Method for updating and transforming kernel apricot low-yield forest

Abstract

The invention discloses a kernel apricot low-yield forest renewal and transformation method, which belongs to the field of agricultural planting methods and comprises stumping renewal, rejuvenation renewal and variety renewal. Stumping and renewal are suitable for a gentle slope forest land with better site conditions, an aged mountain apricot forest with the forest age exceeding 30 years, or a mountain apricot forest which enters a full bearing period, has a broken forest phase due to external factors, can be quickly renewed after stumping and does not cause ecological consequences such as water and soil loss; rejuvenation and renewal are suitable for kernel apricot forests with the forest age of 10-30 years, too large stand density or too many boughs and closed tree bodies, and generally, intermediate cutting is needed firstly, and then pruning is needed; the variety renewal is a renewal process of carrying out top grafting optimization and cultivation variety improvement on a mountain apricot forest or other kernel apricot varieties which are neat in forest ratio, robust in growth, poor in fruiting capacity and low in yield, and the method is suitable for the mountain apricot forest or other kernel apricot varieties which are good in site condition, have the forest age of 10-30 years and are in the full bearing period. The method is used for solving the problem of low yield of kernel apricot forests.

Description

[0001] Methodology Area

[0002] The invention belongs to the field of agricultural planting methods, and in particular relates to a method for renewing and transforming a low-yield apricot forest.

[0003] Background Methods

[0004] Kernel apricot is a commonly used Chinese medicinal material with high medicinal value and many functions. It has the effects of expectoration and cough relief, asthma and lung moistening, digestion and detoxification. It is one of my country's special products, with great demand in the domestic and foreign markets and has always been in short supply. Kernel apricot also has high economic value. Almond oil can be used as a high-quality raw material for functional food health plant oil, high-end cosmetics, high-end coatings and lubricants. Almonds can be used to extract edible plant protein and medical amygdalin. Apricot shells are high-quality activated carbon raw materials, and seed coats can be used to extract melanin. It has become an excellent local economic tree species for sand fixation, soil conservation, water conservation and ecological environment improvement in northern my country. It is also a new type of biodiesel tree species with great development potential.

[0005] With the adjustment of agricultural production structure and the implementation of the policy of returning farmland to forest, the development of kernel apricot production has been accelerated. Large-scale kernel apricot production bases have been established in various parts of my country. However, a large part of them are over-mature or severely damaged by humans and livestock, resulting in incomplete forest appearance and extremely low efficiency. Therefore, in order to better play the economic and ecological benefits of kernel apricot forests, the renewal and transformation of aging or damaged low-yield forests is urgent. Summary of the invention

[0006] The invention provides a method for renewing and transforming a low-yield apricot forest, which is used to solve the problem of low yield of existing apricot forests.

[0007] In view of this, the present invention provides a method for renewing and transforming a low-yield apricot forest, which performs pruning renewal, rejuvenation renewal or variety renewal according to the growth years and growth conditions of the low-yield apricot forest;

[0008] The stubble regeneration refers to the regeneration method of cutting down the plants that do not meet the cultivation target close to the ground and above the root neck according to the characteristics of the apricot tree that has a strong ability to reproduce by sprouting and sucking, and using the sprouted branches to re-cultivate new fruiting plants. It is suitable for aging apricot forests with a forest age of more than 30 years on gently sloping forest land with good site conditions, or apricot forests that have entered the peak fruit-bearing period and have caused the forest appearance to be damaged due to external factors. After stubble regeneration, rapid regeneration into forests can be achieved without causing ecological consequences such as soil erosion;

[0009] The rejuvenation is also called pruning and renewal, which refers to the management process of thinning the apricot trees in the prime period of fruiting, which have disordered tree shapes, comfortable decline, and reduced fruiting ability due to unrestrained growth, and then retracting or thinning the main branches several times to reshape the tree shape, restore the tree vigor and fruiting ability. It is suitable for apricot forests with a forest age of 10-30 years, which usually need to be thinned first and then pruned due to excessive stand density or too many large branches and closed tree bodies;

[0010] The variety renewal refers to the process of improving the cultivated varieties by grafting and replacing the wild apricot forests or other kernel apricot varieties that have relatively neat forest appearance and strong growth but poor fruit-bearing ability and low yield. It is suitable for wild apricot forests or other kernel apricot varieties with good site conditions, 10-30 years of forest age, and in the peak fruit-bearing period.

[0011] Furthermore, subsequent cultivation and management techniques shall be implemented in accordance with LY / T1558-2017 4.1-4.2.3.4, harvesting and processing shall be implemented in accordance with Chapter 5 of LY / T1558-2017, and pest and disease control shall be implemented in accordance with LY / T1558-2017 4.4.

[0012] Optionally, the stubble update includes updating objects, stubble time and stubble method;

[0013] The regeneration object is an aged apricot forest with a forest age of more than 30 years on a gently sloping forest land with good site conditions, or an apricot forest that has entered the peak fruit-bearing period and has been damaged due to external factors, and can be quickly regenerated into a forest after pruning without causing ecological consequences such as soil erosion;

[0014] The stubble-cutting time is from December to February of the following year, during the dormant period, and stubble-cutting is prohibited in the non-growing season;

[0015] The stubble renewal method includes comprehensive stubble renewal or rotation stubble renewal, and after stubble renewal, the sprouting and fixed plants are removed.

[0016] Optionally, the comprehensive stubble is to cut down all the apricot trees in the working forest land close to the ground, and cover the felled roots with soil after the soil thaws and before budding, with a thickness of 5 cm;

[0017] The rotation stubbing is to stub the kernel apricot trees that need to be stubbed from top to bottom along the contour line, and the kernel apricot forest retains a certain width, namely the reserved belt, and stubs a certain width, namely the stubbed belt. After the wild apricot forest in the stubbed belt enters the fruiting period, the wild apricot forest in the reserved belt is stubbed and renewed, and the width of the reserved belt is consistent with that of the stubbed belt, which specifically includes wide-band stubbing and narrow-band stubbing;

[0018] The method of removing sprouts and fixing trees is to remove sprouts and fix trees when the height of new shoots is greater than 35 cm, and the number of trees to be retained is determined based on the initial planting density of the forest stand and the conditions of soil water and fertilizer. When the initial planting density is greater than 100 plants / mu, 1-2 healthy sprouts are retained for each plant after root cutting. When the initial planting density is less than 100 plants / mu, 2-3 sprouts are retained.

[0019] Furthermore, wide band stubble is carried out from top to bottom along the contour line with a planting density of >100 plants / mu and a planting slope of ≤10°. The stubble width is 40-50m, and the width of the retention band is the same as that of the stubble band.

[0020] Narrow strip stubble refers to forest land with a planting density of less than 100 plants per mu, a planting slope of 10-15°, and a stubble width of 10-20m.

[0021] Optionally, the rejuvenation includes renewal objects, thinning, tree shape modification and modification procedures.

[0022] Optionally, the regeneration object is an apricot forest with a forest age of 10 to 30 years, which is in the peak fruit-bearing period and has a reduced fruit yield due to excessive forest density or poor management;

[0023] The thinning includes determining the retained trees and auxiliary fruit-bearing trees, one-time thinning and periodic thinning;

[0024] The trees to be retained and auxiliary fruit-bearing trees are those determined before thinning, and shrubs and miscellaneous trees in the forest should be removed during the non-growing season;

[0025] The one-time thinning refers to the one-time thinning of all non-reserved trees except for the permanently reserved trees and the temporarily reserved auxiliary fruit-bearing trees;

[0026] The staggered felling described above is based on the principle that auxiliary fruit-bearing trees give way to permanent trees in the growth space. During the first thinning, appropriate auxiliary fruit-bearing trees are retained, and measures such as head removal and main branch retraction are taken for the auxiliary fruit-bearing trees to compress the tree crowns year by year. For permanent trees, the tree crowns should be expanded year by year, and a stable tree skeleton structure and fruiting branch groups should be cultivated. After the tree structure of the permanent trees is adjusted, the auxiliary fruit-bearing trees can be felled.

[0027] Optionally, the tree shape transformation is carried out gradually year by year and completed in 2-5 years; according to the characteristics of the tree trunk structure, tree shapes such as sparse layered shape, natural round head shape or natural open heart shape are selected and cultivated.

[0028] Optionally, the transformation procedure includes dropping the crown, lifting the trunk, and rejuvenating and thinning the branches;

[0029] The crown reduction is to reduce the layers of tall apricot trees with too many layers of trunk branches;

[0030] The trunk raising is to gradually thin out the main branches whose locations are lower than the requirements according to the tree shape requirements, thin out 1-2 branches each year, and increase the height of the trunk;

[0031] The rejuvenation and branch pruning includes crown clearing and branch pruning, trunk branch renewal, branch group renewal and wound treatment.

[0032] Furthermore, crown clearing and branch thinning is to remove the ineffective branches such as overcrowded branches, diseased and insect-infested branches, long branches without space, crossed branches, dead branches and drooping branches in the crown from the base, and remove large branches and upright branches that are severely overlapped between layers; remove large branches below 80-100cm from the ground on the trunk and main branches that affect production operations, various sprouting branches and branches on the backbone branches within 40cm from the branching point (thinning of large branches, thinning of large branch groups, thinning of medium and small branch groups).

[0033] The main branch renewal is mainly based on pruning, supplemented by scissoring. For the strong branches on the outer and upper layers of the crown, the main branches are re-pruned first and then the side branches in the master-slave relationship of the original tree. The pruning of the main branches should adhere to the principle of "keeping thick branches long and thin branches short". Generally, 1 / 2-2 / 3 of the branch length can be retained. For perennial weak branches, they can be pruned back to the base of 3-4 year old branches at one time.

[0034] When treating wounds, large cuts and saw cuts should be flattened and coated with protective agent.

[0035] Optionally, the variety renewal includes renewal objects, forest land and rootstock tree processing, variety selection and grafting.

[0036] Optionally, the renewal object is a variety renewal of a kernel apricot forest or a kernel apricot forest with a slope of 15-25°, 45-55 plants per mu, neat forest appearance, strong growth, but poor fruiting ability and low yield;

[0037] The forest land and rootstock treatment should be carried out in accordance with the provisions of thinning and thinning between rejuvenation and regeneration, and then grafting should be carried out;

[0038] The variety selection is to select excellent kernel apricot varieties, and the pollination trees are prepared according to the ratio of cultivated varieties to pollination varieties of 1:4-5;

[0039] The grafting includes a grafting method and post-grafting management.

[0040] Optionally, the grafting method is to select a suitable position of the main branch and perform high grafting by cleft grafting or belly grafting when the sap is flowing in spring;

[0041] The post-grafting management is to remove the new branches sprouting below the grafting point at any time after grafting, select 3-5 branches as main branches or side branches for cultivation according to the needs of shaping, and remove the rest. When the length of the new shoots of the cultivation result branch group is ≥20cm, the first pinching is performed, and when the length of the new shoots is ≥50cm, the second pinching is performed, and the binding materials are removed in time according to the healing condition of the grafting point.

[0042] It can be seen from the above method scheme that the embodiment of the present invention has the following advantages:

[0043] This application renews and transforms the apricot forest through variety renewal, stubble renewal and rejuvenation renewal, which can increase the yield of the apricot forest and solve the problem of low yield in the apricot forest. First, through variety renewal, the quality of kernel apricots or kernel apricot forest can be enhanced, the ability to resist diseases and pests can be improved, and it can be more adapted to the local environment, thereby improving economic benefits; stubble renewal can effectively promote the recovery of growth potential of aging or damaged apricot forests, and rejuvenation renewal can improve the ecological structure of apricot forests, promote biodiversity, enhance the stability and resilience of the ecosystem, and can also improve the quality of apricot forests and reduce losses caused by diseases and pests, thereby increasing yields and solving the problem of low yields in apricot forests. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] In order to make the personnel in the field of the present method better understand the scheme of the present invention, the method scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiment is only a part of the embodiment of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in the field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, various raw materials, reagents, instruments and equipment used in the present invention can be purchased from the market or can be prepared by existing methods.

[0045] Example

[0046] Example 1

[0047] The method for renewing and transforming low-yield apricot forest includes the following steps:

[0048] Select the old apricot forest with a forest age of more than 30 years on the gently sloping forest land with good site conditions, or the apricot forest that has entered the peak fruit-bearing period and has been damaged due to external factors. After pruning, it can be quickly regenerated into a forest without causing ecological consequences such as soil erosion. The pruning will be carried out in January 2022. The pruning method can be comprehensive pruning or rotation pruning. After pruning, remove the sprouts and set the plants.

[0049] Among them, full stubble means felling all the apricot trees close to the ground in the forest land, and covering the felled roots with soil with a thickness of 5cm after the soil thaws and before budding.

[0050] Rotational pruning is to prune the kernel apricot trees from top to bottom along the contour line, retain a certain width of the kernel apricot forest, prune a certain width, and wait for the wild apricot forest in the pruning zone to enter the fruiting period, then prune the wild apricot forest in the reserved zone, and the width of the reserved zone is kept consistent with that of the pruning zone, which includes wide-band pruning and narrow-band pruning;

[0051] Wide-band stubble refers to forest land with a planting density of more than 100 plants / mu and a planting slope of ≤10°. It is carried out from top to bottom along the contour line, with a stubble width of 45m, and the width of the retention belt is the same as that of the stubble belt;

[0052] Narrow strip stubble refers to forest land with a planting density of less than 100 plants / mu and a planting slope of 10-15°, and a stubble width of 15m;

[0053] The sprout removal and settling is to remove the sprouts and settling when the height of the new shoots is greater than 35 cm, and the number of trees to be retained by the sprouts is determined according to the initial planting density of the forest stand and the soil water and fertilizer conditions. When the initial planting density is greater than 100 plants / mu, two healthy sprouts are retained for each plant, and when the initial planting density is less than 100 plants / mu, three sprouts are retained;

[0054] Subsequent cultivation and management techniques shall be implemented in accordance with LY / T1558-2017 4.1-4.2.3.4, harvesting and processing shall be implemented in accordance with Chapter 5 of LY / T1558-2017, and pest and disease control shall be implemented in accordance with LY / T1558-2017 4.4.

[0055] Example 2

[0056] The method for renewing and transforming low-yield apricot forest includes the following steps:

[0057] Select the apricot forests that are about 20 years old and in the peak fruit-bearing period, and whose fruit yield has decreased due to excessive stand density or poor management, for rejuvenation, including thinning, tree shape modification and transformation procedures;

[0058] Among them, thinning includes:

[0059] Determine the trees to be retained and auxiliary fruit-bearing trees: Determine the trees to be retained and auxiliary fruit-bearing trees before thinning. At the same time, shrubs and miscellaneous trees in the forest should be removed during the non-growing season. Thinning can be done in one go or in stages.

[0060] Among them, one-time thinning means that except for the permanently reserved trees and the temporarily reserved auxiliary fruit-bearing trees, all other non-reserved trees are cut down at one time;

[0061] The staggered felling described above is based on the principle that auxiliary fruit-bearing trees give way to permanent trees in the growth space. During the first thinning, appropriate auxiliary fruit-bearing trees are retained, and measures such as head removal and main branch retraction are taken for the auxiliary fruit-bearing trees to compress the tree crowns year by year. For permanent trees, the tree crowns should be expanded year by year, and a stable tree skeleton structure and fruiting branch groups should be cultivated. After the tree structure of the permanent trees is adjusted, the auxiliary fruit-bearing trees can be felled.

[0062] Tree shape modification: The modification is carried out gradually year by year and completed in 4 years. According to the characteristics of the tree trunk structure, tree shapes such as sparse layered shape, natural round head shape or natural open heart shape are selected and cultivated;

[0063] Transformation procedures: including dropping the crown, lifting the trunk, and rejuvenating and thinning the branches;

[0064] Among them, crown dropping is to reduce the layers of tall apricot trees with too many layers of trunk branches;

[0065] To raise the trunk, we should gradually remove the main branches whose growth position is lower than the requirement according to the tree shape requirements, and remove one branch every year to increase the height of the trunk.

[0066] Rejuvenation and branch thinning: including crown clearing and branch thinning, trunk branch renewal, branch group renewal and wound treatment;

[0067] Among them, crown clearing and branch thinning is to remove the ineffective branches such as overcrowded branches, diseased and insect-infested branches, long branches without space, crossed branches, dead branches and drooping branches in the crown from the base, and remove large branches and upright branches that are seriously overlapping between layers; remove large branches below 90 cm from the ground on the trunk and main branches that affect production operations, various sprouting branches and branches on the backbone branches within 40 cm from the branching point (thinning of large branches, thinning of large branch groups, thinning of medium and small branch groups).

[0068] The main branch renewal is mainly based on pruning, supplemented by scissoring. For the strong branches on the outer and upper layers of the crown, the main branches are re-pruned first and then the side branches in the order of the master-slave relationship of the original tree's main branches. The pruning of the main branches should adhere to the principle of "keeping thick branches long and thin branches short". Generally, 2 / 3 of the branch length can be retained. For perennial weak branches, they can be pruned back to the base of the 3-year-old branches at one time;

[0069] For wound treatment, large cuts and saw cuts should be flattened and coated with protective agents;

[0070] Subsequent cultivation and management techniques shall be implemented in accordance with LY / T1558-2017 4.1-4.2.3.4, harvesting and processing shall be implemented in accordance with Chapter 5 of LY / T1558-2017, and pest and disease control shall be implemented in accordance with LY / T1558-2017 4.4.

[0071] Example 3

[0072] The method for renewing and transforming low-yield apricot forest includes the following steps:

[0073] Carry out variety renewal for mountain apricot forests or other kernel apricot varieties with a slope of about 20°, about 50 trees per mu, neat forest appearance, strong growth, but poor fruiting ability and low yield; including forest land and rootstock treatment, variety selection, and grafting;

[0074] Wherein, the forest land and rootstock trees should be thinned and grafted according to the method in Example 2;

[0075] Variety selection: Select high-quality kernel apricot varieties, and prepare pollination trees at a ratio of 1:4.5 between cultivated varieties and pollination varieties;

[0076] Grafting includes grafting methods and post-grafting management;

[0077] The grafting method is to select a suitable part of the main branch and use cleft grafting or belly grafting to graft high when the sap is flowing in spring.

[0078] After grafting, remove new branches sprouting below the grafting point at any time, select 5 branches as main branches or side branches for cultivation according to the needs of shaping, and remove the rest. When the length of the new shoots of the cultivated fruiting branch group is ≥20cm, pinch them for the first time, and when the length of the new shoots is ≥50cm, pinch them for the second time. According to the healing condition of the grafting point, remove the binding materials in time;

[0079] Subsequent cultivation and management techniques shall be implemented in accordance with LY / T1558-2017 4.1-4.2.3.4, harvesting and processing shall be implemented in accordance with Chapter 5 of LY / T1558-2017, and pest and disease control shall be implemented in accordance with LY / T1558-2017 4.4.

[0080] Comparative Example

[0081] Comparative Example 1

[0082] The method for renewing and transforming a low-yield apricot forest is different from that of Example 1 in that the low-yield apricot forest is not subjected to full pruning or rotation pruning.

[0083] Comparative Example 2

[0084] The method for renewing and transforming a low-yield apricot forest is different from that of Example 2 in that no transformation procedure is adopted for the low-yield apricot forest.

[0085] Comparative Example 3

[0086] The method for renewing and transforming a low-yield apricot forest is different from that of Example 3 in that the ratio of cultivated varieties to pollinated varieties in the low-yield apricot forest is 3:1.

[0087] Comparative Example 4

[0088] The method for renewing and transforming a low-yield apricot forest is different from that of Example 1 in that the low-yield apricot forest adopts the renewal method in CN103947500A.

[0089] Performance test

[0090] The following performance tests were performed on the low-yield almond forests in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-3:

[0091] Single-plant yield: The yield of apricot trees was measured in mid-July 2023 and mid-July 2025 respectively, and the actual apricot harvest weight was used as the basis. The test results are shown in Table 1.

[0092] The blank control was the apricot forest that had not been regenerated by pruning, rejuvenation or variety renewal.

[0093] Table 1 Test results (kg / plant)

[0094] project July 2023 July 2025 Blank control 10.5 15.9 Example 1 35.7 48.3 Example 2 36.4 49.1 Example 3 35.5 48.2 Comparative Example 1 18.4 22.7 Comparative Example 2 19.7 23.9 Comparative Example 3 18.8 23.1 Comparative Example 4 13.6 20.7

[0095] As can be seen from Table 1, the renewal and transformation method of low-yield apricot forests of the present application significantly increased the yield of apricots through pruning renewal, variety renewal and rejuvenation renewal of the apricot forests, solving the problem of low yield of low-yield apricot forests.

[0096] It can be seen from the combination of Examples 1-3 and the blank control that the method for renewing and transforming a low-yield forest of kernel apricots of the present application significantly increases the yield of kernel apricots.

[0097] Combining Examples 1-3 and Comparative Example 4, it can be seen that the single-plant yield of kernel apricots in Examples 1-3 is significantly better than that in Comparative Example 4, indicating that the method for renewing and transforming low-yield kernel apricot forests of the present application significantly increases the yield of kernel apricots.

[0098] Combining Example 1 and Comparative Example 1, it can be seen that the yield of kernel apricots in July 2023 in Example 1 is 35.7 kg / plant, and the yield of kernel apricots in July 2025 is 48.3 kg / plant, which is better than Comparative Example 1, indicating that rotation pruning is more appropriate for kernel apricot orchards and can further increase the yield of kernel apricots.

[0099] Combining Example 2 and Comparative Example 2, it can be seen that the yield of kernel apricots in July 2023 in Example 2 is 36.4 kg / plant, and the yield of kernel apricots in July 2025 is 49.1 kg / plant, which is better than Comparative Example 2, indicating that it is more appropriate to adopt the transformation procedure for the kernel apricot forest, which further increases the yield of kernel apricots.

[0100] Combining Example 3 and Comparative Example 3, it can be seen that the yield of kernel apricots in July 2023 in Example 3 is 35.5 kg / plant, and the yield of kernel apricots in July 2025 is 48.2 kg / plant, which is better than Comparative Example 3, indicating that the ratio of cultivated varieties to pollinated varieties in the renewal of kernel apricot forest varieties is 1:4.5, which is more appropriate and can significantly increase the yield of kernel apricots.

[0101] As described above, the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the method scheme of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, ordinary method personnel in the field should understand that they can still modify the method schemes recorded in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the method features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding method scheme deviate from the spirit and scope of the method schemes of the various embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for renewing and transforming a low-yield apricot forest, characterized in that: According to the growth years and growth conditions of the low-yield apricot forest, carry out pruning renewal, rejuvenation renewal or variety renewal; The stub renewal refers to a renewal method in which the plants that do not meet the cultivation goals are cut close to the ground above the root neck, and new fruiting plants are cultivated using sprouted branches; It is suitable for aging apricot forests with a forest age of more than 30 years on gently sloping forest land with good site conditions, or forests that have entered the peak fruit-bearing period and have been damaged due to external factors. The rejuvenation refers to the management process of reshaping the tree shape, restoring the tree vigor and fruiting ability of apricot trees in their prime period that have too high a stand density, have been left unchecked and have caused a disordered tree shape, a decline in comfort and a decline in fruiting ability, through reasonable thinning, followed by multiple retraction or thinning of the main branches, and is suitable for apricot forests with a forest age of 10-30 years that have too high a stand density or too many large branches and a closed tree body; The variety renewal refers to the process of renewing the cultivated varieties by grafting and replacing the wild apricot forests or other apricot varieties with relatively neat forest appearance and strong growth, but poor fruiting ability and low yield; It is suitable for mountain apricot forests or other kernel apricot varieties with good site conditions, a forest age of 10-30 years, and in the peak fruit-bearing period.

2. The method for renewing and transforming a low-yield almond forest according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stubble renewal period is from December to February of the following year. During the dormant period, stubble renewal is prohibited in the non-growing season. The stubble-renewal method includes comprehensive stubble-renewal or rotational stubble-renewal; after stubble-renewal, the sprouts and fixed plants are removed.

3. The method for renewing and transforming a low-yield almond forest according to claim 2, characterized in that: The comprehensive pruning means that all the apricot trees in the forest are cut down close to the ground, and the roots are covered with soil after the soil thaws and before the buds sprout, with a thickness of 5 cm. The rotation stubbing is to stub the kernel apricot trees that need to be stubbed from top to bottom along the contour line, and the kernel apricot forest retains a certain width, namely the reserved belt, and stubs a certain width, namely the stubbed belt. After the wild apricot forest in the stubbed belt enters the fruiting period, the wild apricot forest in the reserved belt is stubbed and renewed, and the width of the reserved belt is consistent with that of the stubbed belt, which specifically includes wide-band stubbing and narrow-band stubbing; The method of removing sprouts and fixing trees is to remove sprouts and fix trees when the height of new shoots is greater than 35 cm, and the number of trees to be retained is determined based on the initial planting density of the forest stand and the conditions of soil water and fertilizer. When the initial planting density is greater than 100 plants / mu, 1-2 healthy sprouts are retained for each plant after root cutting. When the initial planting density is less than 100 plants / mu, 2-3 sprouts are retained.

4. The method for renewing and transforming a low-yield apricot forest according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rejuvenation and renewal includes thinning, tree shape modification and transformation procedures.

5. The method for renewing and transforming a low-yield almond forest according to claim 4, characterized in that: The thinning includes determining the retained trees and auxiliary fruit-bearing trees, one-time thinning and periodic thinning; The trees to be retained and auxiliary fruit-bearing trees are those determined before thinning, and shrubs and miscellaneous trees in the forest should be removed during the non-growing season; The one-time thinning refers to the one-time thinning of all non-reserved trees except for the permanently reserved trees and the temporarily reserved auxiliary fruit-bearing trees; The interim thinning is based on the principle that auxiliary fruit trees give way to permanent trees in the growth space. During the first thinning, appropriate auxiliary fruit trees are retained, and measures such as head removal and trunk branch retraction are taken for auxiliary fruit trees to compress the tree crown year by year. For permanent trees, the crown should be expanded year by year, and a stable tree skeleton structure and fruiting branch groups should be cultivated. After the tree structure adjustment of the permanent trees is completed, the auxiliary fruiting trees can be cut down.

6. The method for renewing and transforming a low-yield almond forest according to claim 4, characterized in that: The tree shape transformation is carried out gradually year by year and completed in 2-5 years; according to the characteristics of the tree trunk structure, tree shapes such as sparse layered shape, natural round head shape or natural open heart shape are selected and cultivated.

7. The method for renewing and transforming a low-yield almond forest according to claim 4, characterized in that: The transformation procedures include head removal, crown lowering, trunk lifting, and rejuvenation and branch thinning; The crown reduction is to reduce the layers of tall apricot trees with too many trunk branches; The trunk raising is to gradually thin out the main branches whose growth position is lower than the requirement according to the tree shape requirements, thin out 1-2 branches each year, and increase the height of the main trunk; The rejuvenation and branch pruning includes crown clearing and branch pruning, trunk branch renewal, branch group renewal and wound treatment.

8. The method for renewing and transforming a low-yield almond forest according to claim 1, characterized in that: The variety renewal includes renewal objects, forest land and rootstock tree processing, variety selection and grafting.

9. The method for renewing and transforming a low-yield almond forest according to claim 8, characterized in that: The renewal object is to renew the variety of the apricot forest or apricot forest with a slope of 15-25°, 45-55 trees per mu, neat forest appearance, strong growth, but poor fruiting ability and low yield; The forest land and rootstock treatment should be carried out in accordance with the provisions of thinning and thinning between rejuvenation and regeneration, and then grafting should be carried out; The variety selection is to select excellent kernel apricot varieties, and the pollination trees are prepared according to the ratio of cultivated varieties to pollination varieties of 1:4-5; The grafting includes a grafting method and post-grafting management.

10. The method for renewing and transforming a low-yield almond forest according to claim 9, characterized in that: The grafting method is generally to select a suitable position of the main branch when the sap flows in spring, and to perform high grafting by cleft grafting or belly grafting; The post-grafting management is to remove the new branches sprouting below the grafting point at any time after grafting, select 3-5 branches as main branches or side branches for cultivation according to the needs of shaping, and remove the rest. When the length of the new shoots of the cultivation result branch group is ≥20cm, the first pinching is performed, and when the length of the new shoots is ≥50cm, the second pinching is performed, and the binding materials are removed in time according to the healing condition of the grafting point.