Hydraulic turbine structure matched with multiple working conditions

Abstract

The invention discloses a hydraulic turbine structure matched with multiple working conditions, which comprises a pump shell and a main shaft arranged in the pump shell, a plurality of groups of impellers are arranged on the main shaft along the axial direction of the main shaft, a plurality of cavities corresponding to the impellers are correspondingly arranged on the pump shell, the impellers extend into the corresponding cavities, and gaps are formed between the impellers and the cavity walls of the cavities; and a guide vane assembly is arranged in the space between the impeller and the cavity wall of the cavity. The guide vane assembly is additionally arranged between the existing pump shell and the impeller, so that the guide vane assembly influences the hydraulic performance of fluid flowing through the cavity, the turbine can meet the hydraulic performance requirements of multiple working conditions by adjusting the area and the molded line of the guide vane, and the application range of the turbine is widened.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of hydraulic turbines, and in particular to a hydraulic turbine structure matching multiple working conditions. Background Art

[0002] A hydraulic turbine is an energy recovery device that can convert the energy in a fluid medium into mechanical energy. This device is often used in industrial processes, especially those involving changes in liquid pressure. The working principle of a hydraulic turbine is to use the kinetic energy of the liquid to drive a rotating element, i.e. a rotor or impeller, to achieve energy conversion. The working fluid of this device can be either liquid or gas. Existing hydraulic turbines mostly use the direct reversal of existing pumps, as shown in the attached manual. Figure 1 As shown, it can be seen that the spacing between the impeller I and the cavity of the pump housing II in the existing structure is fixed, so the hydraulic performance of the fluid flowing through the cavity into the impeller flow channel is fixed, which leads to a narrow scope of application, difficulty in adjustment, and difficulty in meeting the hydraulic performance requirements of matching multiple working conditions. However, due to the rapid upward trend of the turbine flow-head curve, it is not possible to greatly expand the scope of use by cutting the impeller like a pump, resulting in a particularly narrow scope of application and failure to meet the hydraulic performance requirements of matching multiple working conditions. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide a hydraulic turbine structure that matches multiple working conditions, so as to solve the problem that the prior art has a narrow scope of application and is difficult to meet the hydraulic performance requirements of matching multiple working conditions.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: a hydraulic turbine structure matching multiple working conditions, including a pump casing and a main shaft arranged in the pump casing, multiple sets of impellers are installed on the main shaft along its axial direction, and correspondingly, multiple cavities corresponding to the impellers are provided on the pump casing, the impellers extend into the corresponding cavities, and there is a gap between the impellers and the cavity wall; a guide vane assembly is provided in the gap between the impeller and the cavity wall.

[0005] As an optimization, the guide vane assembly includes two relatively arranged annular bottom plates, which are detachably installed in the cavity, and the diameter of the center hole thereof is larger than the diameter of the impeller; a plurality of guide vanes distributed along the circumference of the annular bottom plates are provided between the two annular bottom plates, and a plurality of guide vanes distributed along the circumference of the annular bottom plates are provided between the two annular bottom plates, one end of the guide vane is matched with the wheel surface clearance of the impeller, and the other end extends toward the direction close to the bottom of the cavity.

[0006] As an optimization, the guide vane extends along a straight line or a curve in the length direction and along a straight line or a curve in the width direction, and the thickness thereof is set to be equal or unequal in the length or width direction.

[0007] As an optimization, the guide vane has a fusiform longitudinal section along the length direction and a rectangular transverse section along the width direction.

[0008] As an optimization, the annular bottom plate can be detachably installed in the cavity by means of clip-on or bolt connection.

[0009] As an optimization, the outer edge thickness of the annular bottom plate is smaller than the inner edge thickness.

[0010] As an optimization, the guide vane is integrally formed with one of the annular bottom plates, and the other annular bottom plate is fixedly or detachably connected to the guide vane.

[0011] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: A guide vane assembly is added between the existing pump casing and the impeller so that the guide vane assembly affects the hydraulic performance of the fluid flowing through the cavity, so that the turbine can match the hydraulic performance requirements of multiple working conditions by adjusting the guide vane area and profile, thereby improving its scope of application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] Figure 1 It is a structural diagram of the existing structure; Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the guide vane assembly in the present invention; Figure 4 The side view of the guide vane assembly of the present invention is a schematic diagram In the figure: 1 pump housing, 2 main shaft, 3 impeller, 4 cavity, 5 annular bottom plate, 6 flow channel, 7 guide vane. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0013] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0014] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely represents the selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0015] It should be noted that similar numbers and letters represent similar items in the following drawings, so once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined and explained in the subsequent drawings. In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientation or position relationship indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside", etc. is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, or the orientation or position relationship in which the invention product is usually placed when used, which is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation of the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are only used to distinguish the description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance. In addition, the terms "horizontal", "vertical", etc. do not mean that the components are absolutely horizontal or suspended, but can be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" only means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical", and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted. In the description of the present invention, it is also necessary to explain that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "set", "install", "connect", and "connect" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0016] Embodiment 1: The present invention proposes a hydraulic turbine structure that matches multiple working conditions, such as Figure 2-Figure 4 As shown, it includes a pump casing 1 and a main shaft 2 arranged in the pump casing 1, and multiple groups of impellers 3 are installed on the main shaft 2 along its axial direction. Correspondingly, multiple cavities 4 corresponding to the impellers 3 are provided on the pump casing 1, and the impellers 3 extend into the corresponding cavities 4, and there is a gap between the impellers 3 and the cavity walls of the cavities 4; a guide vane assembly is provided in the gap between the impellers 3 and the cavity walls of the cavities 4. Therefore, by adding a guide vane assembly between the existing pump casing 1 and the impeller 3, the guide vane assembly affects the hydraulic performance of the fluid flowing through the cavity 4, so that by adjusting the area and profile of the guide vane 7, the turbine can match the hydraulic performance requirements of multiple working conditions and improve its scope of application.

[0017] Specifically, in this embodiment, the guide vane assembly includes two oppositely arranged annular bottom plates 5, the annular bottom plates 5 are detachably mounted in the cavity 4, and the diameter of the center hole thereof is larger than the diameter of the impeller 3. Specifically, the annular bottom plates 5 are detachably mounted in the cavity 4 by means of a clamping or bolting connection.

[0018] A plurality of guide vanes 7 distributed along the circumference of the annular bottom plates 5 are provided between the two annular bottom plates 5, one end of the guide vane 7 extends toward the bottom of the cavity 4, and the other end extends toward the impeller 3 and can be matched with the wheel surface clearance of the impeller 3. The disassembly structure makes it easy to replace the guide vane assembly, so as to facilitate replacement and adjustment according to performance requirements, thereby improving the application range of the hydraulic turbine.

[0019] The specific shape of the guide vane 7 can be calculated and designed according to the hydraulic performance requirements to adapt to different working conditions, and the guide vane assembly can be flexibly replaced as needed during use, that is, the guide vane 7 extends along a straight line or a curve in the length direction and extends along a straight line or a curve in the width direction, and its thickness in the length or width direction is set to be equal thickness or unequal thickness.

[0020] In this embodiment, the guide vane 7 is a plate-like structure with a fusiform shape in the longitudinal section along the length direction and a rectangular shape in the transverse section along the width direction, which has a simpler structure and is easier to process.

[0021] The impeller 3 is provided with a flow channel 6, one end of which penetrates the wheel surface of the impeller 3, and the other end penetrates one side end surface of the impeller 3 along the axial direction of the main shaft 2. When the pump is reversed and used as a turbine structure, the fluid flows through the cavity 4 and then enters the flow channel 6 from one end of the wheel surface of the impeller 3, thereby driving the impeller 3 to rotate and completing energy conversion. Therefore, in order to further improve the guiding effect of the guide vane 7 on the fluid, the outer edge thickness of the annular bottom plate 5 is less than the inner edge thickness, so that the fluid can smoothly enter the flow channel 6 of the impeller 3 from the cavity 4 under the guidance and action of the guide vane 7.

[0022] In summary, when the present invention is working, when the fluid flows through the gap between the cavity and the impeller, it is affected by the guide vane assembly before entering the impeller, such as the guide vane causing resistance or affecting its flow rate, and then the fluid enters the flow channel of the impeller under the guidance of the guide vane, pushes the impeller, and then flows out of the flow channel along the axial direction of the main shaft to enter the next group of impellers. The guide vane assembly is easy to disassemble and install as an integral structure, and can be easily replaced according to the hydraulic performance requirements to increase the scope of application. There is no need to cut the impeller and other structures, which may cause irreversible damage, thereby reducing maintenance costs.

[0023] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention rather than to limit the technical solution. Those skilled in the art should understand that those modifications or equivalent substitutions of the technical solution of the present invention that do not depart from the purpose and scope of the technical solution should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hydraulic turbine structure matching multiple working conditions, comprising a pump housing and a main shaft arranged in the pump housing, on which a plurality of impellers are mounted along the axial direction thereof, and correspondingly, a plurality of cavities corresponding to the impellers are arranged on the pump housing, wherein the impellers extend into the corresponding cavities, and there is a distance between the impellers and the cavity wall of the cavity; characterized in that: A guide vane assembly is arranged in the interval between the impeller and the cavity wall.

2. The multi-operating-condition matching hydraulic turbine structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guide vane assembly includes two relatively arranged annular bottom plates, which are detachably installed in the cavity, and the diameter of the center hole thereof is larger than the diameter of the impeller; a plurality of guide vanes distributed along the circumference of the annular bottom plates are provided between the two annular bottom plates, one end of the guide vane is in clearance with the wheel surface of the impeller, and the other end extends toward the direction close to the bottom of the cavity.

3. The multi-operating-condition hydraulic turbine structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The guide vane extends along a straight line or a curve in a length direction and extends along a straight line or a curve in a width direction.

4. The multi-operating-condition matching hydraulic turbine structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The guide vane has a longitudinal section in the length direction and a fusiform section in the width direction.

5. The hydraulic turbine structure matching multiple working conditions according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The annular bottom plate is detachably mounted in the cavity by means of a clamping or bolting method.

6. The multi-operating-condition matching hydraulic turbine structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer edge thickness of the annular bottom plate is smaller than the inner edge thickness.

7. The multi-operating-condition matching hydraulic turbine structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The guide vane is integrally formed with one of the annular bottom plates, and the other annular bottom plate is fixedly or detachably connected to the guide vane.

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