Vibration finishing method for aviation gear and clamping device

Abstract

The invention relates to a vibration finishing method of an aviation gear and a clamping device. The vibration finishing method mainly comprises the following steps that the diameter of abrasive ceramic particles and the concentration of abrasive liquid are determined according to the modulus of the aviation gear to be machined; grinding material liquid is prepared according to the determined concentration of the grinding material liquid, and the grinding material liquid is added into a vibration groove of the horizontal vibration polisher machine; starting the horizontal vibration polisher machine for trial operation; after the viscosity of the material grinding liquid meets the placing requirement of the aviation gears to be machined, the multiple aviation gears to be machined clamped through the clamping device are placed into a vibration groove; starting the horizontal vibration finishing machine to carry out vibration finishing processing; and opening a drain valve of the horizontal vibration polisher machine, and adding cleaning liquid into the vibration groove to wash the abrasive liquid. According to the machining method, burrs, flashes, edge rounding, sharp edge passivation and the like on the surface of the part can be removed on the premise that the original size and matching precision of the workpiece are not changed; and the surface roughness grade is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of gear surface finishing, and relates to a vibration finishing method and a clamping device for aviation gears. Background Art

[0002] Gears are crucial components in aircraft transmission systems, significantly impacting their overall functionality and safety. Some gears operate under high pressure. Over time, these gears can suffer fatigue damage such as pitting, bridging, and even fracture, directly impacting the overall service life of the aircraft transmission system. Vibratory finishing treatment of gear surfaces can significantly improve gear tooth surface roughness, enhancing the performance of gear components and thereby extending the service life of aircraft transmission systems.

[0003] Improving gear tooth surface roughness has always been a bottleneck in finishing. Design drawings usually require vibration finishing of the tooth area, ensuring that the tooth surface roughness Ra0.25 and the surface support ratio Rmr (0.8μm) ≥ 95% are met. At the same time, the tooth accuracy must not be affected by vibration finishing. Therefore, how to significantly improve the gear surface roughness while ensuring gear accuracy is a technical challenge. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Purpose of the present invention: In order to solve the above problems, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a vibration finishing method and clamping device for aviation gears, which can greatly improve the gear tooth surface roughness while ensuring the gear accuracy.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows: According to a first aspect of the present invention, a vibration finishing method for aviation gears is proposed, comprising the following steps:

[0006] Step 1: Determine the diameter of the abrasive ceramic particles and the concentration of the abrasive liquid according to the module of the aviation gear to be processed;

[0007] Preferably, the step 1 specifically includes the following steps:

[0008] Step 1.1: When the module of the aviation gear to be processed is ≤3, choose abrasive ceramic particles with a diameter of φ1.75;

[0009] When the module of the aviation gear to be processed is greater than 3, abrasive ceramic particles with a diameter of φ3 are selected.

[0010] Step 1.2: When the surface roughness of the aviation gear to be processed needs to be improved from Ra0.4 to Ra0.2-Ra0.25, 9.3 kg of powder concentrate (vibration finishing powder, brand PKZ) and 0.5 L of water need to be added to the vibration tank.

[0011] When the surface roughness of the aviation gear tooth to be processed needs to be improved from Ra0.4 to within Ra0.2, 18.6 kg of powder concentrate (vibration finishing powder, brand PKZ) and 1 L of water need to be added to the vibration tank.

[0012] Preferably, the abrasive ceramic particles are sintered Al2O3.

[0013] Step 2: Prepare the abrasive liquid according to the concentration of the abrasive liquid determined in step 1, and add the abrasive liquid into the vibration tank of the horizontal vibration finishing machine;

[0014] Step 3: Start the horizontal vibration finishing machine for trial operation. After the equipment has been running for 5 to 10 minutes, check whether the viscosity of the abrasive liquid meets the requirements for placing the abrasive liquid into the machined aviation gear.

[0015] Preferably, the method for checking the viscosity of the abrasive liquid is: the abrasive liquid wire drawing is ≥0.5mm.

[0016] Step 4: After the viscosity of the abrasive liquid meets the requirements for placing the aviation gears to be processed, multiple aviation gears to be processed, which are clamped by the aviation gear vibration finishing clamping device, are placed into the vibration tank;

[0017] Step 5: Start the horizontal vibration finishing machine to perform vibration finishing processing;

[0018] Preferably, in order to compensate for the volatilization loss of the aqueous solution during the processing, the water supply valve of the horizontal vibration finishing machine is set to continuous dripping.

[0019] The basis for judging the viscosity of the abrasive liquid during processing: if water leaks out through the drain port of the horizontal vibration finishing machine, it means that the abrasive liquid is too moist; if the abrasive liquid begins to clump, it means that the water flow is insufficient and the abrasive liquid is too dry.

[0020] Step 6: After completing the vibration finishing process in step 5, open the drain valve of the horizontal vibration finishing machine and add cleaning liquid to the vibration tank to rinse the abrasive liquid;

[0021] Step 7: Check whether the tooth surface roughness of the aviation gear to be processed meets the requirements. If it does, proceed to step 8. If it does not, remove the aviation gear to be processed and return to step 2.

[0022] Step 8: Brighten and remove rust on the aviation gears to be processed.

[0023] According to the second aspect of the present invention, a vibration finishing clamping device for aviation gears is proposed, comprising: a circular positioning guard plate, a pull rod, a positioning sleeve, a nut and a center pad; the circular positioning guard plate comprises a first circular positioning guard plate and a second circular positioning guard plate which are arranged opposite to each other, and the surfaces of the opposite sides of the first circular positioning guard plate and the second circular positioning guard plate are respectively provided with corresponding positioning sleeve grooves, and a concentric through hole is provided in the center of the positioning groove; the aviation gear to be processed is mirror-imaged and arranged between the first circular positioning guard plate and the second circular positioning guard plate, the positioning sleeve is sleeved on the large end of the aviation gear to be processed, the center pad has a symmetrical configuration, and its two ends are respectively sealed and connected with the small end openings of the oppositely placed aviation gear to be processed, the positioning sleeve cooperates with the positioning sleeve groove, the pull rod passes through the through hole of the positioning sleeve groove of the first circular positioning guard plate, the oppositely arranged aviation gear to be processed and the center pad, and the through hole of the positioning sleeve groove of the second circular positioning guard plate, and its two ends are tightened and fixed by nuts.

[0024] In a possible embodiment, a plurality of corresponding positioning sleeve grooves are respectively formed on opposite side surfaces of the first circular positioning guard plate and the second circular positioning guard plate.

[0025] In one possible embodiment, the through hole of the positioning sleeve of the first circular positioning guard plate is provided with a stepped groove around the side of the first circular positioning guard plate facing away from the second circular positioning guard plate, so as to provide space for tightening nuts, and multiple nuts are tightened at both ends to improve the reliability of tightening and fixing.

[0026] In one possible embodiment, the entire device is made of 3 million ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene. This material has low density and good rigidity, and the eccentric motor shaft can effectively drive the fixture to perform three-dimensional vibration in the machine tool.

[0027] In a possible embodiment, the circular positioning guard plate is made of 3 million ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene; the pull rod, positioning sleeve, nut and center spacer are made of nylon.

[0028] Beneficial technical effects of the present invention:

[0029] The present invention has been verified through actual practice. The processing method can remove burrs, flash, edge rounding, sharp edge passivation, etc. on the surface of parts without changing the original size and fitting accuracy of the workpiece; improve the surface roughness level; improve the physical and mechanical properties of the part surface, eliminate surface residual tensile stress, increase the thickness of the surface wear-resistant layer, improve the surface hardness and adaptability, and extend the service life of the parts. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of a vibration finishing method for aviation gears according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of a vibration finishing clamping device for aviation gears according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of this application more clearly understood, the present application is described and illustrated below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely used to explain this application and are not intended to limit this application. Based on the embodiments provided in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making any creative efforts are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0033] Obviously, the drawings described below are merely examples or embodiments of the present application. Those skilled in the art can, without inventive effort, apply the present application to other similar scenarios based on these drawings. Furthermore, it is also understood that, although the effort involved in such a development process may be complex and lengthy, for those skilled in the art related to the content disclosed in this application, changes in design, manufacturing, or production based on the technical content disclosed in this application are merely conventional technical means and should not be construed as an insufficiency of the content disclosed in this application.

[0034] References to "embodiments" in this application mean that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of the application. The appearance of this phrase in various places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor does it refer to independent or alternative embodiments that are mutually exclusive of other embodiments. It is understood, both explicitly and implicitly, by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described in this application may be combined with other embodiments unless there is a conflict.

[0035] Example 1

[0036] like Figure 1 As shown, a vibration finishing method for aviation gears specifically includes the following steps:

[0037] (1) Select appropriate vibration finishing equipment

[0038] Choose a horizontal vibration finishing machine, put parts, abrasives and liquid media in a certain ratio into a container of a certain shape, make the container vibrate at a specific amplitude and frequency, and then make the abrasives and parts move along a certain trajectory.

[0039] The main components of the horizontal vibration finishing machine are motor, base, spring, vibrator, eccentric motor shaft, vibration pot, water treatment system, and centrifuge. The eccentric blocks at both ends of the motor vibration shaft are angled to each other. The motion trajectories of the workpiece and abrasive are different when the angle of the eccentric blocks is different. When the angle is zero, the motion trajectory is approximately elliptical.

[0040] (2) Planning clamping methods and tooling design

[0041] Place multiple aviation gears to be processed, which are clamped by a vibration finishing clamping device for aviation gears, into the vibration tank;

[0042] (3) Vibration finishing process

[0043] This process is a wet polishing process using powder concentrates. It allows for both surface finishing and polishing of parts in a single operation. The powder concentrate initially acts as an abrasive, then gradually transforms during the process to create a polished finish.

[0044] Specific steps:

[0045] For example, using a 1750mm x 850mm vibrating pot, add 900-950kg of ceramic particles (sintered Al2O3). The diameter of the additive medium can be selected based on the gear module. For aircraft gears with a module of 3 or less, use a φ1.75mm diameter abrasive ceramic particles. For gears with a module greater than 3, use a φ3mm diameter abrasive ceramic particles.

[0046] Then, add 9.3 kg of powder concentrate (vibration finishing powder, brand PKZ), start the equipment, and conduct a test run. The pellets should maintain a smooth and even flow (Note: Before adding the powder concentrate, the ceramic pellets need to be humidified to prevent the powder concentrate from clumping). During the test run, water is manually added to the powder concentrate in 0.5 L increments. After 5 to 10 minutes of test run, the powder will become a highly viscous paste. The paste is then allowed to run in the equipment for 5 to 10 minutes, and its viscosity is checked. Viscosity is determined by a wire drawing ≥0.5 mm after two fingers are touched with the liquid.

[0047] After the viscosity of the paste meets the requirements, the parts are clamped in a special fixture, and then the parts and special tooling are lifted into the machine tool using a crane. The equipment is tested for 10 minutes. After the test run, the status of the parts and the paste is checked, and subsequent processing begins.

[0048] First, carry out formal processing for six hours, setting the positive vibration (motor spindle rotates clockwise) time to 3 hours, and the reverse vibration (motor spindle rotates counterclockwise) time to 3 hours. In order to compensate for the volatilization loss of the aqueous solution during the processing, the water supply valve of the vibration finishing machine needs to be set to continuous dripping with a flow rate of 70ml / min. Under the premise of ensuring the viscosity of the paste, the flow rate can be adjusted appropriately. The basis for judging the viscosity of the paste during processing: If water leaks out through the drain port of the vibration finishing machine (that is, water flows into the centrifugal pump), it means that the paste is too moist; if the paste begins to clump, it means that the water flow is insufficient and the paste is too dry. During the processing, it is necessary to observe the processing status of the parts at intervals to determine whether the fixture is loose. If it is loose, it is necessary to stop the machine, take out the parts and re-clamp them.

[0049] After six hours of machining, the paste is flushed with KS66 cleaning fluid. For the first 30 seconds, the fluid is added at a rate of 11.7 L / min. Then, the fluid is stopped and the machine is run for three minutes to allow centrifugal force to remove any residue from the part surface. This process is repeated until the flush is complete, requiring a total flow rate of 100 L.

[0050] After cleaning is complete, the process is repeated for another six hours, including rinsing.

[0051] After the second rinsing process, the parts are brightened and rust-proofed using a 0.5% aqueous cleaning fluid KS66 at a flow rate of 4 L / min for 1 hour, with a total flow rate of 240 L required.

[0052] After cleaning, the vibration finishing process is completed.

[0053] Example 2

[0054] A vibration finishing clamping device for aviation gears, such as Figure 2As shown, it includes: a circular positioning guard plate 1, a positioning sleeve 2, a center pad 3, a pull rod 4, and a nut 5; the circular positioning guard plate 1 includes a first circular positioning guard plate and a second circular positioning guard plate that are relatively arranged, and the surfaces of the opposite sides of the first circular positioning guard plate and the second circular positioning guard plate are respectively provided with corresponding positioning sleeve grooves, and the center of the positioning groove is provided with a concentric through hole; the aviation gear to be processed is mirror-imaged and relatively arranged between the first circular positioning guard plate and the second circular positioning guard plate, the positioning sleeve 2 is sleeved on the large end of the aviation gear to be processed, and the center pad 3 has a symmetrical configuration, and its two ends are respectively sealed and connected with the small end openings of the relatively placed aviation gear to be processed, the positioning sleeve 2 is matched with the positioning sleeve groove, and the pull rod 4 passes through the through hole of the positioning groove of the first circular positioning guard plate, the relatively arranged aviation gear to be processed and the center pad 3, and the through hole of the positioning groove of the second circular positioning guard plate, and its two ends are tightened and fixed by nuts 5.

[0055] In one embodiment, square step holes are opened at the positions of the pull rod 4 in the circular positioning guard plates 1 at both ends, and 30° conical surfaces are processed on both sides of the center pad 3 to match the top hole of the part. When clamping, the pad is pressed into the small end top hole of the aviation gear to be processed, and the pull rod 4 is inserted into the square hole position, and the upper end positioning plate is tightened downward to clamp the part in the axial direction.

[0056] The clamping device is made of 3 million ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, which has low density and good rigidity. It will not damage the vibration finishing abrasive. At the same time, it can ensure that the eccentric motor shaft can effectively drive the fixture and parts to perform three-dimensional vibration in the machine tool.

[0057] The fixture is generally positioned by the inner hole or shaft diameter of the part. To prevent the part from being scratched, the surface of the part needs to be wrapped with medical adhesive tape or polyethylene cloth. Therefore, when using shaft diameter positioning, the positioning size of the fixture should be 0.4 to 0.5 larger than the base size of the part. When using inner hole positioning, the positioning size of the fixture should be 0.4 to 0.5 smaller than the base size of the part. This will facilitate the loading and unloading of parts while leaving sufficient winding space.

Claims

1. A vibration finishing method for aviation gears, It is characterized in that The method comprises the following steps: step 1: determining the diameter of the abrasive ceramic particles and the concentration of the abrasive liquid according to the modulus of the aviation gear to be processed; step 2: preparing the abrasive liquid according to the concentration of the abrasive liquid determined in step 1, and adding the abrasive liquid into the vibration tank of the horizontal vibration finishing machine; step 3: starting the horizontal vibration finishing machine for trial operation, and after the equipment has been trial operated for 5 to 10 minutes, checking whether the viscosity of the abrasive liquid meets the requirements for placing the aviation gear to be processed; step 4: after the viscosity of the abrasive liquid meets the requirements for placing the aviation gear to be processed, clamping the abrasive liquid in the vibrating tank. Put multiple aviation gears to be processed clamped by the device into the vibration tank; Step 5: Start the horizontal vibration finishing machine for vibration finishing; Step 6: After completing the vibration finishing program in Step 5, open the drain valve of the horizontal vibration finishing machine, and add cleaning liquid to the vibration tank to rinse the abrasive liquid; Step 7: Check whether the tooth surface roughness of the aviation gear to be processed meets the requirements. If it does, proceed to Step 8. If it does not, take out the aviation gear to be processed and return to Step 2; Step 8: Brighten and remove rust on the aviation gear to be processed.

2. A vibration finishing method for aviation gears according to claim 1, It is characterized in that In step 1, the specific process of determining the diameter of the abrasive ceramic particles according to the module of the aviation gear to be processed includes: when the module of the aviation gear to be processed is ≤3, abrasive ceramic particles with a diameter of φ1.75 are selected; when the module of the aviation gear to be processed is >3, abrasive ceramic particles with a diameter of φ3 are selected.

3. A vibration finishing method for aviation gears according to claim 1, It is characterized in that In the step 1, the specific process of determining the concentration of the abrasive liquid according to the modulus of the aviation gear to be processed includes: when the tooth surface roughness of the aviation gear to be processed needs to be increased from Ra0.4 to Ra0.2-Ra0.25, akg of powder concentrate and bL of water are added to the vibration tank; when the tooth surface roughness of the aviation gear to be processed needs to be increased from Ra0.4 to within Ra0.2, 2akg of powder concentrate and 2bL of water are added to the vibration tank.

4. A vibration finishing method for aviation gears according to any one of claims 1 or 2, It is characterized in that In step 1, the abrasive ceramic particles are sintered Al 2 O 3 .

5. The vibration finishing method for aviation gears according to claim 1, It is characterized in that In step 3, the method for checking the viscosity of the abrasive liquid is: the abrasive liquid wire drawing is ≥ 0.5 mm.

6. A vibration finishing method for aviation gears according to claim 1, It is characterized in that In step 5, the water supply valve of the horizontal vibration finishing machine is set to continuous dripping.

7. A vibration finishing clamping device for aviation gears, used for clamping a plurality of aviation gears to be processed in step 4 of any one of claims 1 to 6, It is characterized in that include: A circular positioning guard plate, a pull rod, a positioning sleeve, a nut and a center pad; the circular positioning guard plate comprises a first circular positioning guard plate and a second circular positioning guard plate which are arranged opposite to each other, and the surfaces of the first circular positioning guard plate and the second circular positioning guard plate on opposite sides are respectively provided with corresponding positioning sleeve grooves, and a concentric through hole is provided in the center of the positioning grooves; the aviation gear to be processed is mirror-imaged and arranged oppositely between the first circular positioning guard plate and the second circular positioning guard plate, the positioning sleeve is sleeved on the large end of the aviation gear to be processed, and the center pad has a symmetrical configuration, and its two ends are respectively sealed and connected with the small end openings of the relatively placed aviation gear to be processed, the positioning sleeve cooperates with the positioning sleeve groove, the pull rod passes through the through hole of the positioning sleeve groove of the first circular positioning guard plate, the relatively arranged aviation gear to be processed and the center pad, and the through hole of the positioning sleeve groove of the second circular positioning guard plate, and its two ends are tightened and fixed by nuts.

8. The vibration finishing clamping device for aviation gears according to claim 7, It is characterized in that The surfaces of the first circular positioning guard plate and the second circular positioning guard plate on one side opposite to each other are respectively provided with a plurality of sets of corresponding positioning sleeve grooves.

9. A vibration finishing clamping device for aviation gears according to claim 8, It is characterized in that A step groove is provided around the through hole of the positioning sleeve groove of the first circular positioning guard plate on a side of the first circular positioning guard plate that is away from the second circular positioning guard plate.

10. The vibration finishing clamping device for aviation gears according to claim 7, It is characterized in that The device is made entirely of 3 million ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene.

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