Fuel heat pump

Abstract

The invention provides a fuel heat pump which has a heating mode and is characterized in that the fuel heat pump comprises at least one engine, a first compressor, a second heat exchanger, a first throttling device, an air suction pipeline, an exhaust pipeline, a flue, a liquid pipeline, at least one refrigerant pump and a first gas pipeline, the flue is connected with the engine, and a first flue gas heat exchanger is arranged in the flue; flue gas generated by operation of the engine flows through the first flue gas heat exchanger in the flue, the engine drives the first compressor to work, the refrigerant pump is connected with the liquid pipeline, the second heat exchanger is connected with the first gas pipeline and the liquid pipeline, and refrigerant liquid from the liquid pipeline is pressurized through the refrigerant pump and then flows into the first flue gas heat exchanger. Refrigerant liquid absorbs smoke heat of the first smoke heat exchanger and cylinder sleeve heat of the engine in the flowing process, becomes overheated working gas, enters the second heat exchanger through the first gas pipeline to become refrigerant liquid, and then flows into the liquid pipeline to complete a cycle.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of heating and air conditioning, and in particular relates to a fuel heat pump. Background Art

[0002] Gas or liquid fuel driven engine heat pumps have a lot of waste heat and waste heat sources that are much higher than the evaporation temperature, such as cylinder liner and flue gas heat sources. The traditional way of using these heat sources is to apply them to evaporator heat exchange or hot water heating, which does not fully utilize the quality of the heat sources. For example, the engine cylinder liner and flue gas waste heat of air conditioners that use gas engines to drive compressors are generally absorbed by the refrigerant in the evaporator during heating, and need to be compressed by the compressor.

[0003] Patent CN104620063A discloses an engine driven heat pump cooler, in which the engine heat recovery device acts as a refrigerant evaporator using the engine heat as a heat source via a heat medium, and acts as an evaporator like an air heat exchanger using air as a heat source. The engine heat recovery device needs to be equipped with an electronic expansion valve and a flow regulating valve, which will increase the power consumption of the compressor.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to develop a fuel heat pump with high thermal efficiency, strong heating capacity and reasonable structural design. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention is made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and aims to provide a fuel heat pump with strong heating capacity, high thermal efficiency, reasonable structure and high reliability.

[0006] The present invention provides a fuel heat pump with a heating mode and the following characteristics, including: at least one engine, a first compressor, a second heat exchanger, a first throttling device, an air intake pipeline, an exhaust pipeline, a flue, a liquid pipeline, at least one refrigerant pump and a first gas pipeline. The flue is connected to the engine, and a first flue gas heat exchanger is arranged in the flue. The flue gas generated by the operation of the engine flows through the first flue gas heat exchanger in the flue. The engine drives the first compressor to work, the refrigerant pump is connected to the liquid pipeline, and the second heat exchanger is connected to the first gas pipeline and the liquid pipeline. After the refrigerant liquid from the liquid pipeline is pressurized by the refrigerant pump, the refrigerant liquid absorbs the flue gas heat of the first flue gas heat exchanger and the cylinder liner heat of the engine during the flow process, and becomes a superheated working gas. It enters the second heat exchanger through the first gas pipeline to become a refrigerant liquid, and then flows into the liquid pipeline to complete a cycle.

[0007] The fuel heat pump provided by the present invention may also have the following feature: wherein the first flue gas heat exchanger is a flue gas-refrigerant heat exchanger or a flue gas-cylinder jacket water heat exchanger.

[0008] The fuel heat pump provided by the present invention may also have the following feature: wherein the first flue gas heat exchanger is any one of a spiral plate type, a fin coil type, a microchannel type, a plate fin type, and a plate type heat exchanger.

[0009] The fuel heat pump provided by the present invention may also have the following characteristics: at least one ejector and one expander are installed in the first gas pipeline, and the working gas drives the ejector and / or the expander to work.

[0010] The fuel heat pump provided by the present invention may also have the following features, including: at least one ejector and expander are installed in the first gas pipeline, and the working gas drives the ejector and / or expander to work.

[0011] The fuel heat pump provided by the present invention may also have such features, including: an economizer, a third flue gas heat exchanger and a second throttle valve, at least one of the first compressor and the second compressor has an air supply port, the third flue gas heat exchanger is arranged downstream of the first flue gas heat exchanger in the flue, the third flue gas heat exchanger and the economizer are connected with the second throttle valve and the air supply port, the refrigerant liquid is divided into two paths and flows out from the liquid pipeline, one path flows into the economizer, and the other path flows through the third flue gas heat exchanger and the economizer after being throttled by the second throttling device, the refrigerant is heated and evaporated by the flue gas in the third flue gas heat exchanger, and the remaining refrigerant liquid in the economizer is cooled in the economizer, and becomes refrigerant gas and then flows back to the air supply port.

[0012] The fuel heat pump provided by the present invention may also have the following feature: wherein the ejector is connected to the first compressor and / or the second compressor to eject the refrigerant gas sucked into the connecting pipeline of the first compressor and / or the second compressor.

[0013] The fuel heat pump provided by the present invention may also have the following feature: the expander is connected to the engine or the first compressor to jointly drive the first compressor.

[0014] The fuel heat pump provided by the present invention may also have the following features: a second flue gas heat exchanger is arranged in the flue, and the second flue gas heat exchanger is located downstream of the first flue gas heat exchanger. The flue gas generated by the operation of the engine in the flue flows through the first flue gas heat exchanger and the second flue gas heat exchanger in the flue in sequence. The second flue gas heat exchanger is any one of a flue gas-refrigerant heat exchanger, a smoke gas-cylinder jacket water heat exchanger, and a smoke gas-hot water heat exchanger.

[0015] The fuel heat pump provided by the present invention may also have the following feature: after the refrigerant liquid from the liquid pipeline is pressurized by the refrigerant pump, the refrigerant liquid absorbs the flue gas heat of the second flue gas heat exchanger, the cylinder liner heat of the engine, and the flue gas heat of the first flue gas heat exchanger during the flow process, and becomes a refrigerant superheated working gas.

[0016] The fuel heat pump provided by the present invention may also have the following feature: the liquid pipelines before and after the refrigerant pump include at least one refrigerant valve.

[0017] The fuel heat pump provided by the present invention may also have the following feature: at least one of the refrigerant pump and the refrigerant valve has a refrigerant flow rate regulating function.

[0018] The fuel heat pump provided by the present invention may also have such a feature, and also includes: at least one refrigerant gas temperature sensor for measuring the temperature of the refrigerant in the first gas pipeline; and at least one refrigerant pressure sensor for measuring the pressure of the refrigerant in the first gas pipeline, and regulating the refrigerant flow rate flowing through the first gas pipeline based on the signals of the refrigerant gas temperature sensor and the refrigerant pressure sensor.

[0019] The fuel heat pump provided by the present invention may also have such features, including: a first heat exchanger and at least one electric compressor, the electric compressor is connected to the exhaust pipe and the intake pipe, when the electric compressor is running, the engine does not work, the refrigerant gas enters the electric compressor from the exhaust pipe, and after compression, enters the first heat exchanger through the intake pipe for condensation and supercooling.

[0020] The fuel heat pump provided by the present invention may also have such features, including: an economizer, a third flue gas heat exchanger and a second throttle valve, the first compressor has an air supply port, the third flue gas heat exchanger is arranged downstream of the first flue gas heat exchanger in the flue, the third flue gas heat exchanger and the economizer are connected with the second throttle valve and the air supply port, the refrigerant liquid is divided into two paths and flows out from the liquid pipeline, one path flows into the economizer, and the other path flows through the third flue gas heat exchanger and the economizer after being throttled by the second throttling device, the refrigerant is heated and evaporated by the flue gas in the third flue gas heat exchanger, and the remaining refrigerant liquid in the economizer is cooled in the economizer, and becomes refrigerant gas and then flows back to the air supply port.

[0021] Functions and Effects of the Invention

[0022] According to the fuel heat pump involved in the present invention, the refrigerant pump pressurizes the refrigerant liquid in the liquid pipeline, and utilizes the 85°C to 95°C heat energy of the engine cylinder liner and the 550°C to 850°C high-temperature flue gas heat energy generated by the engine operation. The two heat sources with different temperature grades heat the refrigerant liquid into a superheated working gas. The working gas can be used for condensation heat release, partial or full driving of an expander or ejector, and the like.

[0023] The fuel heat pump of the present invention has a simple structure and reliable operation. When heating in winter, the burden on the compressor is reduced and the thermal efficiency is improved. In other words, the heating output and thermal efficiency of the same compressor are increased. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 It is a connection and flow diagram of the fuel heat pump in the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 It is a connection and flow diagram of the fuel heat pump in the second embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 It is a connection and flow diagram of the fuel heat pump in the third embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 It is a connection and flow diagram of the fuel heat pump in the fourth embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 It is a connection and flow diagram of the fuel heat pump in the fifth embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 6 It is a connection and flow diagram of the fuel heat pump in the sixth embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Description of the accompanying drawings: Description of the accompanying drawings: engine 1, electric motor 1a, first compressor 2, electric compressor 2a, first heat exchanger 3, first throttle valve 5, second throttle valve 6, economizer 7, first flue gas heat exchanger 8, second flue gas heat exchanger 10, third flue gas heat exchanger 9, four-way reversing valve 13, jacket water heat exchanger 14, transmission device 18, first one-way valve 19, second one-way valve 20, third one-way valve 21, fourth one-way valve 22, drying filter 23, jacket water pipeline 41, first gas pipeline 50, suction pipeline 51, exhaust pipeline 57, first connection point 70, second connection point 71, liquid pipeline 72, refrigerant pump 73, refrigerant pump 73a, refrigerant pump 73b, refrigerant valve 74, gas temperature sensor 75, expander 85, second compressor 86, shell 88, connecting device 89, ejector 95, flue 130, jacket water pump 138. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] In order to make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects achieved by the present invention easy to understand, the following embodiments are combined with the accompanying drawings to specifically illustrate a fuel heat pump of the present invention so that those skilled in the art can better understand the present invention and implement it, but the embodiments are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0032] It should be noted that the "connection" of the present invention includes both direct connection of two components and indirect connection of two components through other components. The "valve", "check valve", "four-way reversing valve" and the like of the present invention are necessary or non-essential components. "Control cabinet", "oil separator", "lubricating oil circuit", "gas-liquid separator" and the like belong to conventional technologies and will not be described again.

[0033] <Example 1>

[0034] Figure 1 It is a connection and flow diagram of the fuel heat pump in the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a fuel heat pump 1000, including an engine 1, a first compressor 2, a first heat exchanger 3, a second heat exchanger, a first throttle valve 5, a second throttle valve 6, an economizer 7, a first flue gas heat exchanger 8, a third flue gas heat exchanger 9, a four-way reversing valve 13, a jacket water heat exchanger 14, a transmission device 18, a first switching valve 19, a second switching valve 20, a third switching valve 21, a fourth switching valve 22, a drying filter 23, a jacket water pipeline 41, a first gas pipeline 50, an intake pipeline 51, an exhaust pipeline 57, a first connection point 70, a second connection point 71, a liquid pipeline 72, a refrigerant pump 73, a refrigerant valve 74, a gas temperature sensor 75, a pressure sensor 76, a flue 130, and a jacket water pump 138.

[0036] The second heat exchanger is composed of n sub-heat exchangers 4-1, ..., and 4-n connected in parallel, where n is a positive integer greater than 1. In this embodiment, the n sub-heat exchangers 4-1, ..., and 4-n are indoor units with fan coils, valves, and controls, and may also be plate heat exchangers, shell and tube heat exchangers, etc. The sub-heat exchangers 4-1, ..., and 4-n may be operated in whole or in part.

[0037] The output end of the engine 1 is connected to the first compressor 2 through a transmission device 18, driving the first compressor 2 to compress the refrigerant gas inside the first compressor 2. The engine 1 is a naturally aspirated or turbocharged type, and the transmission device 18 is a coupling.

[0038] The engine 1 is also connected to the flue 130, and the flue gas generated by the engine 1 during operation can be discharged through the flue 130. The first flue gas heat exchanger 8 and the third flue gas heat exchanger 9 are arranged in sequence in the flue 130. The flue gas generated by the operation of the engine 1 flows through the first flue gas heat exchanger 8 and the third flue gas heat exchanger 9 in sequence in the flue 130, and the heat of the flue gas is transferred to the cylinder jacket water and the refrigerant through the first flue gas heat exchanger 8 and the third flue gas heat exchanger 9 respectively, and the flue gas after cooling is discharged to the atmosphere. Among them, the first flue gas heat exchanger 8 and the third heat exchanger 9 are one of spiral plate type, fin coil type, microchannel type, plate fin type, and plate type heat exchanger.

[0039] The engine 1 is connected to the first flue gas heat exchanger 8, the cylinder jacket water heat exchanger 14, and the cylinder jacket water pump 138 through the cylinder jacket water pipeline 41. The first flue gas heat exchanger 8 is a flue gas-cylinder jacket water heat exchanger. When the cylinder jacket water pump 138 is working, the cylinder jacket water circulates between the first flue gas heat exchanger 8, the cylinder jacket water heat exchanger 14, and the cylinder jacket of the engine 1, and discharges the heat of the first flue gas heat exchanger 8 and the cylinder jacket of the engine 1 into the refrigerant through the cylinder jacket water heat exchanger 14.

[0040] The liquid pipeline 72 generates a branch to the refrigerant pump 73 at the first connection point 70, and the liquid pipeline 72 before and after the refrigerant pump 73 includes at least one refrigerant valve 74. In this embodiment, the liquid pipeline 72 after the refrigerant pump 73 includes one refrigerant valve 74. The refrigerant pump 73, the refrigerant valve 74, the jacket water heat exchanger 14, and the first gas pipeline 50 are connected in sequence according to the refrigerant flow direction. The gas temperature sensor 75 and the pressure sensor 76 are arranged in the first gas pipeline 50, and are used to measure the temperature and pressure of the refrigerant gas in the first gas pipeline 50, respectively.

[0041] The air intake port of the first compressor 2 is connected to the first heat exchanger 3 through the air intake pipeline 51. The first heat exchanger 3, the liquid pipeline 72, the second throttle valve 6, the third flue gas heat exchanger 9, the economizer 7, and the air supply port of the first compressor 2 are connected in sequence.

[0042] The second heat exchanger is connected to the second throttle valve 6, the economizer 7, and the refrigerant pump 73 through the liquid pipeline 72. The first throttle valve 5 is connected to the economizer 7 and the first heat exchanger 3. The dry filter 23 is installed upstream of the first connection point 70 in the liquid pipeline 72. The first switching valve 19 and the second switching valve 20 are installed on the connecting pipes between the dry filter 23 and the first heat exchanger 3 and the second heat exchanger. The third switching valve 21 and the fourth switching valve 22 are installed on the connecting pipes between the first throttle valve 5 and the first heat exchanger 3 and the second heat exchanger.

[0043] The first switching valve 19 , the second switching valve 20 , the third switching valve 21 , and the fourth switching valve 22 are any of a check valve, a solenoid valve, an electric ball valve, or an electric stop valve.

[0044] The first throttle valve 5 and the second throttle valve 6 are both electronic expansion valves. The first compressor 2 is any one of an open screw compressor, an open magnetic suspension screw compressor, an open magnetic suspension centrifugal compressor or an open scroll compressor.

[0045] The thermal process of the fuel heat pump 1000 in the heating mode of this embodiment is as follows:

[0046] In the heating mode: the first switching valve 19 and the fourth switching valve 22 are in the closed state, the second switching valve 20 and the third switching valve 21 are in the flow state, and the four-way reversing valve 13 is in the heating state.

[0047] After the refrigerant liquid flows through the drying filter 23, it starts to flow out in three ways at the first connection point 70 in the liquid pipeline 72. The three ways include: in the first way, the refrigerant liquid flows to the refrigerant pump 73 at the first connection point 70. After the refrigerant liquid is pressurized by the refrigerant pump 73, it passes through the refrigerant valve 74 and flows through the cylinder jacket water heat exchanger 14. After absorbing the heat of the flue gas in the first flue gas heat exchanger 8 and the heat of the cylinder jacket of the engine 1, the refrigerant flowing out of the cylinder jacket water heat exchanger 14 is in a state of superheated working gas. The working gas flows through the first gas pipeline 50 and is connected to the exhaust pipeline 57 through the second connection point 71. The working gas converges with the exhaust gas of the first compressor 2, and then flows into the second heat exchanger through the four-way reversing valve 13 for condensation and supercooling, and the heat is removed. It is discharged into the outside air or water and becomes a refrigerant liquid to achieve the purpose of heating; in the second path, the refrigerant liquid flows through the liquid pipeline 72 and the economizer 7 in sequence. After the second refrigerant liquid in the economizer 7 is cooled, it flows through the first throttle valve 5, the third switching valve 21 and the first heat exchanger 3, absorbs heat energy from the outside air or water in the first heat exchanger 3, and then flows back to the first compressor 2 through the four-way reversing valve 13 and the intake pipeline 51. After being compressed by the first compressor 2, it converges with the third refrigerant gas entering from the air supply port and is further compressed before being discharged to the exhaust pipeline 57; in the third path, the refrigerant liquid flows through the liquid pipeline 72, the second throttle valve 6, the third flue gas heat exchanger 9, the economizer 7, and the air supply port of the first compressor 2 in sequence.

[0048] After the refrigerant gas in the exhaust pipe 57 and the first gas pipe 50 converge at the second connection point 71, they pass through the four-way reversing valve 13 together and flow to the sub-heat exchangers 4-1, ..., and sub-heat exchangers 4-n of the second heat exchanger. After condensation and supercooling and heat release in the sub-heat exchangers 4-1, ..., and sub-heat exchangers 4-n, they become refrigerant liquid. The refrigerant liquid flows to the liquid pipe 72 through the second switching valve 20, completing a cycle process.

[0049] The fuel used by the fuel heat pump 1000 of this embodiment is natural gas, hydrogen, biogas, synthetic gas or other types of fuel gas, and can also use liquid fuels such as methanol and liquid ammonia.

[0050] The thermal process of the fuel heat pump 1000 in the defrost mode of this embodiment is as follows:

[0051] In the defrost mode, the first switching valve 19 and the fourth switching valve 22 are in a flow state, the second switching valve 20 and the third switching valve 21 are in a closed state, and the four-way reversing valve 13 is in a defrost state.

[0052] After the second path in the liquid pipeline flows out of the first throttle valve 5, it flows through the fourth switching valve 22 to the sub-heat exchanger 4-1,..., sub-heat exchanger 4-n of the second heat exchanger, evaporates and absorbs heat in the sub-heat exchanger 4-1,..., sub-heat exchanger 4-n to become refrigerant gas, and the refrigerant gas flows back to the first compressor 2 through the four-way reversing valve 13 and the suction pipeline 51.

[0053] After the refrigerant gas in the exhaust pipe 57 and the first gas pipe 50 converge at the second connection point 71, they pass through the four-way reversing valve 13 together and flow to the first heat exchanger 3. After condensation and supercooling and heat release in the first heat exchanger 3, they become refrigerant liquid and the frost layer on the surface of the first heat exchanger is melted. The refrigerant liquid flows to the liquid pipe 72 through the first switching valve 19, completing a cycle process.

[0054] The rest of the working process of the defrost mode is the same as that of the heating mode except for the different state points.

[0055] The speed of the engine 1 is continuously adjustable, and the heating output of the fuel heat pump is adjusted by controlling the speed of the engine 1. The speed of the first compressor 2 is adjusted according to the needs under different operating conditions by adjusting the speed of the engine 1. The gas temperature sensor 75 and the pressure sensor 76 are used to measure the temperature and pressure of the refrigerant gas entering or leaving the first flue gas heat exchanger 8. The refrigerant flow is adjusted by at least one of the refrigerant pump 73 or the refrigerant valve 14 through the measured values ​​of the gas temperature sensor 75 and the pressure sensor 76, such as superheat.

[0056] <Example 2>

[0057] This embodiment provides a fuel heat pump, the fuel heat pump 1100 (see Figure 2 ) and the fuel heat pump 1000 in Example 1 (see Figure 1 ) is that the fuel heat pump 1100 in this embodiment uses an electric compressor 2a instead of the four-way reversing valve 13. The exhaust port of the electric compressor 2a is connected to the suction pipeline 51, and the suction port of the electric compressor 2a is connected to the exhaust pipeline 57. The other structures in this embodiment are the same as those in the first embodiment, and the same numbers are given to the same structures.

[0058] The fuel heat pump 1100 provided in this embodiment has a heating mode, a defrosting mode and a cooling mode, and its specific working process is as follows:

[0059] In the heating mode, the electric compressor 2a does not work, and the rest of the working process is the same as that of the first embodiment in the heating mode (without the four-way reversing valve 13).

[0060] In the defrosting mode and the cooling mode, the engine 1, the refrigerant pump 73, the refrigerant valve 74, the cylinder jacket water pump 138, etc. do not work. The first switching valve 19 and the fourth switching valve 22 are in a flow state, and the second throttle valve 6, the second switching valve 20 and the third switching valve 21 are in a closed state. The refrigerant gas discharged by the electric compressor 2a is condensed and supercooled in the first heat exchanger 3 through the suction pipe 51. The refrigerant fluid leaving the first heat exchanger 3 enters the drying filter 23 through the first switching valve 19, and then enters the sub-heat exchanger 4-1, ..., sub-heat exchanger 4-n of the second heat exchanger in operation through the first throttle valve 5. The sub-heat exchanger 4-1, ..., sub-heat exchanger 4-n of the second heat exchanger in operation absorbs heat energy to become refrigerant gas, and then flows back to the electric compressor 2a through the exhaust pipe 57 to complete a cycle.

[0061] <Example 3>

[0062] This embodiment provides a fuel heat pump. The fuel heat pump 1200 (see Figure 3 ) is different from the fuel heat pump 1000 in Example 1 in that the fuel heat pump 1200 also includes an electric motor 1a, and the electric motor 1a and the engine 1 drive the first compressor 2 through a connecting device 18a, and the engine 1 is connected to the cylinder jacket water heat exchanger 14 and the cylinder jacket water pump 138 through a cylinder jacket water pipeline 41. The first flue gas heat exchanger 8 in this embodiment is a flue gas-refrigerant heat exchanger. The cylinder jacket water pump 138 works so that the cylinder jacket water circulates between the cylinder jacket water heat exchanger 14 and the cylinder jacket of the engine 1, and discharges the cylinder jacket heat of the engine 1 into the refrigerant through the cylinder jacket water heat exchanger 14. The cylinder jacket water heat exchanger 14 is connected to the first flue gas heat exchanger 8. The connecting device 18a is a gear box or a pulley with a clutch.

[0063] During operation, one of the engine 1 and the motor 1a is working. When the motor 1a is not working, the engine 1 drives the first compressor 2 through the connecting device 18a, and the refrigerant liquid passes through the refrigerant valve 74, and then flows through the first flue gas heat exchanger 8 and the cylinder jacket water heat exchanger 14 in sequence, absorbs the heat of the flue gas in the first flue gas heat exchanger 8 and the heat of the cylinder jacket of the engine 1, and then flows through the first gas pipeline 50 in the state of superheated working gas. When the motor 1a is working, the motor 1a drives the first compressor 2 through the connecting device 18a, and the engine 1, the refrigerant pump 73, and the refrigerant valve 74 are not working.

[0064] The other structures and working processes in this embodiment are the same as those in the first embodiment, and the same numbers are given to the same structures.

[0065] <Example 4>

[0066] This embodiment provides a fuel heat pump. The difference between this fuel heat pump and the third embodiment is that the fuel heat pump 1300 (see Figure 4 )'s refrigerant valve 74, the first flue gas heat exchanger 8, the cylinder liner of the engine 1, and the first gas pipeline 50 are connected in sequence, and the cylinder liner water pipeline 41, the cylinder liner water heat exchanger 14 and the cylinder liner water pump 138 in the third embodiment are omitted.

[0067] When the motor 1a is not working, the refrigerant liquid passes through the refrigerant valve 74, and then flows through the first flue gas heat exchanger 8 and the cylinder liner of the engine 1 in sequence, absorbs the heat of the flue gas in the first flue gas heat exchanger 8 and the heat of the cylinder liner of the engine 1, and then flows through the first gas pipeline 50 in a superheated working gas state.

[0068] The other structures and working processes in this embodiment are the same as those in the third embodiment, and the same numbers are given to the same structures.

[0069] <Example 5>

[0070] This embodiment provides a fuel heat pump. The difference between this fuel heat pump and the first embodiment is that the fuel heat pump 1400 (see Figure 5 ) includes a second flue gas heat exchanger 10, an expander 85, a second compressor 86, a refrigerant pump 73a, a refrigerant pump 73b, a sub-pipeline 50-1 of the first gas pipeline, a sub-pipeline 50-2, two gas temperature sensors 75 and two pressure sensors 76.

[0071] The first flue gas heat exchanger 8, the second flue gas heat exchanger 10 and the third flue gas heat exchanger 9 are arranged in sequence in the flue 130. The flue gas generated by the operation of the engine 1 flows through the first flue gas heat exchanger 8, the second flue gas heat exchanger 10 and the third flue gas heat exchanger 9 in sequence in the flue 130. The heat of the flue gas is transferred to the refrigerant through the first flue gas heat exchanger 8 and the third flue gas heat exchanger 9 respectively, and the heat is transferred to the cylinder jacket water through the second flue gas heat exchanger 10. The cooled flue gas is then discharged to the atmosphere. Among them, the first flue gas heat exchanger 8, the second flue gas heat exchanger 10 and the third flue gas heat exchanger 9 are one of spiral plate type, fin coil type, microchannel type, plate fin type and plate type heat exchanger.

[0072] The engine 1 is connected to the second flue gas heat exchanger 10, the cylinder jacket water heat exchanger 14, and the cylinder jacket water pump 138 through the cylinder jacket water pipeline 41. The second flue gas heat exchanger 10 is a flue gas-cylinder jacket water heat exchanger. When the cylinder jacket water pump 138 is working, the cylinder jacket water circulates between the second flue gas heat exchanger 10, the cylinder jacket water heat exchanger 14, and the cylinder jacket of the engine 1, and discharges the heat of the second flue gas heat exchanger 10 and the cylinder jacket of the engine 1 into the refrigerant through the cylinder jacket water heat exchanger 14.

[0073] The liquid pipeline 72 generates a branch to the refrigerant pump 73 at the first connection point 70, and the branch is further divided into two branches. In one branch, the refrigerant pump 73a, the cylinder jacket water heat exchanger 14, and the sub-pipeline 50-2 of the first gas pipeline are connected in sequence according to the refrigerant flow direction; a gas temperature sensor 75 and a pressure sensor 76 are installed in the sub-pipeline 50-2 of the first gas pipeline, respectively used to measure the refrigerant gas temperature and pressure in the sub-pipeline 50-2. In the other branch, the expander 85 is installed in the sub-pipeline 50-1 of the first gas pipeline, and the refrigerant pump 73b, the first flue gas heat exchanger 8, and the expander 85 are connected in sequence according to the refrigerant flow direction; the expander 85 is connected to the second compressor 86 to drive the second compressor 86 to work; another gas temperature sensor 75 and another pressure sensor 76 are installed in the sub-pipeline 50-1 of the first gas pipeline, respectively used to measure the refrigerant gas temperature and pressure in the sub-pipeline 50-1. The refrigerant pumps 73a and 73b have a flow rate adjustment function with variable rotation speed.

[0074] The air intake of the second compressor 86 is connected to the air intake pipeline 51, and the air exhaust of the second compressor 86 is connected to the air exhaust pipeline 57. The second compressor 86 is any one of an open screw compressor, an open magnetic suspension screw compressor, an open magnetic suspension centrifugal compressor or an open scroll compressor.

[0075] The thermal process of the fuel heat pump 1400 of this embodiment is as follows:

[0076] In the first path, the refrigerant liquid is divided into two branches at the first connection point 70 and flows to the refrigerant pump 73a and the refrigerant pump 73b. In one of the branches, the refrigerant liquid is pressurized by the refrigerant pump 73a, flows through the cylinder jacket water heat exchanger 14, absorbs the heat of the flue gas in the second flue gas heat exchanger 10 and the heat of the cylinder jacket of the engine 1, and the refrigerant flowing out of the cylinder jacket water heat exchanger 14 is in the state of superheated working gas. The working gas flows through the sub-pipeline 50-2 of the first gas pipeline and is connected to the exhaust pipeline 57 through the second connection point 71. On the other side, the refrigerant liquid is pressurized by the refrigerant pump 73b, flows through the first flue gas heat exchanger 8, and after absorbing the heat of the flue gas in the first flue gas heat exchanger 8, it becomes a superheated working gas state. The working gas flows through the expansion machine 85 in the sub-pipeline 50-1 of the first gas pipeline, and is connected to the exhaust pipeline 57 through the second connection point 71. The working gas of the sub-pipeline 50-1 and the sub-pipeline 50-2 of the first gas pipeline and the exhaust gas of the first compressor 2 and the second compressor 86 converge and flow to the four-way reversing valve 13.

[0077] The other structures and working processes in this embodiment are the same as those in the first embodiment, and the same numbers are given to the same structures.

[0078] <Example 6>

[0079] This embodiment provides a fuel heat pump, which is different from the fuel heat pump 1400 in the fifth embodiment in that the fuel heat pump 1500 in this embodiment (see Figure 6 ) includes a refrigerant pump 73, a refrigerant valve 74, and an ejector 95 in the sub-pipeline 52-2 of the first gas pipeline. The ejector 95 is connected to the exhaust pipeline 57.

[0080] The thermal process of the fuel heat pump 1500 of this embodiment is as follows:

[0081] In the first route, the refrigerant liquid flows to the refrigerant pump 73 at the first connection point 70, and is divided into two branches after being pressurized by the refrigerant pump 73. In one of the branches, the refrigerant liquid flows through the cylinder jacket water heat exchanger 14 after passing through the refrigerant valve 74, and after absorbing the heat of the flue gas in the second flue gas heat exchanger 10 and the heat of the cylinder jacket of the engine 1, the refrigerant flowing out of the cylinder jacket water heat exchanger 14 is in a superheated working gas state, and the working gas flows through the sub-pipeline 50-2 of the first gas pipeline, and is ejected by the ejector 95 in the sub-pipeline 50-2 to the refrigerant gas sucked into the first compressor 2 and the second compressor 86 and flowing to the exhaust pipeline 57. The working gas of the sub-pipelines 50-1 and 50-2 of the first gas pipeline converges at the second connection point 71 and flows to the four-way reversing valve 13.

[0082] The other structures and working processes in this embodiment are the same as those in the fifth embodiment, and the same numbers are given to the same structures.

[0083] The above embodiments are some preferred cases of the present invention and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention. In addition, it can be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and more variations and modifications can be made according to the teachings of the present invention, and these variations and modifications all fall within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention. The protection scope of the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A fuel heat pump having a heating mode, characterized in that: include: at least one engine, a first compressor, a second heat exchanger, a first throttling device, an air intake pipeline, an exhaust pipeline, a flue, a liquid pipeline, at least one refrigerant pump and a first gas pipeline, The flue is connected to the engine, a first flue gas heat exchanger is arranged in the flue, and the flue gas generated by the operation of the engine flows through the first flue gas heat exchanger in the flue. The engine drives the first compressor to work, The refrigerant pump is connected to the liquid pipeline, and the second heat exchanger is connected to the first gas pipeline and the liquid pipeline. After the refrigerant liquid from the liquid pipeline is pressurized by the refrigerant pump, the refrigerant liquid absorbs the flue gas heat of the first flue gas heat exchanger and the cylinder liner heat of the engine during the flow process, becomes superheated working gas, passes through the first gas pipeline into the second heat exchanger to become refrigerant liquid, and then flows into the liquid pipeline to complete a cycle.

2. The fuel heat pump according to claim 1, characterized in that: in, The first flue gas heat exchanger is a flue gas-refrigerant heat exchanger or a flue gas-cylinder jacket water heat exchanger.

3. The fuel heat pump according to claim 1, characterized in that: in, The first flue gas heat exchanger is any one of a spiral plate type, a fin coil type, a microchannel type, a plate-fin type, and a plate type heat exchanger.

4. The fuel heat pump according to claim 1, characterized in that: in, At least one ejector and one expander are installed in the first gas pipeline, and the working gas drives the ejector and / or the expander to operate.

5. The fuel heat pump according to claim 4, characterized in that: Also includes: The second compressor, The expander is connected to the second compressor to drive the second compressor to operate.

6. The fuel heat pump according to claim 5, characterized in that: Also includes: Economizer, third flue gas heat exchanger and second throttle valve, At least one of the first compressor and the second compressor has an air supply port. The third flue gas heat exchanger is arranged downstream of the first flue gas heat exchanger in the flue, and the third flue gas heat exchanger and the economizer are connected with the second throttle valve and the air supply port. The refrigerant liquid flows out of the liquid pipeline in two ways, one way flows into the economizer, and the other way flows through the third flue gas heat exchanger and the economizer after being throttled by the second throttling device. The refrigerant is heated and evaporated by the flue gas in the third flue gas heat exchanger, and the remaining refrigerant liquid in the economizer is cooled by the economizer, and then flows back to the air supply port after being converted into refrigerant gas.

7. The fuel heat pump according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that: in, The ejector is connected to the first compressor and / or the second compressor to eject the refrigerant gas sucked into the connecting pipeline of the first compressor and / or the second compressor.

8. The fuel heat pump according to claim 4, characterized in that: in, The expander is connected to the engine or the first compressor to jointly drive the first compressor.

9. The fuel heat pump according to claim 1, characterized in that: in, A second flue gas heat exchanger is also arranged in the flue, and the second flue gas heat exchanger is located downstream of the first flue gas heat exchanger. The flue gas generated by the operation of the engine in the flue flows through the first flue gas heat exchanger and the second flue gas heat exchanger in sequence in the flue. The second flue gas heat exchanger is any one of a flue gas-refrigerant heat exchanger, a flue gas-jacket water heat exchanger, and a flue gas-hot water heat exchanger.

10. The fuel heat pump according to claim 9, characterized in that: in, After the refrigerant liquid from the liquid pipeline is pressurized by the refrigerant pump, the refrigerant liquid absorbs the flue gas heat of the second flue gas heat exchanger, the cylinder liner heat of the engine, and the flue gas heat of the first flue gas heat exchanger during the flow process, and becomes the refrigerant superheated working gas.

11. The fuel heat pump according to claim 1, characterized in that: in, The liquid pipelines before and after the refrigerant pump include at least one refrigerant valve.

12. The fuel heat pump according to claim 11, characterized in that: in, At least one of the refrigerant pump and the refrigerant valve has a refrigerant flow rate regulating function.

13. The fuel heat pump according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: at least one refrigerant gas temperature sensor, for measuring the temperature of the refrigerant in the first gas pipeline; and at least one refrigerant pressure sensor for measuring the pressure of the refrigerant in the first gas pipeline, The refrigerant flow rate flowing through the first gas pipeline is adjusted according to the signals of the refrigerant gas temperature sensor and the refrigerant pressure sensor.

14. The fuel heat pump according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: The first heat exchanger and at least one electric compressor, The electric compressor is connected to the exhaust pipeline and the intake pipeline. When the electric compressor is running, the engine is not working, and the refrigerant gas enters the electric compressor from the exhaust pipe, and after being compressed, enters the first heat exchanger through the intake pipe for condensation and supercooling.

15. The fuel heat pump according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: Economizer, third flue gas heat exchanger and second throttle valve, The first compressor has an air supply port. The third flue gas heat exchanger is arranged downstream of the first flue gas heat exchanger in the flue, and the third flue gas heat exchanger and the economizer are connected with the second throttle valve and the air supply port. The refrigerant liquid flows out of the liquid pipeline in two ways, one way flows into the economizer, and the other way flows through the third flue gas heat exchanger and the economizer after being throttled by the second throttling device. The refrigerant is heated and evaporated by the flue gas in the third flue gas heat exchanger, and the remaining refrigerant liquid in the economizer is cooled by the economizer, and then flows back to the air supply port after being converted into refrigerant gas.

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