Intelligent counter with multistable structure based on 4D printing technology

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of counters, and provides a multi-stable structure intelligent counter based on a 4D printing technology, which comprises a shell, a transverse shaft, a working gear, a digital gear, a first elastic jumping piece and a second elastic jumping piece, the first elastic jumping piece and the second elastic jumping piece are formed by shape memory materials through 4D printing, the transverse shaft is connected in the shell, and the working gear is connected in the shell. The working gears are sequentially and rotationally arranged on the transverse shaft in a sleeving mode, the digital gears are rotationally connected into the shell and meshed with the working gears respectively, the digital gears are provided with display parts in the circumferential direction of the digital gears, and the first elastic jumping piece and the second elastic jumping piece are both connected into the shell. The first elastic jumping piece is used for abutting against gear teeth of the working gears located at the ends of the multiple working gear sequences, and the second elastic jumping piece is located between every two adjacent working gears and used for abutting against gear teeth of every two adjacent working gears. And the operation smoothness and stability of the mechanical counter are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of counters, and in particular to a multi-stable structure intelligent counter based on 4D printing technology. Background Art

[0002] 4D printing technology generally refers to the use of smart materials that can respond to changes in the external environment, or the use of specific printing processes, so that the printed parts respond to external stimuli and change their geometric dimensions and internal structures to meet functional needs. External environmental changes generally refer to changes in electric fields, magnetic fields, temperature, humidity, pH, etc. In short, 4D printing is to achieve the response of parts to changes in the external environment by using shape memory materials with different characteristics. This response is the "driving" effect of external stimuli on materials.

[0003] Counting is the simplest and most basic operation, and a counter is a machine that implements this operation. Counters can be divided into two types: electronic counters and mechanical counters. At present, electronic counters are widely used, but mechanical counters are needed in some specific application environments, such as skipping rope counting and car mileage counting. Mechanical counters count in a mechanical form, generally with multiple character wheels arranged in sequence, usually arranged from low to high in decimal. The first character wheel is the lowest character wheel, and there is a carry wheel between adjacent character wheels. The low-position character wheel rotates one circle, driving the carry wheel to rotate one grid, and then driving the adjacent high-position character wheel to rotate one position, completing the carry operation and completing the counting.

[0004] However, in the prior art, the driving structure, reset structure and transmission structure of the existing mechanical counters are generally relatively complex, and are prone to jamming or freezing during use or after a period of use, and the structure is not stable and reliable. Summary of the invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: how to improve the smoothness and stability of the operation of a mechanical counter.

[0006] The present invention provides a multi-stable structure intelligent counter based on 4D printing technology, comprising a housing, a transverse axis, a working gear, a digital gear, and a first elastic jump member and a second elastic jump member both made of shape memory material by 4D printing, wherein the transverse axis is connected to the housing, a plurality of the working gears are rotatably sleeved on the transverse axis in sequence, a plurality of the digital gears are rotatably connected to the housing, and a plurality of the digital gears are respectively meshed with a plurality of the working gears, a display portion is provided along the circumferential direction of the digital gear, a display window is provided at a position corresponding to the housing and the display portion, the first elastic jump member and the second elastic jump member are both connected to the housing, and the first The elastic jump member is used to abut against the teeth of the working gear located at the end of the plurality of working gear sequences. The second elastic jump member is located between two adjacent working gears and abuts against the teeth of the two adjacent working gears respectively. The first elastic jump member and the second elastic jump member are both provided with elastic jump parts. The elastic jump part of the first elastic jump member undergoes a structural change after being driven to drive the working gear abutting against the first elastic jump member to rotate. The elastic jump part of the second elastic jump member undergoes a structural change after being driven by one of the adjacent working gears to drive another adjacent working gear to rotate.

[0007] Optionally, the first elastic jump member includes a first driving rod, a first elastic jump portion and a first toggle portion, one end of the first driving rod is connected to the driving end of the first elastic jump portion, and the other end extends out of the shell, one end of the first toggle portion is connected to the first driving rod, and the other end abuts against the gear teeth of the working gear located at the end of the plurality of working gear sequences, and the end of the first elastic jump portion facing away from the first driving rod is connected to the inner wall of the shell.

[0008] Optionally, the second elastic jump member includes a second driving rod, a second elastic jump part, a left toggle part and a right toggle part, one end of the second driving rod is connected to the driving end of the second elastic jump part, the left toggle part and the right toggle part are respectively connected to the opposite sides of the other end of the second driving rod, and the left toggle part and the right toggle part are respectively abutted against the teeth of two adjacent working gears, and the end of the second elastic jump part facing away from the second driving rod is connected to the inner wall of the shell.

[0009] Optionally, the working gear includes a first gear ring, a second gear ring and a third gear ring, the second gear ring is meshed with the digital gear, the teeth of the first gear ring are used to abut against the first toggle part or the left toggle part, and the teeth of the third gear ring abut against the right toggle part.

[0010] Optionally, a diameter of the second gear ring is greater than a diameter of the first gear ring, and the number of gear teeth of the second gear ring is greater than the number of gear teeth of the third gear ring.

[0011] Optionally, the first toggle part, the left toggle part and the right toggle part are all provided with an inclined structure, and the teeth of the first gear ring are provided with an inclined surface structure consistent with the inclination direction of the first toggle part or the left toggle part, and the teeth of the third gear ring are provided with an inclined surface structure consistent with the inclination direction of the right toggle part.

[0012] Optionally, the first elastic jump portion and the second elastic jump portion are both arch structures, and the first driving rod and the second driving rod are respectively connected to arch top ends of the arch structures.

[0013] Optionally, the 4D-printed mechanical counter also includes a reset connecting rod, a first torsion spring and an elastic member, the upper end of the reset connecting rod is slidably connected to the shell, the lower end of the reset connecting rod is provided with a connecting shaft, the digital gear is rotatably connected to the connecting shaft, the first torsion spring is sleeved on the connecting shaft, and one end of the first torsion spring is connected to the reset connecting rod, and the other end is connected to the digital gear, a pressing rod is also provided on the reset connecting rod, the pressing rod extends out of the shell, one end of the elastic member is connected to one end of the reset connecting rod away from the pressing rod, and the other end of the elastic member is connected to the shell, and pressing the pressing rod is used to disengage the digital gear from the working gear.

[0014] Optionally, the 4D printed mechanical counter further includes a second torsion spring, which is sleeved on the transverse axis, one end of the second torsion spring is connected to the transverse axis, and the other end is connected to the working gear.

[0015] Optionally, the 4D-printed mechanical counter further includes an electric heating film, and the electric heating film is respectively attached to the first elastic jumping member and the second elastic jumping member.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the multi-stable structure intelligent counter based on 4D printing technology provided by the present invention has the following technical effects:

[0017] The multi-stable structure intelligent counter based on 4D printing technology provided by the present invention is provided with a shell and a horizontal axis, and the horizontal axis is connected in the shell, and a plurality of working gears rotatably sleeved on the horizontal axis are provided, and a plurality of digital gears are configured to mesh with the horizontal axis respectively. For example, when the multi-stable structure intelligent counter based on 4D printing technology is applied to decimal counting, the working gears and the corresponding meshing digital gears can be set as gears for transmitting and displaying numbers such as ones, tens, hundreds, etc., and the working gears rotate on the horizontal axis to drive the digital gears to rotate, thereby displaying different numbers, and by engaging with the digital gears on the shell A display window is provided at a position corresponding to the display portion of the unit gear, and the current counting result can be observed through the display window during use. At the same time, a first elastic jump member and a second elastic jump member are connected and arranged in the housing, and the first elastic jump member is abutted against the gear teeth of the working gear at the end of the sequence, such as the above-mentioned unit working gear, and the second elastic jump member is respectively abutted against the gear teeth of two adjacent working gears, and the first elastic jump member and the second elastic jump member are both provided with an elastic jump portion, the elastic jump portion can jump from one structural form to another structural form after being driven, for example, during use, The first elastic jump member is driven by an external device or a user by pressing, pushing or other driving methods, and the first elastic jump member undergoes a structural change, thereby driving, for example, the above-mentioned unit-position working gear to rotate, and at the same time driving the second elastic jump member to move, that is, it is equivalent to driving the second elastic jump member, thereby driving the next working gear to rotate, and at the same time driving the digital gear to rotate for counting, and the counting operation of the preset counting rule can be realized by pre-setting the gear ratio between multiple working gears, or the gear ratio between the working gear and the digital gear, and the first elastic jump member and the second elastic jump member are both The shape memory material is made by 4D printing, so that the first elastic jump member and the second elastic jump member have the characteristic of responding to external environmental stimuli. For example, by stimulating the changes of parameters such as electric field, magnetic field, and temperature, the two can achieve changes with different driving forces and different structural forms, thereby making the counter adjustable and more flexible to use. It can realize multi-stable structures such as locking counting and adjusting the smoothness of counting transmission, which is convenient for realizing intelligent counting. Moreover, through the structural jump function of the elastic jump part, the counting action is more accurate and reliable, thereby improving the smoothness and stability of the operation of the mechanical counter. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a multi-stable structure intelligent counter based on 4D printing technology according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a top view structure;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a multi-stable structure intelligent counter based on 4D printing technology according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a first elastic jump member according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of a second elastic jump member according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a working gear according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a digital gear according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the working principle structure of the first elastic jump member according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of the working principle structure of the second elastic jump member according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Fig.10 This is a schematic diagram of the working principle structure of the reset connecting rod according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Fig.11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first elastic jump member after deformation according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Fig.12 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second elastic jump member after deformation according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Description of reference numerals:

[0031] 10-housing, 11-display window, 12-sliding hole, 20-horizontal axis, 21-second torsion spring, 30-working gear, 31-first gear ring, 32-second gear ring, 33-third gear ring, 40-digital gear, 50-first elastic jump member, 51-first driving rod, 52-first elastic jump part, 53-first toggle part, 60-second elastic jump member, 61-second driving rod, 62-second elastic jump part, 63-left toggle part, 64-right toggle part, 70-reset connecting rod, 71-first torsion spring, 72-pressing rod, 73-support shaft, 80-elastic member. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0033] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present invention and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the numbers used in this way can be interchanged where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present invention described herein can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein.

[0034] In the description of the present invention, the directions or positional relationships indicated by “up”, “down”, “left”, “right”, “top”, “bottom”, “front”, “back”, “inside” and “outside” are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention. They do not indicate or imply that the device referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction. Therefore, they should not be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "set", "install", "connect", and "connect" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0036] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "embodiment", "one embodiment" and "one implementation" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or implementation are included in at least one embodiment or implementation of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or implementation. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or implementations in a suitable manner.

[0037] To solve the above technical problems, Figures 1 to 7As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a multi-stable structure intelligent counter based on 4D printing technology, including a shell 10, a horizontal axis 20, a working gear 30, a digital gear 40, and a first elastic jump member 50 and a second elastic jump member 60 both made of shape memory material by 4D printing, wherein the horizontal axis 20 is connected to the shell 10, a plurality of the working gears 30 are rotatably sleeved on the horizontal axis 20 in sequence, a plurality of the digital gears 40 are respectively rotatably connected to the shell 10, and a plurality of the digital gears 40 are respectively engaged with a plurality of the working gears 30, the digital gear 40 is provided with a display portion along its circumferential direction, a display window 11 is provided at a position corresponding to the shell 10 and the display portion, the first elastic jump member 50 and the second elastic jump member 60 are both connected to the shell In the body 10, the first elastic jump member 50 is used to abut against the teeth of the working gear 30 located at the end of the sequence of multiple working gears 30, and the second elastic jump member 60 is located between two adjacent working gears 30, and abuts against the teeth of two adjacent working gears 30 respectively. The first elastic jump member 50 and the second elastic jump member 60 are both provided with elastic jump parts. The elastic jump part of the first elastic jump member 50 jumps in structure after being driven to drive the working gear 30 abutting against the first elastic jump member 50 to rotate. The elastic jump part of the second elastic jump member 60 jumps in structure after being driven by one of the adjacent working gears 30 to drive another adjacent working gear 30 to rotate.

[0038] It should be noted that elastic jump refers to the dynamic transition of the equilibrium solution of an elastic system from a critical point to a non-adjacent stable equilibrium point when the parameters change slightly. Elastic jump has a stable state and a temporary state. When a small disturbance is applied to the jump structure, the structure can obtain a large deformation, and the structure changes from a stable state to a temporary state; when the disturbance is removed, the structure will spontaneously return to the initial state. Figures 3 to 5 , Figure 8 and Fig. 9 As shown, the first elastic jump member 50 has a first elastic jump portion 52, and the second elastic jump member 60 has a second elastic jump portion 62, and both are made of shape memory material by 4D printing. For example, the first elastic jump portion 52 and the second elastic jump portion 62 are both arch structures, such as Figures 3 to 5 The elastic jump parts of the first elastic jump member 50 and the second elastic jump member 60 are both in the initial state. When the external device or the user presses, pushes, etc. to drive the first elastic jump member 50, such as Figure 8As shown, the arched structure of the first elastic jump part 52 will undergo elastic jump, that is, for example, the arched structure changes to a temporary state of a concave structure. During this process, the part of the first elastic jump part 50 that abuts against the gear teeth of the working gear 30 will undergo displacement change, that is, it will push the working gear 30 to rotate one grid for counting. When the above-mentioned drive is removed, the arched structure as the elastic jump part can quickly return to the initial state. Similarly, Fig. 9 As shown, the second elastic jump member 60 abuts between the gear teeth of two adjacent working gears 30, and the rotation of the working gear 30 can be used as the driving force of the second elastic jump part 62, thereby rotating the next working gear 30, and performing carry counting, etc. Of course, the above is only an exemplary description of the structure and principle of the elastic jump part of the first elastic jump member 50 and the second elastic jump member 60, and its specific structure can also be other structures that can perform elastic jump, which is not specifically limited here.

[0039] It is understandable that when multiple working gears 30 perform carry counting transmission, it can be achieved by setting different tooth ratios. At the same time, it can also be achieved by setting digital gears 40 with different tooth ratios, or, for example Figure 6 As shown, gear rings with different gear ratios are provided on the working gear 30. Figure 7 As shown, the display portion on the digital gear 40 may be provided with numbers, such as numbers from 0 to 9, and when it rotates one grid, a corresponding number is displayed through the display window 11.

[0040] In this embodiment, the multi-stable structure intelligent counter based on 4D printing technology provided in this embodiment is provided with a housing 10 and a horizontal axis 20, and the horizontal axis 20 is connected in the housing 10, and a plurality of working gears 30 rotatably connected to the horizontal axis 20 are provided, and a plurality of digital gears 40 are configured to mesh with the working gears 30, respectively. For example, when the multi-stable structure intelligent counter based on 4D printing technology is applied to decimal counting, the working gears 30 and the corresponding meshing digital gears 40 can be set as gears for transmitting and displaying numbers, such as ones, tens, hundreds, etc. Figure 3 As shown in the figure, from right to left, they are the ones, tens, and hundreds. The working gear 30 rotates on the horizontal axis 20 to drive the digital gear 40 to rotate, thereby displaying different numbers. A display window 11 is provided at a position corresponding to the display portion of the digital gear 40 on the housing 10. When in use, the current counting result can be observed through the display window 11. At the same time, a first elastic jump member 50 and a second elastic jump member 60 are connected and arranged in the housing 10, and the first elastic jump member 50 is connected to the working gear 30 at the end of the sequence (for example, as shown above). Figure 3The gear teeth of the working gear 30 (the rightmost end as the unit's position) shown in the figure are abutted, and the second elastic jump member 60 is respectively abutted against the gear teeth of two adjacent working gears 30, and the first elastic jump member 50 and the second elastic jump member 60 are both provided with elastic jump parts, the elastic jump parts can jump from one structural form to another structural form after being driven. For example, when in use, the first elastic jump member 50 is driven by an external device or a user pressing, pushing, etc., the first elastic jump member 50 undergoes a structural form change, thereby driving, for example, the above-mentioned unit's position working gear 30 to rotate, and at the same time drives the second elastic jump member 60 to move, that is, it is equivalent to driving the second elastic jump member 60, thereby driving the next working gear 60 to rotate, and at the same time can drive the digital gear 40 to rotate for counting, and can be preset by multiple The tooth ratio between the working gears 30, or the tooth ratio between the working gear 30 and the digital gear 40, realizes the counting operation of the preset counting rule, and the first elastic jump member 50 and the second elastic jump member 60 are both made of shape memory material by 4D printing, so that the first elastic jump member 50 and the second elastic jump member 60 have the characteristics of responding to external environmental stimuli, for example, by stimulating the changes of parameters such as electric field, magnetic field, temperature, etc., the two can achieve changes with different driving forces and different structural forms, so that the counter has adjustability and is more flexible to use. It can realize multi-stable structures such as locking counting and adjusting counting transmission smoothness, which is convenient for realizing intelligent counting, and through the structural jump function of the elastic jump part, the counting action is more accurate and reliable, thereby improving the smoothness and stability of the operation of the mechanical counter.

[0041] Alternatively, if Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 8 As shown, the first elastic jump member 50 includes a first driving rod 51, a first elastic jump portion 52 and a first toggle portion 53, one end of the first driving rod 51 is connected to the driving end of the first elastic jump portion 52, and the other end extends out of the shell 10, one end of the first toggle portion 53 is connected to the first driving rod 51, and the other end is abutted against the gear teeth of the working gear 30 located at the end of the sequence of multiple working gears 30, and the end of the first elastic jump portion 52 facing away from the first driving rod 51 is connected to the inner wall of the shell 10.

[0042] Specifically, the first driving rod 51, the first elastic jumping part 52 and the first toggle part 53 are integrally formed into a first elastic jumping part 50, the shell 10 is a cubic structure, the lower end of the first elastic jumping part 52 is connected to the inner wall of the bottom plate of the shell 10, the lower end of the first driving rod 51 is connected to the upper end of the first elastic jumping part 52, and the upper end of the first driving rod 52 extends out of the top plate of the shell 10. The top plate of the shell 10 is provided with a corresponding hole structure, and the upper end of the first driving rod 51 can be used as a button for counting or a structure for connecting an external device.

[0043] In this embodiment, by setting the first elastic jump member 50 as a structure in which the first driving rod 51, the first elastic jump part 52 and the first toggle part 53 are connected to each other, the first driving rod 51 can be used as a button for counting or a structure for connecting an external device. The first driving rod 51 can be driven by pressing, pushing or an external device to drive the first driving rod 51 to move, thereby driving the first elastic jump part 52 to generate elastic jump, so that the first toggle part 53 generates an instantaneous displacement with a certain limit, for example Figure 3 and Figure 8 As shown, the first toggle portion 53 slides to the lower end surface of the gear teeth of the working gear 30. When the first elastic jump portion 52 returns to its initial state, the first toggle portion also moves upward and drives the gear teeth of the working gear 30 to rotate upward by one grid, thereby driving the digital gear 40 to rotate by one grid for counting. Of course, the structure in which the gear teeth of the working gear 30 and the first toggle portion 52 abut against each other can be adjusted so that the first toggle portion 52 drives the working gear 30 to rotate downward. The specific design can be based on actual needs. Through the above-mentioned structural setting, the structure is simple and reasonable, easy to drive and to be linked with external devices, and runs flexibly and smoothly, is not prone to jamming or jamming, and improves the stability of the overall structure.

[0044] Alternatively, if Figure 3 , Figure 5 and Fig. 9 As shown, the second elastic jump member 60 includes a second driving rod 61, a second elastic jump part 62, a left toggle part 63 and a right toggle part 64, one end of the second driving rod 61 is connected to the driving end of the second elastic jump part 62, the left toggle part 63 and the right toggle part 64 are respectively connected to the opposite sides of the other end of the second driving rod 61, and the left toggle part 63 and the right toggle part 64 are respectively abutted against the gear teeth of two adjacent working gears 30, and the end of the second elastic jump part 62 facing away from the second driving rod 61 is connected to the inner wall of the shell 10.

[0045] Specifically, Figure 3 and Figure 5As shown, the right toggle portion 64 abuts against the gear teeth of the working gear 30 on the right side of the second elastic jump member 60, and the left toggle portion 63 abuts against the gear teeth of the working gear 30 on the left side of the second elastic jump member 60. Taking decimal counting as an example, the rightmost working gear 30 and the digital gear 40 serve as the ones place, and the tens and hundreds places are respectively to the left. Of course, thousands places may continue to be provided. At the same time, the upper end of the second elastic jump member 62 may be provided with a support rod structure connected to the inner wall of the top plate of the shell 10, and accordingly, the second driving rod 61, the second elastic jump member 62, the left toggle portion 63 and the right toggle portion 64 are integrally formed into the second elastic jump member 60, thereby improving the rationality and stability of the overall structure.

[0046] In this embodiment, by setting the second elastic jump member 60 as a structural form in which the second driving rod 61, the second elastic jump part 62, the left toggle part 63 and the right toggle part 64 are interconnected, when performing counting and carry transmission, the right toggle part 64 can be used as a toggle trigger structure, and when the right working gear 30 rotates, the right toggle part 64 is toggled, thereby triggering the second driving rod 61, so that the second driving rod 61 drives the second elastic jump part 62 to produce an elastic jump, and then drives the left toggle part 63 to produce an instantaneous displacement to toggle the next working gear 30 to rotate, thereby forming a counting and carry transmission, so that the counting and carry operation is flexible and smooth, the structure is simple and reasonable, and the smoothness of the operation of the overall structure is improved.

[0047] like Figures 3 to 7 As shown, the working gear 30 includes a first gear ring 31, a second gear ring 32 and a third gear ring 33. The second gear ring 32 is meshed with the digital gear 40. The gear teeth of the first gear ring 31 are used to abut against the first toggle part 53 or the left toggle part 63. The gear teeth of the third gear ring 33 abut against the right toggle part 64.

[0048] Specifically, Figure 6 As shown, the working gears are the first gear ring 31, the second gear ring 32 and the third gear ring 33 from right to left, and the first gear ring 31, the second gear ring 32 and the third gear ring 33 are an integrated structure, which is more stable. More specifically, as shown in FIG. Figure 3 As shown, the gear teeth of the first gear ring 31 of the rightmost working gear 30 abut against the first shifting part 53, and the gear teeth of the first gear ring 31 of the next and subsequent working gears 30 abut against the left shifting part 63. At the same time, it should be understood that the leftmost working gear 30, that is, the working gear 30 at the end, may not be provided with the third gear ring 33, or the working gear 30 may be provided with the third gear ring 33 but does not need to abut against the right shifting part 64.

[0049] In this embodiment, by setting the working gear 30 to the structural form of the first gear ring 31, the second gear ring 32 and the third gear ring 33, and by the gear teeth of the first gear ring 31 abutting against the first shifting part 53 or the left shifting part 63, and by the gear teeth of the third gear ring 33 abutting against the right shifting part 64, on the one hand, it is convenient to realize different transmission functions through the gear teeth of different gear rings respectively, without interfering with each other, and less prone to jamming, and the operation is smoother. On the other hand, the tooth ratio between the first gear ring 31, the second gear ring 32 and the third gear ring 33 can be customized to facilitate the implementation of counting rules of different bases and to improve its scope of application.

[0050] Alternatively, if Figures 3 to 7 As shown, the diameter of the second gear ring 32 is greater than the diameter of the first gear ring 31 , and the number of gear teeth of the second gear ring 32 is greater than the number of gear teeth of the third gear ring 33 .

[0051] Specifically, the diameter of the third gear ring 33 is the same as that of the second gear ring 32, which is convenient for production and manufacturing. The number of teeth of the second gear ring 32 is the same as that of the first gear ring 31, which is convenient for designing the shifting displacement and counting. That is, when the first gear ring 31 is shifted, the digital gear 40 is also rotated one grid by the rotation of the second gear ring 32, and a number is counted, which further facilitates design and manufacturing. Exemplarily, taking decimal counting as an example, the first gear ring 31 and the second gear ring 32 respectively have ten gear teeth, and correspondingly, the digital gear 40 also has ten gear teeth, and it has a decahedron, and the ten side surfaces of the decahedron are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction as its display part, and the numbers 0 to 9 are respectively arranged on the decahedron along its circumferential direction. Correspondingly, the tooth number ratio of the third gear ring 33 and the second gear ring 32 is 1:10, that is, the third gear ring 33 has one gear tooth, and the second gear ring 32 rotates ten grids, that is, one circle, which can drive the third gear ring 33 to drive the right toggle part 64 of the second elastic jump member 60 to toggle once, thereby realizing the decimal carry transmission.

[0052] In this embodiment, by setting the diameter of the second gear ring 32 to be larger than the diameter of the first gear ring 31, when in use, the first gear ring 31 is prevented from affecting or interfering with the rotation of the digital gear 40 when it abuts and moves with the first elastic jump member 50 or the second elastic jump member 60, thereby further improving the smoothness of operation, and by setting the number of teeth of the second gear ring 32 to be greater than the number of teeth of the third gear ring 33, when carry transmission is performed through the second elastic jump member 60, it is easy to realize carry transmission of different bases, and the structure is simple and reasonable, which is convenient for design and production.

[0053] Alternatively, if Figures 3 to 6As shown, the first toggle part 53, the left toggle part 63 and the right toggle part 64 are all provided with inclined structures, and the gear teeth of the first gear ring 31 are provided with an inclined surface structure consistent with the inclination direction of the first toggle part 53 or the left toggle part 63, and the gear teeth of the third gear ring 33 are provided with an inclined surface structure consistent with the inclination direction of the right toggle part 64.

[0054] Specifically, the first toggle portion 53 and the right toggle portion 64 are both inclined plate-type structures, and the end of the left toggle portion 63, that is, the portion abutting against the gear teeth of the working gear 30, is also of the above structure, and are both similar to the paddle structure, and as Figure 8 and Fig. 9 As shown, the first elastic jump member 50 first forms an elastic jump downward after being driven, and then recovers to the initial shape upward. Its working principle is that the first toggle portion 53 first slides downward to the lower end of the gear teeth of the first gear ring 31, and then toggles the gear teeth of the first gear ring 31 upward to make the working gear 30 rotate upward by one grid. At this time, by providing the gear teeth of the first gear ring 31 with an inclined surface structure consistent with the inclination direction of the first toggle portion 53, the first toggle portion 53 can move downward more smoothly without toggling the working gear 30 to rotate downward. Correspondingly, the end paddle structure of the left toggle part 63 is consistent with the inclination direction and angle of the first toggle part 53, and also cooperates with the gear teeth of the first gear ring 31. The inclined surface structure on the gear teeth of the third gear ring 33 facilitates its disengagement from the right toggle part 64. That is, after the gear teeth of the third gear ring 33 poke the right toggle part 64 and move it upward, thereby driving the second elastic jump part 62 to form an elastic jump, the right toggle part 64 slides over the gear teeth of the third gear ring 33 and disengages from the abutment relationship, which is convenient for the next round of carry transmission.

[0055] In this embodiment, by providing the first toggle part 53, the left toggle part 63 and the right toggle part 64 with inclined structures, and by providing the gear teeth of the first gear ring 31 with an inclined surface structure which is consistent with the inclination direction of the first toggle part 53 or the left toggle part 63, and providing the gear teeth of the third gear ring 33 with an inclined surface structure which is consistent with the inclination direction of the right toggle part 64, it is convenient to realize smooth counting transmission, prevent the working gear 30 from rotating in the opposite direction, and further improve the counting accuracy.

[0056] Alternatively, if Figures 3 to 5 , Figure 8 and Fig. 9 As shown, the first elastic jump portion 52 and the second elastic jump portion 62 are both arch structures, and the first driving rod 51 and the second driving rod 61 are respectively connected to the arch top ends of the arch structures.

[0057] Specifically, the arch structure is formed by stacking arc-shaped plates on both sides, and the structure is more stable and controllable. Of course, the arch structure can also have other structures, such as a pot cover, an arch bridge, etc., as long as it is easy to form an elastic jump shape change.

[0058] In this embodiment, by setting the first elastic jump part 52 and the second elastic jump part 62 as an arch structure, it is convenient to realize the elastic jump shape change. At the same time, by connecting the first driving rod 51 and the second driving rod 61 to the arch top of the arch structure respectively, it is convenient to drive the elastic jump part to perform elastic jump, and the elastic jump is made more controllable, thereby further improving the stability of the overall operation.

[0059] Alternatively, if Figures 1 to 3 , Fig.10 As shown, the 4D printed mechanical counter also includes a reset link 70, a first torsion spring 71 and an elastic member 80. The upper end of the reset link 70 is slidably connected to the housing 10, and the lower end of the reset link 70 is provided with a connecting shaft. The digital gear 40 is rotatably connected to the connecting shaft. The first torsion spring 71 is sleeved on the connecting shaft, and one end of the first torsion spring 71 is connected to the reset link 70, and the other end is connected to the digital gear 40. A pressing rod 72 is also provided on the reset link 70, and the pressing rod 72 extends out of the housing 10. One end of the elastic member 80 is connected to one end of the reset link 70 away from the pressing rod 72, and the other end of the elastic member 80 is connected to the housing 10. Pressing the pressing rod 72 is used to disengage the digital gear 40 from the working gear 30.

[0060] Specifically, a support shaft 73 is also provided at the upper end of the reset link 70, and a sliding hole 12 adapted thereto is opened on the shell 10. There are multiple support shafts 73 and sliding holes 12, and the sliding hole 12 is a waist-shaped hole, and its length direction is consistent with the movement direction of the support shaft 73. The top end of the support shaft 73 is located in the sliding hole 12, and when it moves, it slides along the sliding hole 12, which can effectively limit the movement trajectory and displacement of the reset link 70, making the overall operation more stable and reliable. Preferably, the elastic member 80 is also configured to have a structure similar to the first elastic jump member 50 and the second elastic jump member 60, that is, it also has an elastic jump part. The driving end of the elastic member 80 is connected to the reset connecting rod 70, and the end away from its driving end is connected to the inner wall of the shell 10 to form a stable fixation. When the push rod 72 is pressed, the elastic member 80 is driven to perform elastic jump, and the motion trajectory and displacement are more fixed and reliable, making the overall operation more controllable. Of course, the elastic member 80 can also be other structures, such as springs, elastic rubber seats and other structures, as long as it has the function of elastic reset, and no specific limitation is made here.

[0061] In this embodiment, through the above-mentioned structural setting, after the counter completes one count, when it needs to be reset to zero, the push rod 72 can be pushed out of the end of the housing 10, and the reset link 70 can be driven to move, and pressure can be applied toward the elastic member 80, and at the same time, the digital gear 40 can be driven to move and disengage from the meshing with the working gear 30 through the connecting shaft, and the first torsion spring 71 respectively connected to the reset link 70 and the digital gear 40 is sleeved on the connecting shaft, and the digital gear 40 rotates when counting, so that the first torsion spring 71 accumulates force, and when it is disengaged from the working gear 30, the reset link 70 and the digital gear 40 are disengaged. When the gear 30 is engaged, the first torsion spring 71 releases the torque, driving the digital gear 40 to rotate to the initial state, that is, reset to zero, and after resetting to zero, release the push rod 72, and the elastic force of the elastic member 80 can rebound the reset link 70 to the initial position, that is, push the digital gear 40 back to the position engaged with the working gear 30, which is convenient for the next counting. Through the setting of the above structure, the reset and zeroing operation of the counter is smoother, and the operation is convenient and reliable, and it is not easy to get stuck or stuck, and the overall operation is more stable and reliable.

[0062] Alternatively, if Figure 3 , Fig.11 and Fig.12 As shown, the 4D printed mechanical counter further includes a second torsion spring 21 , which is sleeved on the transverse shaft 20 , one end of the second torsion spring 21 is connected to the transverse shaft 20 , and the other end is connected to the working gear 30 .

[0063] Specifically, the first elastic jumping member 50 and the second elastic jumping member 60 can produce changes in structural morphology through changes and stimulations in the external environment. For example, by stimulating the changes in parameters such as electric field, magnetic field, and temperature, the two can be deformed, and then they can be separated from the abutment relationship with the working gear 30, so that the working gear 30 can be restored to its original position through the torque of the second torsion spring 21.

[0064] In this embodiment, a second torsion spring 21 is sleeved on the transverse axis 20, and the two ends of the second torsion spring 21 are respectively connected to the transverse axis 20 and the working gear 30. During the counting process of the counter, the rotation of the working gear 30 will cause the second torsion spring 21 to accumulate torque. After the counter completes one count, it needs to be reset to zero. After the first elastic jump member 50 and the second elastic jump member 60 are disconnected from the working gear 30, the torque accumulated by the second torsion spring can rotate the working gear 30 to the initial position, so that the next accurate counting from zero is convenient, thereby improving the stability and reliability of the overall operation.

[0065] Alternatively, if Figure 3 , Fig.11 and Fig.12As shown, the 4D printed mechanical counter further includes an electric heating film, and the electric heating film is respectively attached to the first elastic jumping member 50 and the second elastic jumping member 60.

[0066] Specifically, the electric heating film of the first elastic jump member 50 can be attached to the first toggle portion 53, for example, on the side of the first toggle portion 53 away from the horizontal axis 20, and then the first toggle portion 53 is heated after the electric heating film is energized, so that it can be bent away from the horizontal axis 20, that is, away from the working gear 30. Correspondingly, the electric heating film on the second elastic jump member 60 can be attached to the second drive rod 61, so that after the second drive rod 61 is deformed, the left toggle portion 63 and the right toggle portion 64 can be driven to produce displacement changes at the same time, for example, away from the working gear 30 and out of contact with it, so as to facilitate the reset and zeroing operation of the working gear 30. Of course, it can be understood that when in use, a power supply can be configured, and the start switch of the electric heating film can be set at the end of the push rod 72 of the reset link 70 located at the housing 10, that is, when the push rod 72 is pressed to reset the digital gear 40, the reset and zeroing operation of the working gear 30 can be performed at the same time, and the operation is more convenient and smooth.

[0067] In this embodiment, by attaching an electric heating film to the first elastic jumping member 50 and the second elastic jumping member 60, when the working gear 30 needs to be reset to zero, the pneumatic electric heating film heats the first elastic jumping member 50 and the second elastic jumping member 60, that is, changes their temperature, so as to facilitate their deformation and separation from the abutment relationship with the working gear 30, thereby facilitating the reset to zero operation of the working gear 30, and the operation is more convenient and quick.

[0068] Although the present invention is disclosed as above, the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art may make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and these changes and modifications will fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-stable structure intelligent counter based on 4D printing technology, characterized in that: The invention comprises a housing (10), a transverse axis (20), a working gear (30), a digital gear (40), and a first elastic jump member (50) and a second elastic jump member (60) both of which are made of shape memory material by 4D printing, wherein the transverse axis (20) is connected to the housing (10), a plurality of working gears (30) are rotatably sleeved on the transverse axis (20) in sequence, a plurality of digital gears (40) are rotatably connected to the housing (10), and a plurality of digital gears (40) are respectively meshed with a plurality of working gears (30), a display portion is provided on the digital gear (40) along its circumferential direction, a display window (11) is provided at a position corresponding to the housing (10) and the display portion, the first elastic jump member (50) and the second elastic jump member (60) are both connected to the housing (10), and the first elastic jump member (50) and the second elastic jump member (60) are respectively connected to the housing (10), and the first elastic jump member (50) and the second elastic jump member (60) are respectively connected to the housing (10). The variable member (50) is used to abut against the gear teeth of the working gear (30) located at the end of the sequence of multiple working gears (30); the second elastic jump member (60) is located between two adjacent working gears (30) and is used to abut against the gear teeth of two adjacent working gears (30) respectively; the first elastic jump member (50) and the second elastic jump member (60) are both provided with elastic jump parts; the elastic jump part of the first elastic jump member (50) changes its structural form after being driven, so as to drive the working gear (30) abutting against the first elastic jump member (50) to rotate; the elastic jump part of the second elastic jump member (60) changes its structural form after being driven by one of the adjacent working gears (30), so as to drive another adjacent working gear (30) to rotate.

2. The multi-stable structure intelligent counter based on 4D printing technology according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The first elastic jump member (50) comprises a first driving rod (51), a first elastic jump portion (52) and a first toggle portion (53); one end of the first driving rod (51) is connected to the driving end of the first elastic jump portion (52), and the other end extends out of the housing (10); one end of the first toggle portion (53) is connected to the first driving rod (51), and the other end abuts against the gear teeth of the working gear (30) located at the end of a sequence of a plurality of working gears (30); and the end of the first elastic jump portion (52) facing away from the first driving rod (51) is connected to the inner wall of the housing (10).

3. The multi-stable structure intelligent counter based on 4D printing technology according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The second elastic jump member (60) comprises a second driving rod (61), a second elastic jump portion (62), a left toggle portion (63) and a right toggle portion (64); one end of the second driving rod (61) is connected to the driving end of the second elastic jump portion (62); the left toggle portion (63) and the right toggle portion (64) are respectively connected to opposite sides of the other end of the second driving rod (61); the left toggle portion (63) and the right toggle portion (64) are respectively in contact with the gear teeth of two adjacent working gears (30); and the end of the second elastic jump portion (62) facing away from the second driving rod (61) is connected to the inner wall of the housing (10).

4. The multi-stable structure intelligent counter based on 4D printing technology according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The working gear (30) comprises a first gear ring (31), a second gear ring (32) and a third gear ring (33); the second gear ring (32) is meshed with the digital gear (40); the gear teeth of the first gear ring (31) are used to abut against the first shifting part (53) or the left shifting part (63); and the gear teeth of the third gear ring (33) abut against the right shifting part (64).

5. The multi-stable structure intelligent counter based on 4D printing technology according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The diameter of the second gear ring (32) is greater than the diameter of the first gear ring (31), and the number of gear teeth of the second gear ring (32) is greater than the number of gear teeth of the third gear ring (33).

6. The multi-stable structure intelligent counter based on 4D printing technology according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first toggle part (53), the left toggle part (63) and the right toggle part (64) are all provided with inclined structures, and the gear teeth of the first gear ring (31) are provided with an inclined surface structure which is consistent with the inclined direction of the first toggle part (53) or the left toggle part (63), and the gear teeth of the third gear ring (33) are provided with an inclined surface structure which is consistent with the inclined direction of the right toggle part (64).

7. The multi-stable structure intelligent counter based on 4D printing technology according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The first elastic jump portion (52) and the second elastic jump portion (62) are both arch structures, and the first driving rod (51) and the second driving rod (61) are respectively connected to the arch top ends of the arch structures.

8. The multi-stable structure intelligent counter based on 4D printing technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The 4D printed mechanical counter further comprises a reset link (70), a first torsion spring (71) and an elastic member (80), wherein the upper end of the reset link (70) is slidably connected to the housing (10), the lower end of the reset link (70) is provided with a connecting shaft, the digital gear (40) is rotatably connected to the corresponding connecting shaft, the first torsion spring (71) is sleeved on the connecting shaft, and one end of the first torsion spring (71) is connected to the reset link (70), and the other end is connected to the digital gear (40), the reset link (70) is further provided with a pressing rod (72), the pressing rod (72) extends out of the housing (10), one end of the elastic member (80) is connected to one end of the reset link (70) away from the pressing rod (72), and the other end of the elastic member (80) is connected to the housing (10), and the pressing rod (72) is pressed to disengage the digital gear (40) from the working gear (30).

9. The multi-stable structure intelligent counter based on 4D printing technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The 4D printed mechanical counter further comprises a second torsion spring (21), wherein the second torsion spring (21) is sleeved on the transverse shaft (20), one end of the second torsion spring (21) is connected to the transverse shaft (20), and the other end of the second torsion spring (21) is connected to the working gear (30).

10. The multi-stable structure intelligent counter based on 4D printing technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The 4D-printed mechanical counter further comprises an electric heating film, wherein the electric heating film is respectively attached to the first elastic jump member (50) and the second elastic jump member (60).

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