Aviation multi-tank fire extinguishing structure and airplane

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of aviation, and relates to an aviation multi-tank fire extinguishing structure and an aircraft. Comprising two task pallets, a fire extinguishing tank, a pipeline, a fire extinguishing tank filling and ventilation unit, a fire extinguishing tank air pressure drainage unit, a tail spraying unit, an electric avionics system, a comprehensive management control system and a ground guarantee unit. By combining the structure of the multi-tank fire extinguishing device with the compatibility in an aircraft cabin and controlling and implementing the multi-tank fire extinguishing device through the comprehensive management control system, the use requirements of adding the fire extinguishing device structure to the large and medium-sized transporters and the like are met, the arrangement is reasonable, and the manufacturability and maintainability are better.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of aviation technology and relates to an aviation multi-tank fire extinguishing structure and an aircraft. Background Art

[0002] Forest fire is a natural disaster that all countries in the world must face. The danger of forest fire has always been high, and the prevention and control of forest fire has become the focus of attention of all countries.

[0003] Aircraft firefighting is the task of an aircraft acting as an "air fire truck", carrying water or flame retardants to the fire area for spraying, controlling and extinguishing the fire. Aircraft firefighting is an important means and development direction for fighting forest fires internationally. It is favored for its large load capacity, flexibility, and precise and convenient delivery. Aircraft water spraying can effectively reduce the intensity of fire and curb the development of fire, especially in fire scenes where few people go. Summary of the invention

[0004] Purpose of the invention: To provide an aviation multi-tank fire extinguishing structure and aircraft, so as to overcome the problem that forest fire prevention currently relies mainly on manpower, ground equipment, helicopter fire extinguishing equipment, etc., which has low firefighting efficiency and cannot meet the capacity requirements and difficulties of forest fire extinguishing.

[0005] Technical solution:

[0006] An aviation multi-tank fire extinguishing structure includes: two task cargo trays, fire extinguishing tanks, pipelines, fire extinguishing tank filling and ventilation units, fire extinguishing tank air pressure drainage units, tail spraying units, electrical avionics systems, integrated management and control systems, and ground support units, among which:

[0007] The first task cargo tray is set on the four rollers in the aircraft cabin, and the second task cargo tray is set on the four rollers at the rear door of the aircraft; both task cargo trays are connected to the four rollers through front and rear, left and right limit locking devices for in-and-out cabin transportation;

[0008] Multiple fire extinguisher tanks are fixed on the first task pallet through fire extinguisher tank brackets;

[0009] The fire extinguishing agent filling and ventilation unit for the fire extinguishing tank includes: a ground filling joint, a filling pipeline, a filling sub-pipeline, and a short bellows, wherein one end of the first filling pipeline is connected to the ground filling joint, the other end of the first filling pipeline is connected to the second filling pipeline through the short bellows, one end of the filling sub-pipeline is connected to the fire extinguishing tank through the short bellows, and the other end of the filling sub-pipeline is connected to the second filling pipeline,

[0010] The fire extinguisher tank filling and ventilation unit includes: a ventilation pipeline, a return water pipeline, left and right discharge pipes, and a water cut-off valve. The fire extinguisher tank is provided with a ventilation pipeline, one end of the return water pipeline is connected to the fire extinguisher tank, and the other end of the return water pipeline is connected to the right discharge pipe of the left and right discharge pipes; the return water pipeline is provided with a water cut-off valve;

[0011] The air pressure drainage unit of the fire extinguisher tank includes: an air compressor, a spherical high-pressure gas cylinder, an air charging pipeline, an air charging sub-pipeline, and a liquid collecting pipe, wherein the output end of the air compressor is connected to the spherical high-pressure gas cylinder, and the output end of the spherical high-pressure gas cylinder is connected to the top of the left side of the fire extinguisher tank through the air charging pipeline and the air charging sub-pipeline; a liquid collecting pipe is designed at the middle lower part of the fire extinguisher tank, and the liquid collecting pipe is connected to the left and right shunt pipes through a three-way joint; the left and right shunt pipes are connected and fixed to the left and right discharge pipes;

[0012] The tail spraying unit includes a retractable nozzle and a tail delivery device, wherein the retractable nozzle is connected to the left and right discharge pipes;

[0013] The electrical avionics system includes: emergency power supply, mission switchboard, mission cable branch, optoelectronic turret, data link antenna, data cable, and video head. The mission switchboard distributes power through the mission cable branch; the data link antenna and data cable are links for data exchange; the optoelectronic turret is used for reconnaissance, navigation, identification and positioning, target indication, laser ranging, image fusion transmission, search and rescue, environmental monitoring, and night vision.

[0014] The integrated management and control system includes: a task seat, a task display and integrated control unit, and a safety guardrail, wherein the task seat is installed on the first task cargo tray through two guide rails, and the safety guardrail is arranged on the periphery of the task seat; the task display and integrated control unit includes a main control panel and an integrated display system, wherein the main control panel is used for operating and controlling and indicating the status of the entire device, and the integrated display system is used for displaying the status of the entire device;

[0015] The ground support unit includes: an airport filling pipe or a fire truck, a ground transport trailer, and a ground covering cloth. The ground transport trailer is used for the transportation of the aviation multi-tank fire extinguishing structure, and the ground covering cloth is used for the protection of the aviation multi-tank fire extinguishing structure.

[0016] Furthermore, both ends of the fire extinguisher tank are high-arch flange parts, which are welded into one by arc welding. Each fire extinguisher tank includes an upper end weld, a left end weld, and a right end weld. Four 5083 aluminum alloy porous partitions are arc welded inside the tank, including 2 horizontal and 2 vertical ones, which are placed perpendicular to each other to form a "well"-shaped partition. The cross-section of each partition is a convex-concave trapezoid, and the plates are symmetrically arranged in the tank front, back, left and right.

[0017] Furthermore, three fire extinguisher tank brackets are arranged at the bottom of each fire extinguisher tank, and the base of the fire extinguisher tank bracket is reliably connected and fixed to the first task pallet with standard bolts.

[0018] Furthermore, a filling one-way valve is arranged on the first filling pipeline; and an electromagnetic valve is arranged on the second filling pipeline.

[0019] Furthermore, a one-way valve is arranged on the inflation pipeline.

[0020] Furthermore, each inflation sub-pipeline is provided with a pressure regulator and a pressure sensor.

[0021] Furthermore, the left and right discharge pipes are connected and fixed to the task pallet through left and right discharge pipe clamps.

[0022] Furthermore, the material of the collecting pipe is 5083 aluminum alloy pipe.

[0023] An aircraft, characterized by comprising the above-mentioned aviation multi-tank fire extinguishing structure.

[0024] Beneficial effects:

[0025] The present invention provides an aviation multi-tank fire extinguishing structure and an aircraft. By integrating the mission system as a whole into the aircraft, an effective combination of aviation and fire fighting systems is achieved. The structure has a large load capacity, is flexible and maneuverable, and can be accurately deployed. It can achieve the purpose of quickly and effectively reducing the intensity of the fire in the air, curbing the development of the fire, and extinguishing the fire. The present invention meets the use requirements of the airborne and mission systems. The structure has a reasonable layout and good processability and maintainability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of an aviation multi-tank fire extinguishing structure and aircraft layout;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of air-dropping fire extinguishing agents;

[0028] Figure 3 It is AA view;

[0029] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the fire extinguisher tank and bracket;

[0030] Figure 5 It is the B-direction view;

[0031] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of fixing both sides of the task pallet;

[0032] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the front and rear end fixing of the task pallet;

[0033] Figure 8 It is the top view in the direction of C;

[0034] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the electrical avionics layout;

[0035] Fig.10 This is a ground trailer diagram.

[0036] Among them: 1. Mission cargo tray; 2. Mission cargo tray; 3. Fire extinguisher (5 in total); 4. Fire extinguishing agent; 5. Mission seat; 6. Mission display and integrated control unit; 7. Safety guardrail; 8. Fire extinguisher bracket (15 in total); 9. Fire extinguisher clamp (15 in total); 10. Standard bolts (15 in total); 11. Standard bolts (several); 12. Airport filling pipe or fire truck; 13. Ground filling Filling joint; 14. Filling pipeline; 15. Filling pipeline; 16. Filling check valve; 17. Solenoid valve; 18. Three-way joint and valve (4 in total); 19. Joint (6 in total); 20. Ventilation valve (5 in total); 21. Ventilation pipeline (5 in total); 22. Water cut-off valve (5 in total); 23. Return pipeline (5 in total); 24. Water level gauge (5 in total); 25. Filling pipeline ( 5 in total); 26. Filling pipeline (5 in total); 27. Short bellows; 28. Flange; 29. ​​Clamp; 30. Filling pipe clamp (several); 31. Retractable nozzle; 32. Tail release device; 33. Left and right discharge pipes (2 in total); 34. Left and right discharge pipes (2 in total); 35. Short bellows (several); 36. Flange (several); 37. Clamp (several); 38. Left and right discharge pipe clamp (several); 39. Air compressor; 40. Spherical high-pressure gas cylinder; 41. Inflating pipeline; 42. One-way valve; 43. Release valve; 44. Tee joint and valve (4 in total); 45. End joint; 46. Inflating pipeline (5 in total); 47. Pressure regulator (5 in total); 48. Pressure sensor (5 in total); 49. Aluminum alloy pipeline (5 in total); 50.

[0037] One-way valve (5 in total); 51. Connector (5 in total); 52. End connector; 53. Collecting pipe (5 in total); 54. Tee connector and valve (5 in total); 55. Left and right diverter pipes (10 in total); 56. Emergency power supply; 57. Left and right cut-off diverter valves (2 in total); 58. Left and right emergency discharge connectors (2 in total); 59. Emergency discharge hose (2 in total); 60. Left and right emergency discharge connectors / nozzles (2 in total); 61. Inflatable pipe clamps (several); 62. Mission switchboard; 63. Mission cable branch; 64. Optoelectronic turret; 65. Data link antenna (2 in total); 66. Data cable; 67. Video head (2 in total); 68. Ground transport trailer; 69. Ground cover cloth. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The present invention installs the overall multi-tank fire extinguishing device structure on a pallet, drags the pallet into the aircraft cabin from the cargo hold door at the rear of the aircraft and fixes it in place, controls the filling of dozens of tons of fire extinguishing agent on the ground, and the aircraft takes off and reaches the fire scene. The aircraft cargo hold door is opened, the nozzle is extended, and the fire extinguishing agent is sprayed with precise control, so as to achieve the purpose of quickly and effectively reducing the intensity of the fire in the air, curbing the development of the fire, and extinguishing the fire. The present invention overcomes the problem that forest fire prevention currently relies mainly on manpower, ground equipment, helicopter fire extinguishing equipment, etc., with low firefighting efficiency and inability to adapt to the capacity requirements and difficulties of forest fire extinguishing. This patent integrates the multi-tank fire extinguishing device structure into the aircraft, giving full play to the advantages of the aircraft such as fast speed, large load capacity, maneuverability, and precise delivery. At the same time, it meets the use requirements of airborne and mission systems.

[0039] The following is a detailed description with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0040] like Figures 1 to 10As shown, an aviation multi-tank fire extinguishing structure and an aircraft are provided. The aviation multi-tank fire extinguishing structure mainly includes: a mission cargo tray 1, a mission cargo tray 2, a fire extinguishing tank (5 in total) 3, a fire extinguishing agent 4, a mission seat 5, a mission display and integrated control unit 6, a safety guardrail 7, a fire extinguishing tank bracket (15 in total) 8, a fire extinguishing tank clamp (15 in total) 9, a standard bolt (15 in total) 10, a standard bolt (several) 11, an airport filling pipe or a fire truck 12, a ground filling joint 13, a filling pipeline 14, a filling pipeline 15, a filling one-way valve 16, an electromagnetic valve 17, a three-way joint and a valve (4 in total) 18 , connectors (6 in total) 19, ventilation valves (5 in total) 20, ventilation pipes (5 in total) 21, water cut-off valves (5 in total) 22, return pipes (5 in total) 23, water level gauges (5 in total) 24, filling pipes (5 in total) 25, filling pipes (5 in total) 26, short bellows 27, flange 28, clamps 29, filling pipe clamps (several) 30; retractable nozzle 31, tail delivery device 32, left and right discharge pipes (2 in total) 33, left and right discharge pipes (2 in total) 34, short bellows (several) 35, flange (several) 36. Clamps (several) 37. Left and right discharge pipe clamps (several) 38. Air compressor 39. Spherical high-pressure gas cylinder 40. Inflating pipeline 41. One-way valve 42. Release valve 43. Tee joint and valve (4 in total) 44. End joint 45. Inflating pipeline (5 in total) 46. Pressure regulator (5 in total) 47. Pressure sensor (5 in total) 48. Aluminum alloy pipeline (5 in total) 49. One-way valve (5 in total) 50. Joint (5 in total) 51. End joint 52. Liquid collecting pipe (5 in total) 53. Three-way valve (5 in total) 54. Connectors and valves (5 in total) 54, left and right shunt pipes (10 in total) 55, emergency power supply 56, left and right cut-off shunt valves (2 in total) 57, left and right emergency discharge connectors (2 in total) 58, emergency discharge hoses (2 in total) 59, left and right emergency discharge connectors / nozzles (2 in total) 60, inflation pipeline clamps (several) 61, mission distribution board 62, mission cable branch 63, optoelectronic turret 64, data link antenna (2 in total) 65, data cable 66, video head (2 in total) 67, ground transport trailer 68, ground covering cloth 69.

[0041] The aviation multi-tank fire extinguishing structure of the present invention is mainly composed of a task cargo tray, a fire extinguishing tank and a pipeline device, a fire extinguishing tank filling and ventilation unit, a fire extinguishing tank air pressure drainage unit, a tail spraying unit, an integrated management and control system, and a ground support unit.

[0042] Mission cargo pallet design. The mission cargo pallets for the entire aircraft are divided into mission cargo pallet 1 and mission cargo pallet 2. The separation surface is designed at the tail gate at the rear of the aircraft. The mission cargo pallet is an assembly + welded part, and its main materials are 5083 aluminum alloy plates, aluminum alloy standard profiles, etc. It is composed of panels, longitudinal and transverse reinforcements to form a frame structure. Mission cargo pallet 1 is arranged in the aircraft cabin, on the 4 rollers on the aircraft floor. Mission cargo pallet 2 is arranged on the aircraft tail gate, on the 4 rollers on the aircraft tail gate. The total dimensions of mission cargo pallet 1 and mission cargo pallet 2 are approximately d×e×f mm (length×width×height). The mission cargo pallet is transported in and out of the cabin and connected and fixed by utilizing the original 4 rollers, front and rear, left and right limit locking devices on the aircraft. The fire extinguishing mission system is fixedly installed on the mission cargo pallet as a whole, and is installed in and out of the cabin as a whole. The load of the fire extinguishing mission system is transferred to the aircraft floor, floor beams, floor connectors, etc. through the mission cargo pallet to achieve load balance and transfer. See Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 .

[0043] Design of 5 fire extinguishing tanks and brackets. It mainly consists of fire extinguishing tanks (5 in total) 3; fire extinguishing tank brackets (15 in total) 8; fire extinguishing tank clamps (15 in total) 9; standard bolts (15 in total) 10; standard bolts (several) 11. The material of each fire extinguishing tank 3 is 5083 aluminum alloy, which has medium strength, good corrosion resistance, good machinability, good arc welding performance, and good forming performance, but cannot be heat treated. The two ends of the tank are standard high-arch flange parts, which are welded together by arc welding. Each fire extinguishing tank 3 has only 3 welds (upper end, left and right ends) to ensure the watertightness of the fire extinguishing tank 3. In order to control the shaking of the fire extinguishing agent 4 in the fire extinguishing tank 3 and reduce the impact on the center of gravity of the aircraft, 2 horizontal and 2 vertical 5083 aluminum alloy porous partitions are placed perpendicular to each other in the tank by arc welding to form a "well"-shaped partition. In order to increase the strength of each partition, the partition cross-section is designed to be a convex and concave trapezoid. The partitions are arranged symmetrically in the tank. The outer dimensions of the fire extinguishing tank 3 are diameter The length is b. The center positioning dimension of each fire extinguishing tank 3 is z mm.

[0044] Each fire extinguishing tank 3 is provided with three fire extinguishing tank brackets 8 at the bottom. Figure 4 , Figure 5. The middle fire extinguisher tank bracket 8 is divided into two parts, leaving installation space for the installation of the collecting pipe 53. The material of the fire extinguisher tank bracket 8 is 5083 aluminum alloy and is a welded part. The base of the fire extinguisher tank bracket 8 is reliably connected and fixed to the task pallet 1 with standard bolts 11. Put the fire extinguisher tank 3 into the fire extinguisher tank bracket 8, and then use the fire extinguisher tank clamp 9 and standard bolts 10 to firmly fix the fire extinguisher tank 3 on the fire extinguisher tank bracket 8, with a total height of c mm. The load of the fire extinguisher tank 3 and the fire extinguishing agent 4 is transferred to the task pallet 1 to achieve force transfer and balance. Such a design makes the fire extinguisher tank 3 easy to maintain.

[0045] Design of fire extinguishing tank extinguishing agent filling and ventilation unit. It mainly consists of fire extinguishing agent 4, ground filling joint 13, filling pipeline 14, filling pipeline 15, filling one-way valve 16, electromagnetic valve 17, three-way joint and valve (4 in total) 18, joint (6 in total) 19, ventilation valve (5 in total) 20, ventilation pipeline (5 in total) 21, water cut-off valve (5 in total) 22, return pipeline (5 in total) 23, water level gauge (5 in total) 24, filling pipeline (5 in total) 25, filling pipeline (5 in total) 26, short bellows 27, flange 28, clamp 29, filling pipe clamp (several) 30. See Figure 1 , this patent can use the airport filling pipe or fire truck 122 types of fire extinguishing agent filling methods (the patent is explained with the fire truck filling method). The fire truck 12 hose is connected to the ground filling connector 13, and the fire truck 12 begins to fill the fire extinguishing agent 4 into the fire extinguishing tank 3 through the filling pipeline 14, the filling pipeline 15, the filling pipeline 25, and the filling pipeline 26 at a pressure of about λMpa. The main component of the fire extinguishing agent 4 is water, and it contains a certain component of additives to achieve the effect of improving the fire extinguishing ability. The filling pipeline 14, the filling pipeline 15, the filling pipeline 25, and the filling pipeline 26 are arranged on the right side of the aircraft, on the mission cargo pallet 1 and the mission cargo pallet 2. The material is 5083 aluminum alloy tube with an outer diameter of At the segmentation of filling pipeline 14 and filling pipeline 15, short bellows 27, flange 28 and clamp 29 are designed for soft connection. Filling pipeline 14, filling pipeline 15, filling pipeline 25 and filling pipeline 26 are connected to task pallet 1 and task pallet 2 by filling pipe clamps (several) 30 to fix filling pipeline 14, filling pipeline 15, filling pipeline 25 and filling pipeline 26. The fire extinguishing agent 4 enters each fire extinguishing tank from the top of the side of the fire extinguishing tank 3 through the filling one-way valve 16, electromagnetic valve 17, three-way joint and valve 18, joint 19. At the same time, the ventilation valve (5 in total) 20; the ventilation pipeline (5 in total) 21 start to work to remove the air in the fire extinguishing tank 3 and ensure that the fire extinguishing tank 3 is normally supplied with fire extinguishing agent. The material of the ventilation pipeline 21 is 5083 aluminum alloy pipe with an outer diameter of When the fire extinguishing agent overflows from the return water pipeline (5 in total) 23, the water cut-off valve (5 in total) 22 starts to work and issues a command to stop supplying fire extinguishing agent to the fire extinguishing tank 3. The fire extinguishing agent filling and ventilation unit of the fire extinguishing tank stop working as a whole. The fire truck 12 hose and the ground filling connector 13 are manually separated, and the fire truck 12 drives away, completing the filling task. The return water pipeline 23 is made of 5083 aluminum alloy pipe with an outer diameter of The overflowed fire extinguishing agent flows directly into the right discharge pipe 34. The water level gauge (5 in total) 24 has a full-height water level gauge at the right end of each fire extinguishing tank, which allows the fire extinguishing operator to observe the liquid level of the fire extinguishing tank and the entire system when filling or discharging the fire extinguishing agent. Each water level gauge is marked with the capacity of the fire extinguishing tank and the entire system. The use of fire trucks 12 for filling makes ground filling easy, and the fire extinguishing agent will not splash into the aircraft cabin, and is not restricted by the airport's parking space. After use, the ground filling connector 13 is fixed to its original position with a bungee cord, which is convenient for use and maintenance.

[0046] Design of the air pressure drainage unit for fire extinguisher tanks. When the aircraft flies near the fire scene, the rear door opens and the drainage unit starts working. It mainly consists of left and right discharge pipes (2 in total) 33, left and right discharge pipes (2 in total) 34, short bellows (several) 35, flanges (several) 36, clamps (several) 37, left and right discharge pipe clamps (several) 38, air compressor 39, spherical high-pressure gas cylinder 40, charging pipeline 41, one-way valve 42, release valve 43, three-way joint and valve (4 in total) 44, end joint 45, charging pipeline (5 in total) 46, pressure regulator (5 in total) 47, pressure regulator (5 in total) 48, pressure regulator (5 in total) 49, pressure regulator (5 in total) 50, pressure regulator (5 in total) 51, pressure regulator (5 in total) 52, pressure regulator (5 in total) 53, pressure regulator (5 in total) 54, pressure regulator (5 in total) 55, pressure regulator (5 in total) 56, pressure regulator (5 in total) 57, pressure regulator (5 in total) 58, pressure regulator (5 in total) 59, pressure regulator (5 in total) 60, pressure regulator (5 in total) 61, pressure regulator (5 in total) 62, pressure regulator (5 in total) 63, pressure regulator (5 in total) 64, pressure regulator (5 in total) 65, pressure regulator (5 in total) 66, pressure regulator (5 in total) 67, pressure regulator (5 in total) 68, pressure regulator (5 in total) 69, pressure regulator (5 in total) 70, pressure regulator (5 in total) 71, pressure regulator (5 in total) 72, pressure regulator (5 in total) 73, pressure regulator (5 in total) 74, pressure regulator (5 in total) 75, pressure 5) 47, pressure sensor (5 in total) 48, aluminum alloy pipeline (5 in total) 49, one-way valve (5 in total) 50, joint (5 in total) 51, end joint 52, liquid collecting pipe (5 in total) 53, three-way joint and valve (5 in total) 54, left and right diverter pipes (10 in total) 55, cut-off diverter valve 57, emergency discharge joint 58, emergency discharge hose 59, left and right emergency discharge joints / nozzles 60, and charging pipeline clamps (several) 61. This patent adopts the drainage method of gravity + air pressure boosting to speed up the drainage of fire extinguishing tanks. The air pressure booster is mainly composed of an air compressor 39, a spherical high-pressure gas cylinder 40, a charging pipeline 41, a one-way valve 42, an arming valve 43, a three-way joint and valve (4 in total) 44, a charging pipeline (5 in total) 46, a pressure regulator (5 in total) 47, a pressure sensor (5 in total) 48, an aluminum alloy pipeline (5 in total) 49, a one-way valve (5 in total) 50, a joint (5 in total) 51, and an end joint 52. The air compressor 39 is a booster power source, and its overall dimensions are r×y×t mm (length×width×height), and it is connected and fixed to the task pallet 1 with bolts. The spherical high-pressure gas cylinder 40 is a device for storing high-pressure gas, and its storage pressure is about ψMpa, and its overall dimensions are diameter The height is w mm and is fixed to the task cargo pallet 1 with bolts. The positioning dimension between the air compressor 39 and the spherical high-pressure gas cylinder 40 is n mm. The positioning dimension between the fire extinguisher 3 and the spherical high-pressure gas cylinder 40 is v mm. After the inflation pipeline 41 exits the spherical high-pressure gas cylinder 40, it is arranged along the left side of the aircraft and above the task cargo pallet 1. The inflation pipeline 41 and the inflation pipeline (a total of 5) 46 are made of 5083 aluminum alloy tubes with an outer diameter of The compressed air enters the fire extinguishing tank 3 from the top of the left side along the one-way valve 42, the release valve 43, the three-way joint and the valve (4 in total) 44, the inflation pipeline (5 in total) 46, the pressure regulator (5 in total) 47, the pressure sensor (5 in total) 48, the aluminum alloy pipeline (5 in total) 49, the one-way valve (5 in total) 50, the joint (5 in total) 51, and the end joint 52, and generates pressure on the liquid surface of the fire extinguishing agent 4. Among them, the aluminum alloy pipeline (5 in total) 49 is made of 5083 aluminum alloy tube with an outer diameter of

[0047] Each fire extinguisher 3 is provided with a liquid collecting pipe (5 in total) 53, a three-way joint and a valve (5 in total) 54, and left and right diversion pipes (10 in total) 55 in the middle lower part. The liquid collecting pipe 53, the three-way joint and the valve 54, and the left and right diversion pipes 55 are sealed and connected as a whole. The left and right diversion pipes 55 are connected and fixed with the left and right discharge pipes 33 and the left and right discharge pipes 34. Figure 3 The left and right discharge pipes (2 in total) 33 and the left and right discharge pipes (2 in total) 34 are connected and fixed to the task pallet 1 and the task pallet 2 by the left and right discharge pipe clamps (several) 38. The left and right discharge pipes 33 and the left and right discharge pipes 34 are sealed and softly connected at the segmentation by short bellows (several) 35, flanges (several) 36, and clamps (several) 37 to form a discharge channel. Among them, the material of the liquid collecting pipe 53 is 5083 aluminum alloy pipe with an outer diameter of The left and right diverter pipes 55 are made of 5083 aluminum alloy pipes with an outer diameter of The left and right exhaust pipes 33 and 34 are made of 5083 aluminum alloy pipes with an inner diameter of Under the drainage mode of gravity + air pressure boost, the fire extinguishing agent in the fire extinguishing tank 3 can be emptied in about a few minutes, forming two water columns at the tail of the aircraft. Figure 2 .

[0048] When the aircraft needs to release fire extinguishing agent in an emergency, or the tail gate of the aircraft fails, in order to ensure the safety of the aircraft, an emergency release method can be adopted, which mainly consists of left and right cut-off diverter valves (2 in total) 57, left and right emergency discharge joints (2 in total) 58, emergency discharge hoses (2 in total) 59, and left and right emergency discharge joints / nozzles (2 in total) 60, see Figure 2 , Fig. 9The left and right discharge pipes 33 and 34 are cut off by the left and right cut-off diverter valves 57, and the fire extinguishing agent 4 is discharged from the left and right sides of the aircraft through the left and right emergency discharge joints 58, the emergency discharge hose 59, and the left and right emergency discharge joints / nozzles 60 to ensure the safety of the aircraft. Among them, the left and right emergency discharge joints 58 and the left and right emergency discharge joints / nozzles 60 are made of 5083 aluminum alloy parts with an inner diameter of

[0049] Tail spray unit design. It is mainly composed of a retractable nozzle 31 and a tail delivery device 32. The task cargo tray 2, the retractable nozzle 31, the tail delivery device 32, and the left and right discharge pipes 33 are fixed on the tail gate of the aircraft, and are retracted and extended synchronously with the tail gate of the aircraft. When working, the tail gate of the aircraft is horizontally still with the aircraft floor, and the retractable nozzle 31 extends from the tail of the tail delivery device 32 with a stroke of m millimeters to ensure that the fire extinguishing agent will not be sprayed onto the fuselage. The tail delivery device 32 has an overall dimension of u×s×p mm (length×width×height), and is connected and fixed to the task cargo tray 2 with bolts. The retractable nozzle 31 is made of 5083 aluminum alloy tube with an inner diameter of The telescopic nozzle 31 is electrically driven and controlled by the task display and integrated control unit 6. Figure 2 .

[0050] Design of electrical avionics display system. It is mainly composed of emergency power supply 56, mission switchboard 62, mission cable branch 63, optoelectronic turret 64, data link antenna (2 in total) 65, data cable 66, and video head (2 in total) 67. Mission switchboard 62 is a device for powering and protecting the mission system, and the power distribution of the mission system is taken from the mission switchboard. Mission switchboard 62 is arranged on the right side wall panel of the aircraft near the mission seat 5. Mission cable branch 63 is used for power distribution. Optoelectronic turret 64 is mainly used for reconnaissance, navigation, identification and positioning, target indication, laser ranging, image fusion transmission, search and rescue, environmental monitoring, night vision function, etc. It is a device that integrates multiple optoelectronic sensors. Optoelectronic turret 64 is arranged at the front lower wall panel of the aircraft. Data link antenna (2 in total) 65 and data cable 66 are links for intercommunication of data, which are used for mutual transmission of communication, information, data, pictures, etc. Data link antenna (2 in total) 65 are arranged on the upper and lower wall panels of the middle section of the aircraft respectively. Video heads (2 in total) 67 are distributed at the tail delivery device 32 and the ceiling of the middle section of the aircraft. Figure 1 and Fig. 9 The emergency power supply 56 is an independent emergency power supply system for the mission system, which can be recharged and used repeatedly and is a backup system for the carrier aircraft power supply system. The emergency power supply 56 is connected and fixed to the mission cargo tray 1 with bolts, see Figure 8 .

[0051] Design of integrated management and control system. It is mainly composed of task seat 5, task display and integrated control unit 6, and safety guardrail 7. Task seat 5 is used for operation and control by task personnel. The seat is installed on the task cargo tray 1 through two guide rails. The seat can be adjusted forward and backward, up and down on the guide rails, and is equipped with a safety belt. Safety guardrail 7 protects and restricts the safety of personnel when the tail door of the aircraft is opened to ensure the safety of personnel. It is made of aluminum alloy and is fixed to the task cargo tray 1 with bolts.

[0052] The task display and integrated control unit 6 is mainly composed of the main control panel and the integrated display system. The main control panel. The fire extinguishing operator can easily operate it. The main control panel can control and indicate the status of the entire device, including power supply, fire extinguishing tank filling, ventilation, water volume, cut-off, discharge, pressure, termination, fault alarm indication, etc. It is mainly composed of the following control devices and indicators:

[0053] All safety indicators are released. This indicator shows that all 5 fire extinguisher tanks are released.

[0054] Arm valve status indicator. This indicator indicates when the arm valve on the tank unit is in the fully open / fully closed position. There are 5 indicators for the fully open position of the tank arm valves and 5 indicators for the closed position of these valves.

[0055] Function selection knob. In order to prevent two functions from working at the same time, the system is designed with a function selection knob. Before the task function works (such as the filling function), two steps must be completed first. When the function selection knob is turned and the button points to a certain function (such as the filling function), the green light on the button will light up, indicating which button is effective. Similarly, the function selection knob has a disconnect position, and when it is disconnected, the red light will light up. The wire connects the following buttons to the function selection knob to form a control association relationship:

[0056] Onboard power indicator. This indicator lights up when the system is using onboard power.

[0057] Main Power Button. This button turns the system power on and off (AC and DC).

[0058] Circuit breaker: This automatic circuit breaker protects the system from power overload.

[0059] Emergency power signal light - This signal light is on when the system is using emergency power. Emergency power is generally used when refueling on the ground or when the onboard power fails.

[0060] Filling button. This button is only used for ground filling. When filling, the button opens the filling and ventilation valves of the fire extinguisher tank, and closes the arming valve and the discharge valve to ensure that these valves are in the closed state, ready for filling the fire extinguisher tank system.

[0061] Close the arming valve button. This button closes the arming valve via the arming valve's electrical system.

[0062] Turn on the release valve button. This button is connected to the circuit of each fire extinguisher can release button and is the last button used in conjunction with the selection knob. Press this button and then press any fire extinguisher can release button, and the corresponding fire extinguisher can release valve will open, allowing the fire extinguisher to start working.

[0063] Fire extinguisher tank release button. The button is directly installed under the release valve status indicator of the corresponding fire extinguisher tank. After the release valve button is turned on to connect the circuit, pressing the fire extinguisher tank release button will release the corresponding fire extinguisher tank and start pressurization. By selectively releasing the safety of several or all fire extinguisher tanks, the fire extinguisher operator can establish the working state of fire extinguishing agent discharge.

[0064] Spray button. Press this button to open the discharge valve and spray the fire extinguishing agent. This button is interlocked with the fire extinguisher tank release button, so this button will not work before the system is released.

[0065] Left pipe locked light. This light is controlled by a button and indicates that the left pipe is in the locked position.

[0066] Right Line Lock Light. This light is controlled by the button and indicates that the right line is in the locked position.

[0067] Emergency discharge button: This button will release the insurance of the entire system, the spray valve will also open at the same time, and the left and right cut-off diverter valves (2 in total) 57 will work.

[0068] Pipeline retraction button. This button is activated to retract the telescopic nozzle 31 by electromechanical drive into the tail delivery device 32. Before the cargo bridge is put down and the rear cargo door is put up, this button must not be activated because it is necessary to leave a certain movement space for the pipe.

[0069] Pipe extension button. This button starts the telescopic nozzle 31 to extend out of the tail delivery device 32 through electromechanical drive. Before the cargo bridge is put down and the rear cargo door is closed, this button must not be started because it is necessary to leave a certain amount of movement space for the pipe.

[0070] Pressure regulator. The main operating panel is equipped with a pressure regulator. The pressure regulator is used to adjust the spraying pressure of the fire extinguisher tank. The pressure from the regulator is transmitted to the fire extinguisher tank regulator through the pressure pipeline. The spraying pressure of the fire extinguisher tank is limited to ensure the safety of the fire extinguisher tank.

[0071] The pressure gauge indicates the pressure of each fire extinguisher tank.

[0072] 24 water volume and water level meters (5 in total). The main operation panel is equipped with water volume and water level display meters for each fire extinguisher tank. They are displayed synchronously with the 24 water level meters (5 in total).

[0073] Warning indicator light. Its function is to give warning indication, such as fire extinguisher tank overpressure, spherical high-pressure gas cylinder 40 overpressure, electrical system overload protection, etc.

[0074] Integrated display panel. The integrated display panel displays the aircraft's speed, altitude, attitude, external environmental parameters (such as wind speed, etc.) and other information (provided by the aircraft), displays mission system status data, video head 67 display, etc. It mainly includes the following system components:

[0075] 4 display screens. Two screens are arranged in the same way on the top and bottom, and are displayed by function. The four display screens are respectively the carrier signal environment data display (upper left screen), the mission system data status display (upper right screen), the carrier and fire scene environment screen display (lower left screen), and the mission system cabin internal and external screen display (lower right screen). Among them, the mission system data status display (upper right screen) also displays the fire extinguishing control software data.

[0076] Fire extinguishing control software compilation. The aircraft flies at low altitude and low speed over the fire scene, dropping dozens of tons of fire extinguishing agents within minutes. How to effectively and accurately drop dozens of tons of fire extinguishing agents into the effective area of ​​the fire scene to maximize the effect of the fire extinguishing agents is the core technology of fire-fighting aircraft. The precise delivery control technology of fire-fighting aircraft is closely related to the atmospheric environment (wind direction, wind speed, temperature, relative humidity), terrain, aircraft height, speed, attitude, and delivery method near the fire scene. It involves atmospheric meteorology, fluid mechanics, aerodynamics, flight control and other disciplines. Design fire-fighting precise delivery control software that conforms to the aircraft delivery method to achieve precise fire-fighting delivery by fire-fighting aircraft and ensure aircraft flight safety. The fire-fighting control software is an independent module that contains numerous design parameters and is integrated with the aircraft. When the software calculates that the wind direction, wind speed, aircraft altitude, speed, attitude and other parameters meet the conditions for releasing fire-extinguishing agents, the fire-fighting aircraft will release the fire-extinguishing agent. If the software calculates that the conditions for releasing fire-extinguishing agents are not met, the fire-fighting aircraft needs to adjust the aircraft's altitude, speed, attitude, relative position to the fire scene and other parameters according to the information requirements provided by the software until the conditions for releasing fire-extinguishing agents are met.

[0077] The specific workflow of the fire extinguishing control software is as follows:

[0078] ① The aircraft conducts reconnaissance, search and observation (photoelectric turret 64) of the fire scene at the cruising altitude, detects the fire situation, and provides the data to the fire extinguishing control software;

[0079] ② Approaching the fire area, the aircraft descends its flight altitude and reduces its flight speed; the fire extinguishing control software receives information such as meteorological data, altitude, speed, attitude data, and fire environment data provided by the carrier aircraft;

[0080] ③ The fire extinguishing control software performs calculations. If the calculation results meet the conditions for releasing the fire extinguishing agent, the mission system personnel will issue a command to release the fire extinguishing agent, and the release of the fire extinguishing agent will be completed in a few minutes. If the calculation results do not meet the conditions for releasing the fire extinguishing agent, the aircraft will pull up and make a go-around. According to the feedback from the fire extinguishing control software (the aircraft communication notifies the carrier), the aircraft's altitude, speed, attitude and other data will be adjusted until the calculation results meet the conditions for releasing the fire extinguishing agent, and then the fire extinguishing agent will be released to achieve the goal of accurate fire extinguishing;

[0081] ④ Provide data for fire extinguishing effectiveness evaluation.

[0082] Design of ground support unit. It is mainly composed of airport filling pipe or fire truck 12, ground transport trailer 68 and ground cover 69. The airport filling pipe or fire truck 12 can adopt a general airport fire truck. The fire extinguishing agent carried by the airport fire truck is between 12 tons and 16 tons, which meets the requirements of loading fire extinguishing agent in 5 fire extinguishing tanks; special positions can also be designated to bury special pipelines. The ground transport trailer 68 is a special trailer with functions such as towing, rolling, locking and transportation. It is specially designed for shipping, testing and rapid installation. The ground cover 69 is a ground protection device in which an aviation multi-tank fire extinguishing structure is placed on the ground transport trailer 68. See Fig.10 .

[0083] The aviation multi-tank fire extinguishing structure and the aircraft of the present invention can effectively reduce the intensity of fire, curb the development of fire, and extinguish large and medium-sized forest fires.

Claims

1. An aviation multi-tank fire extinguishing structure, characterized in that: include: Two mission pallets, fire extinguisher tanks, pipelines, fire extinguisher tank filling and ventilation units, fire extinguisher tank air pressure drainage units, tail spray units, electrical avionics systems, integrated management and control systems, ground support units, including: The first task cargo tray is set on the four rollers in the aircraft cabin, and the second task cargo tray is set on the four rollers at the rear door of the aircraft; both task cargo trays are connected to the four rollers through front and rear, left and right limit locking devices for in-and-out cabin transportation; Multiple fire extinguisher tanks are fixed on the first task pallet through fire extinguisher tank brackets; The fire extinguishing agent filling and ventilation unit for the fire extinguishing tank includes: a ground filling joint, a filling pipeline, a filling sub-pipeline, and a short bellows, wherein one end of the first filling pipeline is connected to the ground filling joint, the other end of the first filling pipeline is connected to the second filling pipeline through the short bellows, one end of the filling sub-pipeline is connected to the fire extinguishing tank through the short bellows, and the other end of the filling sub-pipeline is connected to the second filling pipeline, The fire extinguisher tank filling and ventilation unit includes: a ventilation pipeline, a return water pipeline, left and right discharge pipes, and a water cut-off valve. The fire extinguisher tank is provided with a ventilation pipeline, one end of the return water pipeline is connected to the fire extinguisher tank, and the other end of the return water pipeline is connected to the right discharge pipe of the left and right discharge pipes; the return water pipeline is provided with a water cut-off valve; The air pressure drainage unit of the fire extinguisher tank includes: an air compressor, a spherical high-pressure gas cylinder, an air charging pipeline, an air charging sub-pipeline, and a liquid collecting pipe, wherein the output end of the air compressor is connected to the spherical high-pressure gas cylinder, and the output end of the spherical high-pressure gas cylinder is connected to the top of the left side of the fire extinguisher tank through the air charging pipeline and the air charging sub-pipeline; a liquid collecting pipe is designed at the middle lower part of the fire extinguisher tank, and the liquid collecting pipe is connected to the left and right shunt pipes through a three-way joint; the left and right shunt pipes are connected and fixed to the left and right discharge pipes; The tail spraying unit includes a retractable nozzle and a tail delivery device, wherein the retractable nozzle is connected to the left and right discharge pipes; The electrical avionics system includes: emergency power supply, mission switchboard, mission cable branch, optoelectronic turret, data link antenna, data cable, and video head. The mission switchboard distributes power through the mission cable branch; the data link antenna and data cable are links for data exchange; the optoelectronic turret is used for reconnaissance, navigation, identification and positioning, target indication, laser ranging, image fusion transmission, search and rescue, environmental monitoring, and night vision. The integrated management and control system includes: a task seat, a task display and integrated control unit, and a safety guardrail, wherein the task seat is installed on the first task cargo tray through two guide rails, and the safety guardrail is arranged on the periphery of the task seat; the task display and integrated control unit includes a main control panel and an integrated display system, wherein the main control panel is used for operating and controlling and indicating the status of the entire device, and the integrated display system is used for displaying the status of the entire device; The ground support unit includes: an airport filling pipe or a fire truck, a ground transport trailer, and a ground covering cloth. The ground transport trailer is used for the transportation of the aviation multi-tank fire extinguishing structure, and the ground covering cloth is used for the protection of the aviation multi-tank fire extinguishing structure.

2. The aviation multi-tank fire extinguishing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both ends of the fire extinguisher tank are high-arch flange parts, which are welded into one by arc welding. Each fire extinguisher tank includes an upper end weld, a left end weld, and a right end weld. Four 5083 aluminum alloy porous partitions are arc welded inside the tank, 2 horizontally and 2 vertically, to form a "well"-shaped partition. The cross-section of each partition is a convex-concave trapezoid, and the plates are symmetrically arranged in the tank front, back, left and right.

3. The aviation multi-tank fire extinguishing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: Three fire extinguisher tank brackets are arranged at the bottom of each fire extinguisher tank, and the base of the fire extinguisher tank bracket is reliably connected and fixed to the first task pallet with standard bolts.

4. The aviation multi-tank fire extinguishing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A filling one-way valve is arranged on the first filling pipeline; and an electromagnetic valve is arranged on the second filling pipeline.

5. The aviation multi-tank fire extinguishing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A one-way valve is arranged on the inflation pipeline.

6. The aviation multi-tank fire extinguishing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each inflation sub-pipeline is provided with a pressure regulator and a pressure sensor.

7. The aviation multi-tank fire extinguishing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The left and right discharge pipes are connected and fixed to the task pallet through the left and right discharge pipe clamps.

8. The aviation multi-tank fire extinguishing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material of the collecting pipe is 5083 aluminum alloy tube.

9. An aircraft, characterized in that: An aviation multi-tank fire extinguishing structure comprising any one of claims 1-8.

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