Application of nano boron oxide as wheat seed initiator and initiation method

Abstract

The invention provides application of nano boron oxide as a wheat seed initiator and an initiation method, and belongs to the technical field of crop cultivation. The initiating method provided by the invention comprises the following steps: preparing a 0.04-0.2 g / L nano boric oxide solution initiator, and mixing seeds and the initiator according to the ratio of 1g: (0.5-1.5) mL for initiating. The nano boron oxide can effectively prevent the wheat from absorbing and accumulating heavy metal cadmium, reduce the content of the heavy metal cadmium in grains, and control the accumulation amount of boron in the wheat to avoid boron poisoning.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of crop cultivation, and in particular relates to the application of nano boron oxide as a wheat seed initiator and an initiation method. Background Art

[0002] Cadmium (Cd) is a heavy metal with high biotoxicity among farmland pollutants. It has strong biomobility, non-degradability, high toxicity, and enrichment. It is easily absorbed by plants and enters the food chain, affecting human and animal health. The concentration of Cd in food varies, but plant foods such as cereals and vegetables are usually the largest source of chronic Cd intake for humans. Wheat is one of the most important food crops in my country and has a strong ability to accumulate Cd, which increases human health risks through the food chain. Therefore, in order to ensure food safety and control health risks, effective measures need to be taken to reduce the accumulation of Cd in wheat.

[0003] Boron (B) is an essential trace element for plants and is related to the integrity and function of cell membranes and cell walls, nitrogen metabolism, and the absorption of other nutrients. Studies have shown that in addition to promoting plant growth and reducing the effects of abiotic stress on plant growth, the application of exogenous B can also inhibit the absorption of Cd by plants. Currently, most studies apply exogenous B by adding it to the nutrient solution, spraying it on the leaves, and applying it to the soil. For example, Chinese patent CN113273417A discloses the application of soil and foliar boron fertilizers in inhibiting the absorption, storage, and transport of Cd by winter wheat. In this invention, the application of B fertilizer has a tendency to increase the Cd content in different parts of the flowering and maturity periods; the invention patent CN109576281A discloses the application of B or B-containing substances in inhibiting the absorption of Cd by winter wheat. Specifically, the method of cultivating winter wheat in full nutrient solution shows that B treatment can significantly reduce the Cd content of a single plant and the migration coefficient of the aboveground part / root, which is beneficial to prevent the migration of Cd to other tissues except the root, and reduce the harm of Cd accumulation. It can be seen that no study has used B as a seed priming agent to explore its response to Cd in wheat.

[0004] In addition, the above-mentioned foliar control agent and soil passivator containing B have complex formulas and cumbersome production processes, and are not suitable for large-scale application in actual production. And because the range between B deficiency and toxicity in plants is very narrow, the above-mentioned application method is likely to cause excessive accumulation of B in the plant body, thereby causing plant B poisoning. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an application of nano boron oxide as a wheat seed initiator and an initiation method, which can prevent and control the accumulation of heavy metal cadmium in wheat and reduce the cadmium content in grains. The raw materials are sufficient, the price is low, and the operation is simple.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] Application of nano boron oxide as a wheat seed initiator.

[0008] Preferably, the effective concentration of the nano boron oxide is 0.04-0.2 g / L.

[0009] Preferably, the nano boron oxide blocks the accumulation of heavy metal cadmium in wheat, reduces the cadmium content in grains, and controls the accumulation of boron in wheat.

[0010] The present invention also provides a wheat seed priming method, comprising the following steps: preparing 0.04-0.2 g / L of nano boron oxide solution initiator, mixing the seeds and the initiator at a ratio of 1 g: 0.5-1.5 mL for priming.

[0011] Preferably, the method for preparing the nano-boron oxide solution initiator comprises: weighing nano-boron oxide, dissolving it in water, and ultrasonically treating it for 10-20 minutes until it is completely dissolved.

[0012] Preferably, the wheat seeds are disinfected before initiation, disinfected with 1% sodium hypochlorite solution for 5-15 minutes, washed with clean water, and dried for later use.

[0013] Preferably, the initiation is performed under light-protected conditions.

[0014] Preferably, the initiating day and night temperature is 26-30°C / 24-26°C, and the humidity is 70%-75%.

[0015] Preferably, the initiation time is ≥16 h, until the wheat seeds are fully imbibed.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] The present invention provides an application of nano boron oxide as a wheat seed initiator and an initiation method thereof. Nano boron oxide can effectively prevent and control the enrichment and transport of heavy metal cadmium in wheat, reduce the content of heavy metal cadmium in grains, and control the accumulation of boron in wheat to avoid boron poisoning; and the raw material of nano boron oxide is green, environmentally friendly, abundant and inexpensive. The seed initiation method is convenient to operate, economical and effective, and is not easy to cause secondary pollution to the soil environment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 The effects of different concentrations of nano-boron oxide solutions on the Cd content of various organs of wheat;

[0019] Figure 2 This is the effect of different concentrations of nano-boric oxide solution on the Cd enrichment coefficient and transport coefficient of various organs of wheat. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The invention provides application of nano boron oxide as a wheat seed initiator.

[0021] In the present invention, the effective concentration of nano boron oxide (25°C) is preferably 0.04-0.2g / L, more preferably 0.1-0.2g / L, and more preferably 0.2g / L. Nano boron oxide (B2O3 NPs) can prevent wheat from enriching and transporting heavy metal cadmium, reduce the cadmium content in grains, and make the cadmium content in grains meet the standards of the National Food Safety Standard Limits of Contaminants in Food (GB2762-2022, Cereal Cd Limit 0.1mg·kg -1 ).

[0022] In the present invention, the preferred method for preparing the nano-boron oxide solution initiator comprises: weighing the nano-boron oxide and dissolving it in water, and ultrasonically treating it for 10-20 minutes until it is completely dissolved.

[0023] The present invention also provides a wheat seed priming method, comprising the following steps: preparing 0.04-0.2g / L of nano boron oxide solution initiator, mixing and initiating at a ratio of 1g:0.5-1.5mL of seeds and initiator, further preferably the concentration of the nano boron oxide solution is 0.1-0.2g / L, more preferably 0.2g / L; further preferably the mixing ratio of seeds and initiator is 1g:0.8-1.2mL, more preferably 1g:1mL. As an implementable method, a culture dish is selected, 2 layers of filter paper are laid on the bottom layer, seeds are laid, and evenly placed on the filter paper, and then a layer of plastic wrap is covered on the top of the culture dish, and an appropriate amount of initiator is added to the culture medium for initiation.

[0024] In the present invention, the wheat seeds are preferably disinfected before initiation, disinfected with 1% sodium hypochlorite solution for 5-15 minutes, washed with clean water, and dried for later use; more preferably, the disinfection is performed for 10 minutes. As an implementation method, the moisture is absorbed with absorbent paper (filter paper) for later use.

[0025] In the present invention, the initiation is preferably carried out under light-proof conditions; the preferred day and night temperature for initiation is 26-30°C / 24-26°C, more preferably 28 / 25°C; the preferred initiation humidity is 70%-75%, more preferably 72-73%. As an embodiment, seed initiation is carried out in an incubator.

[0026] In the present invention, the initiation time is preferably ≥ 16 h, until the wheat seeds are fully imbibed.

[0027] The technical solutions provided by the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments, but they should not be construed as limiting the protection scope of the present invention.

[0028] Example 1

[0029] A wheat seed priming method, comprising the following steps:

[0030] Weigh 0.1g of nano-boron oxide, add it to 500mL (25℃) water, ultrasonicate for 20min until completely dissolved, and prepare a 0.2g / L nano-boron oxide solution as a wheat seed initiator; select uniform and plump wheat seeds, disinfect them with 1% sodium hypochlorite solution for 10min, wash them repeatedly with deionized water, and use filter paper to absorb the water for later use; mix the wheat seeds with the nano-boron oxide solution in a ratio of 1g:1mL for initiation, place them in an incubator, set the day and night temperature to 28℃ / 25℃, and the humidity to 73%; initiate for ≥16h until the wheat seeds are completely imbibed and the initiation is completed.

[0031] Example 2

[0032] A wheat seed priming method, comprising the following steps:

[0033] Weigh 0.05g of nano-boron oxide, add it to 500mL (25°C) water, ultrasonicate for 15min until completely dissolved, and prepare a 0.1g / L nano-boron oxide solution as a wheat seed initiator; select uniform and plump wheat seeds, disinfect them with 1% sodium hypochlorite solution for 5min, wash them repeatedly with deionized water, and use filter paper to absorb the water for later use; mix the wheat seeds with the nano-boron oxide solution in a ratio of 1g:1mL for initiation, place them in an incubator, set the day and night temperature to 26°C / 24°C, and the humidity to 75%; initiate for ≥16h until the wheat seeds are completely imbibed and the initiation is completed.

[0034] Example 3

[0035] A wheat seed priming method, comprising the following steps:

[0036] Weigh 0.02g of nano-boron oxide, add it to 500mL (25℃) water, ultrasonicate for 10min until completely dissolved, and prepare 0.04g / L nano-boron oxide solution as wheat seed initiator; select uniform and plump wheat seeds, disinfect them with 1% sodium hypochlorite solution for 15min, wash them repeatedly with deionized water, and use filter paper to absorb the water for later use; mix the wheat seeds with the nano-boron oxide solution in a ratio of 1g:1mL for initiation, place them in an incubator, set the day and night temperature to 30℃ / 26℃, and the humidity to 70%; initiation is ≥16h, until the wheat seeds are completely imbibed and the initiation is completed.

[0037] Example 4

[0038] 1. Initiator preparation

[0039] The molar mass of boron oxide nanoparticles (B2O3 NPs) is 69.62 g·mol -1, weigh 0.025g, 0.050g, and 0.10g (the error does not exceed ±0.0002g) and add them into 500mL (25℃) water, stir evenly, and prepare the concentration to 0.05g·L -1 , 0.1g·L -1 and 0.2 g·L -1 B2O3 NPs initiator.

[0040] 2. Experimental Design

[0041] The field plot experiment was conducted in Aoping Town, Pengzhou City, Sichuan Province. The background value of Cd in the soil was 0.536 mg kg -1 The experiment set up four treatments: CK, T1, T2, and T3, with corresponding triggering concentrations of 0 and 0.05 g·L -1 , 0.1g·L -1 and 0.2 g·L -1 . Select full and uniform wheat seeds, and sow them in each plot after seed priming treatment (Example 1). According to local planting habits, apply 0.75 kg of compound fertilizer (total nutrients ≥ 51%, N-P2O5-K2O = 17-17-17) as base fertilizer per plot and evenly spread it in each plot. After the wheat matures, harvest it according to the 5-point sampling method.

[0042] 3. Data Collection

[0043] The root, stem, leaf and grain samples of wheat under each treatment were collected separately, withered and dried to constant weight. Each sample was crushed and sieved using a small grinder, and 1g was weighed. A mixed acid (8mL HNO3 and 2mL HClO4) was added for digestion for 12h, and the samples were placed on a graphene hot plate at 220℃ until they were digested and clarified. After cooling to room temperature, the digestion solution was diluted to 25ml with 2% HClO4, and then filtered (0.45μm) into a clean 10mL centrifuge tube. The Cd content in the filtrate was determined using an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP-MS).

[0044] 4. Test results

[0045] Effects of different concentrations of nano-boron oxide seed priming on Cd content in various parts of wheat are shown in Figure 1. Compared with CK, nano-boron oxide seed priming treatment can reduce the Cd content of various organs of wheat, and the higher the treatment concentration, the lower the Cd content of each organ. When the priming concentration is T1, there is no significant difference in the Cd content in roots, stems and grains compared with the control (P>0.05), and the Cd content in leaves is significantly lower than that in the control (19.70%, P<0.05). When the concentration reaches T2, the Cd content in roots, leaves and grains decreases by 35.04%, 23.53% and 43.79%, respectively, which is significantly lower than that in CK (P>0.05), and the Cd content in stems has no significant change compared with CK (12.8%, P>0.05). When treated with T3, the Cd content in roots, stems, leaves and grains is significantly reduced (40.09%, 27.9%, 29.47%, 52.03%, P<0.05). Therefore, the nano-boron oxide seed priming agent treated with T3 has the most significant effect in reducing Cd.

[0046] Effects of seed priming on Cd enrichment factor (BCF) and transport factor (TF) of wheat organs Figure 2 As shown. Figure 2 a It can be seen that wheat roots have the strongest Cd enrichment capacity, followed by leaves, and BCF grains have the lowest. In the T1 treatment, only BCF leaves showed significant differences compared with CK (P<0.05). In the T2 treatment, BCF grains, BCF leaves and BCF roots decreased by 49.31%, 23.53% and 35.04%, respectively, which were significantly different from CK (P<0.05), while the decrease in stems did not reach a significant level. When the seed priming concentration reached T3, the enrichment coefficients of roots, stems, leaves and grains all decreased significantly (40.09%, 17.27%, 29.74% and 56.74%, P<0.05). Figure 2 b It can be seen that nano-boron oxide seed initiator can reduce the transport capacity of wheat to cadmium, and the transport coefficient decreases with the increase of initiator concentration. 根-茎 The transport coefficients of other organs were not significantly different from those of CK. 茎-叶 With TF 根-茎 Significantly decreased (14.35%, 40.73%, P<0.05). 叶-籽粒 The overall change was not significant (P>0.05), indicating that nano-boron oxide seed priming treatment can significantly reduce the biological translocation of Cd in wheat.

[0047] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. Application of nano boron oxide as wheat seed initiator.

2. The use according to claim 1, characterized in that: The effective concentration of the nano boron oxide is 0.04-0.2 g / L.

3. The use according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nano boron oxide prevents and controls the accumulation of heavy metal cadmium in wheat, reduces the cadmium content in grains, and controls the accumulation of boron in wheat.

4. A wheat seed priming method, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Prepare 0.04-0.2g / L of nano boron oxide solution initiator, and mix the seeds and initiator at a ratio of 1g:0.5-1.5mL for initiation.

5. The initiation method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The method for preparing the nano boron oxide solution initiator comprises: weighing the nano boron oxide, dissolving it in water, and ultrasonically treating it for 10-20 minutes until it is completely dissolved.

6. The initiation method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The wheat seeds are disinfected before initiation, disinfected with 1% sodium hypochlorite solution for 5-15 minutes, washed with clean water, and air-dried for later use.

7. The initiation method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The initiation was carried out under light-protected conditions.

8. The initiation method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The initiating day and night temperature is 26-30°C / 24-26°C, and the humidity is 70%-75%.

9. The initiation method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The initiation time is ≥16h, until the wheat seeds are fully imbibed.

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