Component-modularized internal measurement gauge and measurement method

Abstract

The invention discloses an internal measurement gauge with modularized components and a measurement method, and belongs to the technical field of machining measurement equipment. The internal testing fixture provided by the scheme comprises a base, a guide rail, a fixed reference seat, a dial indicator, a main body supporting seat, a right-angle switching rod and a sliding block, the fixed reference seat is fixed at one end of the base, and a first measuring head is detachably arranged on the fixed reference seat; the sliding block is fixed on the base through the guide rail; the main body supporting seat is fixed on the sliding block; the right-angle switching rod comprises a first rod and a second rod which are perpendicular to each other, the right-angle switching rod and the dial indicator are rotationally installed and fixedly installed in the main body supporting seat, the first rod of the right-angle switching rod abuts against a measuring head of the dial indicator, and a second measuring head is detachably arranged on the second rod of the right-angle switching rod. The internal measurement gauge is easy to operate, the measuring head, the right-angle switching rod and the fixed reference seat can be customized according to needs, the problems that a traditional measuring tool is difficult to measure complex structure sizes and the measuring range is limited are solved, the applicability of the measuring tool is improved, and the service life of the measuring tool is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of mechanical processing measuring equipment, and in particular to a modularized internal measuring fixture and a measuring method. Background Art

[0002] Internal measuring fixtures are an indispensable type of measuring equipment in the machining industry. They are widely used to directly measure features such as inner ring groove diameter, cavity diameter, and deep blind hole diameter. At present, commonly used measuring tools include internal diameter micrometers, internal diameter gauges, and internal diameter vernier calipers. However, these traditional tools have the following shortcomings when performing internal diameter inspection:

[0003] 1. Measurement limitations: The measuring heads of internal micrometers and internal vernier calipers are fixed structures. When measuring deep hole parts, especially deep hole ring groove structures, they cannot be directly measured due to the limitations of the ring groove depth and thickness. In addition, these tools are limited by the measuring range and it is difficult to adapt to the measurement needs of multiple structures and sizes at the same time.

[0004] For workpieces with complex structures, such as Figure 1 The inner diameter measurement of the slotted ring structure in the workpiece shown, and Figure 2 It is difficult to measure the distance between different waist grooves in the waist groove block structure workpiece with inner groove using the above-mentioned traditional tools.

[0005] 2. Strong dependence on operating experience: The above-mentioned traditional tools have high requirements on the operator's measurement techniques, and the operator's experience directly affects the measurement accuracy.

[0006] 3. Measurement errors and product quality problems caused by parts that are difficult to replace, wear and damage: The probes and jaws of the above-mentioned traditional tools are in direct contact with the measured object. Long-term use will cause wear, accumulated errors and measurement accidents. In addition, due to their structural design, these vulnerable parts are usually not replaceable. At the same time, metal contact points are prone to scratches or flaws when measuring products with high surface requirements, affecting product quality.

[0007] In view of the above problems, there is an urgent need for an efficient internal testing tool that is simple, interchangeable, widely adaptable and easy to operate, so as to overcome the limitations of existing tools and improve measurement accuracy and efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0008] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: in view of the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, a modular internal measuring and inspection tool is provided, wherein the modular internal measuring and inspection tool comprises a base, a guide rail, a fixed reference seat, a main body measuring device, and a locking and fine-tuning device;

[0009] The base is an L-shaped structure, including a bottom plate and a vertical plate; a first groove is provided in the center of the bottom plate along the length direction of the bottom plate, and the guide rail is fixedly installed in the first groove;

[0010] The fixed reference seat is detachably arranged at the first end of the base, a probe connecting rod is arranged on the fixed reference seat, and a first probe is detachably arranged at the end of the probe connecting rod;

[0011] The main body measuring device includes a dial indicator, a main body support seat, a right-angle transfer rod, and a slider; the slider is slidably connected to the guide rail; the main body support seat is fixedly connected to the slider; the right-angle transfer rod is rotatably installed in the main body support seat; the dial indicator is fixedly installed in the main body support seat; the right-angle transfer rod includes a first rod and a second rod perpendicular to each other; the first rod is located in the main body support seat and abuts against the probe of the dial indicator; the end of the second rod is detachably provided with a second probe;

[0012] The sizes of the second rod and the probe connecting rod match each other;

[0013] The locking fine-adjusting device is located on one side of the first end of the main body measuring device facing the base and is fixedly connected to the main body measuring device. The locking fine-adjusting device is used to lock and fine-adjust the position of the main body measuring device.

[0014] Preferably, the fixed reference seat also includes a base plate connecting portion and a adapter portion; the base plate connecting portion is fixedly connected to the base plate, and the adapter portion is located between the base plate connecting portion and the probe connecting rod; the probe connecting rod extends in a direction perpendicular to the vertical plate away from the base plate, and a first probe is detachably provided on a side of the end of the probe connecting rod facing the first end of the base.

[0015] Preferably, the measuring rod of the micrometer is perpendicular to the guide rail, and the measuring head of the micrometer is facing the direction of the vertical plate; the second rod is located outside the main body support seat and extends away from the base plate, and the end of the second rod is detachably provided with a second measuring head on a side facing the second end of the base, and when the second rod is parallel to the measuring head connecting rod, the connecting line between the first measuring head and the second measuring head is perpendicular to the measuring rod of the micrometer.

[0016] Preferably, the locking fine-tuning device comprises a fine-tuning pressure plate, a locking screw, a fine-tuning screw, a fine-tuning fixed slider, a top block, a fine-tuning spring and a guide column; the fine-tuning fixed slider is slidably connected to the guide rail, and the top block is fixed to the bottom of the fine-tuning fixed slider; the fine-tuning pressure plate comprises a pressure plate and a side plate vertically connected to each other, the first end of the pressure plate is located above the fine-tuning fixed slider, the second end of the pressure plate is located between the slider and the main body support seat, the side plate is located on the side of the fine-tuning fixed slider away from the slider, the first end of the pressure plate is provided with a waist-shaped groove, the locking screw passes through the waist-shaped groove and is fixedly connected to the fine-tuning fixed slider, and the end of the locking screw abuts against the top block; two guide columns are provided on an end face of the fine-tuning fixed slider close to the main measuring device, and each guide column is provided with a fine-tuning spring; the fine-tuning screw passes through the fine-tuning screw fixing hole on the side plate and is fixedly connected to the fine-tuning fixed slider.

[0017] Preferably, the modular internal measuring fixture of the component also includes a right-angle transfer rod limit screw, which is used to limit the extreme position of the rotation of the first rod; the modular internal measuring fixture of the component also includes a micrometer measuring rod limit spring, and the micrometer measuring rod limit spring is mounted outside the measuring needle of the micrometer.

[0018] Preferably, the modular internal measuring fixture of the component also includes a micrometer mounting hole and a micrometer fixing screw, the micrometer is inserted into the micrometer mounting hole, the micrometer fixing screw is fixed to the side of the main support seat close to the first end of the base, and abuts against the fixing rod of the micrometer.

[0019] Preferably, the modular internal measuring and inspection fixture of the component includes a plurality of right-angle transfer rods and the fixed reference seats of different sizes for use in combination; the first rod sizes of the plurality of right-angle transfer rods are the same, the second rod sizes are different, and the lengths of the probe connecting rods of the plurality of fixed reference seats are different; the modular internal measuring and inspection fixture of the component also includes first probes and second probes of various sizes and structures, the bottoms of the first probes and the second probes are threaded structures, and the first probe and the second probe are fixedly connected to the probe connecting rod and the second rod respectively through threads.

[0020] Preferably, the first probe and the second probe are made of wear-resistant and low-hardness materials, including POM, copper, and aluminum alloy; the right-angle transfer rod and the fixed reference seat are made of corrosion-resistant rigid materials, including 304 stainless steel and 316 stainless steel.

[0021] Preferably, the modular internal testing fixture also includes standard blocks of various standard sizes and structures.

[0022] In addition, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a measurement method, which uses the modular internal measuring fixture as described above to measure the size of a workpiece, and the method includes the following steps:

[0023] Step S1, using the upper limit size standard block to zero the micrometer of the internal measuring fixture, and then locking the main measuring device through the locking fine-tuning device;

[0024] Step S2, measuring the lower limit size standard block, and recording the reading of the micrometer as the standard deviation value of the upper and lower limit sizes;

[0025] Step S3, measuring the workpiece to be measured, comparing the reading of the micrometer with the standard deviation values ​​of the upper and lower limit sizes, if the reading of the micrometer is greater than the standard deviation values ​​of the upper and lower limit sizes, it means that the actual size of the workpiece is smaller than the lower limit of the design size, if the reading of the micrometer is less than zero, it means that the actual size of the workpiece exceeds the upper limit of the design size, otherwise, it means that the actual size of the workpiece meets the tolerance.

[0026] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: the modular internal measuring fixture provided by the present invention comprises a base, a guide rail, a fixed reference seat, and a main body measuring device; the main body measuring device comprises a micrometer, a main body support seat, a right-angle transfer rod, and a slider; the fixed reference seat is fixed to one end of the base, and a first probe is detachably provided on the fixed reference seat; the guide rail is fixed to the base, the slider is slidably connected to the guide rail, and the main body support seat is fixed to the slider; the right-angle transfer rod comprises a first rod and a second rod perpendicular to each other, the right-angle transfer rod is rotatably installed in the main body support seat, the micrometer is fixedly installed in the main body support seat, the first rod of the right-angle transfer rod abuts against the probe of the micrometer to convert the measurement in the horizontal direction into the measurement in the vertical direction, and the second rod is detachably provided with a second probe. The internal measuring fixture of the present invention is easy to operate and has low skill requirements for operators. The probe, right-angle adapter rod, and fixed reference seat are all detachable and have a simple structure. They can be customized as needed to meet the measurement needs of different depths, complex structures, and materials. The problem that traditional measuring tools are difficult to measure the dimensions of complex structures is solved. The slide rail increases the measuring range, and the replaceable components reduce the maintenance cost of the measuring tool, thereby improving the applicability and service life of the measuring tool. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0028] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the complex workpiece structure with grooves.

[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the workpiece structure with grooved waist groove block.

[0030] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a modular internal testing fixture provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 4 An assembly diagram of a modular internal testing fixture provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a main body support base of a modular internal testing fixture provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the main body support base of the modular internal testing fixture provided by an embodiment of the present invention from another perspective.

[0034] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a locking fine-tuning device of a modular internal testing fixture provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 8-Figure 10 A schematic structural diagram of a probe of a modular internal testing fixture provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 11-13 A schematic structural diagram of a right-angle transfer rod of an internal testing fixture with modular components provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 14-16 A schematic structural diagram of a reference fixing seat of a modular internal testing fixture provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] Fig.17 A schematic structural diagram of a standard block of a modular internal testing fixture provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0039] Fig.18 A schematic diagram of a method for measuring a standard block of a modular internal testing fixture of a component provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] Fig.19 The modular internal test fixture for the components provided in the embodiment of the present invention is used for measuring Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the method for the structure shown.

[0041] Fig. 20 The modular internal test fixture for the components provided in the embodiment of the present invention is used for measuring Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the method for the structure shown.

[0042] In the attached picture:

[0043] 100, base; 110, bottom plate; 120, vertical plate; 111, first groove; 112, second groove; 121, third groove;

[0044] 200, guide rail;

[0045] 300, fixed reference seat; 310, probe connecting rod; 320, base plate connecting part; 330, adapter;

[0046] 400, main body measuring device; 410, dial gauge; 411, measuring rod of dial gauge; 412, measuring rod limit spring of dial gauge; 413, fixing rod of dial gauge; 414, fixing screw of dial gauge; 420, main body supporting seat; 421, first rotating shaft mounting hole; 422, transfer rod accommodating cavity; 423, dial gauge mounting hole; 430, right-angle transfer rod; 431, first rod; 432, second rod; 433, right-angle transfer rod limit screw; 434, second rotating shaft mounting hole; 435, rotating shaft; 440, slider;

[0047] 500, locking fine-tuning device; 510, fine-tuning pressure plate; 511, pressure plate; 512, side plate; 513, waist-shaped groove; 514, fine-tuning screw fixing hole; 520, locking screw; 530, fine-tuning screw; 540, fine-tuning fixing slider; 550, top block; 560, fine-tuning spring; 570, guide column;

[0048] 600, a first measuring head; 610, a second measuring head. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0050] The embodiments of the present invention are further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the specification. It should be understood that the embodiments described herein are only used to illustrate and explain the present invention, and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0051] The present invention aims to solve the deficiencies of existing traditional measuring tools, especially the problems encountered in the workshop when detecting inner diameters and grooves, such as deep holes, deep groove inner diameter detection, ring groove detection of different specifications, dimensional measurement of complex structure workpieces, and measurement inaccuracy caused by continuous wear of the gauge probe, single function of conventional gauges, high operating skill requirements, limited range, low applicability and limited maintenance. To this end, an embodiment of the present invention provides a modular internal measuring gauge, which is mainly composed of a slide rail, a main support seat, a micrometer, a right-angle adapter rod, a fixed reference seat, a fine-tuning device, and a probe. Among them, the right-angle adapter rod, the probe, and the fixed reference seat are all detachable structures and can be customized as needed to meet the measurement requirements of different depths, different structures and materials. The slide rail increases the measurement range, and the replaceable components greatly improve the applicability and service life of the measuring tool.

[0052] like Figure 3-Figure 4 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a modular internal testing fixture, which includes a base 100, a guide rail 200, a fixed reference seat 300, a main body measuring device 400, and a locking fine-tuning device 500;

[0053] The base 100 is an L-shaped structure, including a bottom plate 110 and a vertical plate 120 ; a first groove 111 arranged along the length direction of the bottom plate is arranged in the center of the bottom plate 110 , and the guide rail 200 is fixedly installed in the first groove 111 .

[0054] The fixed reference seat 300 is detachably disposed at the first end of the base 100 . A probe connecting rod 310 is disposed on the fixed reference seat 300 . A first probe 600 is detachably disposed at the end of the probe connecting rod 310 .

[0055] The fixed reference base 300 is mainly used to fix the first probe 600. The present invention has no particular limitation on the structure of the fixed reference base 300. Figure 1 As shown, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the fixed reference seat 300 further includes a bottom plate connecting portion 320 and an adapter portion 330; the bottom plate connecting portion 320 is fixedly connected to the bottom plate 110, and the adapter portion 330 is located between the bottom plate connecting portion 320 and the probe connecting rod 310; the probe connecting rod 310 extends in a direction perpendicular to the vertical plate 120 away from the bottom plate 110, and the end of the probe connecting rod 310 is detachably provided with a first probe 600 on a side facing the first end of the base 100. Further, as Figure 1As shown, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the bottom plate connecting part 320 and the adapter part 330 are both in the shape of a cuboid, the cross-sectional size of the bottom plate connecting part 320 is larger than that of the adapter part 330, the bottom plate 110 is provided with a second groove 112 matching the bottom plate connecting part 320, the vertical plate 120 is provided with a third groove 121 matching the bottom plate connecting part 320 and the adapter part 330, the bottom of the bottom plate connecting part 320 is embedded in the second groove 112, and is fixedly connected to the bottom plate 110 by screws, the sides of the bottom plate connecting part 320 and the adapter part 330 are embedded in the third groove 121, and the probe connecting rod 310 is located at the upper part of the end face of the adapter part 330 away from the bottom plate 110. The fixed reference seat 300 and the first probe 600 are both detachable and can be replaced according to measurement needs and wear conditions.

[0056] The main body measuring device 400 includes a micrometer 410, a main body support seat 420, a right-angle transfer rod 430, and a slider 440; the slider 440 is slidably connected to the guide rail 200; the main body support seat 420 is fixedly connected to the slider 440; the right-angle transfer rod 430 is rotatably installed in the main body support seat 420; the micrometer 410 is fixedly installed in the main body support seat 420; the right-angle transfer rod 430 includes a first rod 431 and a second rod 432 that are perpendicular to each other; the first rod 431 is located in the main body support seat 420 and abuts against the probe of the micrometer 410; the end of the second rod 432 is detachably provided with a second probe 610. Figure 5-Figure 6 As shown, the main body support seat 420 is provided with a first rotating shaft mounting hole 421, and the right angle position of the right angle transfer rod 430 is provided with a second rotating shaft mounting hole 434, and the rotating shaft 435 passes through the first rotating shaft mounting hole 421 and the second rotating shaft mounting hole 434 to rotatably install the right angle transfer rod 430 on the main body support seat 420. The main body support seat 420 is provided with a transfer rod accommodating cavity 422 for accommodating the first rod 431, and the first rod 431 rotates in the transfer rod accommodating cavity 422 with the rotating shaft 435 as the axis. The right angle transfer rod 430 and the second probe 610 are both detachable and can be replaced according to measurement needs and wear conditions.

[0057] The sizes of the second rod 432 and the probe connecting rod 310 match each other.

[0058] In the embodiment of the present invention, the measuring rod 411 of the micrometer is perpendicular to the guide rail 200, and the measuring head of the micrometer 410 faces the vertical plate 120; the second rod 432 is located outside the main body support seat 420 and extends in a direction away from the bottom plate 110, and the second measuring head 610 is detachably provided on the end of the second rod 432 facing the second end of the base 100. When the second rod 432 is parallel to the measuring head connecting rod 310, the connecting line of the first measuring head 600 and the second measuring head 610 is perpendicular to the measuring rod 411 of the micrometer. The micrometer 410 is arranged opposite to the right-angle adapter rod 430 to convert the horizontal measurement into the vertical measurement, and the right-angle adapter rod 430 can be easily replaced.

[0059] like Figure 1 As shown, the probe connecting rod 310 and the second rod 432 form a pair of back-to-back measuring claws. When measuring, the workpiece to be measured is placed flat against the vertical plate 120, and the first probe 600 and the second probe 610 are respectively in contact with the part to be measured. The height design of the vertical plate 120 needs to meet the needs of conventional workpiece size measurement.

[0060] In the embodiment of the present invention, the modular internal measuring and inspection tool of the component also includes a right-angle transfer rod limit screw 433, which is fixed in the main body support seat 420 and is used to limit the extreme position of the rotation of the first rod 431; when the lower end surface of the first rod 431 away from the end of the second rod 432 abuts against the right-angle transfer rod limit screw 433, the first rod 431 will not be able to continue to rotate in the clockwise direction. The modular internal measuring and inspection tool of the component also includes a micrometer measuring rod limit spring 412, which is sleeved outside the measuring needle 411 of the micrometer, and the counterclockwise rotation angle of the first rod 431 is limited by the micrometer measuring rod limit spring 412.

[0061] In the embodiment of the present invention, the modular internal measuring fixture of the assembly further includes a dial gauge mounting hole 423 and a dial gauge fixing screw 414, the dial gauge 410 is inserted into the dial gauge mounting hole 423, the dial gauge fixing screw 414 is fixed to the side of the main body support seat 420 close to the first end of the base 100, and abuts against the fixing rod 413 of the dial gauge. During the rotation of the first rod 431, the measuring needle of the dial gauge 410 moves accordingly, and the dial and fixing rod of the dial gauge 410 are fixed in the main body support seat 420 by the dial gauge fixing screw 414.

[0062] In an embodiment of the present invention, the modular internal measuring fixture of the component includes a plurality of right-angle adapter rods 430 and the fixed reference seat 300 of different sizes for use in conjunction with each other; the first rods 431 of the plurality of right-angle adapter rods 430 are of the same size, the second rods 432 are of different sizes, and the lengths of the probe connecting rods 310 of the plurality of fixed reference seats 300 are of different sizes. The second rods 432 and the probe connecting rods 310 of different lengths can adapt to the measurement of workpiece dimensions of different depths. The greater the depth value of the measured position, the greater the required length of the second rod 432 and the probe connecting rod 310. In addition, because the second rod 432 and the probe connecting rod 310 act as measuring claws in the measurement, the cross-sectional dimensions of the second rod 432 and the probe connecting rod 310 can also be customized as needed. For small-sized grooves, the second rod 432 and the probe connecting rod 310 with smaller cross-sections can be used. Figure 11-Figure 16 The figure shows three different sizes of right angle adapter rods 430 and fixed reference bases 300. Figure 11-13 In the embodiment, the length of the first rod 431 of the right-angle transfer rod 430 is 36 mm, and the lengths of the second rod 432 are 27 mm, 36 mm, and 56 mm, respectively. Figure 14-16 The sizes of the probe connecting rod of the fixed reference seat are 15.61mm, 24.61mm, and 42.61mm respectively. The right-angle transfer rod with a second rod length of 27mm is used with a fixed reference seat 300 with a probe connecting rod length of 15.61mm, the right-angle transfer rod with a second rod length of 36mm is used with a probe connecting rod length of 24.61mm, and the right-angle transfer rod with a second rod length of 56mm is used with a fixed reference seat with a probe connecting rod length of 42.61mm. The right-angle transfer rod 430 and the fixed reference seat 300 provided in the embodiment of the present invention have a simple structure, and the machining manufacturer can produce the right-angle transfer rod and the fixed reference seat according to the measurement needs, and then assemble them with other components of the internal measurement fixture for use. The lengths of the second rod 432 and the probe connecting rod 310 need to meet the following condition: when the second rod 432 is parallel to the probe connecting rod 310 , the line connecting the first probe 600 and the second probe 610 is perpendicular to the probe rod 411 of the micrometer.

[0063] The present invention has no special restrictions on the connection method between the probe and the inspection fixture. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the modular internal inspection fixture of the component also includes a first probe 600 and a second probe 610 of various sizes and structures, the bottom of the first probe 600 and the second probe 610 are threaded structures, and the first probe 600 and the second probe 610 are fixedly connected to the probe connecting rod 310 and the second rod 432 respectively through threads. In actual applications, the first probe 600 and the second probe 610 can have the same structure and size, or probes of different structures or sizes can be selected as the first probe 600 and the second probe 610 respectively as needed. Figure 8-Figure 10 As shown in the figure, there are three probes with different structures. Each probe includes a threaded part at the bottom, a probe tip at the top, and a supporting part in the middle. Figure 8-Figure 10 In the embodiment, the diameters of the support parts are 3.5mm, 4.5mm, and 4.5mm respectively, and the sum of the heights of the tip and the support parts are 8mm, 8mm, and 5mm respectively. Because the right-angle adapter rod will rotate within a small range during the measurement process, the head of the probe is designed to be relatively flat so that the probe can still maintain good contact with the workpiece under test when the right-angle adapter rod rotates. In practical applications, probes of different sizes and structural features can be designed and processed according to the size and material requirements of the workpiece. For example, for narrow grooves, a probe with a smaller diameter can be used in combination with a second rod 432 with a smaller cross-section and a probe connecting rod 310 to meet different measurement needs and reduce the loss of the workpiece under test.

[0064] In the embodiment of the present invention, the first probe 600 and the second probe 610 are made of wear-resistant and low-hardness materials, including POM, copper, and aluminum alloy; the right-angle adapter rod 430 and the fixed reference seat 300 are made of corrosion-resistant rigid materials, including 304 stainless steel and 316 stainless steel.

[0065] The locking fine-tuning device 500 is located on one side of the first end of the main measuring device 400 facing the base 100 and is fixedly connected to the main measuring device 400 . The locking fine-tuning device 500 is used to lock and fine-tune the position of the main measuring device 400 .

[0066] In the embodiment of the present invention, the locking fine-tuning device 500 includes a fine-tuning pressure plate 510, a locking screw 520, a fine-tuning screw 530, a fine-tuning fixed slider 540, a top block 550, a fine-tuning spring 560, and a guide column 570; the fine-tuning fixed slider 540 is slidably connected to the guide rail 200, and the bottom of the fine-tuning fixed slider 540 is provided with a groove matching the top block 550, and the top block 550 is fixed to the bottom of the fine-tuning fixed slider 540; the fine-tuning pressure plate 510 includes a pressure plate 511 and a side plate 512 that are vertically connected to each other; the first end of the pressure plate 511 is located above the fine-tuning fixed slider 510, and the second end of the pressure plate 511 is located between the slider 440 and the main body support seat 420, and the main body support seat 420 presses the second end of the pressure plate 511 on the slider 440, so that the main measuring device 400 and the fine-tuning locking device The device 500 forms an integral whole, the side plate 512 is located on the side of the fine-tuning fixed slider 510 away from the slider 440, the first end of the pressure plate 511 is provided with a waist-shaped groove 513, the locking screw 520 passes through the waist-shaped groove 513 and is fixedly connected to the fine-tuning fixed slider 540, the end of the locking screw 520 abuts against the top block 550, and the top block 550 is used to prevent the locking screw 520 from crushing the guide rail 200; two guide columns 570 are provided on an end face of the fine-tuning fixed slider 540 close to the main measuring device 400, and each of the guide columns 570 is provided with a fine-tuning spring 560, one end of the fine-tuning spring 560 is fixedly connected to the fine-tuning fixed slider 540, and the other end is a free end; the fine-tuning screw 530 passes through the fine-tuning screw fixing hole 514 on the side plate 512 and is fixedly connected to the fine-tuning fixed slider 540. When the locking fine-tuning device 500 is locked, the slider 440 can be moved along with the fine-tuning pressure plate 510 through the fine-tuning screw 530, so as to achieve the purpose of fine-tuning the position of the second probe 610. The fine-tuning range is limited by the damping of the fine-tuning spring 560 and the length of the guide column 570. When the fine-tuning spring 560 is detached from the slider 440 or the fine-tuning spring 560 is compressed to the same length as the guide column 570, fine-tuning can no longer be performed. In the embodiment of the present invention, the fine-tuning range is 1 mm.

[0067] In some embodiments of the present invention, the measuring range of the internal measuring fixture is 15mm-300mm. The minimum measuring range corresponds to the situation where the distance between the second rod 432 and the probe connecting rod 310 is the smallest, and the locking fine-tuning device 500 is located at the edge of the guide rail 200, and the maximum measuring range is mainly limited by the length of the guide rail 200. The above-mentioned measuring range is much larger than that of traditional fixtures. In practical applications, the size of each component of the internal measuring fixture described in the present invention can be adjusted according to the needs of the usage scenario to adjust the measuring range of the assembled internal measuring fixture.

[0068] In the embodiment of the present invention, the modular internal testing fixture also includes standard blocks of various standard sizes and structures. Fig.17 The right-angle U-shaped standard block provided by the embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. In practical applications, standard blocks of various standard sizes and structures can be produced according to common workpiece sizes to calibrate the internal measuring fixture. Fig.18 Schematic diagram of the standard block measurement method.

[0069] The internal measuring tool provided in the embodiment of the present invention can be used not only to measure the inner diameter, but also to measure other dimensions inside the workpiece. Figure 19-20 The figures are respectively the internal test fixture measurement provided by the embodiment of the present invention Figure 1 , Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the measurement of the workpiece structure shown. Fig.19 The figure shows the measurement of the inner diameter of a grooved ring structure. Fig. 20 Shown are the distance measurements between waist grooves of different belt inner grooves.

[0070] The embodiment of the present invention further provides a measurement method, which uses the modular internal measuring fixture as described above to measure the size of a workpiece, and the method comprises the following steps:

[0071] Step S1, using the upper limit size standard block to zero the micrometer of the internal measuring fixture, and then locking the main measuring device through the locking fine-tuning device.

[0072] In practical applications, prepare upper limit size standard blocks and lower limit size standard blocks according to the tolerance range of the workpiece. In the absence of standard blocks, traditional measuring tools such as outside diameter micrometers can also be used to replace the upper limit standard blocks and lower limit standard blocks. First, adjust the distance between the two probes to an appropriate value according to the size of the workpiece. For example, when measuring a workpiece with a standard size of 30mm, adjust the distance between the first probe and the second probe to 30mm. Figure 18-Figure 20 , place the upper limit size standard block or the outside diameter micrometer flush with the outward side of the vertical plate of the internal measuring fixture, adjust the position of the workpiece and the second rod, and fine-tune the position of the second probe by fine-tuning the screw, so that the first probe and the second probe abut against the point to be measured on the standard block and just get stuck. For the annular standard block, rotate the standard block so that the same stuck effect is achieved at multiple measuring positions. Then, adjust the micrometer to zero and lock the main measuring device. Nothing on the subsequent main support seat will move, and only the right-angle adapter rod can be turned.

[0073] Step S2, measuring the lower limit size standard block, and recording the reading of the micrometer as the standard deviation value of the upper and lower limit sizes.

[0074] When measuring the lower limit size standard block, rotate the right-angle adapter rod counterclockwise until the first probe and the second probe are aligned with the lower limit size standard block. At this time, the reading of the micrometer is the allowable error range.

[0075] Step S3, measuring the workpiece to be measured, comparing the reading of the micrometer with the standard deviation values ​​of the upper and lower limit sizes, if the reading of the micrometer is greater than the standard deviation values ​​of the upper and lower limit sizes, it means that the actual size of the workpiece is smaller than the lower limit of the design size, if the reading of the micrometer is less than zero, it means that the actual size of the workpiece exceeds the upper limit of the design size, otherwise, it means that the actual size of the workpiece meets the tolerance.

[0076] Alternatively, the micrometer may be zeroed using a lower limit dimension standard block in step S1, and in step S2, the lower limit dimension standard block is measured, and the reading of the micrometer is recorded as the standard deviation value. Then, in step S3, when the reading deviation is judged, the conclusion is the opposite, that is: if the reading of the micrometer is greater than the standard deviation value of the upper and lower limit dimensions, it indicates that the actual size of the workpiece is greater than the upper limit of the design size; if the reading of the micrometer is less than zero, it indicates that the actual size of the workpiece exceeds the lower limit of the design size; otherwise, it indicates that the actual size of the workpiece meets the tolerance.

[0077] The above method has simple steps, is easy to operate, and does not rely heavily on the operator's skills. Through the above steps, it can be quickly determined whether the size of the measured workpiece meets the production requirements, and is particularly suitable for the scenario of rapid inspection of large quantities of parts.

[0078] The probe, right-angle connecting rod, and fixed reference seat of the embodiment of the present invention have a simple structural design and are easy to process and shape. The above materials will not generate too much economic burden as consumable auxiliary materials in the production process. The other structures of the internal measuring fixture can be reused, which prolongs the service life of the internal measuring fixture and saves costs. By adjusting the probe, right-angle connecting rod, and fixed reference seat of the internal measuring fixture, it can easily adapt to the detection requirements of the inner diameter and inner groove of different part sizes, shapes, and materials, and solves the problem that ordinary measuring tools cannot measure special structures such as concave deep square grooves and concave ball grooves. At the same time, in conjunction with the slide rail, a larger measurement stroke can be achieved, which improves the problem of limited range of conventional inspection tools. A set of internal measuring tools can replace multiple sets of traditional inspection tools such as internal diameter micrometers with different ranges.

[0079] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: the modular internal measuring fixture provided by the present invention comprises a base, a guide rail, a fixed reference seat, and a main body measuring device; the main body measuring device comprises a micrometer, a main body support seat, a right-angle transfer rod, and a slider; the fixed reference seat is fixed to one end of the base, and a first probe is detachably provided on the fixed reference seat; the guide rail is fixed to the base, the slider is slidably connected to the guide rail, and the main body support seat is fixed to the slider; the right-angle transfer rod comprises a first rod and a second rod perpendicular to each other, the right-angle transfer rod is rotatably installed in the main body support seat, the micrometer is fixedly installed in the main body support seat, the first rod of the right-angle transfer rod abuts against the probe of the micrometer to convert the measurement in the horizontal direction into the measurement in the vertical direction, and the second rod is detachably provided with a second probe. The internal measuring fixture of the present invention is easy to operate and has low skill requirements for operators. The probe, right-angle adapter rod, and fixed reference seat are all detachable and have a simple structure. They can be customized as needed to meet the measurement needs of different depths, complex structures, and materials. The problem that traditional measuring tools are difficult to measure the dimensions of complex structures is solved. The slide rail increases the measuring range, and the replaceable components reduce the maintenance cost of the measuring tool, thereby improving the applicability and service life of the measuring tool.

[0080] The above are only specific implementations of the present invention, which cannot be used to limit the scope of the present invention. Equivalent changes made by ordinary technicians in this technical field based on this creation, as well as changes known to technicians in this field, should still fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A modular internal testing fixture, characterized in that: The modular internal testing fixture comprises a base (100), a guide rail (200), a fixed reference seat (300), a main body measuring device (400), and a locking fine-tuning device (500); The base (100) is an L-shaped structure, comprising a bottom plate (110) and a vertical plate (120); a first groove (111) is arranged in the center of the bottom plate (110) along the length direction of the bottom plate, and the guide rail (200) is fixedly installed in the first groove (111); The fixed reference seat (300) is detachably arranged at the first end of the base (100), a probe connecting rod (310) is arranged on the fixed reference seat (300), and a first probe (600) is detachably arranged at the end of the probe connecting rod (310); The main body measuring device (400) comprises a micrometer (410), a main body support seat (420), a right-angle transfer rod (430), and a slider (440); the slider (440) is slidably connected to the guide rail (200); the main body support seat (420) is fixedly connected to the slider (440); the right-angle transfer rod (430) is rotatably installed in the main body support seat (420); the micrometer (410) is fixedly installed in the main body support seat (420); the right-angle transfer rod (430) comprises a first rod (431) and a second rod (432) which are perpendicular to each other; the first rod (431) is located in the main body support seat (420) and abuts against the probe of the micrometer (410); the end of the second rod (432) is detachably provided with a second probe (610); The sizes of the second rod (432) and the probe connecting rod (310) match each other; The locking and fine-tuning device (500) is located on one side of the first end of the main body measuring device (400) facing the base (100), and is fixedly connected to the main body measuring device (400). The locking and fine-tuning device (500) is used to lock and fine-tune the position of the main body measuring device (400).

2. The modular internal testing fixture of components according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixed reference seat (300) further comprises a base plate connecting portion (320) and a transition portion (330); the base plate connecting portion (320) is fixedly connected to the base plate (110), and the transition portion (330) is located between the base plate connecting portion (320) and the probe connecting rod (310); the probe connecting rod (310) extends in a direction perpendicular to the vertical plate (120) away from the base plate (110), and a first probe (600) is detachably provided on a side of the end of the probe connecting rod (310) facing the first end of the base (100).

3. The modular internal testing fixture of components according to claim 2, characterized in that: The measuring rod (411) of the micrometer is perpendicular to the guide rail (200), and the measuring head of the micrometer (410) faces the direction of the vertical plate (120); the second rod (432) is located outside the main body support seat (420) and extends in a direction away from the bottom plate (110); a second measuring head (610) is detachably provided on a side of the end of the second rod (432) facing the second end of the base (100); when the second rod (432) is parallel to the measuring head connecting rod (310), the connecting line between the first measuring head (600) and the second measuring head (610) is perpendicular to the measuring rod (411) of the micrometer.

4. The modular internal testing fixture of components according to claim 1, characterized in that: The locking fine-tuning device (500) comprises a fine-tuning pressure plate (510), a locking screw (520), a fine-tuning screw (530), a fine-tuning fixed slider (540), a top block (550), a fine-tuning spring (560), and a guide column (570); the fine-tuning fixed slider (540) is slidably connected to the guide rail (200), and the top block (550) is fixed to the bottom of the fine-tuning fixed slider (540); the fine-tuning pressure plate (510) comprises a pressure plate (511) and a side plate (512) which are vertically connected to each other; the first end of the pressure plate (511) is located above the fine-tuning fixed slider (510), the second end of the pressure plate (511) is located between the slider (440) and the main body support seat (420), and the side plate (512) is fixed to the bottom of the fine-tuning fixed slider (540); 2) Located on the side of the fine-tuning fixed slider (510) away from the slider (440), the first end of the pressure plate (511) is provided with a waist-shaped groove (513), the locking screw (520) passes through the waist-shaped groove (513) and is fixedly connected to the fine-tuning fixed slider (540), and the end of the locking screw (520) abuts against the top block (550); two guide pillars (570) are provided on an end surface of the fine-tuning fixed slider (540) close to the main measuring device (400), and each of the guide pillars (570) is provided with a fine-tuning spring (560); the fine-tuning screw (530) passes through the fine-tuning screw fixing hole (514) on the side plate (512) and is fixedly connected to the fine-tuning fixed slider (540).

5. The modular internal testing fixture of components according to claim 3, characterized in that: The modular internal measuring and inspection tool of the component also includes a right-angle transfer rod limit screw (433), which is fixed in the main body support seat (420) and is used to limit the extreme position of the rotation of the first rod (431); the modular internal measuring and inspection tool of the component also includes a micrometer measuring rod limit spring (412), which is sleeved outside the measuring needle (411) of the micrometer.

6. The modular internal testing fixture of components according to claim 3, characterized in that: The modular internal measuring fixture of the component also includes a dial gauge mounting hole (423) and a dial gauge fixing screw (414); the dial gauge (410) is inserted into the dial gauge mounting hole (423); the dial gauge fixing screw (414) is fixed to the side surface of the main body support seat (420) close to the first end of the base (100) and abuts against the fixing rod (413) of the dial gauge.

7. The modular internal testing fixture of components according to claim 1, characterized in that: The modular internal measuring and inspection tool of the component comprises a plurality of right-angle transfer rods (430) and the fixed reference seat (300) of different sizes for use together; the first rods (431) of the plurality of right-angle transfer rods (430) are of the same size, the second rods (432) are of different sizes, and the probe connecting rods (310) of the plurality of fixed reference seats (300) are of different lengths; the modular internal measuring and inspection tool of the component also comprises first probes (600) and second probes (610) of various sizes and structures, the bottoms of the first probes (600) and the second probes (610) are threaded structures, and the first probes (600) and the second probes (610) are fixedly connected to the probe connecting rods (310) and the second rods (432) respectively through threads.

8. The modular internal testing fixture of components according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first probe (600) and the second probe (610) are made of wear-resistant and low-hardness materials, including POM, copper, and aluminum alloy; the right-angle transfer rod (430) and the fixed reference seat (300) are made of corrosion-resistant rigid materials, including 304 stainless steel and 316 stainless steel.

9. The modular internal testing fixture of components according to claim 1, characterized in that: The modular internal testing fixture also includes standard blocks of various standard sizes and structures.

10. A measuring method, using the modular internal measuring fixture as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9 to measure the size of a workpiece, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: Step S1, using the upper limit size standard block to zero the micrometer of the internal measuring fixture, and then locking the main measuring device through the locking fine-tuning device; Step S2, measuring the lower limit size standard block, and recording the reading of the micrometer as the standard deviation value of the upper and lower limit sizes; Step S3, measuring the workpiece to be measured, comparing the reading of the micrometer with the standard deviation values ​​of the upper and lower limit sizes, if the reading of the micrometer is greater than the standard deviation values ​​of the upper and lower limit sizes, it means that the actual size of the workpiece is smaller than the lower limit of the design size, if the reading of the micrometer is less than zero, it means that the actual size of the workpiece exceeds the upper limit of the design size, otherwise, it means that the actual size of the workpiece meets the tolerance.

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