Artificial breeding method and breeding device for callosobruchus maculatus larvae

Abstract

The invention discloses an artificial breeding method and device for callosobruchus maculatus larvae. The method specifically comprises the steps that embryo powder of bean seeds is sieved through a 50-70-mesh sieve and then mixed with purified water according to the proportion of 1 g: 0.4-0.6 mL to form a cluster, a plurality of feeding troughs are inserted into the surface of feed after the surface of the feed is shaped, one callosobruchus maculatus larva is picked into each feeding trough, and the callosobruchus maculatus larva is cultured in a suitable environment till eclosion of the callosobruchus maculatus larva; the device comprises a feeding vessel, a pressing plate used for feed shaping and punchers used for inserting a plurality of feeding troughs. According to the method, artificial feeding from the callosobruchus maculatus larva stage to the adult stage is achieved, the survival rate is high, the method is suitable for large-scale breeding, and the device can be used for simply and rapidly preparing callosobruchus maculatus larva feed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of insect breeding technology and invasion biology, and particularly relates to a method and a device for artificially breeding larvae of four-striped bean weevil. Background Art

[0002] Callosobruchus maculatus (Fabricius) is an insect of the genus Callosobruchus, family Bruchidae, order Coleoptera. Insects of the genus Callosobruchus, including the four-striped bean weevil, are quarantine pests. The four-striped bean weevil is the most widely distributed and most serious pest in the genus Callosobruchus. As a seed storage pest of bean crops, it mainly eats bean seeds in the form of latent larvae, causing a decrease in the germination rate of bean seeds and quality loss. In addition, due to its strong reproductive capacity, it can bore all the seeds within a few months, and has great potential for damage.

[0003] Since the larvae of the four-striped bean weevil have the habit of hiding in bean seeds, and the research methods of the four-striped bean weevil's biology are relatively insufficient, it is difficult for the larvae to continue to feed after being peeled off from the bean seeds, and it is difficult to complete the development of generations. The traditional method of raising the larvae of the four-striped bean weevil uses beans and must be raised from eggs to adults. The breeding efficiency is low and it is not conducive to the study of the larvae of the four-striped bean weevil and its subsequent development stages. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides an artificial breeding method and a breeding device for four-striped bean weevil larvae. The artificial breeding method provided by the present invention enables the four-striped bean weevil larvae that have been peeled off from bean seeds to continue to develop into the adult stage, realizes the artificial feed cultivation of the four-striped bean weevil larvae, and has low breeding costs and high breeding efficiency for the four-striped bean weevil larvae, thus realizing the large-scale breeding of the four-striped bean weevil larvae.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0006] 1. A method for artificially rearing larvae of the four-striped bean weevil

[0007] The artificial breeding method comprises the following steps:

[0008] 1) Mixing seed embryo powder of bean seeds with water to obtain pellet feed, placing the pellet feed in a feeding dish, shaping the pellet feed into a cake shape, inserting a plurality of holes on the surface of the cake feed to form a plurality of feeding troughs, and the feeding troughs are used to accommodate the larvae of the four-striped bean weevil;

[0009] In the step 1), the embryo powder of the peeled bean seeds is passed through a 50-70 mesh sieve and then mixed with water.

[0010] In the step 1), the mass volume ratio of the embryo powder to water is 1 g: 0.4-0.6 mL.

[0011] The step 1) specifically comprises: mixing the embryo powder of peeled bean seeds with water and kneading them into a ball to obtain a ball-shaped feed, then placing the ball-shaped feed in a feeding dish, pressing the ball-shaped feed with a pressing plate to shape the ball-shaped feed into a cake shape, and after standing at room temperature for 1 to 2 hours, using a hole puncher to evenly insert a plurality of holes on the surface of the cake-shaped feed to form a plurality of feeding troughs.

[0012] In the step 1), the inner diameter of the feeding trough is 2-3 mm, the depth of the feeding trough is 1.5-2 mm, and the four-striped bean weevil larvae are collected on the 12th to 14th day after laying eggs.

[0013] In the step 1), the ratio of the number of the feeding troughs to the area of ​​the feed surface is 30 to 40: 39 to 41 cm 2 .

[0014] 2) picking the pre-collected four-striped bean weevil larvae into the feeding tank;

[0015] 3) placing the breeding dish containing the four-striped bean weevil larvae in a suitable environment and culturing the four-striped bean weevil larvae until the four-striped bean weevil larvae emerge;

[0016] In the step 3), the suitable environment is specifically: temperature is 28-32°C, humidity is 60-65%RH;

[0017] In the step 3), after 6 to 8 days of cultivation, the larvae of the four-striped bean weevil begin to emerge.

[0018] 2. A device for rearing four-striped bean weevil larvae

[0019] The feeding device comprises a feeding dish, a pressing plate and a puncher; the pressing plate is used to shape the feed, so that the lump-shaped feed placed in the feeding dish is pressed into a cake shape and the surface of the cake-shaped feed is flat; the puncher is used to insert a plurality of feeding troughs;

[0020] The pressing plate is evenly provided with a plurality of through holes, and the bottom surface of the puncher is evenly provided with a plurality of punching columns, the number and arrangement positions of the punching columns are the same as the through holes on the pressing plate, and the arrangement positions are aligned one by one in the vertical direction; when the puncher is subjected to a pressing force from top to bottom, the bottom ends of the respective punching columns pass through their respective corresponding through holes and are inserted into the cake-shaped feed under the pressing plate.

[0021] The ratio of the number of through holes / perforated columns to the area of ​​the feed surface is 30-40:39-41 cm 2 .

[0022] The feeding dish is made of transparent plastic material.

[0023] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0024] 1. The method of the present invention uses the larval stage of the four-striped bean weevil as the starting point of breeding, and as a supplement to the four-striped bean weevil breeding method, makes the four-striped bean weevil breeding method more flexible, solves the technical problem that it is difficult for the four-striped bean weevil larvae to continue to feed and complete generational development after being peeled off from bean seeds, and enables the four-striped bean weevil larvae peeled off from bean seeds to continue to feed and normally complete generational development.

[0025] 2. The method of the present invention has low raw material cost and breeding cost, high breeding efficiency and survival rate of the four-striped bean weevil larvae, and realizes the large-scale breeding of the four-striped bean weevil larvae.

[0026] 3. The device of the present invention simulates the natural morphology and living habits of the four-striped bean weevil larvae, ensuring that the breeding process conforms to the natural growth state. The device of the present invention reduces the dependence on professional knowledge and experience through the design of quick punching, making the artificial breeding method easier to popularize and operate.

[0027] 4. The device of the present invention evenly opens feeding troughs of the same size on the surface of the feed, so that the growth environment of all four-striped bean weevil larvae remains uniform, thereby providing an effective way to study the biological characteristics and changes in physiological and biochemical characteristics of the four-striped bean weevil larvae and their subsequent developmental stages. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the breeding device in the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a photograph of the beginning of raising the larvae of the four-striped bean weevil in the artificial breeding method of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a photograph of the four-striped bean weevil that has partially begun to emerge into an adult after being raised using the artificial breeding method of the present invention.

[0031] Among them, 1. feeding dish, 2. pressing plate, 3. hole puncher. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0033] The first aspect of the present invention provides an artificial breeding method for the larvae of the four-striped bean weevil based on the living characteristics of the larvae of the four-striped bean weevil in bean seeds. The artificial breeding method of the present invention simulates the shape of bean embryos by shaping the feed, makes grooves in the feed to simulate the insect tunnels formed by the larvae feeding in the bean seeds, controls the humidity of the feed to enhance the larvae's adaptation to the feed, and realizes the continued cultivation of the larvae of the four-striped bean weevil from development to the adult stage.

[0034] The specific steps of the artificial breeding method of the present invention are as follows:

[0035] 1) Mixing the embryo powder of peeled bean seeds with water to obtain a pellet feed, placing the pellet feed in a feeding dish 1, shaping the pellet feed into a cake shape, inserting a plurality of unconnected holes on the upper surface of the obtained cake feed that can accommodate four-striped bean weevil larvae, each hole as a feeding trough, and obtaining a plurality of feeding troughs.

[0036] Preferably, the embryo powder of peeled bean seeds is passed through a 50-70 mesh sieve and mixed with water. The purpose of sieving is to ensure that the texture of the feed is relatively uniform. In a specific implementation, the mesh size of the sieve can be selected as 50 mesh, 60 mesh or 70 mesh, preferably 70 mesh. The feed prepared using the embryo powder that can pass through a 70-mesh sieve has a relatively most suitable water retention rate for insect development, so that the feed can always maintain the shaped shape during the entire cultivation process, without cracking or deformation, and can maintain a humidity similar to that of the bean embryo environment, thereby best ensuring the adaptability of the larvae to the feed.

[0037] Preferably, the mass volume ratio of the embryo powder to water is 1g: 0.4-0.6mL. At this preferred mass volume ratio, the obtained feed is not only easier to shape and does not stick to the larvae, but also has the highest similarity to the bean embryo environment after drying, which is most conducive to the larvae to adapt to and eat the feed. In a specific implementation, the mass volume ratio of the embryo powder to water is most preferably 1g: 0.5mL.

[0038] Preferably, each feeding trough has the same inner diameter and depth, and does not completely penetrate the cake-shaped feed, so as to ensure that a certain distance is maintained between the bottom of the feeding trough and the bottom of the feeding dish 1.

[0039] Preferably, the inner diameter of each feeding trough is 2-3 mm, and the depth of the feeding trough is 1.5-2 mm. The method of the present invention simulates the morphology of bean embryos, and grooves are made in the feed to simulate the insect tunnels formed by larvae feeding in bean seeds.

[0040] Preferably, the ratio of the number of feeding troughs to the area of ​​the feed surface is 30-40:39-41 cm 2 , preferably 30 to 40 pieces: 40cm 2, in order to increase the larval stocking density as much as possible, improve feed utilization and reduce feeding costs while ensuring that the larvae have sufficient nutrition to complete generation development.

[0041] Preferably, the legume seeds include, but are not limited to, one or a combination of cowpea, adzuki bean, mung bean and chickpea, preferably cowpea.

[0042] As an optional specific embodiment of the present invention, step 1) is specifically as follows: prepare an appropriate amount of clean bean crop seeds in advance, peel them after soaking for 1 hour, and put them in a 65°C oven to dry the moisture; grind the dried bean seed embryos with a grinder to powder, pass the peeled bean seed embryo powder through a 70-mesh sieve and mix it with water, and fully knead it into a ball until the feed becomes a dough without obvious powder, thereby obtaining a ball feed; then place the ball feed in a feeding dish 1, place a pressing plate 2 above the ball feed, press the pressing plate 2 downward to squeeze the feed, so that the feed is fully fitted with the dish wall and the surface is flat; then place the pressing plate 2 containing the pressing plate 2 The feeding dish 1 containing the cake-like feed is placed in an open environment or a ventilated environment for 1 to 2 hours. At this time, the surface of the feed can be gently pressed with a finger without feeling of stickiness. The puncher 3 is placed on the pressing plate 2, and the position of the puncher 3 is adjusted so that the number and arrangement position of the punching columns on the bottom surface of the puncher 3 are the same as those of the through holes on the pressing plate 2 and the arrangement positions are aligned one by one in the vertical direction. The puncher 3 is then pressed downward so that each punching column passes through its corresponding through hole and is inserted into the cake-like feed below the pressing plate 2, and then a number of holes that do not completely penetrate the cake-like feed are evenly inserted on the upper surface of the cake-like feed to obtain a number of feeding troughs.

[0043] 2) Pick one larva of the four-striped bean weevil into each feeding trough and place the pre-collected four-striped bean weevil larvae into the feeding trough.

[0044] Preferably, the larvae of the four-striped bean weevil are collected on the 12th to 14th day after laying eggs.

[0045] 3) placing the rearing dish 1 containing the four-striped bean weevil larvae in a suitable environment and culturing the four-striped bean weevil larvae until they emerge as adults.

[0046] Normally, the larvae of the four-striped bean weevil begin to emerge after 6 to 8 days of cultivation.

[0047] Preferably, the suitable environment refers to an incubator, and the parameters of the incubator are set as follows: total darkness, temperature of 30±2°C, humidity of 60-65%RH, and open culture. During the feeding process, there is no need to add additional moisture to the surface of the feed to maintain humidity. When the larvae are fed with bean seeds in a natural state, the environment is very dry. The method of the present invention can be used to culture artificial feed in an open environment to approach the natural feeding state.

[0048] The second aspect of the present invention provides a feeding device for four-striped bean weevil larvae used in the above-mentioned artificial feeding method. This feeding device realizes the rapid shaping of feed and the convenient production of feeding troughs through the cooperation between the through holes on the pressing plate 2 and the punching columns on the punch 3. In addition, the through holes on the pressing plate 2 and the punching columns of the punch 3 are carefully designed in terms of shape, size, and distribution density to simulate the natural form and living habits of the four-striped bean weevil larvae, ensuring the biological simulation of the feeding process. This design reduces the dependence on professional knowledge and experience, making the artificial feeding method easier to popularize and operate.

[0049] like Figure 1 As shown, the feeding device includes a feeding dish 1, a pressing plate 2 and a puncher 3; the feeding dish 1 is used as a container for culturing four-striped bean weevil larvae; the pressing plate 2 is used to press the ball-shaped feed placed in the feeding dish 1 into a cake shape and make the surface of the cake-shaped feed flat; the puncher 3 is used to insert a plurality of holes on the surface of the cake-shaped feed to form a plurality of feeding grooves. The outer diameter of the pressing plate 2 is set corresponding to the inner diameter of the feeding dish 1, so that the pressing plate 2 can be placed inside the feeding dish 1.

[0050] A plurality of through holes are evenly formed on the pressing plate 2, and a plurality of punching posts are evenly arranged on the bottom surface of the puncher 3. The punching posts are the same in number and arrangement position as the through holes on the pressing plate 2, and the arrangement positions are aligned one by one in the vertical direction. Each punching post is matched with the corresponding through hole gap, so that the punching post can penetrate into the corresponding through hole and reciprocate up and down in the through hole.

[0051] When the puncher 3 is subjected to a pressing force from top to bottom, the bottom ends of the punching columns pass through their corresponding through holes and are inserted into the upper surface of the cake-shaped feed below the pressing plate 2 .

[0052] The perforated column is columnar, and the difference between the axial length of the perforated column and the thickness of the pressing plate 2 corresponds to the depth setting of the feeding trough, preferably 1.5 to 2 mm.

[0053] Preferably, the feeding dish 1 is made of transparent plastic material.

[0054] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments:

[0055] Example 1

[0056] In this embodiment, cowpea seeds are used as the main feed ingredient to prepare feed and raise four-striped bean weevil larvae to adult form. The specific steps are as follows:

[0057] (1) Prepare 100 g of cowpea seeds purchased from the market and place them on a plate. Add an appropriate amount of purified water to slightly cover the surface of the cowpea seeds. Soak for 1 hour, peel them, and place them in a 65°C oven to dry out the moisture.

[0058] (2) Use a household grinder to grind the dried bean seed embryos into powder, pass through a 70-mesh sieve, and sieve out larger bean powder particles to ensure that the feed texture is relatively uniform;

[0059] (3) taking 2.5 g of cowpea embryo powder that has passed through a 70-mesh sieve, adding 1.25 mL of purified water to the cowpea embryo powder in a ratio of 1 g of cowpea embryo powder to 0.5 mL of purified water, stirring evenly, and kneading thoroughly until the feed is initially formed into a dough with no obvious powder on the surface;

[0060] (4) Place the pelleted feed in the feeding dish 1 and squeeze the feed with the pressing plate 2 to make it fit the dish wall fully and have a smooth surface;

[0061] In this embodiment, the culture dish 1 is a circular culture dish with an inner diameter (inner diameter) of 3.5 cm and a height of 2 cm, and the thickness of the cake-shaped feed is about 2 to 3 mm;

[0062] (5) Place the feeding dish 1, the feed and the pressing plate 2 together in a room or in a ventilated environment and leave them for 1 to 2 hours. At this time, gently press the surface of the feed with your fingers without feeling any stickiness.

[0063] (6) Using a puncher 3 to vertically press the surface of the feed to create a feeding trough that can accommodate the larvae of the four-striped bean weevil; removing the pressing plate 2 and the puncher 3 from the feeding dish 1;

[0064] In this embodiment, the number of feeding troughs is 36 and 37 respectively;

[0065] (7) about 30 12-14 day old four-striped bean weevil larvae after laying eggs are selected into the feeding tanks, with one four-striped bean weevil larvae selected into each feeding tank, and the feeding dishes 1 containing the four-striped bean weevil larvae are placed together in an environment with a temperature of about 30° C. and a humidity of 65% RH in a dark and open environment for cultivation;

[0066] The photos of the artificial breeding method of the present invention starting to raise the four-striped bean weevil larvae are as follows Figure 2 As shown;

[0067] (8) After about 7 days, the larvae of the four-striped bean weevil began to emerge. The photos of the four-striped bean weevil reared using the artificial breeding method of the present invention and some of them began to emerge as adults are shown in the figure below. Figure 3 shown.

[0068] (9) Count the number of newly emerged adults each day until no new adults emerge for three consecutive days, and calculate the survival rate.

[0069] In this embodiment, the method of the present invention was used to raise the larvae of the four-striped bean weevil until they emerged, and the survival rate reached 90% (63 / 70). Under natural conditions, the emergence rate of the four-striped bean weevil raised with cowpea seeds was about 85-95%.

[0070] In summary, the method of the present invention is not only applicable to the artificial cultivation of the larvae of the four-striped bean weevil, but also supports its large-scale breeding. In addition, the method of the present invention also provides an effective way to study the biological characteristics and physiological and biochemical characteristics of the larvae of the four-striped bean weevil and its subsequent developmental stages.

[0071] The application of the present invention is not limited to the embodiments. Any person skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the scope defined by the claims.

Claims

1. A method for artificially rearing larvae of the four-striped bean weevil, characterized in that: The artificial breeding method comprises the following steps: 1) Mixing seed embryo powder of bean seeds with water to obtain pellet feed, placing the pellet feed in a feeding dish, shaping the pellet feed into a cake shape, and inserting a plurality of holes on the surface of the cake feed to form a plurality of feeding troughs; 2) picking the pre-collected four-striped bean weevil larvae into the feeding tank; 3) placing the breeding dish containing the four-striped bean weevil larvae in a suitable environment and culturing the dish until the four-striped bean weevil larvae emerge.

2. The method for artificially raising larvae of the four-striped bean weevil according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step 1), the embryo powder of the peeled bean seeds is passed through a 50-70 mesh sieve and then mixed with water.

3. The method for artificially rearing the larvae of the four-striped bean weevil according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step 1), the mass volume ratio of the embryo powder to water is 1 g: 0.4-0.6 mL.

4. The method for artificially rearing the larvae of the four-striped bean weevil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step 1) specifically comprises: mixing the embryo powder of peeled bean seeds with water and kneading them into a ball to obtain a ball-shaped feed, then placing the ball-shaped feed in a feeding dish, pressing the ball-shaped feed with a pressing plate to shape the ball-shaped feed into a cake shape, and after standing at room temperature for 1 to 2 hours, using a hole puncher to evenly insert a plurality of holes on the surface of the cake-shaped feed to form a plurality of feeding troughs.

5. The method for artificially raising larvae of the four-striped bean weevil according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step 1), the inner diameter of the feeding trough is 2-3 mm, the depth of the feeding trough is 1.5-2 mm, and the four-striped bean weevil larvae are collected on the 12th to 14th day after laying eggs.

6. The method for artificially rearing the larvae of the four-striped bean weevil according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step 1), the ratio of the number of the feeding troughs to the area of ​​the feed surface is 30 to 40: 39 to 41 cm 2 .

7. The method for artificially rearing the larvae of the four-striped bean weevil according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step 3), the suitable environment is specifically: temperature is 28-32° C., humidity is 60-65% RH; in the step 3), after 6-8 days of cultivation, the four-striped bean weevil larvae begin to emerge.

8. A device for rearing larvae of the four-striped bean weevil for implementing the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The feeding device comprises a feeding dish (1), a pressing plate (2) and a puncher (3); the pressing plate (2) is used to shape the feed; the puncher (3) is used to insert a plurality of feeding troughs; the pressing plate (2) is provided with a plurality of through holes, and the bottom surface of the puncher (3) is provided with a plurality of punching columns, the number and arrangement positions of the punching columns and the through holes are the same and aligned; when the puncher (3) is subjected to a pressing force from top to bottom, the bottom ends of the punching columns respectively pass through their corresponding through holes and are inserted into the cake-shaped feed below the pressing plate (2).

9. The device for raising larvae of the four-striped bean weevil according to claim 8, characterized in that: The ratio of the number of through holes / perforated columns to the area of ​​the feed surface is 30-40:39-41 cm 2 .

10. The device for raising larvae of the four-striped bean weevil according to claim 8, characterized in that: The feeding dish (1) is made of transparent plastic material.

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