and the industrial computer then sends a control signal to the motion control card, which controls the electric turntable 1-1 motor driver, servo motor driver, and X, Y, and Z slide motor drivers to perform corresponding actions.

[0087] The multifunctional fully automatic welding machine tool for spatial special-shaped workpieces with rotating arc sensing of the present invention can complete the tasks of automatic welding of two flat plates, two flat plates at the corner, two round tubes, and flat plates and round tube angles. Before welding, it is only necessary to place the workpiece to be welded in the corresponding position and fix it, adjust the angle and position of the welding torch 5, and after the welding machine tool is working, it can automatically start the arc. At the same time, the welding torch 5 with a rotating arc will obtain the spatial deviation information of the weld, and feedback it to the industrial computer through the data acquisition card. After the industrial computer calculates the deviation, it adjusts the welding torch 5 posture in time through the weld tracking motion component 4 to track the weld until the welding task is completed. The machine tool does not require complicated programming and teaching, and users can easily get started; it can meet 4 different welding requirements at the same time, one machine has multiple uses, and reduces the user's use cost; the designed tooling can realize the rapid fixation of the workpiece, and the user can easily disassemble and assemble the workpiece; during welding, the control system can monitor the arc state through the rotating arc sensor, and adjust the position of the welding torch 5 in real time, thereby improving the quality of weld formation.

[0088] The specific implementation process is as follows:

[0089] Combination Figure 8-Figure 11As shown, the welding machine tool of the present invention can be applied to the welding scenes of two flat plates butting, two flat plates corner joint, two round tubes butting, and flat plate and round tube corner joint. Before welding, fix the workpiece to the corresponding workstation, and the welding machine tool can automatically complete the welding task of the two workpieces. The goal of one machine tool meeting 4 different types of welding requirements can be achieved. During welding, the industrial computer can obtain the deviation information of the weld during welding in real time and correct the position of the welding torch 5. The welding task can be automatically completed without the user's additional complex programming and teaching. It greatly reduces the work intensity of the workers, improves work efficiency, and the welding quality is more reliable.

[0090] like Figure 8 As shown, the butt welding of plate-type workpieces in the present invention refers to welding two workpieces that need to be butted together; the weld is not limited to a straight weld, and welds with a certain bending angle can also be welded.

[0091] like Fig. 9 As shown, the fillet weld of the plate-like workpiece in the present invention refers to welding two workpieces that need to be filleted, and the angle between the two workpieces can be 80° to 180°; it can be a fillet weld of two flat-plate workpieces, or a fillet weld of a flat-plate workpiece and a workpiece with a certain bending angle, or two workpieces with bending angles, that is, the weld type is a spatial bending fillet weld.

[0092] 1. The plate workpiece corner joint fixing assembly 2 is mainly used for the butt joint and corner joint of two plate workpieces, and surrounds the flat round tube welding motion assembly 1. The plate workpiece corner joint fixing assembly 2 provides a fixing function for the connection of two plate workpieces, which include flat workpieces and curved workpieces. Before welding, place the corner joint as parallel to the direction of the X-axis slide 4-1 as possible, and the weld side of the corner joint should face the welding torch 5. Then, fix it with two quick clamps 2-2, and adjust the welding torch 5 to a 45° position. After preparation, the welding machine can automatically complete the welding task of the corner joint.

[0093] 2. If Fig.10 As shown, it is a schematic diagram of two round tubes butting together. The shaft workpiece welding motion assembly 3 mainly works when welding shaft workpieces, such as round tube butt joints, round tube and spiral blade corner joints, etc. There are two groups of shaft workpiece welding motion assemblies 3, which are respectively located on both sides of the plate workpiece corner joint fixing assembly 2 and are symmetrically placed about the plate workpiece corner joint fixing assembly 2.

[0094] When welding the butt joints of round tubes, the pneumatic chuck 3-1 in the shaft-type workpiece welding motion assembly 3 will fix the two round tube workpieces and drive the workpieces to rotate. Before welding, the two round tube workpieces are passed through the pneumatic chucks 3-1 of the two sets of shaft-type workpiece welding motion assemblies 3 respectively, so that the butt weld is as close to the middle position of the machine tool as possible. After adjusting the position, the pneumatic chuck 3-1 will clamp the workpieces, and then the welding torch 5 is adjusted to a 45° position.

[0095] During welding, the two shaft workpiece welding drive motors 3-6 rotate synchronously, and the two workpieces are driven to rotate at a constant speed through the pneumatic chuck 3-1. At the same time, the welding torch 5 and the weld seam tracking motion component 4 complete the welding task of the butt joint. Similarly, when welding a round tube and a spiral blade angle joint, the two ends of the round tube are fixed with two pneumatic chucks 3-1 respectively, and then the welding task is completed under the coordinated work of the shaft workpiece welding drive motor 3-6, the weld seam tracking motion component 4, and the welding torch 5 with a rotating arc.

[0096] 3. Such as Fig.11 As shown, it is a schematic diagram of the butt joint of a flat plate and a round tube. The flat plate and round tube welding motion assembly 1 mainly works when welding the flat plate and the round tube corner joint. The assembly is located in the middle of the workbench 0, and behind it is the weld seam tracking motion assembly 4 fixed on the workbench 0. The weld seam tracking motion assembly 4 drives the welding torch 5 to move, so that the welding torch 5 can always be at the weld seam position.

[0097] Before welding the flat plate and the round tube corner joint, place the flat plate workpiece on the surface of the tooling table 1-3, so that the round tube workpiece is placed above the flat plate workpiece, with its axis in a vertical state, and as concentric as possible with the electromagnet 1-2. After that, the welding torch 5 needs to be adjusted to a position of about 45° with the Y-axis slide 4-2, and the welding torch 5 is aligned with the weld by controlling the weld tracking motion component 4. After preparation, power on and the electromagnet 1-2 firmly adsorbs the corner joint.

[0098] During the welding process, the electric turntable 1-1 works and drives the flat round tube angle joint on the workbench 1-3 to rotate at a constant speed; at the same time, the welding torch 5 obtains the welding current signal while performing the welding operation and uploads it to the industrial computer. After the industrial computer calculates the deviation, it corrects the welding gun posture through the weld tracking motion component 4 until the welding task of the entire angle joint is completed.

[0099] In addition, the electromagnet 1-2 also plays a role in fixing the butt joints of flat plate-like workpieces. Before welding, place the two flat workpieces to be butt-welded on top of the workbench 1-3 and try to be parallel to the direction of the X-axis slide 4-1; adjust the welding torch 5 to a position of about 90° with the Y-axis slide 4-2, and move it to the left end of the straight weld; energize the electromagnet 1-2 so that the two workpieces are adsorbed and fixed. Similarly, during welding, the welding torch 5 will cooperate with the weld tracking motion component 4 to complete the weld tracking and welding work.

[0100] The specific working principle of the welding torch 5 with rotating arc sensor in the present invention is:

[0101] The hollow shaft motor, encoder 58, photoelectric switch 59 inside the welding torch 5 and the external current sensor together constitute a rotating arc sensor. Usually, when welding two workpieces, the parts to be welded of the two workpieces need to be chamfered to form a groove. After the welding machine is working, the hollow shaft drives the encoder 58 and the welding wire to rotate. After the welding wire rotates, since the welding wire rotates in the groove and the welding wire passes through the eccentric welding wire hole 571, the movement of the welding wire has a rotation radius, and the distance from the welding wire to the workpiece will change, thereby causing a change in the current. After data processing, the spatial deviation information of the weld can be obtained.

[0102] There is a notch 581 on the outside of the code disk 58. When the notch 581 of the code disk 58 rotates to the photoelectric switch 59, infrared light passes through, generating a level flip signal, which is used as a trigger signal for the current sensor to collect current. After that, the current sensor collects the welding current of this circle, that is, a current signal of a cycle, and so on, continuously collecting current information. After the industrial computer obtains the current signal, it will calculate the deviation between the welding torch 5 and the weld, and then track the weld through the weld tracking motion component 4 to adjust the position of the welding torch 5.

[0103] It should be noted that the above description of the disclosed embodiments enables professionals and technicians in the field to implement or use the present application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to professionals and technicians in the field, and the general principles defined herein can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the scope of the present application. Therefore, the present application will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but should conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

[0104] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are only used to distinguish the description and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0105] In the description of this document, terms such as "up", "down", "left", "right", "front", "back", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "middle", "vertical", "horizontal", "lateral", and "longitudinal" indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only used to illustrate the relative positional relationships between the various components or components, and do not particularly limit the specific installation orientations of the various components or components.

[0106] In the description of this document, some terms may be used to express other meanings in addition to indicating orientation or positional relationship. For example, the term "on" may also be used to express a certain dependency or connection relationship in some cases. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of these terms in this application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0107] In the description of this document, the terms "installed", "set", "provided with", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral structure; it can be a mechanical connection, or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be an internal connection between two devices, elements, or components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0108] The structures, proportions, sizes, etc. drawn in the drawings in this application are only used to match the contents disclosed in this technical briefing book for technical personnel in this field to understand and read, and are not used to limit the restrictive conditions for the implementation of this application. Therefore, they have no substantive technical significance. Any structural modification, change in proportional relationship or adjustment of size should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed in this application without affecting the effects and purposes that can be achieved by this application.

[0109] The terms used in this document are those common terms currently widely used in the art in consideration of the functions of the present disclosure, but these terms may vary according to the intention of a person of ordinary skill in the art, precedents, or new technologies in the art. In addition, specific terms may be selected by the applicant, and in this case, their detailed meanings will be described in the detailed description of the present disclosure. Therefore, the terms used in the document should not be understood as simple names, but rather as an overall description based on the meaning of the terms and the present disclosure.

[0110] Flowcharts or text are used in this document to illustrate the operating steps performed according to the embodiments of the present application. It should be understood that the operating steps in the embodiments of the present application are not necessarily accurately performed in the order of recording. On the contrary, various steps can be processed in reverse order or simultaneously as needed. At the same time, other operations can also be added to these processes, or a certain step or several steps can be removed from these processes.

[0111] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A welding torch, comprising a hollow shaft motor and a conductive rod, wherein the hollow shaft motor comprises a housing, a rear cover, a stator, a rotor and a hollow shaft, wherein the hollow shaft is rotatably connected to the housing, and the rear cover is connected to one end of the housing, wherein: The conductive rod is located in the hollow shaft, and the conductive rod is fixedly connected to the rear cover of the hollow shaft motor, one end of the conductive rod is connected to a conductive nozzle, and a wire feeding channel is provided on the conductive nozzle, and a protective cover is coaxially connected to the hollow shaft, one end of the protective cover is an open end, and the other end of the protective cover is a closed end, and the open end of the protective cover is fixedly connected to the hollow shaft; The conductive nozzle is located in the protective cover, and an air vent and a welding wire hole are provided at one end of the protective cover away from the hollow shaft; the welding wire hole is an eccentric hole, and the welding wire hole and the wire feeding channel of the conductive nozzle are staggered; an air hole is provided at the lower part of the conductive rod, and the air hole is communicated with the hollow shaft; a detection unit for detecting the rotation speed and position information of the hollow shaft is provided on the outer shell of the hollow shaft motor; the detection unit is a photoelectric switch, and the photoelectric switch is installed on the outer shell, and a code disk is coaxially connected to the hollow shaft, a notch is provided on one side of the code disk, and the photoelectric switch is inserted on one side of the code disk, and a current sensor is provided on the outside of the welding torch, and the current sensor can measure the current of the welding cable during welding.

2. A welding torch according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ventilation holes are provided in plurality, and the plurality of ventilation holes are evenly distributed in the circumference, and the welding wire hole is located inside the plurality of ventilation holes.

3. A welding torch according to claim 1, characterized in that: The current sensor is a Hall sensor, and the current sensor is sleeved on the welding cable.

4. A welding torch according to claim 1, characterized in that: A flange is coaxially connected to the upper part of the conductive rod, a groove is provided on the top of the rear cover, and the flange is located in and connected to the groove.

5. A welding torch according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shell comprises an upper shell and a lower shell, the rear cover, the upper shell and the lower shell are coaxially and detachably connected in sequence, and sealing rings are arranged between the rear cover and the upper shell and between the upper shell and the lower shell.

6. A welding machine tool, characterized in that: It includes a workbench, a flat round tube welding motion component connected to the workbench, a plate workpiece angle joint fixing component, an axis workpiece welding motion component and a weld seam tracking motion component; The flat round tube welding motion assembly comprises an electric turntable connected to the workbench, an electromagnet installed on the output end of the electric turntable, and a tooling table installed on the electromagnet, wherein the electric turntable can perform rotational motion; The plate workpiece corner joint fixing assembly comprises a mounting platform connected to a workbench, a mounting cavity is provided on the mounting platform, the flat round tube welding motion assembly is concentrically arranged in the mounting cavity of the mounting platform, and a quick clamp is installed on the top of the mounting platform; The shaft workpiece welding motion assembly comprises a pneumatic chuck, a turntable and a drive unit, the turntable is connected to the workbench, the pneumatic chuck is rotationally matched with the turntable, and the drive unit is used to drive the pneumatic chuck to rotate; The weld tracking motion assembly comprises an X-axis slide, a Y-axis slide and a Z-axis slide arranged in sequence along the X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis directions, and the X-axis slide, the Y-axis slide and the Z-axis slide are all provided with a lead screw, a motor and a slider, the lead screw and the slider form a lead screw pair structure, and the motor drives the lead screw to rotate and drives the three sliders to slide along the X-axis slide, the Y-axis slide and the Z-axis slide respectively; A connecting plate is horizontally connected to the slider of the Y-axis slide, a welding torch drive motor vertically arranged thereon is connected to the connecting plate, an adapter is connected to the output shaft of the welding torch drive motor, and a welding torch as described in any one of claims 1-5 is connected to the adapter.

7. A welding machine tool according to claim 6, characterized in that: A spacer column is connected between the tooling platform and the electromagnet.

8. A welding machine tool according to claim 6, characterized in that: The top surface of the mounting platform is flush with the top surface of the tooling platform.

9. A welding machine tool according to claim 6, characterized in that: The quick clamp is detachably connected to the mounting platform. The mounting platform is provided with a plurality of threaded holes along its length and width directions. The quick clamp is threadedly connected to one of the threaded holes on the mounting platform.

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