Deformation control clamp for lap welding seam of arc welding robot and welding method

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention discloses a deformation control clamp for lap weld joints of an arc welding robot and a welding method. A conical shaft in the deformation control clamp is connected with a connecting shaft through a coupler, so that the conical shaft and the connecting shaft transmit torque through the coupler; an expansion block is sleeved outside a conical shaft body in the middle of the conical shaft, a pressing sheet and a gland are oppositely arranged at two ends of the expansion block, and the pressing sheet, the expansion block and the gland are connected into an integral structure by adopting a plurality of hexagon screws; the gland is connected to the conical shaft in a threaded mode so that the axial position of the expansion block on the conical shaft can be limited through the gland, the expansion block is provided with a space moving in the radial direction of the end face of the gland, the annular copper sheet wraps and is fixedly connected to the expansion block, and a welding seam groove with the preset width and the preset depth is formed in the annular copper sheet; a deformation control clamp is adopted, in the state that the axial position of a gland is fixed, a conical shaft is rotated to enable a conical shaft body in the middle of the conical shaft to axially move under the rotation effect, so that an expansion block is shrunk or expanded, and in the state that the expansion block is expanded, the expansion block and an annular copper sheet are supported on the inner wall face of a guide pipe to be welded; and the welding seam groove formed in the annular copper sheet is located in the welding seam position, so that the height of the welding seam is controlled in the welding process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of but not limited to the technical field of deformation control of overlapped welds of arc welding robots, and in particular to a deformation control fixture and a welding method for overlapped welds of arc welding robots. Background Art

[0002] Aircraft ducts play a key role in aircraft structure, responsible for transporting hydraulic oil, fuel, air, etc., and are essential for the normal operation of the aircraft. Aircraft ducts are not only numerous, but also require precise layout and connection to ensure the effective operation of the ducts in the aircraft system. In aircraft manufacturing, welded ducts account for a certain proportion, especially in aircraft duct parts with special product structures.

[0003] For welded conduits, weld reinforcement refers to the height of the metal protruding from the line connecting the two weld toes on the weld surface. Weld reinforcement refers to the deposited metal that bulges out from the surface of the parent material or the part above the connecting line at the end of the fillet weld. The existence of weld reinforcement destroys the continuity of the geometric shape of the weld surface, and will produce additional bending moment due to sudden changes in the shape, causing higher local stress. These crack sources caused by weld defects will accelerate the expansion under the action of local stress until they break, seriously affecting the quality of the weld.

[0004] Therefore, how to control the weld excess height of the catheter welding seam and how to control the height of the weld excess height within a preset height range (for example, 0.5 mm) when the weld is fully penetrated have become important problems affecting the weld quality. Summary of the invention

[0005] Purpose of the invention: In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the embodiments of the present invention provide a deformation control fixture and a welding method for lap welds of an arc welding robot, so as to achieve the purpose of controlling the weld excess height of the catheter welding seam, and to achieve the technical requirement of controlling the height of the weld excess height within a preset height range when the weld is fully penetrated.

[0006] Technical solution of the present invention: In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a deformation control fixture for lap welds of an arc welding robot, comprising: a connecting shaft 1, a coupling 2, a tapered shaft 3, a pressing sheet 4, a hexagonal screw 9, an annular copper sheet 10, a pressure cover 11 and a swelling block 12;

[0007] Among them, one end of the tapered shaft 3 is connected to one end of the coupling 2, and the other end of the coupling 2 is connected to the connecting shaft 1, so that the tapered shaft 3 and the connecting shaft 1 transmit torque through the coupling 2;

[0008] The outer part of the conical shaft body in the middle of the conical shaft 3 is sleeved with a swelling block 12, and the pressing sheet 4 and the pressure cover 11 are relatively arranged at the two ends of the swelling block 12, and a plurality of hexagonal screws 9 are used to connect the pressing sheet 4, the swelling block 12 and the pressure cover 11 into an integral structure; the pressure cover 11 is threadedly connected to the conical shaft 3, so that the axial position of the swelling block 12 on the conical shaft 3 is limited by the pressure cover 11, and the swelling block 12 has space for radial movement along the end surface of the pressure cover 11; the annular copper sheet 10 is wrapped and fixedly connected to the swelling block 12, and a welding groove with a preset width and a preset depth is formed on the annular copper sheet 10;

[0009] The deformation control fixture is used to rotate the tapered shaft 3 while fixing the axial position of the gland 11, so that the middle tapered shaft body produces axial movement under the action of rotation, thereby contracting or expanding the expansion block 12. When the expansion block 12 is expanded, the expansion block 12 and the annular copper sheet 10 are supported on the inner wall surface of the conduit to be welded, and the weld groove opened on the annular copper sheet 10 is located at the weld position, so as to control the weld height during welding.

[0010] Optionally, in the deformation control fixture for lap weld of arc welding robot as described above,

[0011] An annular boss is provided at one end of the tapered shaft 3 connected to the coupling 2, which is used to limit the axial position of the tapered shaft 3. A symmetrical shaft plane is formed on the cylindrical shaft between the annular boss and the middle tapered shaft body, which is used to rotate the tapered shaft 3 by clamping it at the shaft plane through a tool. A top hole is opened on the end face of the other end of the tapered shaft.

[0012] Optionally, in the deformation control fixture for lap weld of arc welding robot as described above,

[0013] The pressing sheet 4 is configured as a circular thin sheet structure, and a plurality of screw holes are evenly arranged along the circumference of the circular ring; a threaded hole is opened on the central axis of the pressing cover 11, which is used to be integrally screwed to the end of the tapered shaft 3 through its threaded hole; the cover body located at one end of the pressing cover 11 is configured as a circular thin sheet structure, and a plurality of screw holes corresponding to the positions on the pressing sheet 4 are evenly arranged along the circumference of the circular ring; the other end of the pressing cover 11 is configured as a hexagonal prism structure; when the expansion block 12 is contracted or expanded, a tool is used to clamp the hexagonal prism structure of the pressing cover 11 and keep the pressing cover 11 from rotating;

[0014] The pressing piece 4 is fitted on the end face of the expansion block 12 close to the coupling 2, and the cover body of the pressure cap 11 is fitted on the other end face of the expansion block 12. An axial through hole is provided in the expansion block 12, and the two ends of the hexagonal screw 9 passing through the through hole in the expansion block 12 are respectively screwed to the pressing piece 4 and the pressure cap 11, so as to connect the pressing piece 4 and the pressure cap 11 to the end faces on both sides of the expansion block 12, and keep a fixed distance between the pressing piece 4 and the pressure cap 11.

[0015] Optionally, in the deformation control fixture for lap weld of arc welding robot as described above,

[0016] A plurality of cylindrical pins are arranged on the end surface of the cover body of the pressure cover 11 facing the expansion block 12, and a waist-shaped hole is opened at the corresponding position of the expansion block 12 for contracting or expanding along the direction of the waist-shaped hole through the waist-shaped hole in cooperation with the expansion block 12.

[0017] Optionally, in the deformation control fixture for lap weld of arc welding robot as described above,

[0018] The expansion block 12 is configured as a cylindrical structure with an inner conical hole, including two ring-segment expansion blocks circumferentially surrounding the outside of the conical shaft body in the middle of the conical shaft 3;

[0019] The annular copper sheet 10 has two pieces, both of which are arranged as semicircular thin sheets, and a plurality of through holes are opened on the wall surface, and the annular copper sheet 10 and the expansion block 12 are screwed together by screws; wherein, the annular copper sheet 10 has a welding groove with a preset width and a preset depth at the weld position, which is used to control the height of the weld excess height within the preset depth range during the welding operation.

[0020] Optionally, the deformation control fixture for the lap weld of the arc welding robot as described above further includes: a tension spring 14, or a tension spring 14 and a tension spring rod 13;

[0021] The two ring segment expansion blocks of the expansion block 12 are provided with at least one annular groove along the circumferential direction;

[0022] Wherein, in each annular groove of the expansion block 12, a tension spring 14 is installed around the circumference, which is used to apply radial pressure to the two circumferentially surrounding ring expansion blocks; or,

[0023] A plurality of axially parallel tension spring rods 13 are pressed into the outer cylindrical surface of the expansion block 12 along the circumference of each annular groove, and a tension spring 14 is hung between adjacent tension spring rods 13 to apply radial pressure to the two circumferentially surrounding ring-segment expansion blocks.

[0024] Optionally, in the deformation control fixture for lap weld of arc welding robot as described above,

[0025] The hexagonal screw 9 is provided with a small diameter rod in the middle thereof, so as to avoid the tension spring 14 on the expansion block 12 through the small diameter rod.

[0026] The connecting shaft 1 is configured as a hollow shaft, both ends of the hollow shaft are respectively connected with joints, and a plurality of weight-reducing holes are opened on the shaft wall of the hollow shaft.

[0027] Optionally, in the deformation control fixture for lap weld of arc welding robot as described above,

[0028] The joint at one end of the connecting shaft 1 is set as a stepped shaft structure, and the deformation control fixture is installed on the three-jaw chuck 5 of the welding equipment through the stepped shaft at the end of the connecting shaft 1;

[0029] A top hole is provided on the end face of the tapered shaft 3 which is not connected to the coupling 2, and the top hole is pressed against the top 8 located on the same axis as the three-jaw chuck 5 in the welding equipment; thereby the deformation control fixture and the conduit supported by the fixture are clamped by the three-jaw chuck 5 and the top 8 of the welding equipment.

[0030] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a welding method for an arc welding robot lap weld, wherein the deformation control fixture for an arc welding robot lap weld as described in any one of the above items is used to support the aircraft duct to cooperate with the arc welding robot to perform the lap weld operation; the welding method comprises:

[0031] Step 1, install one end of the connecting shaft 1 on the three-jaw chuck 5 of the welding equipment;

[0032] Step 2, insert the tapered shaft body part of the tapered shaft 3 with the expansion block 12 installed into the conduit to be welded as a whole, and use a tool to clamp and rotate the tapered shaft 3 while the gland 11 is fixed by a clamp to restrict its rotation, so that the tapered shaft body moves toward the end away from the coupling 2, so that the expansion block 12 expands to support the inner wall of the conduit to support the conduit to be welded;

[0033] Step 3, using a coupling 2 to connect the tapered shaft 3 with the conduit and the connecting shaft 1 to form an integral structure;

[0034] Step 4, place the top hole of the end of the tapered shaft 1 on the top 8 of the welding equipment to fix the deformation control fixture 6 and the guide tube;

[0035] Step 5, programming the arc welding robot so that the arc welding robot 7 performs welding operation at the weld of the conduit;

[0036] Step 6, after completing the welding of the catheter, remove the deformation control fixture 6 and the welded catheter from the three-jaw chuck 5, remove the tapered shaft 3 and the catheter it is mounted on from the coupling 2, and while fixing the pressure cover 11 with the fixture to restrict its rotation, use a tool to clamp and rotate the tapered shaft 3 so that its tapered shaft body moves toward the end away from the coupling 2, thereby shrinking the expansion block 12 and completing the welding.

[0037] Optionally, in the welding method for lap welds of an arc welding robot as described above,

[0038] During the welding process in step 5, the three-jaw chuck 5 of the welding equipment drives the connecting shaft 1 to drive the deformation control fixture 6, so that the catheter rotates with the deformation control fixture 6 to implement the welding of the annular weld or the intersection line on the catheter, and the welding height is controlled by the weld groove set on the annular copper sheet 10.

[0039] Beneficial effects of the present invention: The embodiment of the present invention provides a deformation control fixture for lap welds of arc welding robots. Before welding, the tapered shaft 3 of the deformation control fixture is passed through the conduit to be welded, and clamped on the three-jaw chuck 5 through the end joint of the connecting shaft 1, and the top hole at the end of the tapered shaft 3 is pressed on the top 8 to fix the overall deformation control fixture; and the overall fixture is rotated with the connecting shaft 1 fixedly mounted on the three-jaw chuck 5, and the torque is transmitted between the tapered shaft 3 and the connecting shaft 1 through the coupling 1, so as to ensure that the conduit can rotate with the deformation control fixture during welding, so as to weld the circumferential weld and the intersecting line weld. Before welding, it is necessary to expand the expansion block 12 to the inner wall of the conduit to achieve the function of supporting the inner wall of the conduit during welding, and the expansion method is: when the pressure cover 11 is fixed by a tool to keep it from rotating, the expansion block 12 is expanded to the inner wall of the conduit by rotating the tapered shaft 3 to achieve the movement of its tapered shaft body, so that the conduit to be welded is supported. In addition, the weld groove of the annular copper sheet 10 wrapped in the expansion block 12 is placed at the welding position to control the weld height within a preset height range; during welding, the entire conduit rotates with the deformation control fixture 6 through the three-jaw chuck 5 to facilitate the welding operation. The deformation control fixture provided in the embodiment of the present invention can not only provide a pipe wall support effect around the weld, but also provide a height control effect of the weld, thereby improving the quality of the weld, effectively controlling the excess height, and reducing welding deformation. Specifically, the deformation control fixture provided in the embodiment of the present invention can effectively control the excess height of the weld under the condition of full penetration by opening a weld groove of a preset height (for example, 0.5 mm) at the annular copper sheet 10 corresponding to the product weld, thereby achieving the technical effect of reducing welding deformation and improving weld quality. Furthermore, the deformation control fixture provided in the embodiment of the present invention is flexible to install and disassemble, and can realize automatic welding of the entire process in conjunction with an arc welding robot and a three-jaw chuck and a top of the welding equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the technical solution of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present application, they are used to explain the technical solution of the present invention and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solution of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the appearance structure of a deformation control fixture for lap welds of an arc welding robot provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 2for Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of a deformation control fixture for an arc welding robot lap weld provided by the illustrated embodiment;

[0043] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a tapered shaft in a deformation control fixture for lap welds of an arc welding robot provided in the illustrated embodiment;

[0044] Figure 4 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a connecting shaft in a deformation control fixture for lap welds of an arc welding robot provided in the illustrated embodiment;

[0045] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the installation structure of a deformation control fixture for lap welds of an arc welding robot provided in an embodiment of the present invention on welding equipment.

[0046] Description of reference numerals:

[0047] 1-connecting shaft, 2-coupling, 3-tapered shaft, 4-pressing sheet, 5-three-jaw chuck, 6-deformation control fixture, 7-arc welding robot, 8-top, 9-hexagonal screw, 10-annular copper sheet, 11-pressure cover, 12-expansion block, 13-tension spring rod, 14-tension spring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clear, the embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present application can be combined with each other arbitrarily without conflict.

[0049] The above background technology has already explained the important role of aircraft ducts, and explained that welded ducts account for a certain proportion in aircraft manufacturing. Specifically, the proportion of aircraft ducts in aircraft manufacturing is significant, and they play an indispensable role in the structural integrity, function realization and safety of aircraft. In aircraft manufacturing, the proportion of aircraft duct welding is about 25% to 35%, especially in the parts with special aircraft duct product structures. The proportion of duct welding reflects the important position of welding technology in aircraft manufacturing, especially in the manufacture of aircraft ducts, the application of welding technology is very extensive.

[0050] For the widely used welded conduits, the weld reinforcement should be controlled in the welding process to avoid the weld reinforcement destroying the continuity of the weld surface geometry and generating additional bending moment due to sudden changes in the shape, resulting in high local stress and other problems. Therefore, how to control the weld reinforcement of the conduit welding seam and how to control the height of the weld reinforcement within a preset height (for example, 0.5 mm) under the condition of full penetration have become important problems affecting the quality of the weld.

[0051] In response to the above-mentioned problems and the need to control the weld residual height, an embodiment of the present invention provides a deformation control fixture and a welding method for lap welds of an arc welding robot, which is used to install the support fixture into the conduit to be welded before welding, expand the conduit to achieve the function of supporting the inner wall of the conduit during welding, thereby controlling the weld residual height.

[0052] The present invention provides the following specific embodiments which can be combined with each other. The same or similar concepts or processes may not be described in detail in some embodiments.

[0053] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the external structure of a deformation control fixture for lap welds of an arc welding robot provided in an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 2 for Figure 1 The embodiment shown is a cross-sectional view of a deformation control fixture for an arc welding robot lap weld. Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the overall structure of the deformation control fixture for lap welds of arc welding robots provided in an embodiment of the present invention includes: a connecting shaft 1, a coupling 2, a tapered shaft 3, a pressing plate 4, a hexagonal screw 9, an annular copper sheet 10, a pressure cover 11 and a swelling block 12.

[0054] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 In the structure of the deformation control fixture shown, one end of the tapered shaft 3 is connected to one end of the coupling 2, and the other end of the coupling 2 is connected to the connecting shaft 1, so that the connecting shaft 1, the coupling 2 and the tapered shaft 3 form an integral structure of coaxial connection, that is, the torque is transmitted between the tapered shaft 3 and the connecting shaft 1 through the coupling 2; thereby ensuring that the catheter can rotate with the deformation control fixture during the welding process to facilitate the welding operation of the circumferential weld and the intersection line.

[0055] like Figure 2 In the structure of the deformation control fixture shown, an expansion block 12 is sleeved on the outside of the tapered shaft body in the middle of the tapered shaft 3, and a pressing sheet 4 and a pressure cover 11 are relatively arranged at both ends of the expansion block 12, and a plurality of hexagonal screws 9 are used to connect the pressing sheet 4, the expansion block 12 and the pressure cover 11 into an integral structure; in addition, the pressure cover 11 is threadedly connected to the tapered shaft 3, and the expansion block 12 has a space for radial displacement along the end face of the pressure cover 11, which is used to limit the axial position of the expansion block 12 on the tapered shaft 3 through the pressure cover 11; the annular copper sheet 10 is wrapped and fixedly connected to the expansion block 12, and a weld groove with a preset width and a preset depth is formed on the annular copper sheet 10.

[0056] The deformation control fixture of the above structure provided by the embodiment of the present invention passes through the conduit to be welded through the tapered shaft 3, and the expansion block 12 needs to be supported on the inner wall of the conduit before welding; in a specific implementation, when the axial position of the gland 11 is fixed, the tapered shaft 3 is rotated so that the middle tapered shaft body moves axially under the action of rotation, thereby contracting or expanding the expansion block 12. It should be noted that when the expansion block 12 is expanded, the expansion block 12 and the annular copper sheet 10 are supported on the inner wall surface of the conduit to be welded, and the weld groove opened on the annular copper sheet 10 is located at the weld position, so as to control the weld height during welding.

[0057] In one implementation of the embodiment of the present invention, an implementation of the tapered shaft 3 is provided, such as Figure 3 As shown, Figure 1 The illustrated embodiment provides a schematic structural diagram of a tapered shaft in a deformation control fixture for lap welds of an arc welding robot.

[0058] In this implementation, an annular boss is provided at one end of the tapered shaft 3 connected to the coupling 2, which is used to limit the axial position of the tapered shaft 3. A symmetrical shaft plane is formed on the cylindrical shaft between the annular boss and the middle tapered shaft body by chamfering on both sides, which is used to clamp the tapered shaft 3 at the shaft plane by a tool, and the clamping tool is used to rotate the tapered shaft 3. A top hole is opened on the end face of the other end of the tapered shaft, which is used to cooperate and fix with the top 8 on the welding equipment.

[0059] It should be noted that the embodiment of the present invention does not limit the direction of the conical surface of the conical shaft body on the conical shaft 3. Figure 2 Taking the large end of the cone at the end connected to the coupling 2 as an example, when the conical surface direction of the conical shaft is opposite, only the rotation direction of the shrinking or expanding expansion block 12 is affected.

[0060] In one implementation of the embodiment of the present invention, Figure 2 The connection structure of the pressing sheet 4, the pressing cover 11 and the expansion block 12 is shown. In this implementation, the pressing sheet 4 is set as a circular thin sheet structure, and multiple screw holes are evenly distributed along the circumference of the circular ring. In addition, a threaded hole is opened on the central axis of the pressing cover 11, which is used to be integrally screwed to the end of the tapered shaft 3 through its threaded hole. Figure 2 Taking the example of the pressure cover 11 being screwed at one end close to the top hole, the cover body at one end of the pressure cover 11 is arranged as a circular thin sheet structure, and a plurality of screw holes corresponding to the positions on the pressure sheet 4 are evenly distributed along the circumference of the circular ring, and the other end of the pressure cover 11 is arranged as a hexagonal prism structure, which is used to clamp the hexagonal prism structure of the pressure cover 11 with a tool when the expansion block 12 is contracted or expanded, and keep the pressure cover 11 from rotating.

[0061] In a specific implementation, the pressing piece 4 is attached to the end face of the expansion block 12 close to the coupling 2, and the cover body of the pressure cap 11 is attached to the other end face of the expansion block 12. An axial through hole is provided in the expansion block 12, and the two ends of the hexagonal screw 9 passing through the through hole in the expansion block 12 are respectively screwed to the pressing piece 4 and the pressure cap 11, so as to connect the pressing piece 4 and the pressure cap 11 to the end faces on both sides of the expansion block 12, and keep a fixed distance between the pressing piece 4 and the pressure cap 11.

[0062] In the specific implementation, Figure 2 As shown, the structure of the radial movement of the expansion block 12 along the end face of the pressure cover 11 can be that a plurality of cylindrical pins are arranged on the end face of the cover body of the pressure cover 11 facing the expansion block 12, and a waist-shaped hole is opened at the corresponding position of the expansion block 12, which is used to cooperate with the expansion block 12 to shrink or expand along the direction of the waist-shaped hole through the waist-shaped hole.

[0063] In one implementation of the embodiment of the present invention, since the invention is applicable to welding of annular welds or intersecting lines, the expansion block 12 is configured as a cylindrical structure with an inner conical hole, for example, including two ring-segment expansion blocks circumferentially surrounding the outside of the conical shaft body in the middle of the conical shaft 3. Correspondingly, the annular copper sheet 10 is configured as two, both of which are configured as semicircular thin sheets, and a plurality of through holes are opened on the wall surface, and the annular copper sheet 10 and the expansion block 12 are screwed together by screws.

[0064] In a specific implementation, the annular copper sheet 10 is provided with a welding groove of, for example, 8 mm wide and 0.5 mm deep at the welding position, so as to control the height of the welding excess height within 0.5 mm during the welding operation.

[0065] In an implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, the deformation control fixture further includes: a tension spring 14 , or a tension spring 14 and a tension spring rod 13 .

[0066] In this implementation, the two ring segment expansion blocks of the expansion block 12 are provided with at least one annular groove along the circumferential direction.

[0067] In one embodiment, a tension spring 14 is installed around the circumference in each annular groove of the expansion block 12 to apply radial pressure to the two circumferentially surrounding ring expansion blocks; or,

[0068] In another embodiment, a plurality of axially parallel tension spring rods 13 are pressed into the outer cylindrical surface of the expansion block 12 along the circumference of each annular groove, and a tension spring 14 is hung between adjacent tension spring rods 13 to apply radial pressure to the two circumferentially surrounding ring-segment expansion blocks.

[0069] Furthermore, in this implementation, a small-diameter rod is provided in the middle of the hexagonal screw 9 to avoid the tension spring 14 on the expansion block 12 through the small-diameter rod.

[0070] In one implementation of the embodiment of the present invention, an implementation scheme of the connecting shaft 1 is provided, such as Figure 4 As shown, Figure 1 The structural schematic diagram of the connecting shaft in the deformation control fixture for lap welds of arc welding robots provided in the illustrated embodiment. The connecting shaft 1 in this implementation is set as a hollow shaft, and joints are connected to both ends of the hollow shaft, for example, the hollow shaft and the two joints are welded to form an integrated connecting shaft 1; in addition, a plurality of weight-reducing holes are opened on the shaft wall of the hollow shaft.

[0071] In this implementation, the hollow shaft can reduce weight and its large diameter can improve the rigidity of the entire tool. Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the left end joint is used to be fixedly connected to the three-jaw chuck 5, and the right end joint is connected to the coupling 2 to realize the rotation of the entire clamp.

[0072] like Figure 5 , which is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the deformation control fixture for lap welds of an arc welding robot provided in an embodiment of the present invention on welding equipment.

[0073] In a specific application of the deformation control fixture for lap welds of an arc welding robot provided by an embodiment of the present invention, the joint at one end of the connecting shaft 1 is set as a step shaft structure, and the deformation control fixture is installed on the three-jaw chuck 5 of the welding equipment through the step shaft at the end of the connecting shaft 1; in addition, a top hole is set on the end face of the end of the tapered shaft 3 that is not connected to the coupling 2, and the top of the top hole is pressed on the top 8 on the same axis as the three-jaw chuck 5 in the welding equipment; thereby, the deformation control fixture and the conduit supported by the fixture are clamped by the three-jaw chuck 5 and the top 8 of the welding equipment.

[0074] The embodiment of the present invention provides a deformation control fixture for lap welds of arc welding robots. Before welding, the tapered shaft 3 of the deformation control fixture is passed through the conduit to be welded, and clamped on the three-jaw chuck 5 through the end joint of the connecting shaft 1, and the top hole at the end of the tapered shaft 3 is pressed on the top 8 to fix the overall deformation control fixture; and the overall fixture is rotated with the connecting shaft 1 fixedly mounted on the three-jaw chuck 5, and the torque is transmitted between the tapered shaft 3 and the connecting shaft 1 through the coupling 1, so as to ensure that the conduit can rotate with the deformation control fixture during welding, so as to weld the circumferential weld and the intersecting line weld. Before welding, it is necessary to expand the expansion block 12 to the inner wall of the conduit to achieve the function of supporting the inner wall of the conduit during welding, and the expansion method is: when the pressure cover 11 is fixed by a tool to keep it from rotating, the expansion block 12 is expanded to the inner wall of the conduit by rotating the tapered shaft 3 to achieve the movement of its tapered shaft body, so that the conduit to be welded is supported. In addition, the weld groove of the annular copper sheet 10 wrapped in the expansion block 12 is placed at the welding position to control the weld height within a preset height range; during welding, the entire conduit rotates with the deformation control fixture 6 through the three-jaw chuck 5 to facilitate the welding operation. The deformation control fixture provided in the embodiment of the present invention can not only provide a pipe wall support effect around the weld, but also provide a height control effect of the weld, thereby improving the quality of the weld, effectively controlling the excess height, and reducing welding deformation. Specifically, the deformation control fixture provided in the embodiment of the present invention can effectively control the excess height of the weld under the condition of full penetration by opening a weld groove of a preset height (for example, 0.5 mm) at the annular copper sheet 10 corresponding to the product weld, thereby achieving the technical effect of reducing welding deformation and improving weld quality. Furthermore, the deformation control fixture provided in the embodiment of the present invention is flexible to install and disassemble, and can realize automatic welding of the entire process in conjunction with an arc welding robot and a three-jaw chuck and a top of the welding equipment.

[0075] Based on the deformation control fixture for lap welds of arc welding robots provided in the above embodiments of the present invention, the embodiments of the present invention further provide a welding method for lap welds of arc welding robots, and the deformation control fixture for lap welds of arc welding robots provided in any of the above embodiments can be used to support the aircraft duct to cooperate with the arc welding robot to perform the lap weld operation; in the embodiments of the present invention, for example, Figure 1 and Figure 2 The deformation control fixture shown in FIG. Figure 5 The welding method provided by the embodiment of the present invention comprises the following implementation steps:

[0076] Step 1, install one end of the connecting shaft 1 on the three-jaw chuck 5 of the welding equipment;

[0077] At this time, the other end of the connecting shaft 1 is not yet connected to the coupling 2.

[0078] Step 2, insert the tapered shaft body part of the tapered shaft 3 with the expansion block 12 installed into the conduit to be welded as a whole, and use a tool to clamp and rotate the tapered shaft 3 while the gland 11 is fixed by a clamp to restrict its rotation, so that the tapered shaft body moves toward the end away from the coupling 2, so that the expansion block 12 expands to support the inner wall of the conduit to support the conduit to be welded;

[0079] Step 3, using a coupling 2 to connect the tapered shaft 3 with the conduit and the connecting shaft 1 to form an integral structure;

[0080] Step 4, place the top hole of the end of the tapered shaft 1 on the top 8 of the welding equipment to fix the deformation control fixture 6 and the guide tube;

[0081] Step 5, programming the arc welding robot so that the arc welding robot 7 performs welding operation at the weld of the conduit;

[0082] Step 6, after completing the welding of the catheter, remove the deformation control fixture 6 and the welded catheter from the three-jaw chuck 5, remove the tapered shaft 3 and the catheter it is mounted on from the coupling 2, and while fixing the pressure cover 11 with the fixture to restrict its rotation, use a tool to clamp and rotate the tapered shaft 3 so that its tapered shaft body moves toward the end away from the coupling 2, thereby shrinking the expansion block 12 and completing the welding.

[0083] In one implementation of an embodiment of the present invention, during the welding process in step 5, the three-jaw chuck 5 of the welding equipment drives the connecting shaft 1 to drive the deformation control fixture 6, so that the catheter rotates with the deformation control fixture 6 to implement the welding of the annular weld or the intersection line on the catheter, and the welding height is controlled by the weld groove set on the annular copper sheet 10.

[0084] Although the embodiments disclosed in the present invention are as above, the contents are only embodiments adopted to facilitate understanding of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any technician in the field to which the present invention belongs can make any modifications and changes in the form and details of implementation without departing from the spirit and scope disclosed in the present invention, but the patent protection scope of the present invention shall still be subject to the scope defined in the attached claims.

Claims

1. A deformation control fixture for lap welds of arc welding robots, characterized in that: include: A connecting shaft (1), a coupling (2), a tapered shaft (3), a pressing sheet (4), a hexagonal screw (9), an annular copper sheet (10), a pressure cover (11) and a swelling block (12); One end of the tapered shaft (3) is connected to one end of the coupling (2), and the other end of the coupling (2) is connected to the connecting shaft (1), so that the tapered shaft (3) and the connecting shaft (1) transmit torque through the coupling (2); The tapered shaft body in the middle of the tapered shaft (3) is sleeved with an expansion block (12); the pressing sheet (4) and the pressure cover (11) are relatively arranged at the two ends of the expansion block (12); a plurality of hexagonal screws (9) are used to connect the pressing sheet (4), the expansion block (12) and the pressure cover (11) into an integral structure; the pressure cover (11) is threadedly connected to the tapered shaft (3) so as to limit the axial position of the expansion block (12) on the tapered shaft (3) through the pressure cover (11), and the expansion block (12) has space for radial movement along the end surface of the pressure cover (11); the annular copper sheet (10) is wrapped and fixedly connected to the expansion block (12), and a welding groove with a preset width and a preset depth is formed on the annular copper sheet (10); The deformation control fixture is used to rotate the conical shaft (3) while fixing the axial position of the gland (11), so that the middle conical shaft body produces axial movement under the action of rotation, thereby contracting or expanding the expansion block (12). When the expansion block (12) is expanded, the expansion block (12) and the annular copper sheet (10) are supported on the inner wall surface of the conduit to be welded, and the weld groove opened on the annular copper sheet (10) is located at the weld position, so as to control the weld height during welding.

2. The deformation control fixture for lap welds of arc welding robots according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the tapered shaft (3) connected to the coupling (2) is provided with an annular boss for limiting the axial position of the tapered shaft (3); a symmetrical shaft plane is formed on the cylindrical shaft between the annular boss and the middle tapered shaft body, for rotating the tapered shaft (3) by clamping it at the shaft plane with a tool; a top hole is provided on the end face of the other end of the tapered shaft.

3. The deformation control fixture for lap welds of arc welding robots according to claim 2, characterized in that: The pressing sheet (4) is configured as a circular thin sheet structure, and a plurality of screw holes are evenly arranged along the circumference of the circular ring; a threaded hole is opened on the central axis of the pressing cover (11), which is used to be integrally screwed to the end of the tapered shaft (3) through its threaded hole; the cover body located at one end of the pressing cover (11) is configured as a circular thin sheet structure, and a plurality of screw holes corresponding to the positions on the pressing sheet (4) are evenly arranged along the circumference of the circular ring; the other end of the pressing cover (11) is configured as a hexagonal prism structure; when the expansion block (12) is contracted or expanded, a tool is used to clamp the hexagonal prism structure of the pressing cover (11) and keep the pressing cover (11) from rotating; The pressing sheet (4) is fitted on the end face of the expansion block (12) close to the coupling (2), and the cover body of the pressure cover (11) is fitted on the other end face of the expansion block (12). An axial through hole is provided in the expansion block (12), and the two ends of a hexagonal screw (9) passing through the through hole in the expansion block (12) are respectively screwed to the pressing sheet (4) and the pressure cover (11), so as to connect the pressing sheet (4) and the pressure cover (11) to the end faces on both sides of the expansion block (12) and maintain a fixed distance between the pressing sheet (4) and the pressure cover (11).

4. The deformation control fixture for lap welds of arc welding robots according to claim 3, characterized in that: A plurality of cylindrical pins are arranged on the end surface of the cover body of the pressure cover (11) facing the expansion block (12), and a waist-shaped hole is opened at a corresponding position of the expansion block (12) for contracting or expanding along the direction of the waist-shaped hole through the waist-shaped hole in cooperation with the expansion block (12).

5. The deformation control fixture for lap welds of arc welding robots according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The expansion block (12) is configured as a cylindrical structure with an inner conical hole, and comprises two ring-segment expansion blocks circumferentially surrounding the outside of the conical shaft body in the middle of the conical shaft (3); The annular copper sheet (10) has two pieces, both of which are arranged as semicircular thin sheets, and a plurality of through holes are provided on the wall surface thereof, and the annular copper sheet (10) and the expansion block (12) are screwed together by screws; wherein the annular copper sheet (10) is provided with a welding groove of a preset width and a preset depth at the welding seam position, so as to control the height of the welding seam excess height within the range of the preset depth during the welding operation.

6. The deformation control fixture for lap welds of arc welding robots according to claim 5, characterized in that: Also includes: A tension spring (14), or a tension spring (14) and a tension spring rod (13); The two ring segment expansion blocks of the expansion block (12) are provided with at least one annular groove along the circumferential direction; Wherein, each annular groove of the expansion block (12) is provided with a tension spring (14) around the circumference, for applying radial pressure to the two circumferentially surrounding ring-segment expansion blocks; or, The outer cylindrical surface of the expansion block (12) is pressed with a plurality of axially parallel tension spring rods (13) along the circumference of each annular groove, and a tension spring (14) is hung between adjacent tension spring rods (13) for applying radial pressure to the two circumferentially surrounding ring segment expansion blocks.

7. The deformation control fixture for lap welds of arc welding robots according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: A small-diameter rod is provided in the middle of the hexagonal screw (9) for avoiding the tension spring (14) on the expansion block (12) through the small-diameter rod; The connecting shaft (1) is configured as a hollow shaft, with joints connected to both ends of the hollow shaft respectively, and a plurality of weight-reducing holes are provided on the shaft wall of the hollow shaft.

8. The deformation control fixture for lap welds of arc welding robots according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The joint at one end of the connecting shaft (1) is configured as a stepped shaft structure, and the deformation control fixture is mounted on a three-jaw chuck (5) of the welding equipment via the stepped shaft at the end of the connecting shaft (1); A top hole is provided on the end surface of the tapered shaft (3) not connected to the coupling (2), and the top hole is used to press against a top (8) located on the same axis as the three-jaw chuck (5) in the welding equipment; thereby, the deformation control fixture and the conduit supported by the fixture are clamped by the three-jaw chuck (5) and the top (8) of the welding equipment.

9. A welding method for lap welds using an arc welding robot, characterized in that: The deformation control fixture for lap weld of arc welding robot as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8 is used to support the aircraft duct to cooperate with the arc welding robot to perform the lap weld operation; the welding method comprises: Step 1, mounting one end of the connecting shaft (1) on a three-jaw chuck (5) of a welding device; Step 2, insert the tapered shaft body part of the tapered shaft (3) equipped with the expansion block (12) into the conduit to be welded as a whole, and when the gland (11) is fixed by a clamp to restrict its rotation, use a tool to clamp and rotate the tapered shaft (3) so that the tapered shaft body moves toward the end away from the coupling (2), thereby expanding the expansion block (12) to support the inner wall of the conduit to play a supporting role for the conduit to be welded; Step 3, using a coupling (2) to connect the tapered shaft (3) with the catheter and the connecting shaft (1) to form an integral structure; Step 4, placing the top hole of the end of the tapered shaft (1) on the top (8) of the welding device to fix and install the deformation control fixture (6) and the guide tube; Step 5, programming the arc welding robot so that the arc welding robot 7 performs welding operation at the weld of the conduit; Step 6, after completing the welding of the catheter, remove the deformation control fixture (6) and the welded catheter from the three-jaw chuck (5), remove the tapered shaft (3) and the catheter mounted thereon from the coupling (2), and while the pressure cover (11) is fixed by the fixture to restrict its rotation, use a tool to clamp and rotate the tapered shaft (3) so that its tapered shaft body moves toward the end away from the coupling (2), thereby shrinking the expansion block (12) and completing the welding.

10. The welding method for lap welds of an arc welding robot according to claim 9, characterized in that: During the welding process in step 5, the three-jaw chuck (5) of the welding equipment drives the connecting shaft (1) to drive the deformation control fixture (6), so that the catheter rotates with the deformation control fixture (6) to implement welding of the annular weld or intersection line on the catheter, and the welding height is controlled by the weld groove provided on the annular copper sheet (10).

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