Shafting coaxiality adjusting device and method of radial sliding bearing
Through the combination of the eddy current displacement sensor and the amplification disk, the angle and parallel deviation of the radial sliding bearing are measured and adjusted, the problem of inaccurate adjustment of the coaxial degree of the shaft system is solved, the accuracy and stability of the shaft system are improved, and the mechanical is avoided. Fault.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411336493.6
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-09-25
- Publication Date
- 2024-12-27
AI Technical Summary
The coaxial degree of the shaft system of the radial sliding bearing is inaccurate, resulting in misalignment of the shaft system and causing mechanical failures, such as machine vibration, coupling deflection, bearing wear and oil film instability.
Using devices such as eddy current displacement sensors and amplification disks, the displacement values of different states of the two sections of the spindle are measured, the angle deviation and parallel deviation are calculated, and the relative position between the spindle and the adjusted spindle is adjusted to achieve accurate adjustment of the coaxial degree of the shaft system.
The accuracy of the coaxiality of the radial sliding bearing shaft system is improved, mechanical failures caused by misalignment of the shaft system are avoided, and the stability and reliability of the shaft system are ensured.
Smart Images
Figure CN119197300A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention relates to a device and method for adjusting the coaxiality of a shaft system of a radial sliding bearing, and belongs to the technical field of turbine pump component testing. Background Art
[0002] Sliding bearings are widely used in high-speed, high-precision, and heavy-load scenarios due to their high reliability, smooth operation, and long life. However, the oil film thickness of sliding bearings varies with the load, and they are affected by their own gravity in a static state, resulting in a large gap between the coaxiality adjustment of the shaft system and the rotation state, leading to shaft misalignment. Shaft misalignment includes angular misalignment and parallel misalignment. Shaft misalignment can cause machine vibration, coupling deflection, bearing wear, oil film instability, and other faults. Statistics show that more than half of mechanical failures are caused by shaft misalignment. Summary of the invention
[0003] The technical problem solved by the present invention is: to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, to provide a device and method for adjusting the coaxiality of a shaft system of a radial sliding bearing, to increase the accuracy of the coaxiality of the shaft system, to avoid mechanical failures caused by misalignment of the shaft system, and to solve the problem of inaccurate coaxiality adjustment of a shaft system composed of radial sliding bearings.
[0004] The technical solution of the present invention is:
[0005] A shaft coaxiality adjustment device for a radial sliding bearing, comprising an eddy current displacement sensor I, an eddy current displacement sensor II, an eddy current displacement sensor III, an eddy current displacement sensor IV, an amplifying plate, a transfer structure I, a transfer structure II, a dial gauge I, and a dial gauge II;
[0006] A three-dimensional coordinate system of the axis system is established with one end of the main axis as the origin, the z-axis is along the main axis direction, the x-axis is the horizontal direction in the radial direction, and the y-axis is the vertical direction in the radial direction; eddy current displacement sensor I, eddy current displacement sensor II, eddy current displacement sensor III, and eddy current displacement sensor IV are installed on the housing or experimental bracket of the adjusted device, and eddy current displacement sensor I and eddy current displacement sensor II are located in the same cross-section of the main axis, and eddy current displacement sensor I is along the x-direction, and eddy current displacement sensor II is along the y-direction; eddy current displacement sensor III and eddy current displacement sensor IV are located in the same cross-section of the main axis, and eddy current displacement sensor III is along the x-direction, and eddy current displacement sensor IV is along the y-direction;
[0007] The enlarged disk is installed on the main shaft, and the center of the measuring end face of the enlarged disk coincides with the origin of the three-dimensional coordinate system of the axis system, and the measuring end face is the end face of the larger diameter disk facing the adjusted main shaft; the adapter structure I is installed on the adjusted main shaft, the adapter structure II is installed on the adapter structure I, the dial indicator I is installed on the adapter structure II, the needle of the dial indicator I is in contact with the larger diameter outer circle of the enlarged disk, and the needle of the dial indicator I is placed in a suitable compression position by adjusting the installation position of the adapter structure II and the dial indicator I to measure the parallel misalignment between the main shaft and the adjusted main shaft; the dial indicator II is installed on the adapter structure I, and the needle of the dial indicator II is in contact with the measuring end face of the enlarged disk, and the needle of the dial indicator II is placed in a suitable compression position by adjusting the installation position of the dial indicator II to measure the angular misalignment between the main shaft and the adjusted main shaft.
[0008] Preferably, the parallel tolerance between the outer circle axis with a larger diameter of the enlarged disk and the axis of the main shaft should be less than 0.001 mm, and the perpendicular tolerance between the measuring end face of the enlarged disk and the axis of the main shaft should be less than 0.001 mm.
[0009] Preferably, the needle of the dial indicator being in a suitable compression position means that the needle is in a compressed state but has not reached a limit compression state.
[0010] Preferably, the main shaft rotates supported by radial sliding bearings I and II.
[0011] A method for adjusting the coaxiality of a shaft system of a radial sliding bearing, comprising:
[0012] When the spindle rotates steadily, the eddy current displacement sensor I and the eddy current displacement sensor II measure the x-direction and y-direction displacement of section I, which is recorded as (x 1 ,y 1 ); eddy current displacement sensor III and eddy current displacement sensor IV measure the x-direction and y-direction displacement of section II, recorded as (x 2 ,y 2 ), the axial distance between the section I and the origin of the three-dimensional coordinate system of the axis is z 1 The axial distance between section II and the origin of the three-dimensional coordinate system of the axis is z 2 ;
[0013] When the spindle is in the coaxial adjustment state, the eddy current displacement sensor I and the eddy current displacement sensor II measure the x-direction and y-direction displacement of section I, which is recorded as (x 1 ',y 1 '); eddy current displacement sensor III and eddy current displacement sensor IV measure the x-direction and y-direction displacement of section II, denoted as (x 2 ',y 2 ');
[0014] Calculate the x-direction angle deviation α and the y-direction angle deviation β of the spindle in the coaxiality adjustment state and the rotation stable state;
[0015] Use dial gauge I to measure the radial direction of the enlarged disk to obtain the parallel misalignment between the main shaft and the adjusted main shaft in the coaxiality adjustment state. The specific method is as follows:
[0016] The axial distance from the contact point between the needle of dial gauge I and the larger diameter outer circle of the enlarged disk to the origin of the three-dimensional coordinate system of the axis system is z. 3 , in the coaxiality adjustment state, calculate the parallel deviation Δx of the spindle axis in the x direction and the parallel deviation Δy in the y direction;
[0017]
[0018] Use dial gauge II to measure the measuring end face of the enlarged disk to obtain the angular misalignment between the spindle and the adjusted spindle in the coaxiality adjustment state. The specific method is as follows:
[0019] The distance from the contact point between the needle of dial gauge II and the measuring end face to the origin of the three-dimensional coordinate system of the axis is R. When the coaxiality is adjusted, the angular deviation of the spindle axis in the x direction causes the angular deviation distance of dial gauge II to be ΔD. x =Rsinα, the angular deviation of the axis of the spindle in the y direction causes the angular deviation distance of the dial gauge II to be ΔD y =Rsinβ;
[0020] The adjusted spindle is adjusted according to the parallel misalignment and angular misalignment between the spindle and the adjusted spindle, so that the coaxiality of the adjusted spindle and the spindle is consistent when the spindle rotates stably.
[0021] Preferably, the x-direction angle deviation Y-axis angle deviation
[0022]
[0023] Preferably, the compression amounts of the dial gauge II in the x-direction to the left and right of the magnifying disk are exactly opposite; the compression amounts of the dial gauge II in the y-direction to the top and bottom of the magnifying disk are exactly opposite.
[0024] Preferably, the parallel deviation Δx of the axis of the spindle in the x-direction and the angular deviation of the axis of the spindle in the x-direction result in an angular deviation distance ΔD of the dial gauge II. x The positive and negative are consistent with the x-axis; the parallel deviation Δy of the spindle axis in the y direction and the angular deviation of the spindle axis in the y direction lead to the angular deviation distance ΔD of the dial gauge II y The positive and negative are consistent with the y-axis.
[0025] The beneficial effects of the present invention compared with the prior art are:
[0026] The shaft coaxiality adjustment device and method of the radial sliding bearing of the present invention can calculate the angular deviation of the main shaft of the radial sliding bearing in the adjustment state and the rotational steady state by measuring the displacement values of the two cross sections of the main shaft in different states, and correct the parallel deviation and angular deviation of the shaft coaxiality adjustment state to improve the accuracy of the radial sliding bearing shaft coaxiality adjustment and avoid mechanical failures caused by shaft misalignment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0027] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the layout of radial sliding bearings and displacement sensors;
[0028] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the shaft coaxiality adjustment device for radial sliding bearings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0029] In the present invention, the term "installation" should be understood in a broad sense, and its purpose is to achieve the fastening of two or more components in various forms. For example, threaded connection can be adopted, welding process can also be adopted, and for the same material, even an integrated processing method can be adopted. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meaning of this term in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.
[0030] Combination Figure 1 and Figure 2 The present invention further describes a shaft coaxiality adjustment device for a radial sliding bearing. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the protection scope of the present invention.
[0031] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the layout of radial sliding bearings and displacement sensors. Figure 2 The invention discloses a shaft coaxiality adjustment device for a radial sliding bearing, comprising an eddy current displacement sensor I 4, an eddy current displacement sensor II 5, an eddy current displacement sensor III 6, an eddy current displacement sensor IV 7, an amplifying plate 8, a screw I 9, an adjusted main shaft 10, a transfer structure I11, a nut I12, a transfer structure II 13, a nut II 14, a dial indicator I15, a screw II 16, a dial indicator II 17, and a screw III18.
[0032] The main shaft 1 rotates under the support of radial sliding bearings I 2 and II 3. The main shaft 1 is installed on radial sliding bearings I 2 and II 3, and a three-dimensional coordinate system of the axis system is established at one end of the main shaft, with the z-axis along the main shaft direction, the x-axis in the horizontal direction of the radial direction, and the y-axis in the vertical direction of the radial direction.
[0033] Eddy current displacement sensor I 4, eddy current displacement sensor II 5, eddy current displacement sensor III 6, and eddy current displacement sensor IV 7 are installed on the housing or experimental bracket of the adjusted device; eddy current displacement sensor I 4, eddy current displacement sensor II 5, eddy current displacement sensor III 6, and eddy current displacement sensor IV 7 are installed on the housing or experimental bracket of the adjusted device, and eddy current displacement sensor I 4 and eddy current displacement sensor II 5 are located in the same section I of the main shaft, and eddy current displacement sensor I 4 is along the x direction, and eddy current displacement sensor II 5 is along the y direction, which is used to measure the section I (axial position z) of the main shaft. 1 ) of the x-direction and y-direction radial displacement jump; the eddy current displacement sensor III 6 and the eddy current displacement sensor IV 7 are located in the same section II of the main shaft, and the eddy current displacement sensor III 6 is along the x-direction, and the eddy current displacement sensor IV 7 is along the y-direction, for measuring the section II (axial position z of the main shaft) 2 )’s radial displacement runout in the x- and y-directions.
[0034] The enlarged disk 8 is mounted on the spindle 1 by screws I 9. The center of the measuring end face of the enlarged disk 8 coincides with the origin of the three-dimensional coordinate system of the axis system, and the measuring end face is the end face of the larger diameter disk facing the adjusted spindle. The parallel tolerance between the larger diameter outer circle axis of the enlarged disk 8 and the axis of the spindle 1 should be less than 0.001mm, and the perpendicular tolerance between the measuring end face of the enlarged disk 8 and the axis of the spindle 1 should be less than 0.001mm.
[0035] The adapter structure I11 is installed on the adjustment spindle 10 through a nut I12, the adapter structure II 13 is installed on the adapter structure I11 through two nuts II14, and the dial indicator I15 is installed on the adapter structure II 13 through a screw II 16. The needle of the dial indicator I15 contacts the larger diameter outer circle of the magnifying disk 8. By adjusting the installation position of the adapter structure II 13 and the dial indicator I15, the needle of the dial indicator I15 is in a suitable compression position for measuring the parallel misalignment between the spindle 1 and the adjusted spindle 10; the dial indicator II 17 is installed on the adapter structure I11 through a screw III 18, and the needle of the dial indicator II 17 contacts the measuring end face of the magnifying disk 8. By adjusting the installation position of the dial indicator II 17, the needle of the dial indicator II 17 is in a suitable compression position for measuring the angular misalignment between the spindle 1 and the adjusted spindle 10. The needle of the dial indicator is in the appropriate compression position, which means that the needle is in a compressed state but has not reached the ultimate compression state.
[0036] The adjustment method of the present invention is as follows:
[0037] The spindle 1 is in a stable rotation state and the z-direction distance is measured as z 1 and z 2 Radial displacement of the cross section, eddy current displacement sensor I 4 measures z 1 The x-displacement x of section I 1 、Eddy-current displacement sensor II 5 measurement z 1 The y displacement y of section I 1 , denoted as (x 1 ,y 1 ); Eddy current displacement sensor III 6 measures z 2 The x-displacement x of section II 2 , eddy current displacement sensor IV7 measurement z 2 The y displacement of section II is 2 , denoted as (x 2 ,y 2 ).
[0038] The spindle 1 is in the coaxial adjustment state and the z-direction distance is measured. 1 and z 2 Radial displacement of the cross section, eddy current displacement sensor I 4 measures z 1 The x-displacement x of section I 1 ', Eddy Current Displacement Sensor II 5 Measurement 1 The y displacement of the cross section 1 ', recorded as (x 1 ',y 1 '); Eddy current displacement sensor III 6 measurement z 2 The x-displacement x of section II2 ', Eddy current displacement sensor IV 7 measurement z 2 The y displacement of section II is 2 ', recorded as (x 2 ',y 2 ').
[0039] Calculate the x-axis angle deviation of spindle 1 in the coaxial adjustment state and the spindle rotation stable state
[0040]
[0041] Calculate the y-axis angle deviation of spindle 1 in the coaxial adjustment state and the spindle rotation stable state
[0042]
[0043] like Figure 2 As shown, during the coaxiality adjustment process of the shaft system, there is an angular deviation between the main shaft 1 in the coaxiality adjustment state and the rotational stable state, resulting in parallel misalignment and angular misalignment between the main shaft 1 and the adjusted main shaft 10.
[0044] The dial gauge I15 measures the radial direction of the enlarged disk 8 to obtain the parallel misalignment between the spindle 1 and the adjusted spindle 10, as follows: The axial distance from the contact point between the dial gauge I15 needle and the larger diameter outer circle of the enlarged disk 8 to the origin of the three-dimensional coordinate system of the axis system is z 3 ; In the coaxial adjustment state, the parallel deviation of the axis of spindle 1 in the x direction is The positive and negative are consistent with the x-axis; the parallel deviation of the axis of spindle 1 in the y direction is The positive and negative are consistent with the y-axis.
[0045] The dial gauge II 17 measures the end face of the magnifying plate 8 to obtain the angular misalignment between the spindle 1 and the adjusted spindle 10, as follows: the distance from the contact point between the dial gauge II 17 needle and the measuring end face to the origin of the three-dimensional coordinate system of the axis system is R; in the coaxiality adjustment state, the angular deviation of the axis of the spindle 1 in the x direction causes the deviation distance of the dial gauge II 17 to be ΔD x =Rsinα, the positive and negative are consistent with the x-axis, the compression amount of the dial gauge II 17 in the x-direction of the enlarged disk 8 is just opposite; the deviation distance of the angular deviation of the axis of the main shaft 1 in the y-direction of the dial gauge II 17 is ΔD y =Rsinβ, the positive and negative values are consistent with the y-axis, and the compression amounts of the dial gauge II 17 in the y-direction of the enlarged disk 8 are just opposite.
[0046] The adjusted spindle is adjusted according to the parallel misalignment and angular misalignment between the spindle and the adjusted spindle, so that the coaxiality of the adjusted spindle and the spindle is consistent when the spindle rotates stably.
[0047] In the present invention, eddy current displacement sensor I, eddy current displacement sensor II, eddy current displacement sensor III, and eddy current displacement sensor IV can be replaced by other displacement measurement means.
[0048] Since the inclination angle of the main shaft 1 is small, the parallel misalignment of the enlarged disk 8 by the dial indicator I15 ignores the influence of the outer diameter of the enlarged disk 8.
[0049] It should be pointed out in particular that the installation positions of eddy current displacement sensor I 4, eddy current displacement sensor II 5, eddy current displacement sensor III 6, and eddy current displacement sensor IV 7 are not limited to between radial sliding bearing I and radial sliding bearing II, and can be adaptively adjusted according to the specific structure; the installation angle in the radial section of the main shaft can be adjusted according to the specific structure, and the calculation formula needs to be converted in the x-direction and y-direction.
[0050] The displacement measurement value of the main shaft in the stable rotation state is affected by different loads, different oil pressures and oil temperatures. The displacement value can be calculated and revised through various means such as theoretical calculation or simulation, so that the accuracy of the coaxiality adjustment of the radial sliding bearing shaft system is more accurate, ensuring the stability and reliability of the shaft system operation.
[0051] Parts of the present invention that are not described in detail belong to common knowledge among those skilled in the art.
Claims
1. A device for adjusting the coaxiality of a shaft system of a radial sliding bearing, characterized in that: It comprises an eddy current displacement sensor I (4), an eddy current displacement sensor II (5), an eddy current displacement sensor III (6), an eddy current displacement sensor IV (7), an amplifying plate (8), a transfer structure I (11), a transfer structure II (13), a dial gauge I (15), and a dial gauge II (17); A three-dimensional coordinate system of the axis system is established with one end of the main axis as the origin, the z-axis is along the main axis direction, the x-axis is the horizontal direction in the radial direction, and the y-axis is the vertical direction in the radial direction; the eddy current displacement sensor I (4), the eddy current displacement sensor II (5), the eddy current displacement sensor III (6), and the eddy current displacement sensor IV (7) are installed on the shell or the experimental bracket of the adjusted device, the eddy current displacement sensor I (4) and the eddy current displacement sensor II (5) are located in the same cross section of the main axis, and the eddy current displacement sensor I (4) is along the x-direction, and the eddy current displacement sensor II (5) is along the y-direction; the eddy current displacement sensor III (6) and the eddy current displacement sensor IV (7) are located in the same cross section of the main axis, and the eddy current displacement sensor III (6) is along the x-direction, and the eddy current displacement sensor IV (7) is along the y-direction; The enlarged disk (8) is mounted on the spindle (1), the center of the measuring end face of the enlarged disk (8) coincides with the origin of the three-dimensional coordinate system of the shaft system, and the measuring end face is the end face of the larger diameter disk facing the adjusted spindle; the transfer structure I (11) is mounted on the adjusted spindle (10), the transfer structure II (13) is mounted on the transfer structure I (11), the dial indicator I (15) is mounted on the transfer structure II (13), the needle of the dial indicator I (15) contacts the larger diameter outer circle of the enlarged disk (8), and the dial indicator I (15) is adjusted by adjusting the transfer structure II (13), the dial indicator II (13), the dial indicator I (15) and the dial indicator I (15). The installation position of the dial gauge I (15) is such that the needle of the dial gauge I (15) is in a suitable compressed position to measure the parallel misalignment between the main shaft (1) and the adjusted main shaft (10); the dial gauge II (17) is installed on the transfer structure I (11), and the needle of the dial gauge II (17) contacts the measuring end surface of the magnifying plate (8). By adjusting the installation position of the dial gauge II (17), the needle of the dial gauge II (17) is in a suitable compressed position to measure the angular misalignment between the main shaft (1) and the adjusted main shaft (10).
2. The device for adjusting the shaft coaxiality of a radial sliding bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The parallel tolerance between the larger diameter outer circle axis of the enlarged disk (8) and the axis of the main shaft (1) should be less than 0.001 mm, and the perpendicular tolerance between the measuring end face of the enlarged disk (8) and the axis of the main shaft (1) should be less than 0.001 mm.
3. The device for adjusting the shaft coaxiality of a radial sliding bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The needle of the dial indicator is in the appropriate compression position, which means that the needle is in a compressed state but has not reached the ultimate compression state.
4. The device for adjusting the shaft coaxiality of a radial sliding bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main shaft rotates supported by radial sliding bearings I and II.
5. A method for adjusting the coaxiality of a radial sliding bearing shaft system, characterized in that: include: When the spindle rotates stably, the eddy current displacement sensor I and the eddy current displacement sensor II measure the x-direction and y-direction displacement of the section I, which are recorded as (x1, y1); the eddy current displacement sensor III and the eddy current displacement sensor IV measure the x-direction and y-direction displacement of the section II, which are recorded as (x2, y2). The axial distance between the section I and the origin of the three-dimensional coordinate system of the axis system is z1, and the axial distance between the section II and the origin of the three-dimensional coordinate system of the axis system is z2. When the spindle is in the coaxial adjustment state, the eddy current displacement sensor I and the eddy current displacement sensor II measure the x-direction and y-direction displacement of section I, which are recorded as (x1', y1'); the eddy current displacement sensor III and the eddy current displacement sensor IV measure the x-direction and y-direction displacement of section II, which are recorded as (x2', y2'); Calculate the x-direction angle deviation α and the y-direction angle deviation β of the spindle in the coaxiality adjustment state and the rotation stable state; Use dial gauge I to measure the radial direction of the enlarged disk to obtain the parallel misalignment between the main shaft and the adjusted main shaft in the coaxiality adjustment state. The specific method is as follows: The axial distance from the contact point between the needle of dial gauge I and the larger diameter outer circle of the enlarged disk to the origin of the three-dimensional coordinate system of the axis system is z3. Under the coaxiality adjustment state, calculate the parallel deviation Δx of the axis center in the x direction and the parallel deviation Δy in the y direction; Use dial gauge II to measure the measuring end face of the enlarged disk to obtain the angular misalignment between the spindle and the adjusted spindle in the coaxiality adjustment state. The specific method is as follows: The distance from the contact point between the needle of dial gauge II and the measuring end face to the origin of the three-dimensional coordinate system of the axis is R. When the coaxiality is adjusted, the angular deviation of the spindle axis in the x direction causes the angular deviation distance of dial gauge II to be ΔD. x =Rsinα, the angular deviation of the axis of the spindle in the y direction causes the angular deviation distance of the dial gauge II to be ΔD y =Rsinβ; The adjusted spindle is adjusted according to the parallel misalignment and angular misalignment between the spindle and the adjusted spindle, so that the coaxiality of the adjusted spindle and the spindle is consistent when the spindle rotates stably.
6. The method for adjusting the coaxiality of a radial sliding bearing according to claim 5, characterized in that: X-axis angle deviation Y-axis angle deviation 7. The method for adjusting the coaxiality of a radial sliding bearing according to claim 5, characterized in that: The compression amount of the dial gauge II in the x-direction to the left and right of the magnifying disk is exactly opposite; the compression amount of the dial gauge II in the y-direction to the up and down of the magnifying disk is exactly opposite.
8. The method for adjusting the coaxiality of a radial sliding bearing according to claim 5, characterized in that: The parallel deviation Δx of the spindle axis in the x direction and the angular deviation of the spindle axis in the x direction result in the angular deviation distance ΔD of the dial gauge II. x The positive and negative are consistent with the x-axis; the parallel deviation Δy of the spindle axis in the y direction and the angular deviation of the spindle axis in the y direction lead to the angular deviation distance ΔD of the dial gauge II y The positive and negative are consistent with the y-axis.