Anti-electromagnetic interference method for motor driving system controller

By using optocouplers and differential circuits in the motor drive system controller for isolation design, and combining the compartment technology, the impact of electromagnetic interference on the motor drive system is solved, effective protection of electromagnetic interference is achieved, and the stability of the system is ensured. Sex and reliability.

CN119136521APending Publication Date: 2024-12-13CHINA NORTH VEHICLE RES INST
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Patent Information

Application Number
CN202410720244.0
Authority / Receiving Office
CN · China
Patent Type
Applications(China)
Current Assignee / Owner
Filing Date
2024-06-05
Publication Date
2024-12-13

AI Technical Summary

Technical Problem

The motor drive systems in electric vehicles are susceptible to electromagnetic interference in high-voltage environments, resulting in controller failure, especially in complex military electromagnetic environments that affect the combat effectiveness of the vehicle.

Method used

The motor drive system controller uses optocouplers and differential circuits for isolation design, combined with the compartment design, to prevent electromagnetic interference signals from entering, and to use materials with good ductility to prevent high-voltage circuit failures and liquid leakage problems of capacitor combinations.

Benefits of technology

Effective isolation and compartment design improves the anti-electromagnetic interference capability of the motor drive system controller, prevents control instability and failure, ensures the normal operation of the system, and improves reliability and repairability.

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Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of anti-electromagnetic interference, and particularly relates to an anti-electromagnetic interference method for a motor driving system controller, which comprises two parts of isolation design and bay design, and comprises the following steps: step 1, adding a photoelectric coupler between the controller and an external circuit for isolation design, and eliminating common impedance coupling interference caused by the ground; 2, adding a differential circuit to perform isolation design, and suppressing electromagnetic interference by adopting a ground circulation reduction method; 3, a main control board of the controller and an external high-voltage circuit are subjected to compartment design, unstable control caused by the fact that the main control board is subjected to external strong electromagnetic interference is avoided, and the situation that the main control board is burnt out due to high-voltage circuit faults is prevented; and step 4, carrying out compartment design on the capacitor combination and the IGBT combination to prevent the IGBT combination from being polluted and short-circuited due to electrolytic capacitor fault liquid leakage, thereby improving the reliability and maintainability of the controller. Based on the anti-electromagnetic interference technology, an effective technical approach is provided for anti-electromagnetic interference of the motor driving controller.
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Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of anti-electromagnetic interference, and in particular relates to an anti-electromagnetic interference method for a motor drive system controller. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of global information technology, electric vehicles have become the focus of contemporary automobile development. Since electric vehicles have added high-voltage power battery packs, motor drive systems, and voltage conversion systems that contain high-power switching devices, the high-voltage system in the vehicle will generate a lot of electromagnetic interference during the operation of electric vehicles, which will seriously affect the normal operation of electronic equipment in the vehicle. Especially for military vehicles, the electromagnetic environment they face when performing tasks on the battlefield is extremely complex, which greatly reduces the combat effectiveness of military vehicles.

[0003] As the most critical technology of electric vehicles, the motor drive system converts electrical energy into mechanical energy, drives the wheels to rotate and turn, and always ensures the operability and power of the vehicle. The insulated gate bipolar transistor IGBT is a power switching device inside the electric vehicle motor drive system. When the IGBT working module is in operation, it will produce a high voltage and current change rate. The high voltage and current changes will interact with the stray capacitance and inductance inside the system to form a large common-mode interference and differential-mode interference, which will interfere with the normal operation of the motor drive system controller. In severe cases, it will cause damage to the controller and make it unable to work normally.

[0004] In summary, conducting research on the anti-electromagnetic interference technology of the motor drive system controller, including isolation design and compartment design, is a key issue that needs to be solved urgently. Based on the isolation technology and compartment technology of the controller's anti-electromagnetic interference, the present invention proposes a new method for the motor drive system controller to resist electromagnetic interference, providing an effective technical means for the anti-electromagnetic interference of the motor drive system of the vehicle platform. Summary of the invention

[0005] 1. Technical issues to be resolved

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: how to propose an anti-electromagnetic interference method for a motor drive system controller.

[0007] (II) Technical solution

[0008] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides an anti-electromagnetic interference method for a motor drive system controller, the method comprising the following steps:

[0009] Step 1: Add a photocoupler between the controller and the external circuit to perform isolation design to eliminate the common impedance coupling interference caused by the ground;

[0010] Step 2: Add a differential circuit between the controller and the external circuit, perform isolation design, and use the method of reducing ground loop current to suppress electromagnetic interference;

[0011] Step 3: Design a compartment between the main control board of the controller and the external high-voltage circuit to avoid unstable control caused by strong external electromagnetic interference to the main control board and to prevent the main control board from being burned by a high-voltage circuit failure;

[0012] Step 4: Design a compartment for the capacitor combination and the IGBT combination to prevent the electrolytic capacitor from leaking and contaminating the IGBT combination, thereby causing a short circuit, thereby realizing the anti-electromagnetic interference function of the motor drive controller and ensuring the normal operation of the motor drive system.

[0013] Among them, the specific details of step one are as follows: Since the optocoupler has the significant advantages of wide bandwidth for unidirectional signal transmission, strong anti-interference ability, high insulation voltage, small size, low cost, and resistance to impact and vibration, a photocoupler is added between the controller and the external circuit to perform an isolation design to eliminate the common impedance conduction coupling interference caused by the ground.

[0014] The specific steps of step 2 are as follows: In order to reduce the electromagnetic interference problem caused by the ground loop current to the controller, a differential circuit needs to be added outside the controller to isolate the controller and suppress the external electromagnetic interference from being coupled to the controller through conduction.

[0015] Among them, the specific details of step three are as follows: a compartment is designed for the main control board of the controller and the external high-voltage circuit to avoid control instability caused by strong external electromagnetic interference on the main control board and to prevent high-voltage circuit failure from burning the main control board. The controller installation compartment is designed to be integrated and independently designed using materials with good ductility, and a controller fixing seat is provided at the bottom of the installation compartment, and control signal line holes and connector holes are provided on both sides of the installation compartment.

[0016] Among them, the step four is specifically as follows: a compartment is designed for the capacitor combination and the IGBT combination, the compartment is independently designed as an integrated whole using materials with good ductility, and a busbar connecting piece slot is set in the compartment. The compartment design can prevent the electrolytic capacitor from leaking due to failure and contaminating the IGBT combination and causing a short circuit, and suppress the external strong electromagnetic field from coupling to the controller through space, thereby realizing the anti-electromagnetic interference function of the motor drive controller and ensuring the normal operation of the motor drive system.

[0017] Wherein, the material with good ductility is copper plate.

[0018] Wherein, the method belongs to the technical field of anti-electromagnetic interference.

[0019] The method prevents electromagnetic interference signals from entering the electric drive system controller by taking isolation and compartment anti-electromagnetic interference measures.

[0020] Among them, the method is based on anti-electromagnetic interference technology, which provides an effective technical approach for the electric drive system controller to resist electromagnetic interference, thereby achieving the protection effect of the vehicle-mounted electric drive system against electromagnetic interference.

[0021] (III) Beneficial effects

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention prevents electromagnetic interference signals from entering the electric drive system controller by taking isolation and compartment anti-electromagnetic interference measures. An optocoupler is added between the controller and the external circuit for isolation design to eliminate the common impedance coupling interference caused by the ground; a differential circuit is added for isolation design, and the method of reducing ground loop current is adopted to suppress electromagnetic interference; the main control board of the controller is separated from the external high-voltage circuit to avoid control instability caused by strong external electromagnetic interference on the main control board, and to prevent the main control board from being burned by high-voltage circuit failure; the capacitor combination and the IGBT combination are separated to prevent the electrolytic capacitor from leaking and "polluting" the IGBT combination with a short circuit, thereby improving the reliability and maintainability of the controller. Based on anti-electromagnetic interference technology, the present invention provides an effective technical approach for the electric drive system controller to resist electromagnetic interference, thereby achieving the protection effect of the vehicle-mounted electric drive system against electromagnetic interference. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a design flow chart of the anti-electromagnetic interference method of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the design structure of the anti-electromagnetic interference compartment of the present invention.

[0025] Attached Figure 2 The components are marked as:

[0026] 1-controller installation compartment, 2-control signal line penetration hole, 3-controller fixing seat, 4-connector hole, 5-busbar connecting piece penetration slot, 6-capacitor combination and IGBT combination partition. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] In order to make the purpose, content and advantages of the present invention more clear, the specific implementation methods of the present invention are further described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings and examples.

[0028] The present invention belongs to the field of anti-electromagnetic interference technology, and specifically relates to an anti-electromagnetic interference method for a motor drive system controller, including two parts: isolation design and compartment design, including: step one, adding a photocoupler between the controller and the external circuit for isolation design to eliminate the common impedance coupling interference caused by the ground; step two, adding a differential circuit for isolation design, and using the method of reducing ground loop current to suppress electromagnetic interference; step three, separating the main control board of the controller from the external high-voltage circuit to avoid control instability caused by strong external electromagnetic interference on the main control board, and preventing the main control board from being burned by a high-voltage circuit failure; step four, separating the capacitor combination from the IGBT combination to prevent the electrolytic capacitor from leaking and "polluting" the IGBT combination with a short circuit, thereby improving the reliability and maintainability of the controller. Based on anti-electromagnetic interference technology, the present invention provides an effective technical approach for anti-electromagnetic interference of motor drive controllers.

[0029] like Figure 1 The design flow chart of the vehicle motor anti-electromagnetic interference method shown in the figure prevents electromagnetic interference signals from entering the electric drive system controller by adopting isolation and compartment anti-electromagnetic interference technology. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the design structure of the anti-electromagnetic interference compartment for the vehicle-mounted motor. An optocoupler is added between the controller and the external circuit for isolation design to eliminate the common impedance coupling interference caused by the ground; a differential circuit is added for isolation design, and the method of reducing ground loop current is used to suppress electromagnetic interference; the main control board of the controller is separated from the external high-voltage circuit to avoid unstable control caused by strong external electromagnetic interference on the main control board, and to prevent the main control board from being burned by high-voltage circuit failure; the capacitor combination and the IGBT combination are separated to prevent the electrolytic capacitor from leaking and "polluting" the IGBT combination with a short circuit, thereby improving the reliability and maintainability of the controller. Based on anti-electromagnetic interference technology, the present invention provides an effective technical approach for the electric drive system controller to resist electromagnetic interference, thereby achieving the protection effect of the vehicle-mounted electric drive system against electromagnetic interference.

[0030] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides an anti-electromagnetic interference method for a motor drive system controller, the method comprising the following steps:

[0031] Step 1: Add a photocoupler between the controller and the external circuit to perform isolation design to eliminate the common impedance coupling interference caused by the ground;

[0032] Step 2: Add a differential circuit between the controller and the external circuit, perform isolation design, and use the method of reducing ground loop current to suppress electromagnetic interference;

[0033] Step 3: Design a compartment between the main control board of the controller and the external high-voltage circuit to avoid unstable control caused by strong external electromagnetic interference to the main control board and to prevent the main control board from being burned by a high-voltage circuit failure;

[0034] Step 4: Design a compartment for the capacitor combination and the IGBT combination to prevent the electrolytic capacitor from leaking and contaminating the IGBT combination, thereby causing a short circuit, thereby realizing the anti-electromagnetic interference function of the motor drive controller and ensuring the normal operation of the motor drive system.

[0035] Among them, the specific details of step one are as follows: Since the optocoupler has the significant advantages of wide bandwidth for unidirectional signal transmission, strong anti-interference ability, high insulation voltage, small size, low cost, and resistance to impact and vibration, a photocoupler is added between the controller and the external circuit to perform an isolation design to eliminate the common impedance conduction coupling interference caused by the ground.

[0036] The specific steps of step 2 are as follows: In order to reduce the electromagnetic interference problem caused by the ground loop current to the controller, a differential circuit needs to be added outside the controller to isolate the controller and suppress the external electromagnetic interference from being coupled to the controller through conduction.

[0037] Among them, the specific details of step three are as follows: a compartment is designed for the main control board of the controller and the external high-voltage circuit to avoid control instability caused by strong external electromagnetic interference on the main control board and to prevent high-voltage circuit failure from burning the main control board. The controller installation compartment is designed to be integrated and independently designed using materials with good ductility, and a controller fixing seat is provided at the bottom of the installation compartment, and control signal line holes and connector holes are provided on both sides of the installation compartment.

[0038] Among them, the step four is specifically as follows: a compartment is designed for the capacitor combination and the IGBT combination, the compartment is independently designed as an integrated whole using materials with good ductility, and a busbar connecting piece slot is set in the compartment. The compartment design can prevent the electrolytic capacitor from leaking due to failure and contaminating the IGBT combination and causing a short circuit, and suppress the external strong electromagnetic field from coupling to the controller through space, thereby realizing the anti-electromagnetic interference function of the motor drive controller and ensuring the normal operation of the motor drive system.

[0039] Wherein, the material with good ductility is copper plate.

[0040] Wherein, the method belongs to the technical field of anti-electromagnetic interference.

[0041] The method prevents electromagnetic interference signals from entering the electric drive system controller by taking isolation and compartment anti-electromagnetic interference measures.

[0042] Among them, the method is based on anti-electromagnetic interference technology, which provides an effective technical approach for the electric drive system controller to resist electromagnetic interference, thereby achieving the protection effect of the vehicle-mounted electric drive system against electromagnetic interference.

[0043] In summary, the present invention proposes an anti-electromagnetic interference method for a motor drive system controller, which prevents electromagnetic interference signals from entering the electric drive system controller by taking isolation and compartment anti-electromagnetic interference measures. An optocoupler is added between the controller and the external circuit for isolation design to eliminate the common impedance coupling interference caused by the ground; a differential circuit is added for isolation design, and the method of reducing ground loop current is adopted to suppress electromagnetic interference; the main control board of the controller is separated from the external high-voltage circuit to avoid control instability caused by strong external electromagnetic interference on the main control board, and to prevent the main control board from being burned by high-voltage circuit failure; the capacitor combination and the IGBT combination are separated to prevent the electrolytic capacitor from leaking and "polluting" the IGBT combination with a short circuit, thereby improving the reliability and maintainability of the controller. Based on anti-electromagnetic interference technology, the present invention provides an effective technical approach for the electric drive system controller to resist electromagnetic interference, thereby achieving the protection effect of the vehicle-mounted electric drive system against electromagnetic interference.

[0044] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An anti-electromagnetic interference method for a motor drive system controller, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: Step 1: Add a photocoupler between the controller and the external circuit to perform isolation design to eliminate the common impedance coupling interference caused by the ground; Step 2: Add a differential circuit between the controller and the external circuit, perform isolation design, and use the method of reducing ground loop current to suppress electromagnetic interference; Step 3: Design a compartment between the main control board of the controller and the external high-voltage circuit to avoid unstable control caused by strong external electromagnetic interference to the main control board and to prevent the main control board from being burned by a high-voltage circuit failure; Step 4: Design a compartment for the capacitor combination and the IGBT combination to prevent the electrolytic capacitor from leaking and contaminating the IGBT combination, thereby causing a short circuit, thereby realizing the anti-electromagnetic interference function of the motor drive controller and ensuring the normal operation of the motor drive system.

2. The anti-electromagnetic interference method for a motor drive system controller according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific steps of step one are as follows: since the optocoupler has the significant advantages of wide bandwidth for unidirectional signal transmission, strong anti-interference ability, high insulation voltage, small size, low cost, and resistance to impact and vibration, an optocoupler is added between the controller and the external circuit to perform an isolation design to eliminate the common impedance conduction coupling interference caused by the ground.

3. The anti-electromagnetic interference method for a motor drive system controller according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step 2 is specifically as follows: In order to reduce the electromagnetic interference problem caused by the ground loop current to the controller, a differential circuit needs to be added outside the controller to isolate the controller and suppress the external electromagnetic interference from being coupled to the controller through conduction.

4. The anti-electromagnetic interference method for a motor drive system controller according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific steps of step three are as follows: a compartment is designed between the main control board of the controller and the external high-voltage circuit to avoid unstable control caused by strong external electromagnetic interference on the main control board and to prevent high-voltage circuit failure from burning the main control board. The controller installation compartment is designed as an integrated unit using materials with good ductility, and a controller fixing seat is provided at the bottom of the installation compartment, and control signal line holes and connector holes are provided on both sides of the installation compartment.

5. The anti-electromagnetic interference method for a motor drive system controller according to claim 4, characterized in that: The material with good ductility is copper plate.

6. The anti-electromagnetic interference method for a motor drive system controller according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific steps of step four are as follows: design a compartment for the capacitor combination and the IGBT combination. The compartment is independently designed as an integrated unit using materials with good ductility, and busbar connecting plate slots are set in the compartment. The compartment design can prevent the electrolytic capacitor from leaking due to failure and contaminating the IGBT combination, causing a short circuit, and inhibit the external strong electromagnetic field from coupling to the controller through space, thereby realizing the anti-electromagnetic interference function of the motor drive controller and ensuring the normal operation of the motor drive system.

7. The anti-electromagnetic interference method for a motor drive system controller according to claim 6, characterized in that: The material with good ductility is copper plate.

8. The anti-electromagnetic interference method for a motor drive system controller according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method belongs to the technical field of anti-electromagnetic interference.

9. The anti-electromagnetic interference method for a motor drive system controller according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method prevents electromagnetic interference signals from entering the interior of the electric drive system controller by taking isolation and compartment anti-electromagnetic interference measures.

10. The anti-electromagnetic interference method for a motor drive system controller according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method is based on anti-electromagnetic interference technology and provides an effective technical approach for the electric drive system controller to resist electromagnetic interference, thereby achieving the protection effect of the vehicle-mounted electric drive system against electromagnetic interference.