Low-loss plankton collector fused with water passing amount cardinal number

Abstract

The low-loss plankton collector comprises a collecting net, a filtering net and a sample collecting head, the filtering net is concaved into the collecting net, and an inlet of the collecting net and an inlet of the filtering net are jointly in butt joint with a water measuring cylinder with a detector; the sample collecting head comprises an external thread ring connected to an outlet of the collecting net, an internal thread sleeve connected to the external thread ring and a detachable water outlet pipe mounted in the internal thread sleeve, the water outlet pipe comprises two half pipes which are buckled with each other, and a valve is mounted on one half pipe; and a motion control mechanism is arranged on the outer wall of the water measuring cylinder. According to the invention, the blocking probability of the sample collecting head can be reduced, the sampling loss is reduced, the sampling success rate is improved, the water passing amount corresponding to the sample is accurately metered, and an accurate population density value is obtained on the basis; meanwhile, free sampling can be carried out at any position in a three-dimensional space in a water area, and the distribution condition of plankton in the water area is comprehensively reflected.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of aquatic ecological environment, and in particular to a low-loss plankton collector integrating a water flow rate base. Background Art

[0002] Plankton is an important component of aquatic ecosystems. Population diversity and population density are one of the indicators for evaluating the health of aquatic ecological environment and are key factors reflecting the health of ecosystems. The first task in statistical plankton indicators is to obtain representative samples of the study area.

[0003] The collection net is a conventional tool for sampling plankton. A steel ring is set at the entrance of the front end of the collection net, and a metal sample collection head is set at the end of the collection net. By operating the collection rod, the collection net is sampled in the target water area along an 8-shaped trajectory. When the water flows from the entrance and passes through the collection net, the plankton is retained in the collection net. After the set sampling time is reached, the collection net is retrieved, the valve of the sample collection head is opened, and the plankton sample collected in the metal collection head is transferred to the sample bottle. Then close the valve, rinse the collection net with clean water, and then collect the remaining plankton in the sampling bottle to complete the sampling work.

[0004] The existing collection net has the following defects: (1) It is easy to get clogged and the sample loss is large: Due to the size limitation of the sample bottle mouth, the manufacturing cost limitation and the weight limitation, the diameter of the sample collection head should not be too large. The small sample collection head and the influence of large debris in the water are very easy to get clogged. In the process of using the dredging tool to deal with the blockage, it is easy to damage the plankton, resulting in sampling loss, and it is impossible to reflect the real situation of the plankton in the water area. When the blockage is serious, it may even lead to sampling failure. If the large debris in the water is filtered out at the front end of the collection net, although the blockage problem can be alleviated, some plankton attached to the debris cannot be collected. Not only can the blockage problem not be completely solved, but the plankton attached to the debris will also be filtered out, causing sampling loss. (2) The calculation basis of population density is the number of samples collected and the amount of water flowing through the collection net during the sampling process (i.e., the water flow base). The existing collection net can accurately count the number of samples, but the water flow base is roughly estimated by the prescribed action and the prescribed time. Under the premise of inaccurate water flow base, it is impossible to further obtain accurate population density. (3) Sampling is limited in areas far from the shore. At the same time, there are no research methods and implementation tools for stratified sampling in waters of different depths. The sampling location cannot be freely selected in the three-dimensional space of the water area, making it difficult to fully reflect the distribution of plankton in the water area. Summary of the invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a low-loss plankton collector integrating the water flow rate base, thereby avoiding blockage and loss, improving the accuracy of population density values, and increasing the degree of freedom of sampling positions.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the present invention is: a low-loss plankton collector integrating the water flow base, comprising a collection net with openings at both ends, a filter net connected to the inlet of the collection net and a sample collection head connected to the outlet of the collection net, the inlet diameter of the collection net is larger than the outlet diameter of the collection net, and is characterized in that: the filter net is recessed into the interior of the collection net, the inlet of the collection net and the inlet of the filter net are commonly connected to a water measuring cylinder, a detector is arranged in the water measuring cylinder, and the detector includes a flow meter and a liquid level meter; the sample collection head includes an external threaded ring fixedly connected to the outlet of the collection net, an internal threaded sleeve threadedly connected to the external threaded ring, and a detachable water outlet pipe installed inside the internal threaded sleeve by threaded connection, the water outlet pipe includes two half pipes that are buckled with each other, and the water outlet pipe composed of the two half pipes is cylindrical, and a valve is installed on one of the half pipes, the valve is closed during the sampling process, and the valve is opened when the sample is transferred to the sampling bottle after collection; a motion control mechanism is arranged on the outer wall of the water measuring cylinder, and the motion control mechanism adjusts the sampling position, sampling depth and sampling action of the collection net.

[0007] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the motion control mechanism includes a telescopic rod connected to the outer wall of the water measuring cylinder, the cylinder wall of the water measuring cylinder is a hollow structure, and the average density of the water measuring cylinder is 1g / cm 3 .

[0008] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the cylinder wall of the water measuring cylinder includes an integrally formed hollow wall and a solid wall, the dividing line between the hollow wall and the solid wall is parallel to the central axis of the water measuring cylinder, the motion control mechanism includes a propeller, a drive motor and a power supply installed on the outer wall of the water measuring cylinder, a water hole and an air hole are opened on the hollow wall, the water hole is equipped with an electric valve, the air hole is equipped with an air pump, the air hole is connected to a float through an air pipe, and a counterweight is evenly spaced along the outer wall of the air pipe, and the average density of the air pipe and the counterweight is 1g / cm 3 ; An airway is provided longitudinally through the float, and the top of the air pipe is connected to the airway; the float is disc-shaped or cone-shaped.

[0009] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the proportion of the internal cavity of the hollow wall of the water measuring cylinder is: Where V1 is the contour volume enclosed by the outer surface, inner surface and two end surfaces of the measuring cylinder, that is, the volume of water displaced when the measuring cylinder is completely immersed in water; V2 is the volume of the cavity inside the hollow wall; V3 is the total displacement volume of the propeller, drive motor and power supply; m is the total mass of the propeller, drive motor and power supply; ρ1 is the density of the material used to make the measuring cylinder; ρ 水 is the density of water, and ρ1>ρ水 ,n>1.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the ratio of the water volume to the gas volume in the hollow wall is the water-gas ratio R. The method for controlling the sinking and floating of the water measuring cylinder by adjusting the water-gas ratio in the hollow wall is: When , the measuring cylinder sinks; When , the water cylinder floats up; The water cylinder is suspended.

[0011] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, there are two propellers and two motors, and the propellers and the motors are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the water measuring cylinder.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the driving motor, air pump, flow meter, liquid level meter and electric valve are all connected to the controller by wireless communication. The controller is provided with a display screen and control buttons. The display screen is used to display the flow value of water flowing through the water measuring cylinder detected by the flow meter and the depth value of the position of the water measuring cylinder detected by the liquid level meter. The control buttons adjust the water-gas ratio in the cavity inside the hollow wall through the air pump and the electric valve, thereby realizing the sinking and floating action of the water measuring cylinder in the vertical direction, and control the rotation of the propeller through the driving motor, thereby realizing the movement of the water measuring cylinder in the horizontal direction.

[0013] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the inner wall of the internal threaded sleeve, the outer wall of the external threaded ring and the outer wall of the water outlet pipe are all provided with matching threads. Inside the internal threaded sleeve, a sealing ring is provided at the end of the external threaded ring and is tightly connected to the top of the water outlet pipe.

[0014] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the water measuring cylinder is connected with a recovery rope.

[0015] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the mesh number of the collection net is greater than the mesh number of the filter net.

[0016] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the water hole and its electric valve are arranged at the lowest position of the hollow wall.

[0017] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, a raised boss is provided at the front end of the external threaded ring. After the external threaded ring is threadedly connected with the internal threaded sleeve, the outer surface of the boss is flush with the outer surface of the internal threaded sleeve, and the internal threaded sleeve abuts against the boss.

[0018] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the butt joint of the two half-tubes is a step seam or a zigzag seam that fits together.

[0019] The beneficial effects of the above technical solution are: (1) the water flow data corresponding to the sample is accurately measured by the water cylinder and flow meter, and based on this, data preparation is made for further accurate calculation of population density; the liquid level meter can record the sampling depth, which provides convenience for stratified sampling research;

[0020] (2) The concave filter can prevent larger debris in the water from clogging the collection net and sample collection head, and retain the debris and attached plankton on the filter, preventing some of the attached plankton from being lost with the debris;

[0021] (3) Even if the sample collection head is blocked, it can be quickly disassembled and split into two halves to solve the blockage problem. Moreover, disassembling the outlet pipe to deal with the blockage will not damage the plankton and reduce sampling loss.

[0022] (4) The special structure of the water measuring cylinder can not only keep the hollow wall on top and the solid wall on the bottom to avoid rotation, but also adjust the sinking and floating of the water measuring cylinder by changing the water-gas ratio in the inner cavity of the hollow wall, so that the water measuring cylinder can be sampled at different depths. The propeller can drive the water measuring cylinder to move horizontally, realizing full-dimensional free movement in depth and horizontal directions, and the sampling area is wider;

[0023] (5) The float not only provides an airway for adjusting the water-gas ratio, but also provides a visual positioning mark for the sampling position. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0025] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the longitudinal structure of the first specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the longitudinal structure of the second specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 AA view of the .

[0028] Figure 4 It is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the sample collecting head of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 5 This is a front view of the sample collecting head of the present invention observed along the central axis.

[0030] In the figure: 1, collection net 2, filter net 3, sample collection head 4, water measuring cylinder 5, detector 6, telescopic rod 7, hollow wall 8, solid wall 9, propeller 10, water hole 11, air hole 12, electric valve 13, air pump 14, air pipe 15, float 16, airway 17, counterweight 18, recovery rope 31, external thread ring 32, internal thread sleeve 33, water outlet pipe 34, half pipe 35, control valve 36, sealing ring 37, boss 38, butt joint. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] See attached Figure 1-5 The structure of the present invention comprises a collection net 1 with openings at both ends, a filter net 2 connected to the inlet of the collection net 1 and a sample collection head 3 connected to the outlet of the collection net 1. The inlet diameter of the collection net 1 is larger than the outlet diameter of the collection net 1. The filter net 2 is recessed into the collection net 1. The inlet of the collection net 1 and the inlet of the filter net 2 are connected to a measuring cylinder 4. A detector 5 is arranged in the measuring cylinder 4. The detector 5 includes a flow meter and a liquid level meter. The sample collection head 3 comprises an external threaded ring 31 fixedly connected to the outlet of the collection net 1, a threaded ring 31 connected to the external threaded ring The inner thread sleeve 32 on the ring 31 and the detachable water outlet pipe 33 installed inside the inner thread sleeve 32 through threaded connection, the water outlet pipe 33 includes two half pipes 34 that are interlocked with each other, and the water outlet pipe 33 composed of the two half pipes 34 is cylindrical, and a valve 35 is installed on one of the half pipes 34, the valve 35 is closed during the sampling process, and the valve 35 is opened when the sample is transferred to the sampling bottle after collection; the outer wall of the water measuring cylinder 4 is provided with a motion control mechanism, and the motion control mechanism adjusts the sampling position, sampling depth and sampling action of the collection net 1. The mesh number of the collection net 1 is greater than the mesh number of the filter net 2. The water flows through the water measuring cylinder 4, the filter net 2 and the collection net 1 in sequence, the flow meter can detect the amount of water, the liquid level meter can record the sampling depth, and the larger debris in the water is intercepted by the filter net 2 to avoid clogging the mesh of the collection net 1 or the sample collection head 3, and the plankton samples attached to the debris are also fully collected. The sample collection head 3 can be quickly disassembled and assembled by means of threads. After disassembly, the water outlet pipe 33 is separated into two half pipes 34. Compared with the unblocking method of using tools to poke it open, it can solve the blockage problem while avoiding damage to the plankton sample, reduce the sample loss caused by damage, and improve the sampling success rate.

[0032] As attached Figure 4In the sample collecting head 3 shown, the inner wall of the internal threaded sleeve 32, the outer wall of the external threaded ring 31 and the outer wall of the water outlet pipe 33 are all provided with matching threads. Inside the internal threaded sleeve 32, the end of the external threaded ring 31 is provided with a sealing ring 36 and is tightly connected to the top of the water outlet pipe 33. The front end of the external threaded ring 31 is provided with a raised boss 37. After the external threaded ring 31 is threadedly connected with the internal threaded sleeve 32, the outer surface of the boss 37 is flush with the outer surface of the internal threaded sleeve 32, and the internal threaded sleeve 32 abuts against the boss 37. Figure 5 The butt joint 38 shown is a step joint or a serrated joint that fits together between the two half pipes 34. The sealing ring 36 and the butt joint 38 that fits together can both play a sealing role, and the butt joint 38 facilitates the accurate buckling of the two half pipes 34. The boss 37 can limit the end of the internal threaded sleeve 32 and mark the state in which the internal threaded sleeve 32 is installed in place.

[0033] See separately Figure 1 In the first specific embodiment shown, the motion control mechanism includes a telescopic rod 6 connected to the outer wall of the water measuring cylinder 4, the wall of the water measuring cylinder 4 is a hollow structure, and the average density of the water measuring cylinder 4 is 1g / cm 3 This embodiment is suitable for working conditions with a small water area. The telescopic rod 6 can be adjusted in length as needed, and the sampling work at the target position can be completed by manipulating the telescopic rod 6. The average density of the hollow water measuring cylinder 4 is the same as the density of water. When sampling, it is difficult to control the movement trajectory of the water measuring cylinder 4 through the telescopic rod 6 to avoid floating or sinking.

[0034] See also Figure 2 and 3 In the second specific embodiment shown in the figure, the cylinder wall of the water measuring cylinder 4 includes an integrally formed hollow wall 7 and a solid wall 8, the dividing line between the hollow wall 7 and the solid wall 8 is parallel to the central axis of the water measuring cylinder 4, the motion control mechanism includes a propeller 9, a drive motor and a power supply installed on the outer wall of the water measuring cylinder 4, a water hole 10 and an air hole 11 are opened on the hollow wall 7, the water hole 10 is equipped with an electric valve 12, the air hole 11 is equipped with an air pump 13, the air hole 11 is connected to a float 15 through an air pipe 14, and counterweights 17 are evenly spaced along the outer wall of the air pipe 14, and the average density of the air pipe 14 and the counterweight 17 is 1g / cm 3; An air passage 16 is provided longitudinally through the float 15, and the top of the air pipe 14 is connected to the air passage 16; the float 15 is disc-shaped or conical. The special structure of the water measuring cylinder 4 can not only keep the hollow wall 7 on the top and the solid wall 8 on the bottom to avoid rotation, but also adjust the sinking and floating of the water measuring cylinder 4 by changing the water-gas ratio in the inner cavity of the hollow wall 7, so that the water measuring cylinder 4 can be sampled at different depths, and the propeller 9 can drive the water measuring cylinder 4 to move horizontally, realizing all-round free movement of the position in the depth and horizontal directions, and the sampling area is wider. The second embodiment is suitable for working conditions with a large water area. The counterweight block 17 can adjust the specific gravity of the air pipe 14 to avoid the depth setting error caused by the floating of the air pipe 14.

[0035] The proportion of the internal cavity of the hollow wall 7 of the water measuring cylinder 4 is as follows: Wherein V1 is the contour volume enclosed by the outer surface, inner surface and two end surfaces of the water measuring cylinder 4, that is, the volume of water displaced when the water measuring cylinder 4 is completely immersed in water, V2 is the volume of the cavity inside the hollow wall 7, V3 is the total displacement volume of the propeller 9, the drive motor and the power supply, m is the total mass of the propeller, the drive motor and the power supply, ρ1 is the density of the manufacturing material of the water measuring cylinder 4, ρ 水 is the density of water, and ρ1>ρ 水 ,n>1.

[0036] The ratio of the water volume to the gas volume in the hollow wall 7 is the water-gas ratio R. The method for controlling the sinking and floating of the water measuring cylinder 4 by adjusting the water-gas ratio in the hollow wall 7 is as follows: When , the water cylinder 4 sinks; When , the water cylinder 4 floats up; When the water measuring cylinder 4 is suspended, the water measuring cylinder 4 is suspended. The above volume ratio relationship and the way of changing the water-gas ratio can accurately control the vertical motion trajectory of the water measuring cylinder 4. Open the electric valve 12 and start the air pump to exhaust the air outward, R increases, open the electric valve 12 and start the air pump 13 to inflate the hollow wall 7, and R decreases.

[0037] There are two propellers 9 and two motors, and the propellers 9 and the motors are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the water measuring cylinder 4. The symmetrical arrangement can maintain the balance of the water measuring cylinder 4.

[0038] The driving motor, air pump 13, flow meter, liquid level meter and electric valve 12 are all connected to the controller by wireless communication. The controller is provided with a display screen and control buttons. The display screen is used to display the flow value of water flowing through the water measuring cylinder 4 detected by the flow meter and the depth value of the position of the water measuring cylinder 4 detected by the liquid level meter. The control button adjusts the water-gas ratio in the internal cavity of the hollow wall 7 through the air pump 13 and the electric valve 12, thereby realizing the vertical sinking and floating action of the water measuring cylinder 4, and controls the rotation of the propeller 9 through the driving motor, thereby realizing the horizontal movement of the water measuring cylinder 4. The controller remotely controls each power component and obtains the flow and depth data, thereby improving the convenience of operation.

[0039] The water measuring cylinder 4 is connected with a recovery rope 18. After the sampling is completed, the water measuring cylinder 4 and the collection net 1 are pulled back through the recovery rope 18.

[0040] The water hole 10 and its electric valve 12 are arranged at the lowest position of the hollow wall 7. It is ensured that during the process of filling and exhausting the hollow wall 7, water and gas can be in a state of mutual increase and decrease, avoiding the phenomenon of gas increasing but water not decreasing causing the measurement error of water-gas ratio.

[0041] The above description is only proposed as an implementable technical solution of the present invention, and is not intended to be a single limitation on the technical solution itself.

Claims

1. A low-loss plankton collector integrating the water flow rate base includes a collection net with openings at both ends, a filter net connected to the inlet of the collection net, and a sample collection head connected to the outlet of the collection net. The inlet diameter of the collection net is larger than the outlet diameter of the collection net. Features: The filter net is recessed into the interior of the collection net, and the inlet of the collection net and the inlet of the filter net are connected to a water measuring cylinder. A detector is arranged in the water measuring cylinder, and the detector includes a flow meter and a liquid level meter; the sample collection head includes an external threaded ring fixedly connected to the outlet of the collection net, an internal threaded sleeve threadedly connected to the external threaded ring, and a detachable water outlet pipe installed inside the internal threaded sleeve through a threaded connection, the water outlet pipe includes two half-tubes that are interlocked with each other, and the water outlet pipe composed of the two half-tubes is cylindrical, and a valve is installed on one of the half-tubes. The valve is closed during the sampling process and opened when the sample is transferred to the sampling bottle after collection; a motion control mechanism is arranged on the outer wall of the water measuring cylinder, and the motion control mechanism adjusts the sampling position, sampling depth and sampling action of the collection net.

2. The low-loss plankton collector integrating the water flow rate base according to claim 1, Features: The motion control mechanism includes a telescopic rod connected to the outer wall of the water measuring cylinder. The wall of the water measuring cylinder is a hollow structure. The average density of the water measuring cylinder is 1g / cm 3 .

3. The low-loss plankton collector integrating the water flow rate base according to claim 1, Features: The cylinder wall of the water measuring cylinder includes an integrally formed hollow wall and a solid wall, the dividing line between the hollow wall and the solid wall is parallel to the central axis of the water measuring cylinder, the motion control mechanism includes a propeller, a driving motor and a power supply installed on the outer wall of the water measuring cylinder, a water hole and an air hole are opened on the hollow wall, the water hole is equipped with an electric valve, the air hole is equipped with an air pump, the air hole is connected to a float through an air pipe, and counterweight blocks are evenly spaced along the outer wall of the air pipe, and the average density of the air pipe and the counterweight blocks is 1g / cm 3 ; An airway is provided longitudinally through the float, and the top of the air pipe is connected to the airway; the float is disc-shaped or cone-shaped.

4. The low-loss plankton collector integrating the water flow rate base according to claim 3, Features: The proportion of the internal cavity of the hollow wall of the water measuring cylinder is as follows: Where V 1 V is the contour volume enclosed by the outer surface, inner surface and two end surfaces of the measuring cylinder, that is, the volume of water displaced when the measuring cylinder is completely immersed in water. 2 is the volume of the cavity inside the hollow wall, V 3 is the total displacement volume of the propeller, drive motor and power supply, m is the total mass of the propeller, drive motor and power supply, ρ 1 is the density of the material used to make the measuring cylinder, ρ 水 is the density of water, and ρ 1 >ρ 水 ,n>1.

5. The low-loss plankton collector integrating the water flow rate base according to claim 4, Features: The ratio of the water volume to the gas volume in the hollow wall is the water-gas ratio R. The method of controlling the sinking and floating of the water measuring cylinder by adjusting the water-gas ratio in the hollow wall is: When , the measuring cylinder sinks; When , the water cylinder floats up; The water cylinder is suspended.

6. The low-loss plankton collector integrating the water flow rate base according to claim 3, Features: There are two propellers and two motors, and the propellers and the motors are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the water measuring cylinder.

7. The low-loss plankton collector integrating the water flow rate base according to claim 3, Features: The driving motor, air pump, flow meter, liquid level meter and electric valve are all connected to the controller by wireless communication. The controller is provided with a display screen and control buttons. The display screen is used to display the flow value of water flowing through the water measuring cylinder detected by the flow meter and the depth value of the position of the water measuring cylinder detected by the liquid level meter. The control buttons adjust the water-gas ratio in the cavity inside the hollow wall through the air pump and the electric valve, thereby realizing the sinking and floating action of the water measuring cylinder in the vertical direction, and control the rotation of the propeller through the driving motor, thereby realizing the movement of the water measuring cylinder in the horizontal direction.

8. The low-loss plankton collector integrating the water flow rate base according to claim 1, Features: The inner wall of the internal thread sleeve, the outer wall of the external thread ring and the outer wall of the outlet pipe are all provided with matching threads. Inside the internal thread sleeve, a sealing ring is provided at the end of the external thread ring and is tightly connected to the top of the outlet pipe.

9. The low-loss plankton collector integrating the water flow rate base according to claim 1, Features: The water measuring cylinder is connected with a recovery rope.

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