Cultivation method for mixed culture of shrimps and soft-shelled turtles

Abstract

The invention discloses a shrimp and soft-shelled turtle polyculture method, and relates to the technical field of aquaculture, and the method comprises the following steps: S1, selecting a flat-bottom and less-silt pond, and arranging anti-escape facilities around the pond; s2, stocking freshwater shrimps and Chinese softshell turtles; s3, respectively setting feeding areas for freshwater shrimps and Chinese softshell turtles in the same pond; s4, water quality regulation; s5, carrying out pond patrol inspection once in the morning and evening every day to deal with emergencies; by means of the shrimp and soft-shelled turtle polyculture mode, the space of the whole culture pond can be utilized in a three-dimensional mode, soft-shelled turtles usually crawl at the bottom of the pond, and shrimps usually swim in water, so that the three-dimensional space of the culture pond can be reasonably utilized, and the utilization rate of the culture space is increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of aquaculture, in particular to a method for mixed culture of shrimps and turtles. Background Art

[0002] Freshwater shrimp is one of the freshwater shrimps with high economic value. It has the characteristics of fast growth and reproduction, large size, short breeding cycle and strong vitality. Shrimp meat is rich in 20% protein, which is several times or even dozens of times that of fish, eggs and milk. It is low in fat and rich in trace elements such as zinc, potassium and phosphorus. It is the variety with the most vigorous consumer demand in the aquatic product market. Therefore, the scale of freshwater shrimp breeding is also getting larger and larger.

[0003] However, in order to pursue higher production of freshwater shrimp, farmers have adopted high density and high feed input in artificial breeding, which has caused water quality to deteriorate and led to outbreaks of pathogenic microorganisms, which not only affects the production of freshwater shrimp, but also increases production costs and reduces production efficiency.

[0004] In the prior art, antibiotics are often used to prevent and treat shrimp diseases. However, due to the continuous cropping of shrimp ponds, harmful microorganisms are colonized and microbial resistance is enhanced, resulting in unsatisfactory prevention and treatment effects. This also brings a series of problems to subsequent production and management, and causes antibiotic residues in shrimps, which has a significant negative impact on human health.

[0005] The existing ecological shrimp farming models mainly include rice-shrimp, river crab-shrimp, fish-shrimp ecological co-farming models, but the co-farming effect is not obvious, and they usually use common conventional feed for feeding, which easily leads to slow growth and development of both co-farmed species, greatly prolonging the entire farming cycle and reducing economic benefits.

[0006] Based on this, a shrimp and turtle mixed farming method is provided to solve the existing technical problems. Summary of the invention

[0007] The purpose of the invention is to provide a shrimp and turtle mixed culture method to solve the deficiencies in the prior art.

[0008] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: A method for raising shrimps and turtles together, comprising: S1 uses a flat-bottomed pond with little siltation. Anti-escape facilities are set up around the pond. Each pond is equipped with a separate water inlet and outlet pipe and a 3-kilowatt impeller aerator. S2: Stocking of freshwater shrimp and Chinese soft-shelled turtle, stocking rate of freshwater shrimp fry is 50,000 to 55,000 per mu; stocking rate of Chinese soft-shelled turtle is 80 to 120 per mu, and the weight of a single Chinese soft-shelled turtle is 100 to 300 grams when stocked; S3 Set up feeding areas for freshwater shrimp and Chinese soft-shelled turtle in the same pond; When feeding shrimp, mix the basic feed and supplementary feed in a mass ratio of 10:0.5-1, and feed once in the morning and evening every day, of which the evening feeding amount should account for 60% of the total daily feeding amount; When feeding Chinese soft-shelled turtles, the basic feed and supplementary feed are mixed in a mass ratio of 10:3-4, and the feeding is concentrated in the morning and afternoon. The morning feeding accounts for 45% of the total daily feeding amount, and the afternoon feeding accounts for 55% of the total daily feeding amount. S4 Water quality adjustment: During the low temperature aquaculture period, algae are cultivated and 5 kg of algae seeds are added per mu, once every 5 days; During the high temperature breeding period, algae are cultivated, and 2 kg of algae species are added per mu, once every 7 days; the algae species are a mixture of one or more of Chlorella, Fiber Algae, Star Algae, Cyclotella, Needle Algae, Nitzschia Algae, Microcystis, and Anabaena; S5 conducts pond inspections once every morning and evening to handle emergencies.

[0009] As a further technical solution: the basic feed comprises the following ingredients by weight: Fish meal 20-25 parts, soybean meal 12-15 parts, peanut meal 12-15 parts, silkworm pupae 1-2 parts, corn flour 35-40 parts, vegetable oil 0.3-0.6 parts, seaweed powder 1-1.8 parts, minerals 0.8-1.2 parts, vitamins 1-1.5 parts; Wherein, the soybean meal and peanut meal are mixed in a weight ratio of 1:1; The seaweed powder is prepared by mixing black algae, sargassum and anabaena; Among them, the mass ratio of black algae, sargassum and anabaena is 1:3:4; The supplementary material comprises, by weight: 18-20 parts of fish meal and 1-1.5 parts of regulating aid.

[0010] As a further technical solution: the preparation method of the regulating auxiliary agent is: First, γ-aminobutyric acid, plant volatile oil, ethyl-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide hydrochloride and hydroxysuccinimide are stirred and mixed to obtain a mixture; The prepared mixture was added to MES buffer, stirred at room temperature for 30 minutes, then the pH of the reaction system was adjusted to 5.0, and the stirring reaction was continued for 2 hours to obtain a first reaction solution; The reaction solution was transferred into a vacuum reactor, and then 2000Da chitosan oligosaccharide was added into the vacuum reactor, the temperature was adjusted to 40°C, and the mixture was stirred for 30 hours to obtain a second reaction solution; The second reaction liquid was dialyzed. During the dialyzation, distilled water was added to the dialysis bag once every 5 hours. The distilled water was added at a volume ratio of 50%. The dialysis treatment was continued for 4 days, and then dried to obtain a regulating aid.

[0011] As a further technical solution: the mass ratio of the γ-aminobutyric acid, plant volatile oil, ethyl-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride and hydroxysuccinimide is 1:3:1:3; The mixing ratio of the mixture and MES buffer is 30-40 g:100 mL; The MES buffer concentration is 0.15 M, pH=6.0.

[0012] As a further technical solution: the vacuum degree in the vacuum reactor is 0.1Pa.

[0013] As a further technical solution: the molecular weight cut-off of the dialysis bag is 200Da.

[0014] As a further technical solution: the method for preparing the plant volatile oil is: Placing grape seeds and Litsea cubeba in a drying oven for drying respectively to obtain dried grape seeds and Litsea cubeba; Grinding grape seeds and Litsea cubeba respectively to obtain grape seed powder and Litsea cubeba powder; The grape seed powder and the Litsea cubeba powder are mixed evenly to obtain a mixed powder; Take 120g of the mixed powder and 350mL of petroleum ether, extract in a microwave extraction device for 10min, and after cooling to room temperature, obtain primary plant volatile oil and filter residue; The filter residue was mixed with 350 mL of petroleum ether again, and extracted in a microwave extraction device for 10 min to collect secondary plant volatile oil; The primary volatile oil is mixed with the secondary volatile oil to obtain plant volatile oil; Among them, the mass ratio of grape seed powder to Litsea cubeba powder is 1:2; The microwave power during extraction was 550W.

[0015] As a further technical solution: the minerals are composed of manganese sulfate, calcium hydrogen phosphate, ferric citrate, zinc chloride, and sodium chloride; Among them, the mixing mass ratio of manganese sulfate, calcium hydrogen phosphate, ferric citrate, zinc chloride and sodium chloride is 1:3:1:1:5.

[0016] As a further technical solution: the vitamins are a mixture of vitamin A, vitamin D, vitamin E and vitamin B12; Among them, the mixed mass ratio of vitamin A, vitamin D, vitamin E and vitamin B12 is 2:1:1:1.5.

[0017] As a further technical solution, the total amount of feed fed to the shrimps daily accounts for 3±0.2% of the shrimps' body weight; The total amount of feed fed to Chinese soft-shelled turtles daily accounted for 5±0.3% of the shrimp body weight. Beneficial Effects

[0018] The present invention can utilize the space of the entire breeding pond in a three-dimensional manner through the mixed breeding mode of shrimps and turtles. The turtles usually crawl on the bottom of the pond, while the shrimps usually swim in the water. Therefore, the three-dimensional space of the breeding pond can be reasonably utilized, and the utilization rate of the breeding space is improved.

[0019] At the same time, the stocking density of shrimps and turtles can be reasonably adjusted according to the actual size of the breeding pond, which is beneficial to the growth of each shrimp and turtle. The special feed prepared by the present invention can not only promote the growth and development of shrimps and turtles, but also improve the resistance of shrimps and turtles, reduce the incidence rate, and then reduce the mortality rate, thereby ensuring the yield of each shrimp and turtle.

[0020] By raising shrimp and turtles together, the turtles can eat sick and dead shrimps, effectively cutting off the disease transmission source of the sick and dead shrimps, and preventing the sick and dead shrimps from transmitting diseases to normal shrimps, thereby effectively reducing the incidence of shrimp diseases. It can also provide turtles with a richer source of protein, thereby improving their resistance and promoting their growth and development.

[0021] The mixed culture of shrimp and turtle can take advantage of the complementary advantages between shrimp and turtle. With the special feed prepared by the present invention, it can not only make full use of the water space, but also enable the rapid growth and development of each.

[0022] In the special feed for mixed breeding of shrimp and turtle of the present invention, the introduced fish meal is a high-quality animal protein source, which is rich in essential amino acids and has a significant promoting effect on the growth of shrimp and turtle; soybean meal is a commonly used plant protein source, which has a high protein content and a relatively low price, and is suitable for large-scale use. In addition, silkworm pupae, as a high-protein insect resource, can also provide high-quality protein to promote the growth and development of shrimp and turtle.

[0023] In the special feed for mixed farming of shrimp and turtles, the main source of carbohydrates is corn flour. High-quality carbohydrates can not only provide sufficient energy for shrimp and turtles, but also improve the palatability of the feed and increase the feeding rate of shrimp and turtles.

[0024] Minerals and vitamins are necessary trace nutrients for the growth of shrimps and turtles. Adding them to special feed for mixed farming of shrimps and turtles can meet the needs of normal physiological metabolism of shrimps and turtles and improve their immunity and disease resistance.

[0025] By introducing the prepared regulating auxiliary agent, not only can the attractiveness of the feed be increased and the feeding rate of shrimps and turtles be improved, but it also has multiple physiological functions such as promoting muscle cell proliferation, increasing bile volume, and reducing fat deposition. The most important thing is that it also contains immune active substances. Through these active ingredients, it not only has antibacterial and antiviral effects, but also can regulate the body's immune function. The immune active substances can stimulate the immune system of shrimps and turtles, increase the activity and number of their immune cells, and greatly improve the resistance of shrimps and turtles. At the same time, the regulating auxiliary agent can also increase the activity of enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD) and alkaline phosphatase (AKP) in the serum, further enhance the antioxidant capacity and nonspecific immune function of the shrimp and turtle body, and greatly reduce the morbidity and mortality.

[0026] By releasing algae, on the one hand, it can greatly purify and improve the aquaculture water quality. At the same time, the survival of farmed shrimps and turtles is inseparable from the supply of oxygen. The photosynthesis of algae provides sufficient oxygen for the survival and growth metabolism of farmed shrimps and turtles. Algae can purify the aquaculture water quality and absorb harmful substances. In addition, the reproduction of algae can consume excessive ammonia nitrogen in the bottom mud, thereby purifying the water quality, maintaining long-term stability of the water quality, and ensuring the growth of shrimps and turtles.

[0027] The invention can promote each feeding of feed to be almost eaten up by shrimps and turtles by adjusting the introduction of auxiliary agents, thus effectively preventing the situation in which the water quality environment is greatly deteriorated due to excess feed. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] A method for raising shrimps and turtles together, comprising: S1 uses a flat-bottomed pond with little siltation. Anti-escape facilities are set up around the pond. Each pond is equipped with a separate water inlet and outlet pipe and a 3-kilowatt impeller aerator. S2: Stocking of freshwater shrimp and Chinese soft-shelled turtle, stocking rate of freshwater shrimp fry is 50,000 to 55,000 per mu; stocking rate of Chinese soft-shelled turtle is 80 to 120 per mu, and the weight of a single Chinese soft-shelled turtle is 100 to 300 grams when stocked; S3 Set up feeding areas for freshwater shrimp and Chinese soft-shelled turtle in the same pond; When feeding shrimp, mix the basic feed and supplementary feed in a mass ratio of 10:0.5-1, and feed once in the morning and evening every day. The amount fed in the evening should account for 65% of the total daily feeding amount. When feeding Chinese soft-shelled turtles, the basic feed and supplementary feed are mixed in a mass ratio of 10:3-4, and the feeding is concentrated in the morning and afternoon. The morning feeding accounts for 45% of the total daily feeding amount, and the afternoon feeding accounts for 55% of the total daily feeding amount. S4 Water quality adjustment: During the low temperature aquaculture period, algae are cultivated and 5 kg of algae seeds are added per mu, once every 7 days; During the high temperature breeding period, algae are cultivated, and 2 kg of algae species are added per mu, once every 7 days; the algae species are a mixture of one or more of Chlorella, Fiber Algae, Star Algae, Cyclotella, Needle Algae, Nitzschia Algae, Microcystis, and Anabaena; S5 conducts pond inspections once every morning and evening to handle emergencies; The basic feed comprises the following ingredients by weight: Fish meal 20-25 parts, soybean meal 12-15 parts, peanut meal 12-15 parts, silkworm pupae 1-2 parts, corn flour 35-40 parts, vegetable oil 0.3-0.6 parts, seaweed powder 1-1.8 parts, minerals 0.8-1.2 parts, vitamins 1-1.5 parts; Wherein, the soybean meal and peanut meal are mixed in a weight ratio of 1:1; The seaweed powder is prepared by mixing black algae, sargassum and anabaena; Among them, the mass ratio of black algae, sargassum and anabaena is 1:3:4; The supplementary material comprises, by weight: 18-20 parts of fish meal and 1-1.5 parts of regulating aid.

[0030] The preparation method of the regulating auxiliary agent is: First, γ-aminobutyric acid, plant volatile oil, ethyl-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide hydrochloride and hydroxysuccinimide are stirred and mixed to obtain a mixture; The prepared mixture was added to MES buffer, stirred at room temperature for 30 minutes, then the pH of the reaction system was adjusted to 5.0, and the stirring reaction was continued for 2 hours to obtain a first reaction solution; The reaction solution was transferred into a vacuum reactor, and then 2000Da chitosan oligosaccharide was added into the vacuum reactor, the temperature was adjusted to 40°C, and the mixture was stirred for 30 hours to obtain a second reaction solution; The second reaction liquid was dialyzed. During the dialysis, distilled water was added to a dialysis bag with a molecular weight cutoff of 200 Da every 5 hours. The distilled water was added at a volume ratio of 50%. The dialysis was continued for 4 days and then dried to obtain a regulating aid.

[0031] The mass ratio of γ-aminobutyric acid, plant essential oil, ethyl-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide hydrochloride and hydroxysuccinimide is 1:3:1:3; The mixing ratio of the mixture and MES buffer is 30-40 g:100 mL; The MES buffer concentration is 0.15 M, pH=6.0.

[0032] The vacuum degree in the vacuum reactor is 0.1Pa.

[0033] The method for preparing plant volatile oil is as follows: Placing grape seeds and Litsea cubeba in a drying oven for drying respectively to obtain dried grape seeds and Litsea cubeba; Grinding grape seeds and Litsea cubeba respectively to obtain grape seed powder and Litsea cubeba powder; The grape seed powder and the Litsea cubeba powder are mixed evenly to obtain a mixed powder; Take 120g of the mixed powder and 350mL of petroleum ether, extract in a microwave extraction device for 10min, and after cooling to room temperature, obtain primary plant volatile oil and filter residue; The filter residue was mixed with 350 mL of petroleum ether again, and extracted in a microwave extraction device for 10 min to collect secondary plant volatile oil; The primary volatile oil is mixed with the secondary volatile oil to obtain plant volatile oil; Among them, the mass ratio of grape seed powder to Litsea cubeba powder is 1:2; The microwave power during extraction was 550W.

[0034] The minerals consist of manganese sulfate, calcium hydrogen phosphate, ferric citrate, zinc chloride, and sodium chloride; Among them, the mixing mass ratio of manganese sulfate, calcium hydrogen phosphate, ferric citrate, zinc chloride and sodium chloride is 1:3:1:1:5.

[0035] Vitamins are a mixture of vitamin A, vitamin D, vitamin E, and vitamin B12; Among them, the mixed mass ratio of vitamin A, vitamin D, vitamin E and vitamin B12 is 2:1:1:1.5.

[0036] Among them, the total amount of shrimp feed per day accounted for 3±0.2% of the shrimp body weight; The total amount of feed fed to the turtles daily accounted for 5±0.3% of the shrimp body weight.

[0037] The following are specific embodiments: Example 1

[0038] A method for raising shrimps and turtles together, comprising: S1 uses a flat-bottomed pond with little siltation. Anti-escape facilities are set up around the pond. Each pond is equipped with a separate water inlet and outlet pipe and a 3-kilowatt impeller aerator. S2: Freshwater shrimp and Chinese soft-shelled turtle were released, with a freshwater shrimp fry stocking rate of 55,000 per mu; Chinese soft-shelled turtle stocking rate of about 121 per mu, with an average weight of about 227g per turtle when released; S3 Set up feeding areas for freshwater shrimp and Chinese soft-shelled turtle in the same pond; When feeding shrimp, mix the basic feed and supplementary feed in a mass ratio of 10:0.5, and feed once in the morning and evening every day, of which the evening feeding amount should account for 60% of the total daily feeding amount; When feeding Chinese soft-shelled turtles, the basic feed and supplementary feed are mixed in a mass ratio of 10:3, and the feeding is concentrated in the morning and afternoon. The morning feeding accounts for 45% of the total daily feeding amount, and the afternoon feeding accounts for 55% of the total daily feeding amount. S4 Water quality adjustment: During the low temperature aquaculture period, algae are cultivated and 5 kg of algae seeds are added per mu, once every 7 days; During the high temperature breeding period, algae are cultivated, and 2 kg of algae species are added per mu, once every 7 days; the algae species is Chlorella vulgaris; S5 conducts pond inspections once every morning and evening to handle emergencies; The basic feed consists of the following ingredients: Fish meal 20kg, soybean meal 12kg, peanut meal 12kg, silkworm pupae 1kg, corn flour 35kg, vegetable oil 0.3kg, seaweed powder 1kg, minerals 0.8kg, vitamins 1kg; Wherein, the soybean meal and peanut meal are mixed in a weight ratio of 1:1; Seaweed powder is made from a blend of black algae, sargassum and anabaena; Among them, the mass ratio of black algae, sargassum and anabaena is 1:3:4; The supplementary feed includes: 18kg fish meal and 1kg regulating agent.

[0039] The total amount of feed given to shrimps daily accounted for 3 ± 0.2% of shrimp body weight; The total amount of feed fed to the turtles daily accounted for 5±0.3% of the shrimp body weight. Example 2

[0040] A method for raising shrimps and turtles together, comprising: S1 uses a flat-bottomed pond with little siltation. Anti-escape facilities are set up around the pond. Each pond is equipped with a separate water inlet and outlet pipe and a 3-kilowatt impeller aerator. S2: Freshwater shrimp and Chinese soft-shelled turtle were released, with the stocking rate of freshwater shrimp fry being 50,000 to 55,000 per mu; the stocking rate of Chinese soft-shelled turtle was about 103 per mu, and the average weight of a Chinese soft-shelled turtle was about 146g; S3 Set up feeding areas for freshwater shrimp and Chinese soft-shelled turtle in the same pond; When feeding shrimp, mix the basic feed and supplementary feed in a mass ratio of 10:0.6, and feed once in the morning and evening every day, of which the evening feeding amount should account for 60% of the total daily feeding amount; When feeding Chinese soft-shelled turtles, the basic feed and supplementary feed are mixed in a mass ratio of 10:3.2, and the feeding is concentrated in the morning and afternoon. The morning feeding accounts for 45% of the total daily feeding amount, and the afternoon feeding accounts for 55% of the total daily feeding amount. S4 Water quality adjustment: During the low temperature aquaculture period, algae are cultivated and 5 kg of algae seeds are added per mu, once every 7 days; During the high temperature breeding period, algae are cultivated, and 2 kg of algae species are added per mu, once every 7 days; the algae species is Chlorella vulgaris; S5 conducts pond inspections once every morning and evening to handle emergencies; The basic feed consists of the following ingredients: Fish meal 22kg, soybean meal 13kg, peanut meal 13kg, silkworm pupae 1.2kg, corn flour 36kg, vegetable oil 0.4kg, seaweed powder 1.2kg, minerals 0.9kg, vitamins 1.2kg; Wherein, the soybean meal and peanut meal are mixed in a weight ratio of 1:1; Seaweed powder is made from a blend of black algae, sargassum and anabaena; Among them, the mass ratio of black algae, sargassum and anabaena is 1:3:4; The supplementary feed includes: 19kg fish meal and 1.2kg regulating agent.

[0041] The total amount of feed given to shrimps daily accounted for 3 ± 0.2% of shrimp body weight; The total amount of feed fed to the turtles daily accounted for 5±0.3% of the shrimp body weight. Example 3

[0042] A method for raising shrimps and turtles together, comprising: S1 uses a flat-bottomed pond with little siltation. Anti-escape facilities are set up around the pond. Each pond is equipped with a separate water inlet and outlet pipe and a 3-kilowatt impeller aerator. S2: Freshwater shrimp and Chinese soft-shelled turtle were released, with the stocking rate of freshwater shrimp fry being 50,000 to 55,000 per mu; the stocking rate of Chinese soft-shelled turtle was about 145 per mu, and the average weight of a Chinese soft-shelled turtle was about 279g; S3 Set up feeding areas for freshwater shrimp and Chinese soft-shelled turtle in the same pond; When feeding shrimp, mix the basic feed and supplementary feed in a mass ratio of 10:0.8, and feed once in the morning and evening every day, of which the evening feeding amount should account for 60% of the total daily feeding amount; When feeding Chinese soft-shelled turtles, the basic feed and supplementary feed are mixed in a mass ratio of 10:3.5, and the feeding is concentrated in the morning and afternoon. The morning feeding accounts for 45% of the total daily feeding amount, and the afternoon feeding accounts for 55% of the total daily feeding amount. S4 Water quality adjustment: During the low temperature aquaculture period, algae are cultivated and 5 kg of algae seeds are added per mu, once every 7 days; During the high temperature breeding period, algae are cultivated, and 2 kg of algae species are added per mu, once every 7 days; the algae species is Chlorella vulgaris; S5 conducts pond inspections once every morning and evening to handle emergencies; The basic feed consists of the following ingredients: Fish meal 22kg, soybean meal 14kg, peanut meal 14kg, silkworm pupae 1.5kg, corn meal 38kg, vegetable oil 0.5kg, seaweed powder 1.2kg, minerals 1kg, vitamins 1.2kg; Wherein, the soybean meal and peanut meal are mixed in a weight ratio of 1:1; Seaweed powder is made from a blend of black algae, sargassum and anabaena; Among them, the mass ratio of black algae, sargassum and anabaena is 1:3:4; The supplementary feed includes: 18kg fish meal and 1.3kg regulating agent.

[0043] The total amount of feed given to shrimps daily accounted for 3 ± 0.2% of shrimp body weight; The total amount of feed fed to the turtles daily accounted for 5±0.3% of the shrimp body weight. Example 4

[0044] A method for raising shrimps and turtles together, comprising: S1 uses a flat-bottomed pond with little siltation. Anti-escape facilities are set up around the pond. Each pond is equipped with a separate water inlet and outlet pipe and a 3-kilowatt impeller aerator. S2: Freshwater shrimp and Chinese soft-shelled turtle are released, with the stocking rate of freshwater shrimp fry being 50,000 to 55,000 per mu; the stocking rate of Chinese soft-shelled turtle is about 132 per mu, and the average weight of a Chinese soft-shelled turtle is about 245g; S3 Set up feeding areas for freshwater shrimp and Chinese soft-shelled turtle in the same pond; When feeding shrimp, mix the basic feed and supplementary feed in a mass ratio of 10:0.7, and feed once in the morning, noon and evening every day, of which the amount fed in the evening should account for 65% of the total daily feeding amount; When feeding Chinese soft-shelled turtles, the basic feed and supplementary feed are mixed in a mass ratio of 10:3.8, and the feeding is concentrated in the morning and afternoon. The morning feeding accounts for 45% of the total daily feeding amount, and the afternoon feeding accounts for 55% of the total daily feeding amount. S4 Water quality adjustment: During the low temperature aquaculture period, algae are cultivated and 5 kg of algae seeds are added per mu, once every 7 days; During the high temperature breeding period, algae are cultivated, and 2 kg of algae species are added per mu, once every 7 days; the algae species is Chlorella vulgaris; S5 conducts pond inspections once every morning and evening to handle emergencies; The basic feed consists of the following ingredients: Fish meal 22kg, soybean meal 14kg, peanut meal 14kg, silkworm pupae 2kg, corn flour 35kg, vegetable oil 0.6kg, seaweed powder 1.5kg, minerals 1kg, vitamins 1.2kg; Wherein, the soybean meal and peanut meal are mixed in a weight ratio of 1:1; Seaweed powder is made from a blend of black algae, sargassum and anabaena; Among them, the mass ratio of black algae, sargassum and anabaena is 1:3:4; The supplementary feed includes: 19kg fish meal and 1.2kg regulating agent.

[0045] The total amount of feed given to shrimps daily accounted for 3 ± 0.2% of shrimp body weight; The total amount of feed fed to the turtles daily accounted for 5±0.3% of the shrimp body weight. Example 5

[0046] A method for raising shrimps and turtles together, comprising: S1 uses a flat-bottomed pond with little siltation. Anti-escape facilities are set up around the pond. Each pond is equipped with a separate water inlet and outlet pipe and a 3-kilowatt impeller aerator. S2: Freshwater shrimp and Chinese soft-shelled turtle were released, with the stocking rate of freshwater shrimp fry being 50,000 to 55,000 per mu; the stocking rate of Chinese soft-shelled turtle was about 115 per mu, and the average weight of a Chinese soft-shelled turtle was about 193g; S3 Set up feeding areas for freshwater shrimp and Chinese soft-shelled turtle in the same pond; When feeding shrimp, mix the basic feed and supplementary feed in a mass ratio of 10:1, and feed once in the morning and evening every day. The amount fed in the evening should account for 65% of the total daily feeding amount. When feeding Chinese soft-shelled turtles, the basic feed and supplementary feed are mixed in a mass ratio of 10:3-4, and the feeding is concentrated in the morning and afternoon. The morning feeding accounts for 45% of the total daily feeding amount, and the afternoon feeding accounts for 55% of the total daily feeding amount. S4 Water quality adjustment: During the low temperature aquaculture period, algae are cultivated and 5 kg of algae seeds are added per mu, once every 7 days; During the high temperature breeding period, algae are cultivated, and 2 kg of algae species are added per mu, once every 7 days; the algae species is Chlorella vulgaris; S5 conducts pond inspections once every morning and evening to handle emergencies; The basic feed consists of the following ingredients: Fish meal 25kg, soybean meal 15kg, peanut meal 15kg, silkworm pupae 2kg, corn flour 40kg, vegetable oil 0.6kg, seaweed powder 1.8kg, minerals 1.2kg, vitamins 1.5kg; Wherein, the soybean meal and peanut meal are mixed in a weight ratio of 1:1; Seaweed powder is made from a blend of black algae, sargassum and anabaena; Among them, the mass ratio of black algae, sargassum and anabaena is 1:3:4; The supplementary feed includes: 18-20kg of fish meal and 1.5kg of regulating aid.

[0047] The total amount of feed given to shrimps daily accounted for 3 ± 0.2% of shrimp body weight; The total amount of feed fed to the turtles daily accounted for 5±0.3% of the shrimp body weight.

[0048] In the above embodiments: the preparation method of the regulating auxiliary agent is: First, γ-aminobutyric acid, plant volatile oil, ethyl-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide hydrochloride and hydroxysuccinimide are stirred and mixed to obtain a mixture; The prepared mixture was added to MES buffer, stirred at room temperature for 30 minutes, then the pH of the reaction system was adjusted to 5.0, and the stirring reaction was continued for 2 hours to obtain a first reaction solution; The reaction solution was transferred into a vacuum reactor, and then 2000Da chitosan oligosaccharide was added into the vacuum reactor, the temperature was adjusted to 40°C, and the mixture was stirred for 30 hours to obtain a second reaction solution; The second reaction liquid was dialyzed. During the dialysis, distilled water was added to a dialysis bag with a molecular weight cutoff of 200 Da every 5 hours. The distilled water was added at a volume ratio of 50%. The dialysis was continued for 4 days and then dried to obtain a regulating aid.

[0049] The mass ratio of γ-aminobutyric acid, plant essential oil, ethyl-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide hydrochloride and hydroxysuccinimide is 1:3:1:3; The mixing ratio of the mixture and MES buffer is 35 g:100 mL; The MES buffer concentration is 0.15 M, pH=6.0.

[0050] The vacuum degree in the vacuum reactor is 0.1Pa.

[0051] The method for preparing plant volatile oil is as follows: Placing grape seeds and Litsea cubeba in a drying oven for drying respectively to obtain dried grape seeds and Litsea cubeba; Grinding grape seeds and Litsea cubeba respectively to obtain grape seed powder and Litsea cubeba powder; The grape seed powder and the Litsea cubeba powder are mixed evenly to obtain a mixed powder; Take 120g of the mixed powder and 350mL of petroleum ether, extract in a microwave extraction device for 10min, and after cooling to room temperature, obtain primary plant volatile oil and filter residue; The filter residue was mixed with 350 mL of petroleum ether again, and extracted in a microwave extraction device for 10 min to collect secondary plant volatile oil; The primary volatile oil is mixed with the secondary volatile oil to obtain plant volatile oil; Among them, the mass ratio of grape seed powder to Litsea cubeba powder is 1:2; The microwave power during extraction was 550W.

[0052] Comparative Example 1: On the basis of the technical solution of Example 1, only basic feed is used for feeding, and the rest of the technical solutions remain unchanged.

[0053] Comparative Example 2: On the basis of the technical solution of Example 1, no plant volatile oil is added during the preparation of the regulating auxiliary agent, and the rest of the technical solutions remain unchanged.

[0054] test: In the same aquaculture base in Quanjiao County, there are 9 independent breeding ponds, and the area difference of the 9 breeding ponds does not exceed 0.1 mu. The ponds are numbered 1-9 respectively; Anti-escape facilities are set up around the ponds, and each pond is equipped with separate water inlet and outlet pipes and a 3-kilowatt impeller aerator.

[0055] Table 1

[0056] After 3 months of breeding, the harvesting of freshwater shrimps began, and after 10 months of breeding, the harvesting of Chinese soft-shelled turtles began. The output values ​​are shown in Table 2. Table 2 Freshwater shrimp

[0057] It can be seen from Table 2 that the special feed prepared by the present invention can significantly increase the yield of freshwater shrimp; Table 3 Chinese soft-shelled turtle

[0058] It can be seen from Table 3 that the special feed prepared by the present invention can significantly increase the yield of Chinese soft-shelled turtle.

[0059] Statistics on the incidence of green shrimp and Chinese soft-shelled turtle in ponds 1 and 6-9: Main statistics of freshwater shrimp (sessile ciliate disease, gill rot and red body disease) Important statistics of Chinese soft-shell turtle (white plate disease, rotten skin disease and white spot disease) Table 4 Green shrimp

[0060] It can be seen from Table 4 that the special feed prepared by the present invention can significantly improve the resistance of freshwater shrimp. When freshwater shrimp is cultured alone, the morbidity rate is slightly higher than that of shrimp and turtle mixed culture. This is because Chinese soft-shelled turtle can eat old, weak, sick and disabled shrimp, which greatly reduces the infectivity of sick shrimp to normal shrimp, and reduces the overall morbidity rate of freshwater shrimp. Table 4 Chinese soft-shelled turtle

[0061] It can be seen from Table 5 that the special feed prepared by the present invention can significantly improve the resistance of Chinese soft-shelled turtles, and the single breeding of Chinese soft-shelled turtles and the mixed breeding of shrimp and turtles have little effect on the overall morbidity of Chinese soft-shelled turtles.

[0062] Conduct water quality tests on ponds 1, 6 and 7 every 15 days, record and compile statistics, including pH, chemical oxygen demand (COD), ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) and nitrite nitrogen (NO2-N); Refer to the method provided in Part 4 of the Marine Monitoring Specifications: Seawater Analysis (GB 17378.4-2007); Table 5

[0063] It can be seen from Table 5 that the water quality during the culture period of the method of the present invention is kept good and suitable for the growth of shrimps and turtles.

[0064] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the scope of implementation shown. Any changes made in accordance with the concept of the present invention, or modifications to equivalent embodiments with equivalent changes, which still do not exceed the spirit covered by the specification, should be within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for mixed culture of shrimp and turtle, characterized in that: include: S1 uses a flat-bottomed pond with little siltation. Anti-escape facilities are set up around the pond. Each pond is equipped with a separate water inlet and outlet pipe and a 3-kilowatt impeller aerator. S2: Stocking of freshwater shrimp and Chinese soft-shelled turtle, stocking rate of freshwater shrimp fry is 50,000 to 55,000 per mu; stocking rate of Chinese soft-shelled turtle is 80 to 120 per mu, and the weight of a single Chinese soft-shelled turtle is 100 to 300 grams when stocked; S3 Set up feeding areas for freshwater shrimp and Chinese soft-shelled turtle in the same pond; When feeding shrimp, mix the basic feed and supplementary feed in a mass ratio of 10:0.5-1, and feed once in the morning and evening every day, of which the evening feeding amount should account for 60% of the total daily feeding amount; When feeding Chinese soft-shelled turtles, the basic feed and supplementary feed are mixed in a mass ratio of 10:3-4, and the feeding is concentrated in the morning and afternoon. The morning feeding accounts for 45% of the total daily feeding amount, and the afternoon feeding accounts for 55% of the total daily feeding amount. S4 Water quality adjustment: During the low temperature aquaculture period, algae are cultivated and 5 kg of algae seeds are added per mu, once every 7 days; During the high temperature breeding period, algae are cultivated, and 2 kg of algae species are added per mu, once every 7 days; the algae species are a mixture of one or more of Chlorella, Fiber Algae, Star Algae, Cyclotella, Needle Algae, Nitzschia Algae, Microcystis Algae, and Anabaena; S5 conducts pond inspections once every morning and evening to handle emergencies.

2. The method for raising shrimp and turtle together according to claim 1, characterized in that: The basic feed comprises the following ingredients by weight: Fish meal 20-25 parts, soybean meal 12-15 parts, peanut meal 12-15 parts, silkworm pupae 1-2 parts, corn flour 35-40 parts, vegetable oil 0.3-0.6 parts, seaweed powder 1-1.8 parts, minerals 0.8-1.2 parts, vitamins 1-1.5 parts; Wherein, the soybean meal and peanut meal are mixed in a weight ratio of 1:1; The seaweed powder is prepared by mixing black algae, sargassum and anabaena; Among them, the mass ratio of black algae, sargassum and anabaena is 1:3:4; The supplementary material comprises, by weight: 18-20 parts of fish meal and 1-1.5 parts of regulating aid.

3. The method for mixed culture of shrimp and turtle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation method of the regulating auxiliary agent is: First, γ-aminobutyric acid, plant volatile oil, ethyl-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide hydrochloride and hydroxysuccinimide are stirred and mixed to obtain a mixture; The prepared mixture was added to MES buffer, stirred at room temperature for 30 minutes, then the pH of the reaction system was adjusted to 5.0, and the stirring reaction was continued for 2 hours to obtain a first reaction solution; The reaction solution was transferred into a vacuum reactor, and then 2000Da chitosan oligosaccharide was added into the vacuum reactor, the temperature was adjusted to 40°C, and the mixture was stirred for 30 hours to obtain a second reaction solution; The second reaction liquid was dialyzed. During the dialyzation, distilled water was added to the dialysis bag once every 5 hours. The distilled water was added at a volume ratio of 50%. The dialysis treatment was continued for 4 days, and then dried to obtain a regulating aid.

4. The method for raising shrimp and turtle together according to claim 3, characterized in that: The γ-aminobutyric acid, plant volatile oil, ethyl-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride and hydroxysuccinimide are mixed in a mass ratio of 1:3:1:3; The mixing ratio of the mixture and MES buffer is 30-40 g:100 mL; The MES buffer concentration is 0.15 M, pH=6.

0.

5. The method for mixed culture of shrimp and turtle according to claim 4, characterized in that: The vacuum degree in the vacuum reactor is 0.1 Pa.

6. The method for mixed culture of shrimp and turtle according to claim 4, characterized in that: The molecular weight cut-off of the dialysis bag is 200 Da.

7. The method for mixed culture of shrimp and turtle according to claim 3, characterized in that: The method for preparing the plant volatile oil is as follows: Placing grape seeds and Litsea cubeba in a drying oven for drying respectively to obtain dried grape seeds and Litsea cubeba; Grinding grape seeds and Litsea cubeba respectively to obtain grape seed powder and Litsea cubeba powder; The grape seed powder and the Litsea cubeba powder are mixed evenly to obtain a mixed powder; 120 g of the mixed powder was mixed with 350 mL of petroleum ether and subjected to extraction treatment for 10 min in a microwave extraction device. After cooling to room temperature, primary plant volatile oil and filter residue were obtained. The filter residue was mixed with 350 mL of petroleum ether again, and extracted in a microwave extraction device for 10 min to collect secondary plant volatile oil; The primary volatile oil is mixed with the secondary volatile oil to obtain plant volatile oil; Among them, the mass ratio of grape seed powder to Litsea cubeba powder is 1:2; The microwave power during extraction was 550W.

8. The method for mixed culture of shrimp and turtle according to claim 2, characterized in that: The minerals are composed of manganese sulfate, calcium hydrogen phosphate, ferric citrate, zinc chloride and sodium chloride; Among them, the mixing mass ratio of manganese sulfate, calcium hydrogen phosphate, ferric citrate, zinc chloride and sodium chloride is 1:3:1:1:

5.

9. The method for mixed culture of shrimp and turtle according to claim 2, characterized in that: The vitamins are a mixture of vitamin A, vitamin D, vitamin E and vitamin B12; Among them, the mixed mass ratio of vitamin A, vitamin D, vitamin E and vitamin B12 is 2:1:1:1.

5.

10. The method for mixed culture of shrimp and turtle according to claim 1, characterized in that: in, The total amount of feed given to shrimps daily accounted for 3 ± 0.2% of shrimp body weight; The total amount of feed fed to Chinese soft-shelled turtles daily accounted for 5±0.3% of the shrimp body weight.

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