New energy hybrid energy storage power supply system and control method

Abstract

The invention discloses a new energy hybrid energy storage power supply system which comprises a solar power generation module, a wind power generation module, a super capacitor energy storage unit and a battery energy storage unit, various sensors are arranged in the four modules and units, and all the sensors are in signal connection with a control unit. And the control unit is connected with the four modules and controllers in the units. The invention further discloses a new energy hybrid energy storage power supply control method. The method comprises the steps of 1, system building and debugging; step 2, data acquisition and analysis processing; and step 3, completing a decision and implementing control: 3.1) formulating an energy management strategy; 3.2) decision and control of charging and discharging; and 4, operation is executed, and charging and discharging operation is carried out on the super capacitor and the battery. The invention belongs to the technical field of new energy power generation control, and solves the problems of short service life and low energy utilization efficiency of an energy storage unit caused by lack of an effective energy management strategy in the prior art.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of new energy power generation control, and relates to a new energy hybrid energy storage power supply system. The present invention also relates to a new energy hybrid energy storage power supply control method. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous growth of energy demand and the increasingly severe environmental problems, new energy power generation technology has received extensive attention. As renewable energy sources, solar energy and wind energy have the advantages of being clean and pollution-free, but they also have problems such as unstable power generation and large power fluctuations.

[0003] The current renewable energy power supply system usually adopts a single energy storage device, such as battery energy storage, which is difficult to meet the grid's demand for stable electricity. At the same time, the existing power supply system lacks effective energy management strategies when dealing with power fluctuations and power generation troughs, resulting in a short service life of the energy storage unit and low energy utilization efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a new energy hybrid energy storage power supply system, which solves the problems of unstable new energy power generation, short service life of energy storage units and low energy utilization efficiency in the prior art.

[0005] Another object of the present invention is to provide a new energy hybrid energy storage power supply control method, which solves the problem that the prior art lacks an effective energy management strategy, resulting in a short service life of the energy storage unit and low energy utilization efficiency.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is a new energy hybrid energy storage power supply system, including a solar power generation module and a wind power generation module, a supercapacitor energy storage unit and a battery energy storage unit. Various sensors are arranged in the four modules and units, and all sensors are connected to the control unit signal, and the control unit is further connected to the controllers in the four modules and units.

[0007] Another technical solution adopted by the present invention is a new energy hybrid energy storage power supply control method, which is implemented according to the following steps:

[0008] Step 1: System construction and debugging;

[0009] Step 2: Data collection and analysis;

[0010] Step 3: Complete decision making and implement control.

[0011] 3.1) Develop energy management strategies;

[0012] 3.2) Decision-making and control of charging and discharging: The control unit determines the charging and discharging timing and power of the supercapacitor according to the energy management strategy, and also determines the charging and discharging timing and power of the battery, and maintains communication to ensure accurate execution of decision-making instructions and real-time monitoring and adjustment;

[0013] Step 4: Execute the operation.

[0014] Execute the control instructions determined by the decision in step 3 to charge and discharge the supercapacitor and the battery.

[0015] The beneficial effect of the present invention is that the system can significantly improve the stability, reliability and efficiency of renewable energy power generation, and better adapt to different application scenarios and grid requirements; the method realizes an efficient energy storage and release strategy by combining the advantages of supercapacitors and batteries, and the control unit can dynamically adjust the charging and discharging strategy according to real-time conditions, thereby extending the service life of the energy storage unit and improving energy utilization efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of the new energy hybrid energy storage power supply control method of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0018] The structure of the new energy hybrid energy storage power supply system of the present invention includes a solar power generation module and a wind power generation module, a supercapacitor energy storage unit and a battery energy storage unit. Various sensors are arranged in the four modules and units, and all sensors are connected to the control unit signal, and the control unit is connected to the controllers in the four modules and units; the connection and ratio between the modules and units do not need to be limited by specific numerical values.

[0019] Among them, the solar power generation module: uses solar energy to generate electricity and provide clean electricity for the system;

[0020] Wind power generation module: uses wind energy to generate electricity and increase the power generation capacity of the system;

[0021] Supercapacitor energy storage unit: It has the characteristics of fast charging and discharging, and can respond quickly when the power of renewable energy generation fluctuates greatly, absorbing or releasing energy, and playing the role of smoothing power output;

[0022] Battery energy storage unit: It has a large energy storage capacity and can provide electricity continuously and stably when the power generation of new energy is insufficient;

[0023] Control unit: monitors the output power of renewable energy generation, grid demand and the status of energy storage units in real time, formulates control strategies, and automatically allocates energy storage and release of supercapacitors and batteries according to different situations.

[0024] The combination principle of each module and unit in the system of the present invention is to give full play to the advantages of different energy sources and energy storage devices, realize efficient energy storage and release strategies, and improve the stability and reliability of new energy power generation. For solar power generation modules and wind power generation modules, other renewable energy power generation modules can also be considered as alternatives, such as tidal power generation modules. For supercapacitor energy storage units and battery energy storage units, different types and specifications of energy storage devices can also be selected as replacements according to actual needs.

[0025] Figure 1 In the figure, the relationship between each layer and the above five parts is described as follows:

[0026] Multivariate data collection layer: responsible for collecting solar power data of solar power generation modules, wind power data of wind power generation modules, voltage, current, remaining capacity, remaining life and charging and discharging efficiency of supercapacitor energy storage units and battery energy storage units, as well as power demand, season and weather information of the power grid, etc. These data provide the basis for subsequent analysis, processing and decision-making.

[0027] Data analysis and processing layer: Based on the data provided by the multivariate data collection layer, the total power generation is calculated and analyzed, including the calculation of the power change rate and trend, the dynamic adjustment of the power generation valley duration threshold, and the evaluation of the status of supercapacitors and batteries and the determination of charging and discharging priorities. Through these analysis and processing, the decision-making basis is provided for the decision-making and control layer.

[0028] Decision-making and control layer: Based on the results of the data analysis and processing layer, formulate energy management strategies, determine the charging and discharging timing and power of supercapacitors and batteries, and communicate with the execution operation layer to control the actions of the execution operation layer to achieve charging and discharging control of supercapacitors and batteries, thereby meeting grid needs and optimizing energy management.

[0029] Execution layer: executes the instructions of the decision-making and control layer, charges and discharges the supercapacitors and batteries to achieve energy storage and release, and ensure the stable operation of the system.

[0030] In general, the various modules and units of the new energy hybrid energy storage power generation system cooperate with each other to realize data collection, analysis, decision-making and execution through the various layers in the framework diagram, thereby improving the stability, reliability and efficiency of new energy power generation.

[0031] The new energy hybrid energy storage power supply control method of the present invention is implemented according to the following steps:

[0032] Step 1: System construction and debugging,

[0033] 1.1) Select solar panels and wind turbines of appropriate specifications, build solar power generation modules and wind power generation modules, and install and debug them;

[0034] 1.2) Install supercapacitor energy storage unit and battery energy storage unit, and connect the circuit and control mechanism;

[0035] 1.3) Install the control unit, including data collection and perception equipment, data analysis and processing equipment, decision-making and control equipment, and execution equipment;

[0036] A1. Data collection and perception equipment, including the following parts:

[0037] High-precision sensors on solar power generation modules: used to collect solar power generation data and understand the output dynamics under different light conditions;

[0038] High-precision sensors on wind power modules: used to collect wind power data, monitor wind speed and wind turbine operating status;

[0039] Sensors on supercapacitor energy storage units and battery energy storage units: collect status parameters such as voltage, current, remaining capacity, remaining life, and charge and discharge efficiency of supercapacitors and batteries;

[0040] Interactive equipment that communicates with the power grid system: obtain the power demand of the power grid in real time and understand the load situation;

[0041] Meteorological data collection device: collects seasonal and weather information. Its function is to obtain information such as seasons (for example, distinguishing between summer and winter) and weather conditions (for example, good or bad) so that the system can predict and adjust the operation strategy based on this information (for example, dynamically adjust the duration threshold of power generation trough according to the season and weather), thereby managing energy more reasonably and improving the stability and reliability of the system.

[0042] The working method is: collect data such as solar power generation power, wind power generation power, grid demand power, etc. in real time at fixed time intervals, and collect relevant status parameters of supercapacitors and batteries as well as seasonal and weather information, and adjust the system's operating strategy in real time.

[0043] A2. Data analysis and processing equipment, including the following parts:

[0044] Processor: used to perform data calculation and analysis tasks, such as calculating the total power generation, power change rate and trend, and adjusting the power generation valley duration threshold;

[0045] Memory: used to store collected data, calculate intermediate results and final analysis results;

[0046] Communication module: used to exchange data with other devices, such as obtaining seasonal and weather information, and communicating with the power grid system to understand load conditions.

[0047] These devices work as follows:

[0048] 1) The processor receives data such as solar power generation, wind power generation, grid demand power, supercapacitor and battery status parameters from data collection and sensing equipment. The processor calculates and analyzes these data according to preset algorithms and logic (for example, calculates total power generation, power change rate and trend), determines the degree of power fluctuation, and dynamically adjusts the power generation valley duration threshold based on factors such as season and weather. The processor also comprehensively considers factors such as the remaining life of supercapacitors and batteries and the charging and discharging efficiency, calculates the priority score, and determines the charging and discharging priority order;

[0049] 2) Memory is used to store data and analysis results for subsequent decision-making and control;

[0050] 3) The communication module ensures that the equipment can exchange data with other parts in a timely and accurate manner to achieve coordinated operation of the entire system.

[0051] A3. Decision-making and control equipment, including a central controller or microprocessor, works as follows:

[0052] 1) Receive information provided by data analysis and processing equipment, including total power generation, power fluctuation, grid demand power, energy storage unit status (remaining capacity, remaining life, charging and discharging efficiency of supercapacitors and batteries, etc.), season and weather information, etc.;

[0053] 2) Formulate energy management strategies based on this information, such as determining the timing and power of charging and discharging supercapacitors and batteries under different power fluctuations and grid demand conditions;

[0054] 3) Communicate with the execution device, convey the decision to the execution device, and control the charging and discharging operations of the supercapacitor and battery;

[0055] 4) Monitor the system's operating status in real time and adjust decisions in a timely manner based on actual conditions to ensure stable operation of the system and efficient energy management.

[0056] In short, decision-making and control equipment realizes the control of new energy hybrid energy storage power generation system through comprehensive analysis and processing of various information.

[0057] A4. Execution equipment, including related equipment for charging and discharging supercapacitors and batteries, such as charge and discharge controllers, etc., works as follows:

[0058] Execute the instructions issued by the decision-making and control equipment to perform corresponding charging and discharging operations on the supercapacitor and battery. Specifically, the charge and discharge controller will control the direction and size of the current according to the instructions to realize the charging or discharging of the supercapacitor and battery to meet the energy demand and management strategy of the system; and during the charging and discharging process, it will monitor the state parameters of the energy storage equipment in real time to ensure the safety and stability of the charging and discharging operations.

[0059] 1.4) Carry out overall system debugging and optimization to ensure coordinated operation of each module and unit.

[0060] Step 2: Data collection and analysis and processing,

[0061] 2.1) Complete the collection of multi-source data:

[0062] In the solar power generation module, high-precision sensors are used to collect solar power generation data to understand the output dynamics under different light conditions;

[0063] In the wind power generation module, sensors on the wind turbine are used to collect wind power data and monitor wind speed and wind turbine operating status;

[0064] In the supercapacitor energy storage unit and the battery energy storage unit, corresponding sensors are used to collect the voltage, current, remaining capacity, remaining life, charge and discharge efficiency and other state parameters of each supercapacitor and each battery;

[0065] Obtain the power demand of the power grid in real time, and communicate and interact with the power grid system to understand the load situation;

[0066] Collect seasonal and weather information to predict and adjust system operation strategies;

[0067] 2.2) Calculate the total power generation and determine the power change trend.

[0068] According to the solar and wind power data, the total power generation is calculated to provide the overall power generation capacity information; the total power generation expression is: Pt = Ps + Pw,

[0069] Calculate the power change rate, maintain the rate queue, and determine the power change trend;

[0070] 2.3) Adjust the dynamic threshold,

[0071] Dynamically adjust the threshold of power generation trough duration according to season and weather to improve energy management efficiency in different situations.

[0072] 2.4) Status assessment and priority determination,

[0073] The remaining life and charge and discharge efficiency of the supercapacitor and battery are comprehensively considered, and the priority score is calculated to determine the charge and discharge priority.

[0074] Step 3: Complete decision making and implement control.

[0075] 3.1) Develop energy management strategies,

[0076] For the priority scores obtained in step 2.4), an energy management strategy is formulated as follows:

[0077] B1. When volatility is low and stable, maintain the status quo;

[0078] B2: When the total power generation is greater than the grid demand and the supercapacitor is not full, the supercapacitor is charged first and then the battery is charged after it is full.

[0079] B3. When the fluctuation is high, the battery is charged quickly, and the power generation is limited after the battery is fully charged;

[0080] B4. When power generation is at a low point, the energy storage device is released based on the threshold value, first releasing the supercapacitor energy and then releasing the battery energy;

[0081] B5. When recovering energy, the storage location is determined based on the remaining capacity of the supercapacitor.

[0082] 3.2) Decision-making and control of charging and discharging,

[0083] The control unit determines the charging and discharging timing and power of the supercapacitor according to the energy management strategy, and also determines the charging and discharging timing and power of the battery, and maintains communication with the execution layer (execution device) to ensure accurate execution of decision instructions and real-time monitoring and adjustment.

[0084] In this step 3 (which also involves part of the process in step 2), the decision-making and control process of the control unit is as follows:

[0085] C1. Initialization:

[0086] Set initial parameters: including the initial capacity Cis of the supercapacitor, the initial capacity Cib of the battery, the initial remaining life Lis of the supercapacitor, the initial remaining life Lib of the battery, the maximum charging power Pmcs of the supercapacitor, the maximum discharging power Pmds of the supercapacitor, the maximum charging power Pmcb of the battery, the maximum discharging power Pmdb of the battery, the initial charging efficiency Ecs of the supercapacitor, the initial discharging efficiency Eds of the supercapacitor, the initial charging efficiency Ecb of the battery, and the initial discharging efficiency Edb of the battery.

[0087] Set multiple power fluctuation thresholds: low fluctuation threshold Tl, medium fluctuation threshold Tm, and high fluctuation threshold Th.

[0088] Initialize the basic threshold Tdb of power generation valley duration.

[0089] C2. Data collection:

[0090] ·Collect the solar power generation Ps, wind power generation Pw, and grid demand power Pg in real time at fixed time intervals Dt.

[0091] ·Collect the status Ss of the supercapacitor, including voltage Vs, current Is, remaining capacity Crs, remaining life Lrs, supercapacitor charging efficiency Ecs, and supercapacitor discharging efficiency Eds.

[0092] ·Collect the status Sb of the battery, including voltage Vb, current Ib, remaining capacity Crb, remaining life Lrb, battery charging efficiency Ecb, and battery discharging efficiency Edb.

[0093] ·Obtain environmental information: Determine the values of the season Se (1 represents summer, 0 represents winter) and weather condition We (1 represents good, 0 represents bad).

[0094] C3. Calculate the total power generation:

[0095] Pt = Ps + Pw,

[0096] C4. Judge power fluctuations:

[0097] ·Calculate the rate of power change: R = (Pt - Ppt) / Dt, where Ppt is the total power generation at the previous moment.

[0098] ·Calculate the trend of power change: Maintain a rate queue Rq with a length of Nq, and judge whether the trend is rising, falling, or stable by comparing the current rate with the average rate of the previous Nq time periods in the queue.

[0099] ·Adopt different strategies according to the degree of fluctuation:

[0100] ·Low fluctuation, that is, R < Tl and the trend is stable, then maintain the current state.

[0101] ·Medium fluctuation, that is, Tl <= R < Tm:

[0102] If Pt > Pg and Crs < Cis, charge the supercapacitor preferentially at a power of min(Pt - Pg, Pmcs * Ecs); if the supercapacitor is full, charge the battery at a power of min(Pt - Pg, Pmcb * Ecb).

[0103] ·High fluctuation, that is, R >= Th:

[0104] Quickly charge the battery at a power of min(Pt - Pg, Pmcb * Ecb); if the battery charge reaches the upper limit, limit the power generation, such as reducing the rotation speed of the wind turbine or turning off some solar panels.

[0105] C5. Judge the low power generation valley:

[0106] · Adjust the power generation low valley duration threshold according to seasons and weather:

[0107] · If Se == 1 && We == 1, Tda = Tdb * 0.8.

[0108] · If Se == 0 || We == 0, Tda = Tdb * 1.2.

[0109] · If Pt < Pg lasts longer than the adjusted threshold:

[0110] · If Crs > 0, release the energy of the supercapacitor with the power of min(Pg - Pt, Pmds * Eds) preferentially.

[0111] · If the energy of the supercapacitor is exhausted and still cannot meet the demand, release the energy of the battery with the power of min(Pg - Pt, Pmdb * Edb).

[0112] C6. Judge energy recovery:

[0113] · Detect the recovered energy Pr.

[0114] · If Crs < Cis * 0.8 (considering charge - discharge efficiency), store it in the supercapacitor with the power of min(Pr, Pmcs * Ecs) preferentially; otherwise, store it in the battery with the power of min(Pr, Pmcb * Ecb).

[0115] C7. Adjust the charge - discharge priority of the energy storage unit:

[0116] · Calculate the priority score of the supercapacitor: Ssc = Lrs * k1 + Ecs * k2 + Eds * k3, where k1, k2, and k3 are weight coefficients.

[0117] · Calculate the priority score of the battery: Sbt = Lrb * k1 + Ecb * k2 + Edb * k3.

[0118] · Dynamically adjust the charge - discharge order according to the priority score: If Ssc > Sbt, operate on the supercapacitor preferentially; otherwise, operate on the battery preferentially.

[0119] C8. Loop through the above steps, update and adjust the operation strategy of the system in real - time. The time interval Dt is set according to actual needs, such as 1 second or shorter.

[0120] Step 4. Execute operations

[0121] The execution layer (execution device) executes the control instructions determined by the decision - making in Step 3, and performs charge - discharge operations on the supercapacitor and the battery.

[0122] The main innovation of the present invention is the above control algorithm, which includes the following points:

[0123] 1) Refined judgment of power fluctuations: By calculating the rate and trend of power changes, the power fluctuation situation can be judged more accurately. Power fluctuations are not judged based solely on absolute values, but the rate and trend of power changes are considered. At the same time, multiple power fluctuation thresholds are set, and different strategies are adopted for different degrees of fluctuations to improve the stability and adaptability of the system.

[0124] 2) Dynamically adjust the power generation trough duration threshold: Taking into account factors such as season and weather, the duration of the power generation trough can be predicted more accurately, and the power generation trough duration threshold can be dynamically adjusted according to factors such as season and weather, so as to reasonably adjust the system's energy management strategy and improve system reliability.

[0125] 3) Optimize the charging and discharging priority of energy storage units: Taking into account the remaining life of the energy storage unit, charging and discharging efficiency and other factors, dynamically adjusting the charging and discharging priority of supercapacitors and batteries can maximize the service life of the energy storage unit and improve energy utilization efficiency.

[0126] Example 1

[0127] In the case of good weather in summer, the new energy hybrid energy storage power generation system of the present invention is specifically implemented.

[0128] (I) System construction and debugging:

[0129] Select appropriate solar panels and wind turbines, build solar power generation modules and wind power generation modules, and install and debug them to ensure their normal operation.

[0130] Install the supercapacitor energy storage unit and the battery energy storage unit, connect the circuit and control system, set the initial capacity Cis of the supercapacitor to 100Ah, the initial capacity Cib of the battery to 200Ah, the maximum charging and discharging power Pmcs of the supercapacitor to 50kW, and Pmds to 40kW, the maximum charging power Pmcb of the battery to 30kW, and the maximum discharge power Pmdb of the battery to 40kW, the initial remaining life Lis of the supercapacitor to 80%, and the initial remaining life Lib of the battery to 70%, the initial charging efficiency Ecs of the supercapacitor to 90%, the initial discharge efficiency Eds of the supercapacitor to 85%, the initial charging efficiency Ecb of the battery to 85%, and the initial discharge efficiency Edb of the battery to 80%.

[0131] Install the control unit, including data acquisition and perception equipment, data analysis and processing equipment, decision-making and control equipment, and execution equipment.

[0132] Carry out overall system debugging and optimization to ensure coordinated operation of each module and unit.

[0133] (II) Data collection, analysis and processing:

[0134] Multi-source data collection:

[0135] A high-precision sensor is used to collect the solar power generation power Ps in real time at a fixed time interval Dt (set to 1 minute). For example, at a certain moment, Ps is 30kW.

[0136] The wind power generation power Pw is collected through the sensor on the wind turbine, and at this time Pw is 20kW.

[0137] The supercapacitor status Ss is collected, including the voltage Vs of 400V, the current Is of 20A, the remaining capacity Crs of 80Ah, the remaining life Lrs of 75%, the charge and discharge efficiency Ecs of 90%, and the Eds of 85%.

[0138] The battery status Sb is collected, including the voltage Vb of 350V, the current Ib of 10A, the remaining capacity Crb of 150Ah, the remaining life Lrb of 65%, the charge and discharge efficiency Ecb of 85%, and Edb of 80%.

[0139] The real-time grid demand power Pg is 40kW.

[0140] Acquire environmental information such as season Se is 1 (indicating summer) and weather condition We is 1 (indicating good).

[0141] Total power generation calculation and analysis:

[0142] The total power generation expression Pt=Ps+Pw is calculated based on the solar energy and wind energy power generation data. The total power generation Pt=30+20=50kW in this embodiment 1 at this time.

[0143] Calculate the power change rate R = (Pt-Ppt) / Dt. Assuming that the total power generation power Ppt at the previous moment is 45 kW, then R = (50-45) / 1 = 5 kW / minute.

[0144] The rate queue Rq is maintained and the power change trend is determined to be increasing.

[0145] Dynamic Threshold Adjustment:

[0146] The threshold of duration of power generation trough is adjusted dynamically according to season and weather. Since Se==1&&We==1, Tda=Tdb*0.8.

[0147] Status Assessment and Priority Scoring:

[0148] Considering the remaining life and charge-discharge efficiency of the supercapacitor and the battery comprehensively, calculate the priority score of the supercapacitor \(S_{sc}=L_{rs}*k_1 + E_{cs}*k_2+E_{ds}*k_3\). Assuming \(k_1\), \(k_2\), \(k_3\) are \(0.4\), \(0.3\), \(0.3\) respectively, then \(S_{sc}=75\%\times0.4 + 90\%\times0.3+85\%\times0.3 = 85.5\%\).

[0149] Calculate the priority score of the battery, and the expression is \(S_{bt}=L_{rb}*k_1 + E_{cb}*k_2+E_{db}*k_3\). Assuming the values of \(k_1\), \(k_2\), \(k_3\) remain unchanged, then \(S_{bt}=65\%\times0.4 + 85\%\times0.3+80\%\times0.3 = 79.5\%\).

[0150] According to the priority score, the supercapacitor is given priority for operation.

[0151] (III) Decision-making and control:

[0152] Formulation of energy management strategy:

[0153] Since the current power fluctuation is medium fluctuation (\(T_l\leq R < T_m\)) and the total generated power \(P_t\) is greater than the grid demand \(P_g\), and the supercapacitor is not full (\(C_{rs}<C_{is}\)), charge the supercapacitor with the power of \(\min(P_t - P_g, P_{mcs}*E_{cs})\) first, that is, charge the supercapacitor with the power of \(\min(50 - 40, 50\times0.9)=10\ kW\).

[0154] Charge-discharge decision-making and control:

[0155] According to the energy management strategy, determine that the charging and discharging timing of the supercapacitor is charging, and the power is \(10\ kW\).

[0156] Communicate and control with the execution layer to ensure the accurate execution of the decision-making and monitor and adjust in real time.

[0157] (IV) Execution of operations:

[0158] The execution layer executes the instructions of the decision-making and control layer and conducts a charging operation on the supercapacitor.

[0159] Final result conclusion: The system can operate efficiently. The supercapacitor energy storage unit and the battery energy storage unit can charge and discharge according to the power fluctuation and the grid demand, improving the energy utilization efficiency. In this embodiment, the supercapacitor is charged in time to cope with possible subsequent power fluctuations. The battery, as a backup energy storage unit, charges or discharges when the supercapacitor is full or when needed. The entire system operates stably and meets the grid demand.

[0160] In Embodiment 1, the technical advantages of the present invention are mainly reflected in the following aspects:

[0161] 1. Improve energy utilization efficiency:

[0162] Charge and discharge strategy: According to real-time data, when the total power generation Pt (50 kW) is greater than the grid demand power Pg (40 kW) and the supercapacitor is not full (Crs is 80 Ah < Cis is 100 Ah), the supercapacitor is preferentially charged at a power of 10 kW, making full use of the fast charge and discharge characteristics of the supercapacitor and improving the energy storage efficiency. After the supercapacitor is fully charged, the battery is charged according to needs, achieving a reasonable distribution of energy.

[0163] High charge and discharge efficiency: The charge and discharge efficiency of the supercapacitor Ecs is 90% and Eds is 85%, and the charge and discharge efficiency of the battery Ecb is 85% and Edb is 80%. The relatively high charge and discharge efficiency reduces the energy loss during storage and release.

[0164] 2. Enhance system stability:

[0165] Refined power fluctuation judgment: By calculating the power change rate R = (50 - 45) / 1 = 5 kW / minute and maintaining the rate queue Rq to judge the power change trend, the power fluctuation of the system can be understood in a timely and accurate manner. According to different degrees of fluctuation, corresponding strategies are adopted. For example, in this embodiment, when the power fluctuation is medium, the charging of the supercapacitor and the battery can be coordinated effectively, smoothing the power output effectively and improving the system stability.

[0166] 3. Prolong the service life of the energy storage unit:

[0167] Optimize the charge and discharge priority of the energy storage unit: Considering factors such as the remaining life of the supercapacitor and the battery (Lrs is 75% and Lrb is 65%) and the charge and discharge efficiency, the priority score Ssc of the supercapacitor is calculated as 85.5% and the priority score Sbt of the battery is 79.5%. The supercapacitor is preferentially operated, maximizing the service life of the energy storage unit.

[0168] In summary, through specific data quantitative analysis, Embodiment 1 demonstrates the technical advantages of the present invention in aspects such as improving energy utilization efficiency, enhancing system stability, and prolonging the service life of the energy storage unit.

[0169] Embodiment 2:

[0170] In the case of bad weather in winter, the system ensures the stable operation of the system by dynamically adjusting the power generation low valley duration threshold and the charge and discharge priority of the energy storage unit.

[0171] Data collection and analysis processing: The collected solar power generation Ps is low, and the wind power generation Pw fluctuates greatly. The state parameters of the supercapacitor and the battery also change accordingly.

[0172] Decision-making and control: According to the severe winter weather conditions, dynamically adjust the power generation valley duration threshold, such as Tda = Tdb * 1.5. Recalculate the priority scores of supercapacitors and batteries, and adjust the charging and discharging sequence.

[0173] Execution operation: The execution layer performs reasonable charging and discharging operations on the supercapacitor and battery according to the instructions of the decision-making and control layers.

[0174] Final result conclusion: In severe winter weather conditions, the system can adjust its operating strategy according to actual conditions, ensuring stable operation of the system and meeting grid demand.

[0175] Embodiment 3:

[0176] Under different power fluctuation conditions, the system can adopt different strategies based on refined power fluctuation judgment, which improves the adaptability and reliability of the system.

[0177] Data collection and analysis and processing: When large power fluctuations are detected, such as R>=Th.

[0178] Decision-making and control: Charge the battery quickly at the power of min (Pt-Pg, Pmcb*Ecb). If the battery charge reaches the upper limit, limit the power generation, such as reducing the speed of the wind turbine or shutting down some solar panels.

[0179] Execution operation: The execution layer charges the battery in a timely manner or performs operations to limit the power generation.

[0180] Final result conclusion: The system can respond quickly and take effective measures under different power fluctuations to ensure the stability and reliability of the system.

Claims

1. New energy hybrid energy storage power supply system, characterized by: It includes a solar power generation module, a wind power generation module, a supercapacitor energy storage unit and a battery energy storage unit. Various sensors are arranged in the four modules and units. All sensors are connected to the control unit signal, and the control unit is connected to the controllers in the four modules and units.

2. The new energy hybrid energy storage power supply system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The solar power generation module: uses solar energy to generate electricity and provide clean electricity for the system; Wind power generation module: Use wind energy to generate electricity and increase the system's power generation capacity.

3. The new energy hybrid energy storage power supply system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The supercapacitor energy storage unit has the characteristics of rapid charging and discharging, and can respond quickly when the power of renewable energy generation fluctuates greatly, absorb or release energy, and play a role in smoothing power output; Battery energy storage unit: It has a large energy storage capacity and can provide electricity continuously and stably when the power generation of new energy is insufficient.

4. The new energy hybrid energy storage power supply system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The control unit monitors the output power of renewable energy power generation, grid demand and the status of energy storage units in real time, formulates control strategies, and automatically adjusts the energy storage and release of supercapacitors and batteries according to different situations.

5. A new energy hybrid energy storage power supply control method, characterized in that: Follow these steps to implement: Step 1: System construction and debugging; Step 2: Data collection and analysis; Step 3: Make decisions and implement controls. 3.1) Develop energy management strategies; 3.2) Decision-making and control of charging and discharging: The control unit determines the charging and discharging timing and power of the supercapacitor according to the energy management strategy, and also determines the charging and discharging timing and power of the battery, and maintains communication to ensure accurate execution of decision-making instructions and real-time monitoring and adjustment; Step 4: Execute the operation. Execute the control instructions determined by the decision in step 3 to charge and discharge the supercapacitor and the battery.

6. The new energy hybrid energy storage power supply control method according to claim 5 is characterized in that: In step 1, the specific process is: 1.1) Select solar panels and wind turbines of appropriate specifications, build solar power generation modules and wind power generation modules, and install and debug them; 1.2) Install supercapacitor energy storage unit and battery energy storage unit, and connect the circuit and control mechanism; 1.3) Install the control unit, including data collection and perception equipment, data analysis and processing equipment, decision-making and control equipment, and execution equipment; 1.4) Carry out overall system debugging and optimization to ensure coordinated operation of each module and unit.

7. The new energy hybrid energy storage power supply control method according to claim 5 is characterized in that: In step 2, the specific process is: 2.1) Complete the collection of multi-source data: In the solar power generation module, sensors are used to collect solar power data to understand the output dynamics under different lighting conditions; In the wind power generation module, sensors on the wind turbine are used to collect wind power data and monitor wind speed and wind turbine operating status; In the supercapacitor energy storage unit and the battery energy storage unit, corresponding sensors are used to collect the voltage, current, remaining capacity, remaining life, and charge and discharge efficiency parameters of each supercapacitor and each battery; Obtain the power demand of the power grid in real time, and communicate and interact with the power grid system to understand the load situation; Collect seasonal and weather information to predict and adjust system operation strategies; 2.2) Calculate the total power generation and determine the power change trend. Based on the solar and wind power data, the total power generation is calculated to provide overall power generation capacity information; Calculate the power change rate, maintain the rate queue, and determine the power change trend; 2.3) Adjust the dynamic threshold, Dynamically adjust the threshold of the power generation low valley duration according to seasons and weather conditions to adapt to different situations and improve the energy management efficiency; 2.4) State assessment and priority determination, Comprehensively consider the remaining life and charge-discharge efficiency of the supercapacitor and the battery, calculate the priority score, and determine the charge-discharge priority order.

8. The new energy hybrid energy storage power supply control method according to claim 5 is characterized in that: In step 3, formulate an energy management strategy as follows: B1. When it is low fluctuation and stable, maintain the current state; B2. When it is medium fluctuation and the total power generation is greater than the grid demand and the supercapacitor is not full, give priority to charging the supercapacitor, and charge the battery after it is full; B3. When it is high fluctuation, quickly charge the battery, and limit the power generation after the battery is full; B4. During the power generation low valley, judge to release the energy of the energy storage device according to the threshold, first release the energy of the supercapacitor, and then release the energy of the battery; B5. During energy recovery, determine the storage location according to the remaining capacity of the supercapacitor.

9. The new energy hybrid energy storage power supply control method according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The decision-making and control process of the control unit is as follows: C1. Initialization: · Set initial parameters: including the initial capacity Cis of the supercapacitor, the initial capacity Cib of the battery, the initial remaining life Lis of the supercapacitor, the initial remaining life Lib of the battery, the maximum charging power Pmcs of the supercapacitor, the maximum discharging power Pmds of the supercapacitor, the maximum charging power Pmcb of the battery, the maximum discharging power Pmdb of the battery, the initial charging efficiency Ecs of the supercapacitor, the initial discharging efficiency Eds of the supercapacitor, the initial charging efficiency Ecb of the battery, and the initial discharging efficiency Edb of the battery; · Set multiple power fluctuation thresholds: low fluctuation threshold Tl, medium fluctuation threshold Tm, high fluctuation threshold Th; · Initialize the basic threshold Tdb of the power generation low valley duration; C2. Data acquisition: · Real-time collect the solar power generation power Ps, wind power generation power Pw, and grid demand power Pg at a fixed time interval Dt; · Collect the state Ss of the supercapacitor, including voltage Vs, current Is, remaining capacity Crs, remaining life Lrs, supercapacitor charging efficiency Ecs, and supercapacitor discharging efficiency Eds; · Collect the state Sb of the battery, including voltage Vb, current Ib, remaining capacity Crb, remaining life Lrb, battery charging efficiency Ecb, and battery discharging efficiency Edb; · Obtain environmental information: determine the value of the season Se, 1 represents summer, 0 represents winter; determine the value of the weather condition We, 1 represents good, 0 represents bad; C3. Calculate the total power generation: Pt = Ps + Pw, C4. Judge power fluctuation: · Calculate the rate of power change: R = (Pt - Ppt) / Dt, where Ppt is the total power generation at the previous moment; · Calculate the trend of power change: maintain a rate queue Rq with a length of Nq, and judge whether the trend is rising, falling or stable by comparing the current rate with the average rate in the previous Nq time periods in the queue; · Adopt different strategies according to the fluctuation degree: · Low fluctuation, that is, R < Tl and the trend is stable, then maintain the current state; · Medium fluctuation, that is, Tl <= R < Tm: If Pt > Pg and Crs < Cis, charge the supercapacitor with the power of min(Pt - Pg, Pmcs * Ecs) preferentially; if the supercapacitor is fully charged, charge the battery with the power of min(Pt - Pg, Pmcb * Ecb); · High fluctuation, i.e., R >= Th: Charge the battery quickly with the power of min(Pt - Pg, Pmcb * Ecb); if the battery charge reaches the upper limit, limit the power generation, such as reducing the rotational speed of the wind turbine or turning off some solar panels; C5. Judge the power generation trough: · Adjust the duration threshold of the power generation trough according to seasons and weather: · If Se == 1 && We == 1, Tda = Tdb * 0.8; · If Se == 0 || We == 0, Tda = Tdb * 1.2; · If Pt < Pg lasts for more than the adjusted threshold: · If Crs > 0, release the energy of the supercapacitor with the power of min(Pg - Pt, Pmds * Eds) preferentially; · If the energy of the supercapacitor is exhausted and still cannot meet the demand, release the energy of the battery with the power of min(Pg - Pt, Pmdb * Edb); C6. Judge the energy recovery: · Detect the recovered energy Pr; · If Crs < Cis * 0.8, considering the charge-discharge efficiency, store it in the supercapacitor with the power of min(Pr, Pmcs * Ecs) preferentially; otherwise, store it in the battery with the power of min(Pr, Pmcb * Ecb); C7. Adjust the charge-discharge priority of the energy storage unit: · Calculate the priority score of the supercapacitor: Ssc = Lrs * k1 + Ecs * k2 + Eds * k3, where k1, k2, k3 are weight coefficients; · Calculate the priority score of the battery: Sbt = Lrb * k1 + Ecb * k2 + Edb * k3; · Dynamically adjust the charge-discharge order according to the priority score: if Ssc > Sbt, operate on the supercapacitor preferentially; otherwise, operate on the battery preferentially; C8. Loop to execute the above steps, update and adjust the operation strategy of the system in real time, and set the time interval Dt according to actual requirements.

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