Method for restoring and repairing granitic plaster exterior facing of building and application

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of granitic plaster exterior facing restoration and repairing, and particularly relates to a building granitic plaster exterior facing restoration and repairing method and application. The method for restoring and repairing the granitic plaster exterior facing of the building comprises the following steps that mixed cement paste is applied to a base layer with an old facing removed, and final setting and maintenance are conducted; hoisting a vertical part, plastering a mortar cake, sleeving a square part, finding a rule, filling ribs according to the elevation of the mortar cake, brushing mixed cement paste, smearing bottom layer mortar, and finally setting; according to the size of the drawing, snapping lines, adhering division strips and setting water dripping strips; then, mixed cement paste is brushed firstly, then a first wet material is scraped, and the first wet material and the dividing strips are flattened to complete the process; the mixed cement paste comprises cement, glue A and glue B; the glue A comprises polyvinyl formal glue, and the glue B comprises polyvinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer emulsion; the wet material comprises mixed cement paste, stone grains and water. By adding a specific type of building glue, the adhesive property and waterproof property of granitic plaster wall stone can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of restoration and repair of water-brushed stone exterior facings, and in particular relates to a method and application of restoration and repair of water-brushed stone exterior facings of buildings. Background Art

[0002] The water-brushed stone process was widely used in the exterior decoration of traditional Lingnan buildings in the 1960s. As time goes by, the water-brushed stone walls of old buildings are old and have different degrees of defects, which are in urgent need of repair. Traditional water-brushed stone is made by mixing stone and cement, and then brushing the cement on the surface with a brown brush dipped in clean water to expose the stone. After that, it is easy for the stone to fall off after being washed by rain, which greatly reduces the beauty of the old buildings. In addition, the traditional water-brushed stone exterior wall construction process does not have a waterproof effect, the stone bonding strength is not ideal, and the water-brushed stone wall is prone to hollowing and falling stones.

[0003] The methods for restoring and repairing traditional water-brushed stone walls include: a. Treatment of the base wall; b. Applying a cement mortar bonding layer; c. Applying a plain cement slurry bonding layer mixed with construction glue; d. Laying a cement gravel finishing layer and brushing the surface with water. However, traditional water-brushed stone walls have hollows and cracks, and the traditional water-brushed stone exterior wall construction process does not have a waterproof effect, the stone bonding strength is not ideal, and the water-brushed stone walls are prone to hollowing and falling stones, and the finished products are often damaged. In addition, when traditional water-brushed stone walls are made into shaped water-brushed stone walls, they have poor flatness, poor shape, and poor aesthetics.

[0004] Therefore, it is of great significance to provide a method for restoring and repairing the exterior facing of a building with water-brushed stone, which has good stone bonding performance on the wall and good exterior waterproof performance. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention aims to solve one or more technical problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, and at least provide a beneficial choice or create conditions. Specifically, the present invention provides a method for restoring and repairing the water-brushed stone exterior facing of a building, wherein the water-brushed stone wall surface obtained has good stone bonding performance and good exterior wall waterproof performance.

[0006] The inventive concept of the present invention: The method for restoring and repairing the exterior facing of a building with water-brushed stone of the present invention comprises the following steps: (1) base treatment: applying mixed cement slurry to the base after removing the old facing, and then final setting and curing; (2) applying base mortar: hanging vertically, applying plaster cakes, fitting squares, finding rules, reinforcing according to the elevation of the plaster cakes, and then first brushing the mixed cement slurry, and then applying base mortar, and final setting; (3) marking lines, dividing grids, sticking dividing grid strips and drip strips: marking lines, sticking dividing grid strips, and setting drip strips according to the size of the drawing; (4) construction of the facing wet material layer: first brushing the mixed cement slurry, and then scraping the first layer of wet material, smoothing it with the dividing grid strips, and completing; the mixed cement slurry comprises cement, glue A and glue B; the glue A comprises polyvinyl alcohol formal glue, and the glue B comprises polyvinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer emulsion; the wet material comprises the mixed cement slurry, stone rice and water. The present invention improves the bonding force of the base layer, the plastering base layer, and the facing wet material layer by adding specific types of building glue A and B during the base layer treatment, the base layer mortar, and the surface layer wet material mixing process, and strengthens the bonding between the base wall and the new facing layer, thereby avoiding the phenomenon of hollowing and falling due to insufficient bonding force of the new mortar due to residual yellow mud and plastering of varying thicknesses after the old facing is removed. At the same time, by adding specific types of building glue A and B during the base layer treatment, the base layer mortar and the surface layer wet material mixing process, a waterproof layer can be formed after the glue is condensed and hardened in each process, and the waterproof layer generated by the hardening of the glue in the surface wet material layer directly covers the stone rice, thereby improving the waterproof performance of the water-brushed stone exterior wall on the basis of the original water-brushed stone construction process and extending the service life of the repaired building.

[0007] Therefore, a first aspect of the present invention provides a method for restoring and repairing the exterior facing of a building using water-brushed stone.

[0008] Specifically, the method for restoring and repairing the water-brushed stone exterior facing of a building comprises the following steps:

[0009] (1) Base treatment: Apply mixed cement slurry to the base after removing the old surface, and then final set and maintain;

[0010] (2) Applying the bottom mortar: hanging vertically, applying the plaster cake, fitting the square, finding the rules, filling the reinforcement according to the elevation of the plaster cake, and then applying the mixed cement slurry first, then applying the bottom mortar, and finally setting;

[0011] (3) Marking lines, dividing grids, and attaching dividing strips and drip strips: Marking lines, attaching dividing strips, and installing drip strips according to the size of the drawing;

[0012] (4) Construction of the finishing wet material layer: first brush the mixed cement slurry, then scrape the first layer of wet material, smooth it with the grid strips, and complete it;

[0013] The mixed cement slurry comprises cement, glue A and glue B;

[0014] The glue A comprises polyvinyl formal glue, and the glue B comprises polyvinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer emulsion;

[0015] The wet material includes the mixed cement slurry, stone and water.

[0016] Preferably, the glue A comprises 107 building glue.

[0017] Preferably, the glue B includes 903 building glue.

[0018] Preferably, the base mortar comprises the mixed cement slurry, sand and water.

[0019] Preferably, in the base mortar, the mass ratio of the mixed cement slurry, sand and water is 1:(0.8-1.2):(5.0-7.0); further preferably, in the base mortar, the mass ratio of the mixed cement slurry, sand and water is 1:(0.9-1.1):(5.5-6.5); further preferably, in the base mortar, the mass ratio of the mixed cement slurry, sand and water is 1:1:6.

[0020] Preferably, in the mixed cement slurry, the mass ratio of the cement, glue A and glue B is (0.8-1.2): (0.8-1.2): 0.1; further preferably, in the mixed cement slurry, the mass ratio of the cement, glue A and glue B is (0.9-1.1): (0.9-1.1): 0.1; further preferably, in the mixed cement slurry, the mass ratio of the cement, glue A and glue B is 1:1:0.1.

[0021] Preferably, in the wet material, the mass ratio of the mixed cement slurry, stone and water is (0.8-1.2): (0.8-1.2): 0.1; further preferably, in the wet material, the mass ratio of the mixed cement slurry, stone and water is (0.9-1.1): (0.9-1.1): 0.1; further preferably, in the wet material, the mass ratio of the mixed cement slurry, stone and water is 1:1:0.1.

[0022] Preferably, in step (1), watering and curing are performed after final setting until the mixed cement slurry is firmly adhered to the base layer, that is, the cement slurry blocks do not fall off when broken by hand, and then primer is applied.

[0023] Specifically, the primer is applied with a base layer of mortar.

[0024] Preferably, in step (1), after the base layer is treated, a wire mesh is also hung.

[0025] Preferably, in step (2), the specific process of hanging vertically, applying plaster cakes, fitting squares, and finding rules is: use a large plumb line to hang vertically from the top floor, after stretching the wire, use a theodolite to draw vertical lines in the vertical direction of the large corners of the exterior wall and both sides of the door and window openings according to the vertical requirements of the wire, and apply plaster cakes in layers according to the vertical lines to find rules, so that the horizontal and vertical directions are flat and consistent.

[0026] Preferably, in step (2), the mixed cement slurry is first applied, and then the base mortar is applied layer by layer.

[0027] Preferably, in step (2), after applying the base mortar, a large bar is used to scrape it horizontally and vertically, and a wooden trowel is used to rub the hair, and watering and curing are carried out after the final setting.

[0028] Preferably, step (3) specifically comprises: marking the grids according to the size of the drawing, gluing the grid strips, the surface of the grid strips should be flat, the lines should be horizontal and vertical, and the lines should be aligned. In accordance with the provisions of GB 50210-2018 "Quality Acceptance Standards for Building Decoration and Renovation Projects", drip strips should be set at the bottom of the window sills, window lintels, and simply supported beams protruding from the exterior wall.

[0029] Preferably, in step (4), after scraping the first layer of wet material, it is leveled with the grid strips in two passes from bottom to top, and its flatness is checked with a small bar. If the wet material layer is higher than the grid strips, the wet material layer is flattened and compacted.

[0030] The second aspect of the present invention provides an application of the method for restoring and repairing the water-brushed stone exterior facing of a building described in the first aspect of the present invention in the field of construction.

[0031] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0032] The present invention improves the bonding force between the base layer, the plastering base layer, and the facing wet material layer by adding specific types of building glue A and B during the base layer treatment, the base layer mortar, and the surface layer wet material mixing process, and strengthens the bonding between the base wall and the new facing layer, thereby avoiding the phenomenon of hollowing and falling off caused by the residual yellow mud and plastering of different thicknesses after the old facing is removed. At the same time, by adding specific types of building glue A and B during the base layer treatment, the base layer mortar and the surface layer wet material mixing process, a waterproof layer can be formed after the glue is condensed and hardened in each process, and the waterproof layer generated by the hardening of the glue in the surface wet material layer directly covers the stone rice, which greatly improves the waterproof performance of the water-brushed stone exterior wall on the basis of the original water-brushed stone construction process and prolongs the service life of the repaired building. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 The bonding performance and waterproof performance results of Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1-2 after the base layer is treated;

[0034] Figure 2 The bonding performance and waterproof performance results of the plastering bottom layer of Example 1 of the present invention and Comparative Examples 3-4 are shown in FIG.

[0035] Figure 3 The results of the bonding performance and waterproof performance of the finishing wet material layer of Example 1 and Comparative Examples 5-6 of the present invention are shown in the figure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] In order to make the technical scheme of the present invention more clearly understood by those skilled in the art, the following embodiments are listed for illustration. It should be pointed out that the following embodiments do not limit the protection scope of the present invention.

[0037] Unless otherwise specified, the raw materials, reagents or devices used in the following examples can be obtained from conventional commercial sources or by existing known methods.

[0038] The main component of the 107 building glue in the embodiments of the present invention and the comparative example is polyvinyl alcohol formal glue, which is purchased from Chongqing Haojishijia New Building Materials Co., Ltd.; the main component of the 903 building glue is polyvinyl alcohol formal glue, which is purchased from Shijiazhuang Changan Chaoli Decoration Materials Factory.

[0039] Example 1

[0040] A method for restoring and repairing a water-brushed stone exterior facing of a building, comprising the following steps:

[0041] (1) Base treatment: Remove the old surface. The base wall is a concrete slab. When treating the base, spray mixed cement slurry (mixed with cement, 107 construction glue, and 903 construction glue in a mass ratio of 1:1:0.1). After final setting, water and maintain until the mixed cement slurry is firmly attached to the concrete slab (the cement slurry blocks will not fall off when broken by hand). After hanging the 10×10mm steel wire mesh, the primer (applying the base mortar) can be applied.

[0042] (2) Hang vertically, apply plaster cakes, match squares, and find rules: For multi-story buildings, use a special large plumb line to hang vertically from the top floor, and after stretching the wire, apply plaster cakes in layers according to the vertical requirements of the wire at large corners and both sides of door and window openings; use a theodolite to draw vertical lines in vertical directions such as large corners and door and window openings, and apply plaster cakes in layers according to the vertical lines to find rules so that the horizontal and vertical directions are flat and consistent;

[0043] (3) Construction of plastering base layer: When applying the base layer mortar, the base layer treatment has been completed and a 10×10mm steel wire mesh is hung. According to the height of the mortar cake applied in step (2), a layer of mixed cement slurry is first applied (the mixed cement slurry is made by mixing cement, 107 construction glue, and 903 construction glue in a mass ratio of 1:1:0.1). Then, the base layer mortar is applied layer by layer (the base layer mortar is made by mixing mixed cement slurry: sand: water in a mass ratio of 1:1:6, and the mixed cement slurry is made by mixing cement, 107 construction glue, and 903 construction glue in a mass ratio of 1:1:0.1). After applying the base layer mortar, it is promptly scraped horizontally and vertically with a large bar, and rubbed with a wooden trowel. After final setting, it is watered and cured to obtain a plastered base layer.

[0044] (4) Marking lines, dividing grids, and attaching dividing strips and drip strips: Marking lines and attaching strips according to the dimensions on the drawings. The surface of the dividing strips should be flat, with the lines horizontally and vertically aligned. In accordance with the provisions of GB 50210-2018 "Quality Acceptance Standards for Building Decoration and Renovation Projects", drip strips should be installed at the bottom of window sills, window lintels, and simply supported beams protruding from the exterior wall;

[0045] (5) Construction of the finishing wet material layer: The wet material is made of stone, mixed cement slurry and water in a mass ratio of 1:1:0.1, and the mixed cement slurry is the same as step (3). The amount of water added when mixing the wet material is 10% of the total water consumption to improve the molding effect; scrape the first layer of wet material and smooth it with the dividing strips in two passes from bottom to top, and check its flatness with a small bar in time. The wet material layer should be 1mm higher than the dividing strips, and then flatten and compact the wet material layer to obtain the finishing wet material layer, completing the restoration and repair.

[0046] Example 2

[0047] The only difference between Example 2 and Example 1 is that the mass ratio of cement, 107 construction glue, and 903 construction glue mixed in the mixed cement slurry when applying the base mortar in Example 2 is 0.8:0.8:0.1, and the rest is the same as Example 1.

[0048] Example 3

[0049] The only difference between Example 3 and Example 1 is that the mass ratio of cement, 107 construction glue, and 903 construction glue mixed in the mixed cement slurry of the finishing wet material layer of Example 3 is 0.8:0.8:0.1, and the rest is the same as Example 1.

[0050] Comparative Example 1

[0051] Compared with Example 1, Comparative Example 1 only performs step (1), and the mixed cement slurry in Comparative Example 1 is prepared by mixing cement: 107 building glue at a mass ratio of 1:1.1, that is, an equal amount of 107 building glue is used to replace 903 building glue.

[0052] Comparative Example 2

[0053] Compared with Example 1, Comparative Example 2 only performs step (1), and the mixed cement slurry in Comparative Example 2 is prepared by mixing cement and 903 construction glue in a mass ratio of 1:1.1, that is, an equal amount of 903 construction glue is used to replace 107 construction glue.

[0054] Comparative Example 3

[0055] Compared with Example 1, Comparative Example 3 only performs steps (1), (2) and (3), and steps (1) and (2) are the same as those of Example 1, except that the mixed cement slurry in the base mortar in step (3) of Comparative Example 3 is prepared by mixing cement and 107 building glue in a mass ratio of 1:1.1, that is, an equal amount of 107 building glue is used to replace 903 building glue.

[0056] Comparative Example 4

[0057] Compared with Example 1, Comparative Example 4 only performs steps (1), (2) and (3), and steps (1) and (2) are the same as those of Example 1, except that the mixed cement slurry in the base mortar in step (3) of Comparative Example 4 is prepared by mixing cement and 903 building glue in a mass ratio of 1:1.1, that is, an equal amount of 903 building glue is used to replace 107 building glue.

[0058] Comparative Example 5

[0059] The only difference between Comparative Example 5 and Example 1 is that in Comparative Example 5, the mixed cement slurry in the wet material of step (5) is prepared by mixing cement and 107 building glue in a mass ratio of 1:1.1, that is, an equal amount of 107 building glue is used to replace 903 building glue, and the rest is the same as Example 1.

[0060] Comparative Example 6

[0061] The only difference between Comparative Example 6 and Example 1 is that in Comparative Example 6, the mixed cement slurry in the wet material of step (5) is prepared by mixing cement and 903 construction glue in a mass ratio of 1:1.1, that is, an equal amount of 903 construction glue is used to replace 107 construction glue, and the rest is the same as Example 1.

[0062] Performance Testing

[0063] The bonding performance and waterproof performance of the treated base layer of Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1-2 were tested, wherein the bonding performance was tested in accordance with the provisions of T / CECS 914-2021 "Building facing stone bonding strength test standard"; the waterproof performance was tested in accordance with the provisions of JGJ / T235-2011 "Building exterior wall waterproof engineering technical specification". The results are as follows Figure 1 shown.

[0064] Depend on Figure 1It can be seen that the base layer of Example 1 has good bonding performance and waterproof performance after treatment. Comparative Example 1 does not contain construction glue 903, so its bonding performance and waterproof performance are worse than those of Example 1, especially the waterproof performance; Comparative Example 2 does not contain construction glue 107, so its bonding performance and waterproof performance are worse than those of Example 1, especially the bonding performance. It shows that the construction glue 107 and the construction glue 903 of the present invention are indispensable, and the two work together to make the base layer have good bonding performance and waterproof performance after treatment.

[0065] The bonding performance and waterproof performance of the plastering bottom layer of Example 1 and Comparative Examples 3-4 were tested, wherein the testing methods of the bonding performance and waterproof performance were the same as above. Figure 2 shown.

[0066] Depend on Figure 2 It can be seen that the plastering bottom layer in Example 1 has good bonding performance and waterproof performance. Comparative Example 3 does not contain the building glue 903, so that its bonding performance and waterproof performance are worse than those in Example 1, especially the waterproof performance; Comparative Example 4 does not contain the building glue 107, so that its bonding performance and waterproof performance are worse than those in Example 1, especially the bonding performance. This shows that the building glue 107 and the building glue 903 of the present invention are indispensable, and the two can work together to make the plastering bottom layer have good bonding performance and waterproof performance.

[0067] The bonding performance and waterproof performance of the surface wet material layer of Example 1 and Comparative Examples 5-6 were tested, wherein the testing methods of the bonding performance and waterproof performance were the same as above. Figure 3 shown.

[0068] Depend on Figure 3 It can be seen that the facing wet material layer of Example 1 has good bonding performance and waterproof performance. Comparative Example 5 does not contain building glue 903, so its bonding performance and waterproof performance are worse than those of Example 1, especially the waterproof performance; Comparative Example 6 does not contain building glue 107, so its bonding performance and waterproof performance are worse than those of Example 1, especially the bonding performance. This shows that the building glue 107 and the building glue 903 of the present invention are indispensable, and the two can work together to make the facing wet material layer have good bonding performance and waterproof performance.

[0069] The base layers of Examples 2 and 3 of the present invention also have good bonding and waterproof properties after treatment, and the plastering base layer and the facing wet material layer also have good bonding and waterproof properties.

[0070] In summary, the present invention can improve the bonding force of the base layer, the plastering base layer, and the facing wet material layer by adding a specific type of building glue during the base treatment, the application of the base mortar, and the mixing of the wet material, and strengthen the bonding between the base wall and the new plastering layer, so as to avoid the residual yellow mud and plastering of different thicknesses after the old facing is removed, resulting in the weak bonding force of the new mortar and the occurrence of hollowing and falling. In addition, the present invention adds a specific type of building glue during the base treatment, the application of the base mortar, and the mixing of the wet material. After the glue solidifies and hardens in each process, a waterproof layer will be formed. At the same time, the waterproof layer generated by the hardening of the glue in the wet material directly covers the stone rice. On the basis of the original water-brushed stone construction process, the waterproof performance of the water-brushed stone exterior wall can be greatly improved, so as to achieve the purpose of improving the bonding performance of the water-brushed stone wall stone material and improving the waterproof performance of the exterior wall, and prolonging the service life of the repaired building.

[0071] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention rather than to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solution of the present invention can be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the essence and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for restoring and repairing the exterior facing of a building with water-brushed stone, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (1) Base treatment: Apply mixed cement slurry to the base after removing the old surface, and then final set and cure; (2) Applying the bottom mortar: hanging vertically, applying plaster cakes, fitting squares, finding rules, filling reinforcement according to the elevation of the plaster cakes, and then applying the mixed cement slurry first, then applying the bottom mortar, and finally setting; (3) Marking lines, dividing grids, and attaching dividing strips and drip strips: Marking lines, attaching dividing strips, and installing drip strips according to the size of the drawing; (4) Construction of the finishing wet material layer: first brush the mixed cement slurry, then scrape the first layer of wet material, smooth it with the grid strips, and complete it; The mixed cement slurry comprises cement, glue A and glue B; The glue A comprises polyvinyl formal glue, and the glue B comprises polyvinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer emulsion; The wet material includes the mixed cement slurry, stone and water.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The base mortar comprises the mixed cement paste, sand and water.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that In the bottom mortar, the mass ratio of the mixed cement slurry, sand and water is 1:(0.8-1.2):(5.0-7.0).

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the mixed cement slurry, the mass ratio of the cement, glue A and glue B is (0.8-1.2):(0.8-1.2):0.

1.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that In the wet material, the mass ratio of the mixed cement slurry, stone and water is (0.8-1.2):(0.8-1.2):0.

1.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that In step (1), watering and curing are carried out after the final setting until the mixed cement slurry is firmly adhered to the base layer, and then primer is applied.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that In step (2), the specific process of hanging vertically, applying plaster cakes, fitting squares, and finding rules is: use a large plumb line to hang vertically from the top floor, after stretching the wire, use a theodolite to draw vertical lines in the vertical direction of the large corners of the exterior wall and both sides of the door and window openings according to the vertical requirements of the wire, and apply plaster cakes in layers according to the vertical lines to find rules, so that the horizontal and vertical directions are flat and consistent.

8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that In step (2), after applying the base mortar, a large bar is used to scrape it horizontally and vertically, and a wooden trowel is used to rub the surface, and watering and curing are carried out after the final setting.

9. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (4), after scraping the first layer of wet material, smooth it with the grid strips in two passes from bottom to top, and check its flatness with a small bar. If the wet material layer is higher than the grid strips, then flatten and compact the wet material layer.

10. Application of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 9 in the field of construction.

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