Novel wet foam foaming material for underground dust removal and use method of novel wet foam foaming material

Abstract

The invention aims to provide a novel wet foam foaming material for underground dust removal and a use method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of dust suppressants. The wet foam foaming material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 25-40% of a nonionic surfactant, 20-40% of an anionic surfactant, 10-20% of a foam stabilizer, 5-10% of a wetting agent, 5-10% of a hygroscopic inorganic salt coagulant and 5-10% of an emulsifier. The particle size of wet foam generated by the wet foam foaming material is concentrated and distributed in a range of 20-40 [mu] m, and the wet foam foaming material has the characteristics of high wetting speed, strong adhesion capability and good wind resistance compared with spray dust fall; the composite surfactant, the foam stabilizer and the emulsifier are added into the water, so that the continuity and reliability of the dust removal effect are remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of dust suppressants, and in particular relates to a novel wet foam material for underground dust removal and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The application and promotion of comprehensive mechanized tunneling technology has significantly increased the dust concentration underground. The coal dust concentration at the underground mining face can be higher than 2000mg / m 3 , which seriously pollutes the working environment. The current dust suppression technology is difficult to meet the growing demand for dust suppression, and it is necessary to develop efficient and advanced dust suppression technology.

[0003] The presence of dust accelerates the wear of mechanical equipment and shortens the service life of precision instruments. This not only reduces operating efficiency, but also increases the risk during the operation. The maintenance and replacement of equipment not only increases costs, but may also cause delays in production schedules, affecting the economic benefits of the entire mine. In addition, dust also has potential explosion hazards. Once an explosion occurs, it will not only cause damage to expensive equipment, but may also cause damage to the tunnels, posing a threat to the safe production of the mine. Therefore, how to effectively control and reduce the generation of dust has become an important issue to be solved in coal mine safety production.

[0004] The present invention studies underground dust, reduces dust concentration, and ensures the personal safety of workers.

[0005] Compared with traditional spray dust suppression methods, foam dust removal technology has the following characteristics: (1) Compared with spray dust suppression technology, it has significant advantages in suppressing total dust and respirable dust; (2) Compared with spray dust suppression technology, foam has a larger specific surface area and volume, and has a higher dust suppression efficiency; (3) The surfactant contained in the foam can effectively reduce the surface tension of water and accelerate the dust reduction process; (4) The foam can effectively suppress sparks, reduce the risk of dust explosion, and thus improve operational safety; (5) Compared with spray dust suppression technology, it is more effective in saving water resources and can achieve a water saving of more than 85%.

[0006] However, the existing foam dust suppression technology faces the problems of poor wind resistance, low sustainability and reliability of dust removal effect, which restrict the application and promotion of foam dust removal technology. Summary of the invention

[0007] Aiming at the problems of poor wind resistance, low sustainability and reliability of dust removal effect in the existing foam dust suppression technology, the present invention provides a novel wet foam foaming material for underground dust removal and a use method thereof.

[0008] The present invention adopts the following technical solution: A novel wet foam material for underground dust removal, comprising the following components in percentage by mass: 25-40% nonionic surfactant, 20-40% anionic surfactant, 10-20% foam stabilizer, 5-10% wetting agent, 5-10% hygroscopic inorganic salt coagulant, and 5-10% emulsifier.

[0009] Furthermore, the nonionic surfactant includes one of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether glucoside AEG, modified alkyl glucoside APG0811, octyl glucoside APG0810, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether AEO-9, or a mixture of 2 to 4 thereof.

[0010] Furthermore, the anionic surfactant includes fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate sodium AES.

[0011] Furthermore, the foam stabilizer includes one of coconut methyl monoethanolamide CMMEA, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose CMC, and hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose HEMC, or a mixture of 2 to 3 thereof.

[0012] Furthermore, the wetting agent includes one of wetting agent JFC, wetting agent BX, and wetting agent OT-45, or a mixture of 2 to 3 of them.

[0013] Furthermore, the hygroscopic inorganic salt coagulant includes one of sodium chloride, potassium chloride, and magnesium chloride, or a mixture of two to three of them.

[0014] Furthermore, the emulsifier includes one of ethylene glycol, glycerol, and ethanol, or a mixture of 2 to 3 thereof.

[0015] A method for using a wet foam material for underground dust removal comprises the following steps: The wet foam foaming material is mixed with water and fully stirred to prepare a high-concentration aqueous solution with a concentration between 30% and 50%; the obtained high-concentration aqueous solution is injected into the water tank of the dust removal nozzle in proportion to prepare a diluted aqueous solution with a concentration between 0.03% and 0.05%; the diluted aqueous solution is transported by a pipeline system (the required water pressure is ≥10kg) and sprayed through the nozzle to form a wet foam coverage area, which effectively wraps the dust particles and achieves the purpose of reducing the dust concentration.

[0016] The wet foam obtained by the technical solution of the present invention is a product of a gas-liquid two-phase medium. Compared with spray dust reduction, it has greater advantages in wind resistance, sustainability and reliability of dust removal effect due to the addition of foaming agent, wetting agent and hygroscopic inorganic salt coagulant. It can make dust with smaller particle size in the air adhere to the surface of the wet foam or be wrapped by the wet foam and settle quickly under the action of gravity.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. The wet foam particle size produced by the wet foaming material of the present invention is concentrated in the range of 20-40 μm, and has the characteristics of fast wetting speed, strong adhesion ability and good wind resistance compared with spray dust reduction; 2. The present invention significantly improves the sustainability and reliability of dust removal effect by adding a composite surfactant, a foam stabilizer and an emulsifier into water.

[0018] 3. The foaming material of the present invention has a short defoaming time. According to on-site measurements, the defoaming rate can reach 98% within 33 minutes.

[0019] 4. After adding the wet foam material, the coal powder only needs about 57 seconds to settle, the minimum contact angle can reach 29.68°, the dust removal efficiency reaches more than 90%, and the water consumption is reduced by 65%. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] In conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention, the technical solution of the present invention is clearly and completely described. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] Example 1 A novel wet foam material for underground dust removal, comprising the following components in percentage by mass: 25% nonionic surfactant, 40% anionic surfactant, 10% foam stabilizer, 5% wetting agent, 10% hygroscopic inorganic salt coagulant, and 10% emulsifier.

[0022] Among them, the non-ionic surfactant is fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether glucoside AEG, the anionic surfactant is fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sodium sulfate AES, the foam stabilizer is coconut acid methyl monoethanolamide CMMEA, the lubricant is wetting agent JFC, the hygroscopic inorganic salt coagulant is sodium chloride, and the emulsifier is ethylene glycol.

[0023] The wet foam foaming material is mixed with water and fully stirred to prepare a high-concentration aqueous solution with a concentration of 40%; the obtained high-concentration aqueous solution is injected into the water tank of the dust removal nozzle in proportion to prepare a diluted aqueous solution with a concentration of 0.04%; the diluted aqueous solution is transported by a pipeline system (the required water pressure is ≥10kg) and sprayed through the nozzle to form a wet foam coverage area, which effectively wraps the dust particles and achieves the purpose of reducing the dust concentration.

[0024] Conduct dust removal test experimental plan: (1) In order to explore the dust reduction effect of foaming materials, an experimental test platform was built, and an air mass transmitter was used to measure the change in dust concentration inside the model. During the test, 50g of dust was disturbed with the same initial airflow to fully disperse it inside the model. When the dust concentration in the model stabilized, different concentrations of wet foaming reagents were sprayed, and the dust concentration was collected every 1s. After the dust stabilized, monitoring was stopped and the dust reduction rate was calculated.

[0025] (2) The experimental results show that the dust removal rate of the clean water control group is about 42%, and the dust removal rate of the reagent added with the wet foaming material can reach about 96%.

[0026] Conduct contact angle test experiments: In order to further test the wetting effect of the wet foam material on the surface of coal powder, a contact angle test experiment was carried out. The specific experimental steps are as follows: (1) Weigh 0.5 g of coal powder with a particle size of 150-180 μm, press it with a tablet press at a pressure of 20 MPa for 2-3 min to make coal flakes with a diameter of 13 mm and a thickness of 1 mm, with a smooth surface and no cracks, and blow away the coal powder on the coal flakes with an ear washer; (2) preparing a wet foam material solution and placing it into a microinjection system, and using a microinjector to adjust the droplet volume to 0.01 μL; (3) When the droplet is about to contact the surface of the coal powder, a telecentric variable magnification and zoom continuously adjustable lens is used to dynamically shoot and record high-definition images in real time. The contact angle data is automatically calculated through the image contour analysis automatic fitting system, and the contact angle under the action of the wet foam material is quantitatively analyzed.

[0027] (4) The experimental results show that the contact angle of clean water on the surface of coal powder is 79.73°, and the contact angle of the solution with wet foaming material can reach a minimum of 29.68°.

[0028] Example 2 A novel wet foam material for underground dust removal, comprising the following components in percentage by mass: 40% nonionic surfactant, 20% anionic surfactant, 20% foam stabilizer, 10% wetting agent, 5% hygroscopic inorganic salt coagulant, and 5% emulsifier.

[0029] Among them, the nonionic surfactant is modified alkyl polyglycoside APG0811, the anionic surfactant is fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sodium sulfate AES, the foam stabilizer is sodium carboxymethyl cellulose CMC, the lubricant is wetting agent BX, the hygroscopic inorganic salt coagulant is potassium chloride, and the emulsifier is glycerol.

[0030] The wet foam foaming material is mixed with water and fully stirred to prepare a high-concentration aqueous solution with a concentration of 30%; the obtained high-concentration aqueous solution is injected into the water tank of the dust removal nozzle in proportion to prepare a diluted aqueous solution with a concentration of 0.03%; the diluted aqueous solution is transported by a pipeline system (the required water pressure is ≥10kg) and sprayed through the nozzle to form a wet foam coverage area, which effectively wraps the dust particles and achieves the purpose of reducing the dust concentration.

[0031] Example 3 A novel wet foam material for underground dust removal, comprising the following components in percentage by mass: 35% nonionic surfactant, 35% anionic surfactant, 11% foam stabilizer, 6% wetting agent, 7% hygroscopic inorganic salt coagulant, and 6% emulsifier.

[0032] Among them, the non-ionic surfactant is cinnamyl glucoside APG0810, the anionic surfactant is fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sodium sulfate AES, the foam stabilizer is hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose HEMC, the lubricant is wetting agent OT-45, the hygroscopic inorganic salt coagulant is magnesium chloride, and the emulsifier is ethanol.

[0033] The wet foam foaming material is mixed with water and stirred fully to prepare a high-concentration aqueous solution with a concentration of 50%; the obtained high-concentration aqueous solution is injected into the water tank of the dust removal nozzle in proportion to prepare a diluted aqueous solution with a concentration of 0.05%; the diluted aqueous solution is transported by a pipeline system (the required water pressure is ≥10kg) and sprayed through the nozzle to form a wet foam coverage area, which effectively wraps the dust particles and achieves the purpose of reducing the dust concentration.

[0034] Example 4 A novel wet foam material for underground dust removal, comprising the following components in percentage by mass: 40% nonionic surfactant, 20% anionic surfactant, 20% foam stabilizer, 8% wetting agent, 6% hygroscopic inorganic salt coagulant, and 6% emulsifier.

[0035] Among them, the non-ionic surfactant is fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether AEO-9, the anionic surfactant is fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sodium sulfate AES, the foam stabilizer is coconut acid methyl monoethanolamide CMMEA, the lubricant is wetting agent JFC, the hygroscopic inorganic salt coagulant is sodium chloride, and the emulsifier is ethylene glycol.

[0036] The wet foam foaming material is mixed with water and fully stirred to prepare a high-concentration aqueous solution with a concentration of 40%; the obtained high-concentration aqueous solution is injected into the water tank of the dust removal nozzle in proportion to prepare a diluted aqueous solution with a concentration of 0.04%; the diluted aqueous solution is transported by a pipeline system (the required water pressure is ≥10kg) and sprayed through the nozzle to form a wet foam coverage area, which effectively wraps the dust particles and achieves the purpose of reducing the dust concentration.

[0037] Example 5 A novel wet foam material for underground dust removal, comprising the following components in percentage by mass: 30% nonionic surfactant, 30% anionic surfactant, 15% foam stabilizer, 7% wetting agent, 8% hygroscopic inorganic salt coagulant, and 10% emulsifier.

[0038] Among them, the non-ionic surfactant is fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether glucoside AEG, the anionic surfactant is fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sodium sulfate AES, the foam stabilizer is coconut oil methyl monoethanolamide CMMEA, the lubricant is wetting agent OT-45, the hygroscopic inorganic salt coagulant is magnesium chloride, and the emulsifier is ethylene glycol.

[0039] The wet foam foaming material is mixed with water and stirred fully to prepare a high-concentration aqueous solution with a concentration of 35%; the obtained high-concentration aqueous solution is injected into the water tank of the dust removal nozzle in proportion to prepare a diluted aqueous solution with a concentration of 0.035%; the diluted aqueous solution is transported by a pipeline system (the required water pressure is ≥10kg) and sprayed through the nozzle to form a wet foam coverage area, which effectively wraps the dust particles and achieves the purpose of reducing the dust concentration.

[0040] Example 6 A novel wet foam material for underground dust removal, comprising the following components in percentage by mass: 32% nonionic surfactant, 25% anionic surfactant, 18% foam stabilizer, 9% wetting agent, 9% hygroscopic inorganic salt coagulant, and 7% emulsifier.

[0041] Among them, the non-ionic surfactant is cinnamyl glucoside APG0810, the anionic surfactant is sodium fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate AES, the foam stabilizer is sodium carboxymethyl cellulose CMC, the lubricant is wetting agent BX, the hygroscopic inorganic salt coagulant is potassium chloride, and the emulsifier is glycerol.

[0042] The wet foam foaming material is mixed with water and fully stirred to prepare a high-concentration aqueous solution with a concentration of 38%; the obtained high-concentration aqueous solution is injected into the water tank of the dust removal nozzle in proportion to prepare a diluted aqueous solution with a concentration of 0.038%; the diluted aqueous solution is transported by a pipeline system (the required water pressure is ≥10kg) and sprayed through the nozzle to form a wet foam coverage area, which effectively wraps the dust particles and achieves the purpose of reducing the dust concentration.

[0043] Finally, it should be emphasized that the embodiments provided above are only for clearly illustrating the technical solutions of the invention and should not be regarded as limiting the invention.

Claims

1. A novel wet foam material for underground dust removal, characterized in that: The wet foam foaming material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 25-40% of nonionic surfactant, 20-40% of anionic surfactant, 10-20% of foam stabilizer, 5-10% of wetting agent, 5-10% of hygroscopic inorganic salt coagulant, and 5-10% of emulsifier.

2. A novel wet foam material for underground dust removal according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nonionic surfactant includes one of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether glucoside AEG, modified alkyl glucoside APG0811, octyl glucoside APG0810, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether AEO-9 or a mixture of 2 to 4 thereof.

3. The novel wet foam material for underground dust removal according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The anionic surfactant includes sodium fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate AES.

4. The novel wet foam material for underground dust removal according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The foam stabilizer comprises one of coconut methyl monoethanolamide CMMEA, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose CMC, and hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose HEMC, or a mixture of 2 to 3 thereof.

5. The novel wet foam material for underground dust removal according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The wetting agent includes one of wetting agent JFC, wetting agent BX, and wetting agent OT-45, or a mixture of 2 to 3 of them.

6. The novel wet foam material for underground dust removal according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The hygroscopic inorganic salt coagulant includes one of sodium chloride, potassium chloride, and magnesium chloride or a mixture of two to three of them.

7. The novel wet foam material for underground dust removal according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The emulsifier includes one of ethylene glycol, glycerol, and ethanol, or a mixture of 2 to 3 of them.

8. A method for using the novel wet foam material for underground dust removal as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The steps include: The wet foam foaming material is mixed with water and fully stirred to prepare a high-concentration aqueous solution with a concentration between 30% and 50%; the obtained high-concentration aqueous solution is injected into the water tank of the dust removal nozzle in proportion to prepare a diluted aqueous solution with a concentration between 0.03% and 0.05%; the diluted aqueous solution is transported by the pipeline system and sprayed through the nozzle to form a wet foam coverage area, which effectively wraps the dust particles and achieves the purpose of reducing the dust concentration.