Vehicle warning device

Abstract

The invention discloses a vehicle warning apparatus. The vehicle warning device comprises a shell, a sound production unit and a net cover, the sound production unit is arranged in the shell, the sound production unit comprises a vibrating diaphragm which vibrates along a vibration axis extending front and back, and the vibrating diaphragm is provided with a front face facing the front and a back face facing the back; the mesh cover covers the front surface of the vibrating diaphragm; the mesh enclosure comprises a fixing ring, a grating part and a shielding part, and the fixing ring is connected with the shell; the grating part is located between the fixing ring and the shielding part, the fixing ring surrounds the grating part, the grating part surrounds the shielding part, and the grating part is provided with a plurality of grating holes for air circulation; a middle hole for air circulation is formed in the middle of the shielding part; and a resonant cavity for changing the sound wave direction is formed between the shielding part and the vibrating diaphragm. The vehicle warning device has high intermediate frequency sensitivity.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of loudspeakers and relates to a vehicle warning device, in particular to a vehicle warning device used in an electric vehicle and capable of emitting pedestrian warning sounds. Background Art

[0002] For new energy vehicles, such as electric cars, since they do not use internal combustion engines, the cars are quite quiet when driving at low speeds. When a car is driving behind pedestrians, pedestrians often cannot notice the existence of the car, which increases the probability of a traffic accident. Therefore, the external vehicle warning device is an indispensable part of new energy vehicles. It is used to issue a pedestrian warning device to remind pedestrians that the vehicle is approaching. Moreover, since the external vehicle warning device is directly exposed outside the vehicle, it is easily disturbed by external environmental factors. For example, the applicant's patent CN208585167U discloses a pedestrian warning device with a mesh cover, which can protect the internal components of the pedestrian warning device and does not affect the performance of the pedestrian warning device. However, the sound playback effect of the existing pedestrian warning devices in the mid- and high-frequency bands still has room for improvement, and the performance needs to be optimized.

[0003] The above information disclosed in the Background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the background of the present application and therefore it may contain information that does not constitute the prior art that is already known to a person of ordinary skill in the art. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides a vehicle warning device, which has a high intermediate frequency sensitivity and can be used as a pedestrian warning device and a horn.

[0005] The present invention provides a vehicle warning device, comprising a shell, a sound-emitting unit and a mesh cover, wherein the sound-emitting unit is arranged in the shell, and the sound-emitting unit comprises a diaphragm that vibrates along a vibration axis extending front to back, and the diaphragm has a front side facing the front and a back side facing the rear; the mesh cover covers the front side of the diaphragm; the mesh cover comprises a fixing ring, a grille portion and a shielding portion, and the fixing ring is connected to the shell; the grille portion is located between the fixing ring and the shielding portion, the fixing ring surrounds the grille portion, the grille portion surrounds the shielding portion, and the grille portion has a plurality of grille holes for air circulation; a middle hole for air circulation is provided in the middle of the shielding portion; a resonance cavity for changing the direction of sound waves is formed between the shielding portion and the diaphragm.

[0006] In a preferred embodiment, in the diameter direction of the mesh cover, the ratio of the total width of the shielding portion to the diameter of the mesh cover is greater than 0.5.

[0007] In a more preferred embodiment, the ratio of the total width of the shielding portion to the diameter of the mesh cover is 0.55 to 0.95; further, 0.6 to 0.8.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment, the center hole extends along the vibration axis, and the center hole has an outward expansion section adjacent to the diaphragm and a uniform section farther away from the diaphragm, the aperture of the outward expansion section gradually decreases from back to front along the vibration axis, and the aperture of the uniform section is equal to the minimum aperture of the outward expansion section.

[0009] In a more preferred embodiment, the middle portion of the diaphragm has an upwardly arched spherical top portion, the hole wall of the expansion section is located above the spherical top portion, and the shape of the hole wall is a part of a spherical surface matching the spherical top portion.

[0010] In a more preferred embodiment, the ratio of the aperture of the uniform section to the total width of the shielding portion is less than 0.25.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, the shielding portion has an inner surface opposite to the front side of the diaphragm, and the inner surface of the shielding portion and the front side of the diaphragm are parallel to each other; the shielding portion has an outer surface facing forward, and the outer surface is a plane perpendicular to the vibration axis.

[0012] In a more preferred embodiment, the diaphragm has a truncated cone-shaped cone, the inner surface is located above the cone, and the inner surface is a conical surface matching the shape of the cone.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment, in the diameter direction of the mesh cover, the ratio of the total width of the grille portion to the median width of the shielding portion is less than 0.25; and the grille portion is provided with one or more circles of grille holes.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment, the shell includes a frame and a back cover, the magnetic drive assembly of the sound unit is arranged on the frame, the back cover is connected to the frame and seals the rear end of the frame, a closed rear cavity is formed between the back cover and the frame, and the rear cavity is connected to the internal cavity of the sound unit; the sound unit also includes a positioning support plate, the positioning support plate is connected between the voice coil of the sound unit and the frame, the frame is provided with a mounting protrusion, and the positioning support plate is restricted on the inner side of the mounting protrusion; the frame is provided with a slot, and the front piece of the magnetic drive assembly is stuck in the slot; the T iron of the magnetic drive assembly has a cylindrical portion extending forward, the outer diameter of the front end portion of the cylindrical portion is smaller than the outer diameter of the main body of the cylindrical portion, and the cylindrical portion is provided with a through hole extending forward and backward.

[0015] The present invention adopts the above scheme and has the following advantages:

[0016] The vehicle warning device of the present invention adopts a shielding part with a closed structure in the middle part of the mesh cover, and a resonance cavity is formed between the shielding part and the diaphragm main body (cone). The sound wave changes its propagation direction in the resonance cavity, and resonance is formed in the resonance cavity, so that the medium and high frequency sound waves are carried out in a wider space, and the whole sound field is also changed, thereby improving the sensitivity of the medium and high frequencies (1KHz~4KHz), so that it can be used as a pedestrian warning device and a horn, saving the horn in traditional vehicles. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the accompanying drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other accompanying drawings can be obtained based on these accompanying drawings without paying creative work.

[0018] Figure 1 FIG. 4 is a top view of a vehicle warning device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Sectional view along AA direction.

[0020] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A partial enlarged view of point A in the middle.

[0021] Figure 4 The figure is an exploded view of a vehicle warning device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 5 The figure is a three-dimensional diagram of a mesh cover according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 6 The figure is a front view of a mesh cover according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view of a mesh cover according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 8 It is a structural diagram of a vehicle warning device of a comparative example. Fig. 9 1 and 2 are frequency response curves of the vehicle warning devices of the embodiment and the comparative example.

[0026] In the above figures,

[0027] 1. housing; 11. frame; 111. hollow portion; 112. mounting protrusion; 113. card slot; 12. back cover; 13. back cavity;

[0028] 2. Sound unit; 21. Diaphragm; 211. Dome; 212. Cone; 22. Voice coil; 23. Positioning support; 24. Magnetic drive assembly; 241. T iron; 2411. Column; 2412. Groove; 2413. Through hole; 242. Magnetic steel; 243. Front plate;

[0029] 3. mesh cover; 31. fixing ring; 32. grille portion; 321. grille hole; 33. shielding portion; 331. recessed portion; 34. middle hole; 341. hole wall;

[0030] 4. Resonance cavity. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings so that the advantages and features of the present invention can be more easily understood by those skilled in the art. It should be noted that the description of these embodiments is used to help understand the present invention, but does not constitute a limitation of the present invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0032] In this article, "inside" and "outside" are defined with reference to the vibration axis (center line of the voice coil) of the vehicle warning device, and the direction closer to the vibration axis is the inside, and the opposite is the outside. The directional words "upper" and "lower" are intended to facilitate the understanding of the structure of the vehicle warning device by those skilled in the art, and are not used to limit the direction of the vehicle warning device after installation (for example, installation in a vehicle).

[0033] Figures 1 to 7 The drawings are drawn in true proportion. To keep the specification concise, the proportions of each component are not listed one by one. However, the proportions and positions of each component should be regarded as part of the content of this specification.

[0034] Example

[0035] The present embodiment provides a vehicle warning device, specifically a pedestrian warning device installed on a new energy vehicle, which is typically a battery-powered electric vehicle. The vehicle warning device is used to emit one or more warning sounds, including a pedestrian warning sound played to pedestrians outside the vehicle when the vehicle is traveling at a low speed, and the pedestrian warning sound is a simulated sound of a traditional car engine. The vehicle warning device is generally installed outside the vehicle compartment (such as at the vehicle bumper) to radiate sound outside the vehicle. Furthermore, the vehicle warning device of the present embodiment also takes into account the function of a traditional whistle horn and can emit a whistle horn sound. Therefore, the vehicle warning device of the present embodiment realizes the function of playing pedestrian warning sounds and whistle horn sounds through the same sound-emitting unit (speaker).

[0036] Reference Figures 1 to 7As shown, the vehicle warning device includes a housing 1, a sound unit 2 and a mesh cover 3. The sound unit 2 is arranged in the housing 1, and the sound unit 2 is specifically a speaker. The sound unit 2 includes a diaphragm 21, and the diaphragm 21 vibrates along a vibration axis extending forward and backward, and the vibration axis is ideally coincident with the center line of the voice coil 22 of the sound unit 2. The diaphragm 21 has a front side facing forward and a back side facing backward. The mesh cover 3 covers the front side of the diaphragm 21, and the traditional function of the mesh cover 3 is to protect the relatively fragile internal components such as the diaphragm 21 of the sound unit 2. In this embodiment, the mesh cover 3 includes a fixing ring 31, a grille portion 32 and a shielding portion 33 arranged in sequence from the outside to the inside. The fixing ring 31 is connected to the housing 1; the grille portion 32 is located between the fixing ring 31 and the shielding portion 33, the fixing ring 31 surrounds the grille portion 32, and the grille portion 32 surrounds the shielding portion 33. The grille portion 32 has a plurality of grille holes 321 for air circulation, and a middle hole 34 for air circulation is provided in the middle of the shielding portion 33. In this embodiment, a resonance cavity 4 for changing the direction of sound waves is formed between the shielding portion 33 and the diaphragm 21, and the setting of the resonance cavity 4 can improve the sensitivity of sound reproduction in the mid- and high-frequency bands.

[0037] In the diameter direction of the mesh cover 3, the ratio of the total width of the shielding portion 33 to the diameter of the mesh cover 3 is greater than 0.5. Figure 7 As shown, the total width of the shielding portion 33 = W1 + W2; that is, the total width of the shielding portion 33 is twice the distance between the inner and outer edges of the shielding portion 33. Preferably, the ratio of the total width of the shielding portion 33 to the diameter of the mesh cover 3 is 0.55-0.95; further 0.6-0.8.

[0038] The middle hole 34 extends along the vibration axis, and the middle hole 34 has an outward expansion section adjacent to the diaphragm 21 and a uniform section farther from the diaphragm 21. The aperture of the outward expansion section gradually decreases from back to front along the vibration axis, and the aperture of the uniform section is equal to the minimum aperture of the outward expansion section. Specifically, the shape of the uniform section is cylindrical as a whole, and the outward expansion section is generally an outward expansion bell-mouth structure. Among them, the ratio of the aperture of the uniform section to the total width of the shielding portion 33 is less than 0.25; preferably 0.1 to 0.2.

[0039] Furthermore, the middle part of the diaphragm 21 has a dome 211 that arches upward, and the hole wall 341 of the expansion section is located above the dome 211, and the shape of the hole wall 341 is a part of a spherical surface that matches the dome 211. The hole wall 341 of the expansion section and the dome 211 are arranged roughly in parallel. The shielding portion 33 has an inner surface opposite to the front of the diaphragm 21, and the inner surface of the shielding portion 33 and the front of the diaphragm 21 are parallel to each other. The shielding portion 33 has an outer surface facing forward, and the outer surface is a plane perpendicular to the vibration axis.

[0040] In this embodiment, the diaphragm 21 has a truncated cone-shaped cone 212, and the inner surface of the shielding portion 33 is located above the cone 212, and the inner surface is a conical surface that matches the shape of the cone 212. Figure 6 As shown, a plurality of recessed portions 331 are provided on the shielding portion 33 , and the recessed portions 331 extend upward from the inner surface of the shielding portion 33 , so as to maximize the volume of the resonance cavity 4 while maintaining the inner surface as a cone as a whole.

[0041] The grille portion 32 is provided with one or more circles of grille holes 321. Figure 5 As shown, in this embodiment, two circles of grille holes 321 are provided, the multiple grille holes 321 of the outer circle are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the mesh cover 3, and the multiple grille holes 321 of the inner circle are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the mesh cover 3, and the grille holes 321 are spaced apart from each other by connecting ribs. In the diameter direction of the mesh cover 3, the ratio of the total width of the grille portion 32 to the middle width of the shielding portion 33 is less than 0.25; preferably 0.1 to 0.2.

[0042] The housing 1 specifically includes a frame 11 and a back cover 12. The frame 11 includes an outer tube and a bracket fixed to the inner side of the outer tube. The back cover 12 is connected to the rear end of the outer tube and closes the rear end of the frame 11, so that a closed rear cavity 13 is formed between the back cover 12 and the frame 11. The sound unit 2 is mounted on the bracket, and the outer edge of the mesh cover 3 is fixed to the upper end of the bracket and / or the outer tube, and the outer edge (hanging edge) of the diaphragm 21 is clamped between the mesh cover 3 and the frame 11. Among them, the magnetic drive assembly 24 of the sound unit 2 is fixedly arranged in the bracket of the frame 11, for example, by glue bonding. The magnetic drive assembly 24 specifically includes a T iron 241, a magnetic steel 242 and a front piece 243. The frame 11 is provided with a card slot 113, and the front piece 243 of the magnetic drive assembly 24 is stuck in the card slot 113, and the two are fixed to each other. The magnetic steel 242 and the front piece 243 are fixedly connected, for example, by glue bonding. The T iron 241 and the magnetic steel 242 are fixedly connected, for example, by glue bonding. The T-iron 241 of the magnetic drive assembly 24 has a cylindrical portion 2411 extending forward, and the rear end portion (coil portion) of the voice coil 22 is inserted into the gap between the front plate 243 and the cylindrical portion 2411. Furthermore, the outer diameter of the front end portion of the cylindrical portion 2411 is smaller than the outer diameter of the main body of the cylindrical portion, so that there is an annular groove 2412, and the rear end portion of the voice coil 22 can be inserted into the annular groove 2412 movably along the front and rear directions. The cylindrical portion 2411 is provided with a through hole 2413 extending forward and backward. The bracket of the frame 11 is provided with a plurality of hollow portions 111; the rear cavity 13 and the internal cavity of the sound unit 2 are connected through these hollow portions 111 and the through holes 2413. Furthermore, a short-circuit ring (copper sleeve) can be placed in the annular groove 2412, which can make the sensitivity of the sound unit 2 higher.

[0043] The sound unit 2 further includes a positioning support 23, which is connected between the voice coil 22 of the sound unit 2 and the frame 11. Further, the frame 11 is provided with a mounting protrusion 112, and the positioning support 23 is restricted inside the mounting protrusion 112. Specifically, the mounting protrusion 112 surrounds the positioning support 23 to form a circular shallow groove, and the positioning support 23 is arranged in the shallow groove.

[0044] Comparative Example

[0045] like Figure 8 As shown, the housing and the sound unit of the vehicle warning device of the comparative example are the same as those of the embodiment, and the only difference is the mesh cover 3. In the comparative example, the mesh cover adopts a traditional shutter structure, and the grille holes are evenly distributed on the main body of the mesh cover.

[0046] Performance Evaluation

[0047] Under the same test conditions (same specifications of the sound unit 2 and same excitation signals), the sound effect test of the two vehicle warning devices of the embodiment and the comparative example was carried out. Fig. 9 As shown in the figure, it can be seen that in the frequency band of 1KHz to 4KHz, the average sensitivity of the frequency response curve of the vehicle warning device of the embodiment is about 9dB higher than the average sensitivity of the comparative example.

[0048] The vehicle warning device of this embodiment adopts a shielding portion 33 of a closed structure in the middle of the mesh cover 3, and a resonance cavity 4, namely a Holm Hertz resonance cavity, is formed between the shielding portion 33 and the main body of the diaphragm 21 (cone 212). The sound wave changes its propagation direction in the resonance cavity 4, and resonance is formed in the resonance cavity 4, so that the medium and high frequency sound waves are carried out in a wider space, and the whole sound field is also changed, thereby improving the sensitivity of the medium and high frequencies (1KHz~4KHz), so that it can serve as a pedestrian warning device and a horn, saving the horn in traditional vehicles.

[0049] As shown in this specification and claims, the terms "comprises" and "includes" only indicate the inclusion of explicitly identified steps and elements, and these steps and elements do not constitute an exclusive list, and the method or device may also include other steps or elements.

[0050] It is further understood that in the present disclosure, "plurality" refers to two or more than two, and other quantifiers are similar thereto.

[0051] It is further understood that the terms "first", "second", etc. are used to describe various information, but such information should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish the same type of information from each other, and do not indicate a specific order or degree of importance. In fact, the expressions "first", "second", etc. can be used interchangeably. For example, without departing from the scope of the present disclosure, the first information can also be referred to as the second information, and similarly, the second information can also be referred to as the first information.

[0052] The above embodiment is only for illustrating the technical concept and features of the present invention, and is a preferred embodiment. Its purpose is to enable people familiar with this technology to understand the content of the present invention and implement it accordingly, and it cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A vehicle warning device, comprising a housing, a sound unit and a mesh cover, wherein the sound unit is arranged in the housing, the sound unit comprises a diaphragm vibrating along a vibration axis extending forward and backward, the diaphragm having a front side facing forward and a back side facing backward; the mesh cover covers the front side of the diaphragm; characterized in that, The mesh cover includes a fixing ring, a grille portion and a shielding portion, the fixing ring is connected to the shell; the grille portion is located between the fixing ring and the shielding portion, the fixing ring surrounds the grille portion, the grille ring portion surrounds the shielding portion, the grille portion has a plurality of grille holes for air circulation; a middle hole for air circulation is provided in the middle of the shielding portion; a resonance cavity for changing the direction of sound waves is formed between the shielding portion and the diaphragm.

2. The vehicle warning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the diameter direction of the mesh cover, the ratio of the total width of the shielding portion to the diameter of the mesh cover is greater than 0.

5.

3. The vehicle warning device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The ratio of the total width of the shielding portion to the diameter of the mesh cover is 0.55 to 0.

95.

4. The vehicle warning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The center hole extends along the vibration axis, and has an outward expansion section adjacent to the diaphragm and a uniform section farther from the diaphragm. The aperture of the outward expansion section gradually decreases from back to front along the vibration axis, and the aperture of the uniform section is equal to the minimum aperture of the outward expansion section.

5. The vehicle warning device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The middle part of the diaphragm has a spherical top portion that arches upwards, the hole wall of the expansion section is located above the spherical top portion, and the shape of the hole wall is a part of a spherical surface that matches the spherical top portion.

6. The vehicle warning device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The ratio of the aperture of the uniform section to the total width of the shielding portion is less than 0.

25.

7. The vehicle warning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shielding portion has an inner surface opposite to the front surface of the diaphragm, and the inner surface of the shielding portion and the front surface of the diaphragm are parallel to each other; the shielding portion has an outer surface facing forward, and the outer surface is a plane perpendicular to the vibration axis.

8. The vehicle warning device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The diaphragm has a truncated cone-shaped cone, the inner surface is located above the cone, and the inner surface is a conical surface matching the shape of the cone.

9. The vehicle warning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the diameter direction of the mesh cover, the ratio of the total width of the grille portion to the median width of the shielding portion is less than 0.25; and one or more circles of grille holes are arranged on the grille portion.

10. The vehicle warning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shell includes a frame and a back cover, the magnetic drive assembly of the sound unit is arranged on the frame, the back cover is connected to the frame and seals the rear end of the frame, a closed rear cavity is formed between the back cover and the frame, and the rear cavity is connected to the internal cavity of the sound unit; the sound unit also includes a positioning support, the positioning support is connected between the voice coil of the sound unit and the frame, the frame is provided with a mounting protrusion, and the positioning support is restricted on the inner side of the mounting protrusion; the frame is provided with a slot, and the front piece of the magnetic drive assembly is stuck in the slot; the T iron of the magnetic drive assembly has a columnar portion extending forward, the outer diameter of the front end of the columnar portion is smaller than the outer diameter of the main body of the columnar portion, and the columnar portion is provided with a through hole extending forward and backward.

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