Air inlet channel structure

Abstract

The invention discloses an air inlet channel structure, relates to the field of hypersonic aircrafts, and aims to solve the problem of poor adaptability of an air inlet channel structure. According to the air inlet channel structure, an isolation section body is provided with a front edge, a left edge and a right edge, and the front edge is provided with a first step face; the [-shaped part comprises a wedge-shaped plate and two symmetrically arranged side plates, the inclined surface of the wedge-shaped plate and the upper surface of the isolation section main body are spliced to form a smooth surface, the end surface of the thick end of the wedge-shaped plate is provided with a second step surface, the second step surface is in lap joint fit with the first step surface, and the two side plates are in lap joint fit with the left edge and the right edge respectively; and the first fastening piece is arranged at the lap joint of the isolation section main body and the [-shaped piece. The U-shaped piece and the isolation section body are connected through the first fastening piece, the lap joint is in contact fit through the step face, gas is prevented from flowing out of a lap joint gap, meanwhile, the partial structure of the U-shaped piece which is located at the front edge and prone to ablation is conveniently replaced, and the adaptability of the structure is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of hypersonic aircraft, and particularly to an inlet structure. Background Art

[0002] The highest temperature at the leading edge stagnation point of the inlet structure of a hypersonic aircraft is close to the oncoming flow stagnation temperature. When the flight speed is Ma6 or above, the oncoming flow stagnation temperature can reach over 1800K. It is difficult to resist such high temperatures using ordinary metal or non-metal materials. In addition, for reusable wide-speed-range hypersonic aircraft, after performing a single mission, there is a certain degree of ablation deformation at the leading edge of the aircraft inlet, and local repairs are required.

[0003] Normally, the inlet is often integrally formed using high-temperature refractory metals or all-composite materials. Among them, all-composite inlets have the problems of high manufacturing costs and poor maintainability. At the leading edge of the inlet of a Ma0-10 wide-speed-range hypersonic aircraft, due to working at high temperatures for a long time, the structural thermal protection is difficult and ablation problems are likely to occur, and the structural adaptability is insufficient. At the same time, after ablation problems occur, the inlet structure needs to be replaced as a whole, increasing the manufacturing cost. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an inlet structure to improve the adaptability of the inlet structure and reduce the manufacturing cost.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solution: An inlet structure, comprising:

[0006] An isolation section main body having a front edge, a left edge, and a right edge, and a first stepped surface is provided on the front edge;

[0007] A C-shaped member, which includes a wedge plate and two symmetrically arranged side plates. The inclined surface of the wedge plate is spliced with the upper surface of the isolation section main body to form a smooth surface. The thick-end end surface of the wedge plate has a second stepped surface, and the second stepped surface is in lap joint with the first stepped surface. The two side plates are respectively in lap joint with the left edge and the right edge;

[0008] A first fastener is provided at the lap joint of the isolation section main body and the C-shaped member.

[0009] Optionally, in the above inlet structure, the base material of the C-shaped member includes tungsten infiltrated with copper, niobium tungsten alloy, C / C composite material, or C / SiC composite material;

[0010] And / or, the material of the isolation section main body includes a superalloy material.

[0011] Optionally, in the above intake duct structure, both ends of the two side plates away from the wedge plate have insertion parts, and a first groove is provided on one side of the isolation section body close to the C-shaped part, and the first groove is used for plug-in cooperation with the insertion parts.

[0012] Optionally, in the above intake duct structure, the edge of the thin end of the wedge plate is rounded, and the width of the side plate is greater than or equal to 10 times the radius of the rounded corner.

[0013] Optionally, in the above intake duct structure, it further includes an intake duct main body, which is connected to the isolation section main body.

[0014] Optionally, in the above intake duct structure, the intake duct main body includes:

[0015] A top plate, which is connected to the isolation section main body, and an included angle is formed between the plate surface of the top plate and the lower surface of the isolation section main body;

[0016] A support skeleton, which is connected to the side of the top plate away from the isolation section main body;

[0017] A nose cone, which is connected to the support skeleton, and a smooth surface is formed by splicing the upper surface of the nose cone and the plate surface of the top plate;

[0018] A first side edge, which is connected to the edge of one side of the top plate;

[0019] A second side edge, which is connected to the edge opposite to the other side of the top plate.

[0020] Optionally, in the above intake duct structure, the top plate, the nose cone, the first side edge and the second side edge are of an integrally formed structure;

[0021] Or, they are fixedly connected by insertion between the top plate and the first side edge and between the top plate and the second side edge.

[0022] Optionally, in the above intake duct structure, the materials of the nose cone, the first side edge and the second side edge all include tungsten infiltrated with copper, niobium tungsten alloy, C / C composite material or C / SiC composite material;

[0023] And / or, the surface of the top plate is coated with a high-temperature resistant material.

[0024] Optionally, in the above intake duct structure, the intake duct main body further includes a second fastener, and a plurality of second fasteners are arranged at intervals at the joints between the nose cone and the top plate, between the nose cone and the first side edge, and between the top plate and the second side edge.

[0025] Optionally, in the above intake duct structure, the nose cone has a tenon protrusion, and the support skeleton is provided with a second groove, and the second groove is in plug-in cooperation with the tenon protrusion.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, when the above technical solution is adopted, the second stepped surface of the thick end end face of the wedge-shaped plate on the C-shaped part and the first stepped surface of the front edge of the isolation section body are lapped and matched. The two symmetrically arranged side plates are respectively lapped and matched with the left edge and the right edge of the isolation section body, and are fixedly connected by the first fastener. After the installation is completed, the intake duct structure works in a high-temperature environment. The C-shaped part is the intake duct lip, and the C-shaped part located at the leading edge position preferentially contacts the high-temperature air flow. Subsequently, the temperature gradually decays and flows to the isolation section body. When the C-shaped part is ablated, compared with the traditional method of replacing the entire intake duct structure, the present application only needs to disassemble and replace the C-shaped part, which facilitates the replacement of the local structure of the area prone to ablation at the leading edge position, improves the adaptability of the intake duct structure, and avoids the manufacturing cost increase caused by the overall replacement of materials in the traditional method. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, and constitute a part of the present invention. The schematic embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention, and do not constitute an improper limitation to the present invention. In the drawings:

[0028] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of an intake duct structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 is Figure 1 a partial enlarged view;

[0030] Figure 3 is Figure 2 a bottom view of

[0031] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the C-shaped part of an intake duct structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 5 is Figure 1 a cross-sectional view of the connection between the isolation section body and the C-shaped part in

[0033] Figure 6 is Figure 1 a partial cross-sectional view of the connection between the isolation section body and the C-shaped part in

[0034] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the nose cone of an intake duct structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the support frame of an intake duct structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Fig. 9It is a schematic structural diagram of a nose cone and a support frame installed in an air intake structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Fig.10 for Fig. 9 A partial enlarged view of the middle A;

[0038] Fig.11 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of the local structure of the middle top plate.

[0039] Reference numerals:

[0040] 1-main body of the isolation section; 11-first groove; 13-countersunk hole; 2-shaped piece; 21-wedge plate; 211-second step surface; 22-side plate; 23-plug-in part; 3-first fastener; 4-air inlet main body; 41-top plate; 42-support frame; 421-second groove; 422-second mounting hole; 423-third mounting hole; 43-head cone; 431-tenon; 432-first mounting hole; 433-sunk groove; 44-first side edge; 45-second side edge; 5-second fastener; 6-third fastener; 7-fourth fastener. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects to be solved by the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0042] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or indirectly on the other element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or indirectly connected to the other element.

[0043] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "multiple" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined. The meaning of "several" is one or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0044] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

[0045] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the terms "installation", "connection", and "coupling" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0046] As Figure 1-Figure 11 shown, an air intake duct structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention includes: an isolation section main body 1, a C-shaped member 2, and a first fastener 3.

[0047] Among them, the isolation section main body 1 has a front edge, a left edge, and a right edge, and a first stepped surface is provided on the front edge; the C-shaped member 2 includes a wedge plate 21 and two parallel side plates 22. The inclined surface of the wedge plate 21 is coplanar with the upper surface of the isolation section main body 1. The thick-end end surface of the wedge plate 21 has a second stepped surface 211, and the second stepped surface 211 is lapped and matched with the first stepped surface. The two side plates 22 are respectively lapped and matched with the left edge and the right edge; the first fastener 3 is arranged at the lap joint of the isolation section main body 1 and the C-shaped member 2.

[0048] During specific implementation, as Figure 1 shown, the second stepped surface 211 on the thick-end end surface of the wedge plate 21 of the C-shaped member 2 and the first stepped surface on the front edge of the isolation section main body 1 are lapped and matched. The two parallel side plates 22 are respectively lapped and matched with the left edge and the right edge of the isolation section main body 1, and are fixedly connected by the first fastener 3. After installation, the air intake duct structure works in a high-temperature environment. The C-shaped member is the air intake duct lip, and the C-shaped member 2 located at the leading edge position first contacts the high-temperature airflow, and then the temperature gradually decays and flows to the isolation section main body 1. When the C-shaped member 2 is ablated, compared with the traditional method of replacing the entire air intake duct structure, the present application only needs to disassemble and replace the C-shaped member 2, which facilitates the local structure replacement of the area prone to ablation at the leading edge position, improves the adaptability of the air intake duct structure, and avoids the manufacturing cost increase caused by the overall replacement of materials in the traditional method.

[0049] It should be noted that traditional hypersonic inlet structures are usually made of high-temperature resistant refractory metals as a whole. The density of the material is relatively high, which leads to a large product structure mass, reduces the engine thrust-to-weight ratio performance index, and in severe cases cannot meet the overall index requirements. In addition, refractory metal materials are expensive and the manufacturing cost is relatively high; or the structure is made of all-composite materials, and the inlet structure design is mostly special-shaped. The manufacturing cost of all-composite structures is high, the processing difficulty is large and the strength is relatively low, resulting in a low strength margin of the inlet body 4 and insufficient structural adaptability; the overlap between the first step surface and the second step surface 211 can be a step surface or a multi-curved surface, etc., which is not specifically limited here, as long as the overlap between the first step surface and the second step surface 211 is a non-planar fit, the risk of high-temperature airflow flowing out from the overlap gap when passing through is reduced.

[0050] Specifically, in this embodiment, the base material of the molded part 2 includes tungsten-infiltrated copper, niobium-tungsten alloy, C / C composite material or C / SiC composite material. Of course, the molded part 2 can also be made of other materials with high heat resistance, which is not specifically limited here.

[0051] Specifically, in this embodiment, the material of the isolation section body 1 includes a high-temperature alloy material. During operation, the high-temperature airflow first flows through the wedge plate 21 on the shaped part 2, and then the temperature gradually decays during the flow and flows to the isolation section body 1. The high-temperature resistance requirement at the isolation section body 1 is lower than that at the shaped part 2. The material of the isolation section body 1 is a high-temperature alloy material. Of course, the isolation section body 1 can also be made of other materials, which are not specifically limited here, which reduces the manufacturing cost of the structure and ensures the normal operation of the intake duct structure.

[0052] Specifically, in this embodiment, the ends of the two side plates 22 away from the wedge plate 21 are provided with a plug-in portion 23, and the isolation segment body 1 is provided with a first groove 11 on the side close to the shaped member 2, and the first groove 11 is used for plugging and matching with the plug-in portion 23. The plug-in portion 23 can be a plug-in column, a plug-in block or a plug-in plate, and the structure of the plug-in portion 23 is not specifically limited here, as long as the plug-in portion 23 can be plugged and matched with the first groove 11.

[0053] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, in some embodiments, the plug-in portion 23 is connected to the side plate 22 to form an angle, and the angle opens toward the wedge plate 21. Exemplarily, the angle θ formed by the plug-in portion 23 and the side plate 22 can be 20°, 30°, 45°, etc. The angle θ formed by the plug-in portion 23 and the side plate 22 can be adjusted according to the design requirements of the actual air intake structure, and is not specifically limited here.

[0054] like Figure 6As shown, specifically, in this embodiment, the thin end edge of the wedge-shaped plate 21 is rounded, and the width of the side plate 22 is greater than or equal to 10 times the radius of the rounded corner. Wherein, the radius of the rounded corner of the thin end edge of the wedge-shaped plate 21 is R, and the width of the side plate 22 is N≥10R. Exemplarily, the width N of the side plate 22 can be 10R, 12R, 15R, etc., and the width N of the side plate 22 is not specifically limited herein. The side plate 22 has a certain width, which increases the high-temperature resistant area of the U-shaped part 2, while ensuring the structural support strength of the U-shaped part 2 and extending the service life of the U-shaped part 2.

[0055] As Figure 5 shown, specifically, in this embodiment, the intake passage structure further includes countersunk screws. A plurality of countersunk holes 13 are arranged at intervals in the overlapping area between the left edge of the isolation section main body 1 and the side plate 22 and the overlapping area between the right edge of the isolation section main body 1 and the side plate 22. The countersunk screws connect and fix the two sides of the isolation section main body 1 and the side plate 22 on the U-shaped part 2 through the countersunk holes 13, ensuring the connection reliability of the intake passage structure.

[0056] As Figure 1 shown, specifically, in this embodiment, the intake passage structure further includes an intake passage main body 4, which is connected to the isolation section main body 1.

[0057] As Figure 1 shown, specifically, in this embodiment, the intake passage main body 4 includes: a top plate 41, a support skeleton 42, a nose cone 43, a first side edge 44, and a second side edge 45. The top plate 41 is connected to the isolation section main body 1, and an angle is formed between the plate surface of the top plate 41 and the lower surface of the isolation section main body 1; the support skeleton 42 is connected to the side of the top plate 41 away from the isolation section main body 1; the nose cone 43 is connected to the support skeleton 42, and the upper surface of the nose cone 43 is spliced with the plate surface of the top plate 41 to form a smooth surface; the first side edge 44 is connected to the edge of one side of the top plate 41; the second side edge 45 is connected to the edge opposite to the other side of the top plate 41.

[0058] During operation, the nose cone 43, the first side edge 44, and the second side edge 45 located at the outer edge are in contact with the high-temperature airflow. Due to the small curvature radius, large heat flux density, and high temperature of the leading edge structure, ablation and deformation are likely to occur. If structural problems occur in some areas or the high-temperature airflow has high requirements for the high-temperature resistance of the structure, only the nose cone 43, the first side edge 44, or the second side edge 45 needs to be replaced accordingly, without replacing the entire structure of the intake passage main body 4, reducing the manufacturing cost and improving the adaptability of the intake passage structure.

[0059] In some embodiments, the top plate 41, the first side edge 44, and the second side edge 45 are integrally formed structures, reducing the installation process.

[0060] As Fig.11As shown, in other embodiments, the top plate 41 and the first side edge 44 and the top plate 41 and the second side edge 45 are plugged and fixed. The first side edge 44 and the second side edge 45 at the edge are detachably connected to the top plate 41 at the center area, so that the area prone to ablation problems can be replaced in time.

[0061] Specifically, in this embodiment, the materials of the nose cone 43, the first side edge 44 and the second side edge 45 all include tungsten-infiltrated copper, niobium-tungsten alloy, C / C composite material or C / SiC composite material. During operation, the high-temperature airflow first flows through the nose cone 43, the first side edge 44 and the second side edge 45 near the edge, and the temperature of the structure gradually decays. The high-temperature resistance requirement at the top plate 41 is lower than that at the nose cone 43, the first side edge 44 and the second side edge 45. Only when the materials at the nose cone 43, the first side edge 44 and the second side edge 45 are all tungsten-infiltrated copper, niobium-tungsten alloy, C / C composite material or C / SiC composite material, the thermal protection of the air intake structure can be ensured. Of course, other materials can also be used, which are not specifically limited here, thereby reducing the manufacturing cost of the structure.

[0062] Specifically, in this embodiment, the surface of the top plate 41 is covered with a high temperature resistant material to ensure thermal protection of the structure at the top plate 41 .

[0063] like Figure 1 As shown, specifically, in this embodiment, the air inlet main body 4 further includes a second fastener 5, and a plurality of second fasteners 5 are arranged at intervals at the connection between the nose cone 43 and the top plate 41, between the top plate 41 and the first side edge 44, and between the top plate 41 and the second side edge 45. The second fasteners 5 ensure the connection tightness between the nose cone 43 and the top plate 41, between the top plate 41 and the first side edge 44, and between the top plate 41 and the second side edge 45, thereby improving the reliability and stability of the structure and preventing the airflow from flowing out of the connection gap.

[0064] like Figure 7-Figure 9 As shown, specifically, in this embodiment, the head cone 43 has a tenon 431, and the support frame 42 is provided with a second groove 421, and the second groove 421 is plugged with the tenon 431. The head cone 43 is installed on the support frame 42 by plugging the tenon 431 with the second groove 421; wherein, after the second groove 421 and the tenon 431 are plugged, the head cone 43 can be fixedly connected to the support frame 42 by bonding, threading or other methods, which are not specifically limited here.

[0065] like Figure 7-Figure 9As shown, specifically, in this embodiment, the upper convex surface of the tenon 431 is provided with a first mounting hole 432, and the bottom of the second groove 421 is provided with a second mounting hole 422 corresponding to the position of the first mounting hole 432, and the air intake structure further includes a third fastener 6, which passes through the first mounting hole 432 and the second mounting hole 422 in sequence. After the tenon 431 and the second groove 421 are plugged and matched, the third fastener 6 passes through the first mounting hole 432 and the second mounting hole 422 in sequence to connect and fix the support frame 42 and the head cone 43, thereby ensuring the connection reliability and stability of the structure.

[0066] like Figure 7-10 As shown, specifically, in this embodiment, a recessed groove 433 is provided on the upper surface of the head cone 43, the guide of the recessed groove 433 is parallel to the installation direction of the third fastener 6, a third installation hole 423 corresponding to the position of the recessed groove 433 is provided on the support frame 42, and the air intake structure also includes a fourth fastener 7, and the fourth fastener 7 passes through the recessed groove 433 and the third installation hole 423 in sequence. After the tenon 431 is plugged and matched with the second groove 421, the fourth fastener 7 passes through the recessed groove 433 and the third installation hole 423 in sequence, and the support frame 42 and the head cone 43 are connected and fixed, ensuring the connection reliability and stability of the structure, and the recessed groove 433 forms an operation window on the head cone 43, which is convenient for the staff to install the fourth fastener 7.

[0067] In some embodiments, the air inlet structure further includes a seal, which covers the operating window. After the support frame 42 and the nose cone 43 are installed, the seal is covered on the operating window left by the sink 433 to fill the operating window so that there is no depression on the surface of the operating window and the surface of the nose cone 43. The seal can be high-temperature sealant or other materials that can ensure the sealing of the structure at the sink 433, which is not specifically limited here.

[0068] like Figure 8 and Fig. 9 As shown, specifically, in this embodiment, a plurality of third mounting holes 423 are provided, and the plurality of third mounting holes 423 are spaced apart and distributed on the outer edge of the second groove 421 to ensure the connection reliability between the head cone 43 and the supporting frame 42 .

[0069] In the description of the above embodiments, specific features, structures, materials or characteristics may be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0070] The above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An air inlet structure, characterized in that, it includes: An isolation section body having a front edge, a left edge, and a right edge, and a first stepped surface is provided on the front edge; A C-shaped member, the C-shaped member includes a wedge plate and two symmetrically arranged side plates, the inclined surface of the wedge plate is spliced with the upper surface of the isolation section body to form a smooth surface, the thick end end surface of the wedge plate has a second stepped surface, and the second stepped surface is in lap joint with the first stepped surface, and the two side plates are respectively in lap joint with the left edge and the right edge; A first fastener is provided at the lap joint of the isolation section body and the C-shaped member.

2. The air inlet structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, the base material of the C-shaped member includes tungsten infiltrated copper, niobium tungsten alloy, C / C composite material or C / SiC composite material; and / or, the material of the isolation section body includes superalloy material.

3. The air inlet structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, both ends of the two side plates away from the wedge plate have insertion parts, and a first groove is provided on the side of the isolation section body close to the C-shaped member, and the first groove is used for plugging and matching with the insertion parts.

4. The air inlet structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, the thin end edge of the wedge plate is rounded, and the width of the side plate is greater than or equal to 10 times the radius of the rounded corner.

5. The air inlet structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, it further includes an air inlet duct body connected to the isolation section body.

6. The air inlet structure according to claim 5, characterized in that, the air inlet duct body includes: A top plate connected to the isolation section body, and an included angle is formed between the plate surface of the top plate and the lower surface of the isolation section body; A support skeleton connected to the surface of the top plate away from the isolation section body; A nose cone connected to the support skeleton, and the upper surface of the nose cone is spliced with the plate surface of the top plate to form a smooth surface; A first side edge, the first side edge is connected to the edge of one side of the top plate; A second side edge, the second side edge is connected to the opposite edge of the other side of the top plate.

7. The air inlet structure according to claim 6, characterized in that, the top plate, the first side edge and the second side edge are of an integrally formed structure; or, the top plate and the first side edge and the top plate and the second side edge are plugged and fixed.

8. The air inlet structure according to claim 6, characterized in that, the materials of the nose cone, the first side edge and the second side edge all include tungsten infiltrated copper, niobium tungsten alloy, C / C composite material or C / SiC composite material; and / or, the surface of the top plate is coated with a high-temperature resistant material.

9. The air inlet structure according to claim 6, characterized in that, the air inlet duct body further includes a second fastener, and a plurality of second fasteners are spaced apart at the joints between the nose cone and the top plate, between the top plate and the first side edge, and between the top plate and the second side edge.

10. The air inlet structure according to claim 6, characterized in that, The head cone has a tenon protrusion, and the support frame is provided with a second groove, and the second groove is plug-fitted with the tenon protrusion.

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