Bone anchor

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of medical equipment, in particular to a bone anchor which comprises an anchor body, an expansion piece, a driving screw, a driving head and an anchor wing, the expansion piece is connected with the anchor body, the driving screw is in threaded connection with the anchor body, the driving head is rotatably connected with the driving screw, the anchor wing is slidably connected with the anchor body, and the driving screw is rotated to drive the anchor wing to rotate. The driving screw is driven to move in the anchor body, then the driving head is driven to descend, the multiple expansion pieces are driven to be opened in the descending process of the driving head, and then the expansion pieces are tightly connected with the inner wall of the pre-drilled hole in an abutting mode; in the descending process of the driving head, the multiple anchor wings are further driven to move, so that the multiple anchor wings stretch out of the anchor body and pierce into bone tissue, the upper end of the anchor body is anchored, the pullout resistance of the anchor body is improved, and the situation that the anchor body loosens and falls off in the pre-drilled hole is prevented.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of medical equipment, and in particular to a bone anchor. Background Art

[0002] In orthopedic trauma diseases such as avulsion fractures, tendon and ligament ruptures, muscles, tendons, bones and other parts are damaged and need to be repositioned, fixed and connected through repair surgery. During the repair surgery, the damaged parts need to be repositioned, fixed and connected by suturing bone anchors, which are generally fixed in the bone with screws. Traditional bone anchors are prone to loosening and falling off, affecting the surgical effect.

[0003] Prior art CN116585018A discloses a reinforced medical screw expansion sleeve, which includes a connecting part and a plurality of expansion pieces uniformly arranged below the connecting part, the expansion pieces are inclined toward the axis of the screw expansion sleeve from top to bottom, the thickness of the expansion pieces gradually increases from top to bottom, and a plurality of semi-cones are arranged on the outside of the expansion pieces, the tips of the semi-cones face outwards, and the upper surfaces are planes; the size of the semi-cones gradually increases from top to bottom, so that the vertical distances from the vertices of all the semi-cones to the axis of the screw expansion sleeve are equal, and the connecting line of the vertices of the upper half vertebrae of each expansion piece is tangent to the outer surface of the connecting part of the screw expansion sleeve. After the reinforced medical screw expansion sleeve of the present invention is anchored into the bone tissue, the expansion piece is stretched open by a tightening screw, the expansion piece expands outward to a greater extent, and the semi-cones form a hook structure, providing a larger anchoring surface, thereby increasing the anchoring strength and preventing the expansion bone screw from loosening.

[0004] The above device increases the anchoring area and the anchoring strength by expanding the expansion plate with the expansion screw. However, during the screwing process of the expansion screw, the bottom of the expansion plate expands to increase the anchoring effect, but the volume of the upper part of the expansion plate remains unchanged, which results in limited anti-pullout force and cannot effectively prevent the expansion bone screw from falling off and loosening. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a bone anchor, which solves the problem that an existing reinforced medical screw expansion sleeve increases the anchoring effect by expanding the bottom of the expansion piece, but the volume of the upper part of the expansion piece remains unchanged, which leads to limited anti-pullout force and cannot effectively prevent the expansion bone screw from falling off and loosening.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention provides a bone anchor, comprising an anchor body, an expansion sheet, a drive screw, a drive head and an anchor wing, wherein the expansion sheet is connected to the anchor body and is located on one side of the anchor body, the drive screw is threadedly connected to the anchor body and is located inside the anchor body, the drive head is rotatably connected to the drive screw and is located at one end of the drive screw, and the anchor wing is slidably connected to the anchor body, abuts against the drive head, and passes through the anchor body.

[0007] Wherein, the expansion piece includes an anchoring piece and a wedge-shaped piece, wherein the anchoring piece is connected to the anchor body and is arranged on the anchor body; the wedge-shaped piece is fixedly connected to the anchoring piece and is located on the inner side of the anchoring piece.

[0008] Wherein, the anchoring sheet has an anchoring protrusion, and the anchoring protrusion is arranged on the anchoring sheet and located outside the anchoring sheet.

[0009] Among them, the driving head includes a connecting column, a first driving seat and a second driving seat, the first driving seat is fixedly connected to the driving screw and is located at one end of the driving screw; the connecting column is rotatably connected to the first driving seat and is located on a side of the first driving seat away from the driving screw; the second driving seat is fixedly connected to the connecting column and is located on a side of the connecting column away from the first driving seat.

[0010] Wherein, the anchor wing has a positioning groove, which is arranged on the anchor wing and located on one side of the anchor wing; the anchor body has a positioning protrusion, which is arranged on one side of the anchor body close to the positioning groove, and the positioning protrusion cooperates with the positioning groove.

[0011] Wherein, the bone anchor further comprises a threading lug, the threading lug is fixedly connected to the anchor body and is located on one side of the anchor body.

[0012] The anchor body further comprises a first slot, which is arranged on the anchor body and located at the top of the anchor body; the drive screw has a second slot, which is arranged on the drive screw and located at the top of the drive screw.

[0013] The bone anchor of the present invention, when in use, the doctor first pre-drills a pre-drilled hole matching the anchor body on the bone tissue, and then screws the anchor body into the pre-drilled hole. At this time, the driving screw is rotated again, and the driving screw is moved in the anchor body through the threaded connection between the driving screw and the anchor body, thereby driving the driving head to descend. During the descent of the driving head, the plurality of expansion sheets are driven to open, thereby making the expansion sheets tightly abut against the inner wall of the pre-drilled hole, thereby improving the anchoring effect of the anchor body; during the descent of the driving head, the plurality of anchor wings are also driven to move, so that the plurality of anchor wings extend out of the anchor body and penetrate into the bone tissue, thereby anchoring the upper end of the anchor body, thereby improving the pull-out resistance of the anchor body and preventing the anchor body from loosening or falling off in the pre-drilled hole. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art are briefly introduced below.

[0015] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the bone anchor according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the drive head according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the first driving seat of the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of the second limiting groove of the second embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the threading hook according to the third embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 6 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a positioning protrusion according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] In the figure: 101-anchor body, 102-expansion sheet, 103-drive screw, 104-drive head, 105-anchor wing, 106-expansion groove, 107-anchor sheet, 108-wedge sheet, 109-anchor protrusion, 110-connecting column, 111-first drive seat, 112-second drive seat, 113-pre-drilled hole, 114-bone tissue, 201-limiting ring plate, 202-first limiting groove, 203-second limiting groove, 301-threading ear, 302-first card slot, 303-second card slot, 304-positioning slot, 305-positioning protrusion. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to be used to explain the present invention, but should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0023] First embodiment:

[0024] See also Figures 1 to 3 ,in Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the bone anchor. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the drive head. Figure 3 The schematic diagram of the installation structure of the first drive seat is.

[0025] The present invention provides a bone anchor, comprising an anchor body 101, an expansion sheet 102, a drive screw 103, a drive head 104 and an anchor wing 105, wherein the expansion sheet 102 comprises an anchor sheet 107 and a wedge sheet 108, wherein the anchor sheet 107 has an anchoring protrusion 109, the drive head 104 comprises a connecting column 110, a first drive seat 111 and a second drive seat 112, the anchor wing 105 has a positioning groove 304, and the anchor body 101 has a positioning protrusion 305. By rotating the drive screw 103, the drive head 104 is driven to descend inside the anchor body 101, so that the drive head 104 is spread open to open a plurality of The expansion sheet 102 further improves the anchoring effect between the lower part of the anchor body 101 and the pre-drilled hole 113. During the descent of the driving head 104, the plurality of anchor wings 105 are also driven to extend, so that the anchor wings 105 penetrate into the bone tissue 114, thereby improving the anchoring effect between the upper part of the anchor body 101 and the pre-drilled hole 113. It can be understood that the aforementioned scheme can be used to improve the anchoring effect between the anchor body 101 and the pre-drilled hole 113, and can also be used to limit the anchor wings 105 to prevent the anchor wings 105 from affecting the anchor body 101 when it is screwed into the pre-drilled hole 113.

[0026] According to the present specific embodiment, the expansion sheet 102 is connected to the anchor body 101 and is located on one side of the anchor body 101. The drive screw 103 is threadedly connected to the anchor body 101 and is located inside the anchor body 101. The drive head 104 is rotatably connected to the drive screw 103 and is located at one end of the drive screw 103. The anchor wing 105 is slidably connected to the anchor body 101 and abuts against the drive head 104 and penetrates the anchor body 101. The nail body 101; the expansion sheet 102 is provided with a plurality of expansion slots 106 between two adjacent expansion sheets 102; the expansion sheet 102 is made of a metal material for surgical implants or PEEK (polyetheretherketone); the anchor wings 105 are provided with a plurality of anchor wings 105 and are distributed in a circular array on the anchor body 101; the anchor body 101 is provided with an internal thread and an external thread; the drive screw 103 is provided with an external thread; when in use, the doctor first pre-drills a hole on the bone tissue 114 The anchor body 101 is screwed into the pre-drilled hole 113, and the driving screw 103 is rotated to move the driving screw 103 in the anchor body 101 through the threaded connection between the driving screw 103 and the anchor body 101, thereby driving the driving head 104 to descend. During the descent of the driving head 104, the expansion sheets 102 are driven to open, thereby causing the expansion sheets 102 to align with the anchor body 101. The inner wall of the pre-drilled hole 113 is tightly abutted to enhance the anchoring effect of the anchor body 101; during the descent of the driving head 104, the plurality of anchor wings 105 are also driven to move, so that the plurality of anchor wings 105 extend out of the anchor body 101 and penetrate into the bone tissue 114, thereby anchoring the upper end of the anchor body 101, thereby enhancing the anti-pullout force of the anchor body 101 and preventing the anchor body 101 from loosening or falling off in the pre-drilled hole 113.

[0027] Among them, the anchoring sheet 107 is connected to the anchor body 101 and is arranged on the anchor body 101; the wedge-shaped sheet 108 is fixedly connected to the anchoring sheet 107 and is located on the inner side of the anchoring sheet 107; the wedge-shaped sheet 108 is an inverted triangle, with a thicker lower end and a thinner top end, so that when the driving head 104 is lowered in the anchor body 101, the wedge-shaped sheet 108 and the anchoring sheet 107 can be gradually spread apart, thereby achieving a close fit between the expansion sheet 102 and the inner wall of the pre-drilled hole 113, thereby enhancing the stability and anchoring force of the anchor body 101 in the bone tissue 114.

[0028] Secondly, the anchoring protrusion 109 is arranged on the anchoring plate 107 and is located on the outside of the anchoring plate 107; the anchoring protrusion 109 is protrudingly arranged on the outer surface of the anchoring plate 107, and the anchoring protrusion 109 increases the anchoring effect between the anchoring plate 107 and the bone tissue 114, thereby preventing the anchor body 101 from sliding or falling out when subjected to force.

[0029] At the same time, the first driving seat 111 is fixedly connected to the driving screw 103 and is located at one end of the driving screw 103; the connecting column 110 is rotatably connected to the first driving seat 111 and is located at a side of the first driving seat 111 away from the driving screw 103; the second driving seat 112 is fixedly connected to the connecting column 110 and is located at a side of the connecting column 110 away from the first driving seat 111; the first driving seat 111 and the second driving seat 112 are both provided with inclined surfaces, and the function of the inclined surface at the end of the second driving seat 112 is to make When the second driving seat 112 expands the expansion sheet 102, there is line contact rather than point contact between the second driving seat 112 and the expansion sheet 102, thereby increasing the contact area between the second driving seat 112 and the anchor sheet 107 and ensuring the stability of the anchor sheet 107 after being expanded; the inclined surface on the first driving seat 111 is used to drive the anchor wing 105 to move. When the inclined surface on the first driving seat 111 abuts against the anchor wing 105, the first driving seat 111 moves downward, which will drive the anchor wing 105 to extend obliquely, thereby piercing the bone tissue 114.

[0030] Second embodiment:

[0031] Based on the first embodiment, please refer to Figure 4 , Figure 4 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second limiting groove of the second embodiment. The driving head 104 of this embodiment further includes a limiting ring plate 201 . The limiting ring plate 201 has a first limiting groove 202 . The anchor wing 105 has a second limiting groove 203 .

[0032] According to this specific embodiment, the limiting ring plate 201 is fixedly connected to the second drive seat 112 and is located on a side of the second drive seat 112 close to the connecting column 110; the limiting ring plate 201 has a first limiting groove 202, and the first limiting groove 202 is located on a side of the limiting ring plate 201 close to the anchor wing 105, and the first limiting groove 202 cooperates with the anchor wing 105; the number of the first limiting grooves 202 cooperates with the anchor wing 105, and each of the anchor wings 105 is embedded in the corresponding first limiting groove 202, and through the rotational connection between the connecting column 110 and the first drive seat 111, when the driving screw 103 and the first drive seat 111 rotate, it will not drive the connecting column 110, the second drive seat 112 and the limiting ring plate 201 to rotate, thereby avoiding interference between the anchor wing 105 and the limiting ring plate 201.

[0033] The second limiting groove 203 is provided on the anchor wing 105 and is located on a side of the anchor wing 105 close to the limiting ring plate 201 . The second limiting groove 203 cooperates with the limiting ring plate 201 ; the limiting ring plate 201 is embedded in the second limiting groove 203 .

[0034] When using the bone anchor of the present embodiment, firstly, a pre-drilled hole 113 is drilled on the bone tissue 114, and then the anchor body 101 is screwed into the pre-drilled hole 113. In the process of screwing the anchor body 101 into the pre-drilled hole 113, since the limiting ring plate 201 is stuck in the second limiting groove 203, the anchor wing 105 is limited at this time, so that the anchor wing 105 cannot extend out of the anchor body 101, so as to avoid the extension of the anchor wing 105 and interfere with the screwing of the anchor body 101 into the pre-drilled hole 113; after the anchor body 101 is screwed into the pre-drilled hole 113, the driving screw 103 is rotated again to make the driving screw 103 descend inside the anchor body 101, thereby driving the first driving seat 111, the connecting column 110, the second driving seat 112 and the limiting ring plate 201 to descend, and the second driving seat 112 descends When the second drive seat 112 is lowered, the plurality of expansion sheets 102 are driven to open, thereby improving the anchoring effect between the bottom of the anchor body 101 and the pre-drilled hole 113. When the second drive seat 112 descends, the limiting ring plate 201 is also driven to descend, so that the limiting ring plate 201 is disengaged from the second limiting groove 203 on the anchor wing 105. At this time, the anchor wing 105 loses its limit and abuts against the first drive seat 111. At this time, the driving screw 103 is continued to be rotated, so that the first driving seat 111 and the second driving seat 112 continue to descend, so that the first driving seat 111 drives the anchor wing 105 to extend out of the anchor body 101 and penetrate into the bone tissue 114, and the second driving seat 112 drives the plurality of expansion sheets 102 to open and abut against the inner wall of the pre-drilled hole 113, thereby achieving the purpose of anchoring both the upper and lower parts of the anchor body 101 and improving the anchoring effect.

[0035] Third embodiment:

[0036] Based on the second embodiment, please refer to Figure 5 and Figure 6 , Figure 5 1 is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the threading lug of the second embodiment. Figure 6 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the positioning protrusion of the second embodiment. The bone anchor of this embodiment further includes a threading ear 301 , the anchor body 101 further includes a first slot 302 , and the drive screw 103 includes a second slot 303 .

[0037] According to this specific embodiment, the threading ear 301 is fixedly connected to the anchor body 101 and is located on one side of the anchor body 101; two threading ears 301 are provided, and are respectively located on the left and right sides of the anchor body 101, and threading holes are provided on the threading ears 301. The suture can be connected to the anchor body 101 by passing the suture through the threading holes on the threading ear 301, so as to facilitate the subsequent reconnection of soft tissue (such as tendons, ligaments, etc.) and bones through sutures.

[0038] Among them, the first slot 302 is arranged on the anchor body 101 and is located at the top of the anchor body 101; the second slot 303 is arranged on the driving screw 103 and is located at the top of the driving screw 103; the first slot 302 and the second slot 303 are hexagonal, which makes it convenient for doctors to rotate the anchor body 101 and the driving screw 103 by electric tools.

[0039] Finally, the anchor wing 105 has a positioning groove 304, and the positioning groove 304 is arranged on the anchor wing 105 and is located on one side of the anchor wing 105; the anchor body 101 has a positioning protrusion 305, and the positioning protrusion 305 is arranged on the side of the anchor body 101 close to the positioning groove 304, and the positioning protrusion 305 cooperates with the positioning groove 304; the positioning protrusion 305 is arranged inside the positioning groove 304, and the anchor wing 105 can slide on the positioning protrusion 305 through the positioning groove 304, and the positioning protrusion 305 can also limit the anchor wing 105 to prevent the anchor wing 105 from being separated from the anchor body 101.

[0040] What is disclosed above is only one or more preferred embodiments of the present application, and cannot be used to limit the scope of rights of the present application. Ordinary technicians in this field can understand that all or part of the processes of implementing the above embodiments and equivalent changes made according to the claims of the present application are still within the scope covered by the present application.

Claims

1. A bone anchor, characterized in that: The anchor comprises an anchor body, an expansion sheet, a drive screw, a drive head and an anchor wing, wherein the expansion sheet is connected to the anchor body and is located at one side of the anchor body, the drive screw is threadedly connected to the anchor body and is located inside the anchor body, the drive head is rotationally connected to the drive screw and is located at one end of the drive screw, and the anchor wing is slidably connected to the anchor body, abuts against the drive head, and passes through the anchor body.

2. The bone anchor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The expansion piece includes an anchoring piece and a wedge-shaped piece. The anchoring piece is connected to the anchor body and arranged on the anchor body; the wedge-shaped piece is fixedly connected to the anchoring piece and is located at the inner side of the anchoring piece.

3. The bone anchor according to claim 2, characterized in that: The anchoring sheet has an anchoring protrusion, and the anchoring protrusion is arranged on the anchoring sheet and located outside the anchoring sheet.

4. The bone anchor according to claim 3, characterized in that: The driving head includes a connecting column, a first driving seat and a second driving seat, the first driving seat is fixedly connected to the driving screw and is located at one end of the driving screw; the connecting column is rotatably connected to the first driving seat and is located on a side of the first driving seat away from the driving screw; the second driving seat is fixedly connected to the connecting column and is located on a side of the connecting column away from the first driving seat.

5. The bone anchor according to claim 4, characterized in that: The anchor wing has a positioning groove, which is arranged on the anchor wing and located on one side of the anchor wing; the anchor body has a positioning protrusion, which is arranged on one side of the anchor body close to the positioning groove, and the positioning protrusion cooperates with the positioning groove.

6. The bone anchor according to claim 5, characterized in that: The bone anchor also includes a threading ear, which is fixedly connected to the anchor body and is located on one side of the anchor body.

7. The bone anchor according to claim 6, characterized in that: The anchor body also has a first slot, which is arranged on the anchor body and located at the top of the anchor body; the drive screw has a second slot, which is arranged on the drive screw and located at the top of the drive screw.

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