Composite microbial agent and application thereof in production of carbon-based fertilizer from woody oil processing residues

Abstract

The invention relates to a compound microbial agent and application thereof in production of a carbon-based fertilizer from woody oil plant processing residues, the compound microbial agent comprises Aspergillus ustus, Penicillium suyzae, Bacillus siamensis and Purpureocillium lilacinum, the preservation number of the Aspergillus ustus is CGMCC No.41237, the preservation number of the Penicillium suyzae is CGMCC No.41238, the preservation number of the Bacillus siamensis is CGMCC No.30728, the preservation number of the Purpureocillium lilacinum is CGMCC No.41238, and the preservation number of the Purpureocillium lilacinum is CGMCC No.41238. The preservation number of the purpureocillium lilacinum is CGMCC (China General Microbiological Culture Collection The application comprises the following steps: adjusting the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the woody oil processing residues to obtain a mixed material; adding 0.5-2.0 wt% of a compound microbial agent, adjusting the water content of the material to 55-60%, and uniformly stirring to obtain a material to be fermented; stacking and fermenting the to-be-fermented material, raising the temperature to 55 DEG C or above on the second day, keeping the stacking temperature at 55-82 DEG C for 25-30 days, reducing the temperature of a stacking body to 40 DEG C or below, adding charcoal accounting for 5-15% of the dry weight of the fermented material, aging for 10-15 days, and finishing composting to obtain the carbon-based fertilizer. After the carbon-based fertilizer is applied, the nitrogen utilization rate of crops can be increased, plant growth is promoted, and the crop yield is increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of recycling woody oil processing residues, and specifically relates to a composite microbial agent and application thereof in producing carbon-based fertilizers from woody oil processing residues. Background Art

[0002] my country consumes 38 million tons of edible vegetable oil annually, accounting for more than 90% of the total vegetable oil consumption, while domestic edible vegetable oil production is less than 12 million tons. More than 70% of edible vegetable oil is imported, of which herbaceous oil crops produce a total of 9.24 million tons, accounting for 75.55% of domestic vegetable oil production.

[0003] With the development of the woody oil industry, its planting area has reached 200 million mu, with an annual output of about 1.5 million tons of woody edible oil, accounting for 12.5%. At the same time, a large amount of woody oil processing residues are also produced, such as oil tea fruit shells, oil tea cakes, walnut green peels, olive peels, etc. These residues are rich in cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, protein, sugars, fats, saponins, alkaloids and mineral elements, and are good raw materials for preparing functional carbon-based fertilizers. However, at present, these residues are either discarded in valleys, river beaches, and roadsides in disorder, and flow into waters after being washed by rainwater, seriously polluting water bodies; or burned as fuel, polluting the atmosphere, becoming a source of serious environmental pollution, and causing a large amount of waste of biomass resources and ecological damage.

[0004] Patent document with publication number CN106831065A discloses an organic fertilizer made from camellia oleifera shells and camellia oleifera cake to obtain a bio-fertilizer rich in tea saponin; for example, patent document with publication number CN105315094A discloses a high-efficiency organic fertilizer made from camellia oleifera shells, camellia oleifera seed cake, chicken manure, tobacco powder and RW enzyme, which has a long-lasting fertilizer effect and is insect-resistant and bactericidal.

[0005] However, with the development of the woody oil industry, the low-cost, clean, efficient and high-value utilization of woody oil processing residues faces a series of new problems and challenges. Summary of the invention

[0006] Based on the above-mentioned shortcomings and deficiencies in the prior art, one of the objects of the present invention is to at least solve one or more of the above-mentioned problems in the prior art. In other words, one of the objects of the present invention is to provide a composite microbial agent that meets one or more of the above-mentioned needs and its application in the production of charcoal-based fertilizers from woody oil processing residues.

[0007] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] A composite microbial agent comprising Aspergillus ryukyuus, Penicillium sumatranus, Bacillus siamense and Pseudomonas lilacinus;

[0009] The deposit number of Aspergillus niger is CGMCC No.41237;

[0010] The deposit number of Penicillium sumatraensis is CGMCC No.41238;

[0011] The deposit number of Bacillus siamea is CGMCC No.30728;

[0012] The deposit number of Pseudomonas lilacinus is CGMCC No.41239.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment, the volume ratio of Aspergillus Ryukyuensis, Penicillium Sumatraensis, Bacillus siamensis and Pseudomonas lilacinus is (3-4): (2-3): (1-3): (1-3).

[0014] The present invention also provides the use of the composite microbial agent as described in any of the above schemes in producing carbon-based fertilizer from woody oil processing residues, comprising the following steps:

[0015] (1) Based on the residue of woody oil processing, a nitrogen source is added to adjust the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the material to 25-30, and the mixture is stirred to obtain a mixed material;

[0016] (2) adding 0.5-2.0 wt % of a composite microbial agent to the mixed material, adjusting the moisture content of the material to 55-60%, and stirring uniformly to obtain a material to be fermented;

[0017] (3) fermenting the fermented material, raising the temperature to above 55°C on the second day, maintaining the pile temperature at 55-82°C for 25-30 days, and adding biochar at 5-15% of the dry weight of the fermented material after aging for 10-15 days to obtain a carbon-based fertilizer after the pile temperature drops to below 40°C.

[0018] As a preferred embodiment, in the step (3), the composting method is to place the material to be fermented in a nano-membrane composting system for fermentation, with full-time blowing on the 1st to 2nd day, intermittent blowing from the 3rd day, and full-time blowing for cooling and dehumidification from the 40th day. On the 20th to 30th day, the material is turned over once, the material on the periphery of the fermentation tank is turned to the middle, and the material in the middle is turned to the periphery, and the fermentation is continued until the temperature of the pile drops below 40°C after the fermentation is completed, and the pile is stacked for 10-15 days.

[0019] During the entire fermentation process, the temperature rises to above 55°C on the second day of pile construction, and the pile temperature remains at 55-82°C for 25-30 days.

[0020] As a preferred embodiment, in step (1), the residues from woody oil processing are first classified, impurity-removed, and crushed to 1-10 mm.

[0021] As a preferred embodiment, the woody oil processing residue is one or more of the peels and cakes produced during the processing of woody oil fruits such as camellia, walnut, olive, pecan, tung, chestnut, coconut, Chinese tallow tree, Xanthoceras sorbifolia, and Torreya grandis.

[0022] As a preferred embodiment, in the step (1), the residues from woody oil processing are mixed according to their physical and chemical properties;

[0023] The physical and chemical properties of the woody oil residues are cellulose, lignin, carbon, nitrogen content, and water absorption and water retention;

[0024] Mixing a material high in cellulose and lignin content with a material low in cellulose and lignin content;

[0025] Mixing materials with low nitrogen content with materials with high nitrogen content;

[0026] Mix materials that absorb and retain water well with materials that absorb and retain water poorly.

[0027] As a preferred embodiment, in step (1), the nitrogen source is an organic nitrogen source or an inorganic nitrogen source, the inorganic nitrogen source is urea or ammonium salt, and the organic nitrogen source is a plant nitrogen source or an animal nitrogen source.

[0028] As a preferred embodiment, the parameters of the carbon-based fertilizer include: based on fixed carbon content, the mass fraction of biochar is ≥5%; based on oven-drying basis, the mass fraction of carbon is ≥20%; based on oven-drying basis, the mass fraction of total nutrients N+P2O5+K2O is ≥4%; the mass fraction of water is ≤30%; the pH value is 6.0-8.0; the number of coliform bacteria is <100 / g; the mortality rate of ascaris eggs is >95%; based on oven-drying basis, total arsenic is <15 mg / kg, total mercury is <2 mg / kg, total lead is <50 mg / kg, total cadmium is <3 mg / kg, and total chromium is <150 mg / kg.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0030] (1) The composite microbial agent of the present invention can quickly and effectively degrade secondary metabolites (such as saponins, essential oils, alkaloids, tannins, etc.), hemicellulose, and part of cellulose and lignin in the woody oil processing residues, thereby making the woody oil processing residues safe and stable;

[0031] (2) The present invention adds biochar when the compost temperature drops to 40° C. to regulate microbial activity, improve the nutrient retention capacity of the compost, and obtain a charcoal-based fertilizer;

[0032] (3) The siam bacillus and purpurogenous spores contained in the carbon-based fertilizer of the present invention have strong antagonistic ability to common disease bacteria and fungi. After the carbon-based fertilizer is applied, the nitrogen utilization rate of crops can be improved, plant growth can be promoted, and crop yield can be increased. In short, the fermentation product of the present invention has multiple functions of organic fertilizer, carbon-based fertilizer and microbial fertilizer, and realizes the high-value utilization of woody oil processing residues. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The technical solution of the present invention is further explained below through specific embodiments.

[0034] Microbial preservation instructions:

[0035] 1. Aspergillus luchensis YL-1, deposit number CGMCC No.41237, deposit date May 22, 2024, depositor: General Microbiology Center of China Culture Collection Administration; the sequence comparison results are shown in Table 1.

[0036] Table 1 Sequence comparison results of YL-1

[0037]

[0038] 2. Penicillium sumatraense YL-2, deposit number CGMCC No.41238, deposit date May 22, 2024, depositor: General Microbiology Center of China National Microbiological Culture Collection Administration; the sequence comparison results are shown in Table 2.

[0039] Table 2 Sequence comparison results of YL-2

[0040]

[0041] 3. Bacillus siamensis YL-3, deposit number CGMCC No.30728, deposit date May 22, 2024, deposit unit: General Microbiology Center of China National Microbiological Culture Collection Administration; the sequence comparison results are shown in Table 3.

[0042] Table 3 Sequence comparison results of YL-3

[0043]

[0044] 4. Purpureocillium lilacinum YL-4, deposit number CGMCC No.41239, deposit date May 22, 2024, depository unit: General Microbiology Center of China National Microbiological Culture Collection Administration.

[0045] Table 4 Sequence comparison results of YL-4

[0046]

[0047] Embodiment 1:

[0048] The method for producing carbon-based fertilizer from woody oil processing residues of this embodiment comprises:

[0049] Add a quarter of the dry weight of tea seed meal to the air-dried and crushed tea seed shells to 1-10 mm, add pig manure to adjust the carbon-nitrogen ratio to 30, add 1wt% of the pile of microbial mixed inoculants (the volume ratio of Aspergillus Ryukyuensis, Penicillium Sumatraensis, Bacillus siamense and Pseudomonas lilacinus is 3:2:3:2), add water and stir evenly to make the moisture content reach about 60%;

[0050] The pile is moved to the fermentation tank of the nano-membrane composting system. The compost temperature rises to 60°C on the second day. The pile is turned once on the 20th day, and the peripheral materials are turned to the middle, and the middle materials are turned to the periphery. The temperature of the pile is maintained at 55-82°C for 30 days during the whole composting process. When the temperature of the pile drops to 40°C, 5% biochar of the dry weight of the fermented material is added, and the pile is removed from the fermentation tank for aging for 15 days.

[0051] The mass fraction of biochar in the tested charcoal-based fertilizer was 5.2%, the mass fraction of carbon was 31%, the organic matter content was 53.44%, the total nutrient N+P2O5+K2O was 5.1%, the moisture content was 28%, the pH was 7.2, the number of coliform bacteria was 0 / g, the ascaris egg mortality rate was 100%, the C / N was 16.92, and the heavy metal content met the requirements of "Biocaloric Organic Fertilizer" NY / T 3618-2020.

[0052] Embodiment 2:

[0053] The method for producing carbon-based fertilizer from woody oil processing residues of this embodiment comprises:

[0054] Add one-fourth of the dry weight of Torreya grandis peel to the air-dried and crushed walnut green peel to 1-10 mm, add urea, adjust the carbon-nitrogen ratio to 25, add 1.5wt% of the pile of microbial mixed bacteria (Ryukyu Aspergillus, Sumatran Penicillium, Siamese Bacillus and Lilacinus purpurogenus volume ratio of 4:3:1:2), add water and stir evenly to make the moisture content reach about 60%;

[0055] The pile was moved to the fermentation tank of the nano-membrane composting system. The compost temperature rose to 65°C on the second day. The pile was turned once on the 20th day, and the peripheral materials were turned to the middle and the middle materials were turned to the periphery. The temperature of the pile was maintained at 55-82°C for 26 days during the whole composting process. When the temperature of the pile dropped to 40°C, 8% biochar of the dry weight of the fermented material was added, and the pile was removed from the fermentation tank for aging for 10 days.

[0056] The mass fraction of biochar in the tested charcoal-based fertilizer was 8.0%, the mass fraction of carbon was 33%, the organic matter content was 56.89%, the total nutrients were 5.4%, the moisture content was 27%, the pH was 7.4, the number of coliform bacteria was 0 / g, the ascaris egg mortality rate was 100%, the C / N was 17.81, and the heavy metal content met the requirements of "Biocaloric Organic Fertilizer" NY / T 3618-2020.

[0057] Embodiment 3:

[0058] The method for producing carbon-based fertilizer from woody oil processing residues of this embodiment comprises:

[0059] Add one-fourth of the dry weight of olive peel to the air-dried and crushed pecan shells to 1-10 mm, add chicken manure, adjust the carbon-nitrogen ratio to 28, add 1.3wt% of the homemade microbial mixed inoculant (Ryukyu Aspergillus, Sumatran Penicillium, Siamese Bacillus and Lilacinus purpurogenus in a volume ratio of 4:2:3:1), add water and stir evenly to make the moisture content reach about 60%;

[0060] The pile was moved to the fermentation tank of the nano-membrane composting system. The compost temperature rose to 62°C on the second day. The pile was turned once on the 22nd day, and the peripheral materials were turned to the middle and the middle materials were turned to the periphery. The temperature of the pile was maintained at 55-82°C for 28 days during the whole composting process. When the temperature of the pile dropped to 40°C, biochar of 12% of the dry weight of the fermented material was added, and the pile was removed from the fermentation tank for aging for 13 days.

[0061] The mass fraction of biochar in the tested charcoal-based fertilizer was 12.1%, the mass fraction of carbon was 34%, the organic matter content was 58.62%, the total nutrients were 5.3%, the moisture content was 29%, the pH was 7.3, the number of coliform bacteria was 0 / g, the ascaris egg mortality rate was 100%, the C / N was 15.43, and the heavy metal content met the requirements of "Biocaloric Organic Fertilizer" NY / T 3618-2020.

[0062] Embodiment 4:

[0063] The method for producing carbon-based fertilizer from woody oil processing residues of this embodiment comprises:

[0064] Add sheep manure of one quarter of the dry weight to the oil tea shells that have been air-dried and crushed to 1-10 mm, add urea, adjust the carbon-nitrogen ratio to 25, add 1wt% of the pile of homemade microbial mixed inoculants (Ryukyu Aspergillus, Sumatran Penicillium, Siamese Bacillus and Lilacinus purpurogenus in a volume ratio of 3:2:3:2), add water and stir evenly to make the moisture content reach about 60%;

[0065] The pile was moved to the fermentation tank of the nano-membrane composting system. The compost temperature rose to 65°C on the second day. The pile was turned once on the 20th day, and the peripheral materials were turned to the middle and the middle materials were turned to the periphery. The pile temperature was maintained at 55-82°C for 25 days. When the pile temperature dropped to 40°C, biochar of 15% of the dry weight of the fermented material was added, and the pile was removed from the fermentation tank for aging for 12 days.

[0066] The mass fraction of biochar in the tested charcoal-based fertilizer was 15.02%, the mass fraction of carbon was 33%, the organic matter content was 56.89%, the total nutrients were 5.1%, the moisture content was 27%, the pH was 7.1, the number of coliform bacteria was 0 / g, the ascaris egg mortality rate was 100%, the C / N was 16.11, and the heavy metal content met the requirements of "Biocaloric Organic Fertilizer" NY / T 3618-2020.

[0067] After the carbon-based fertilizer produced in the above embodiment is applied to crops, the data that it can promote plant growth and increase crop yield are shown in Table 1 and Table 2.

[0068] Table 1 Average yield of green vegetables using different carbon-based fertilizers (kg / m 2 )

[0069]

[0070]

[0071] Table 2 Average seedling height and ground diameter of one-year-old Camellia oleifera seedlings after 6 months of cultivation with different carbon-based fertilizers (cm)

[0072]

[0073] In view of the numerous embodiments of the scheme of the present invention, the raw materials and dosage involved can be selected according to actual needs within the limited range, and the experimental data of each embodiment is huge and numerous, which is not suitable for listing and explaining one by one here, but the content required to be verified and the final conclusion obtained in each embodiment are similar. Therefore, the verification content of each embodiment will not be explained one by one here.

[0074] The above description is only a detailed description of the preferred embodiments and principles of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, according to the ideas provided by the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods, and these changes should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A composite microbial agent, characterized in that: These include Aspergillus Ryukyuus, Penicillium Sumatraensis, Bacillus siamense, and Pseudomonas lilacinus; The deposit number of Aspergillus niger is CGMCC No.41237; The deposit number of Penicillium sumatraensis is CGMCC No.41238; The deposit number of Bacillus siamea is CGMCC No.30728; The deposit number of Pseudomonas lilacinus is CGMCC No.41239.

2. The composite microbial agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The volume ratio of Aspergillus Ryukyuensis, Penicillium Sumatraensis, Bacillus siamensis and Pseudomonas lilacinus is (3-4): (2-3): (1-3): (1-3).

3. The use of the composite microbial agent as claimed in claim 1 or 2 in producing carbon-based fertilizer from woody oil processing residues, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (1) Based on the residue of woody oil processing, a nitrogen source is added to adjust the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the material to 25-30, and the mixture is stirred to obtain a mixed material; (2) adding 0.5-2.0 wt % of a composite microbial agent to the mixed material, adjusting the moisture content of the material to 55-60%, and stirring uniformly to obtain a material to be fermented; (3) The fermented material is piled and fermented. The temperature rises to above 55° C. on the second day, and the pile temperature is maintained at 55-82° C. for 25-30 days. When the pile temperature drops below 40° C., 5-15% of the dry weight of the fermented material is added with biochar, and the fermentation is aged for 10-15 days to obtain a carbon-based fertilizer.

4. The use according to claim 3, characterized in that: In the step (3), the composting method is to place the material to be fermented in a nano-membrane composting system for fermentation, with full-time blowing on the 1st to 2nd day, intermittent blowing from the 3rd day, and full-time blowing for cooling and dehumidification from the 40th day. On the 20th to 30th day, the material is turned over once, the material outside the fermentation tank is turned to the middle, and the material in the middle is turned to the periphery, and the fermentation is continued until the temperature of the pile drops below 40° C. after the fermentation is completed, and the fermentation is aged for 10-15 days; During the entire fermentation process, the temperature rises to above 55°C on the second day of pile construction, and the pile temperature remains at 55-82°C for 25-30 days.

5. The use according to claim 3, characterized in that: In the step (1), the residues from woody oil processing are first classified, impurities removed, and crushed to 1-10 mm.

6. The use according to claim 3, characterized in that: The woody oil processing residue is one or more of the peels and cakes produced in the processing of woody oil fruits such as camellia, walnut, olive, pecan, tung, chestnut, coconut, Chinese tallow tree, Xanthoceras sorbifolia and Torreya grandis.

7. The use according to claim 3, characterized in that: In the step (1), the residues from woody oil processing are mixed according to their physical and chemical properties; The physical and chemical properties of the woody oil residues are cellulose, lignin, carbon, nitrogen content, and water absorption and water retention; Mixing a material high in cellulose and lignin content with a material low in cellulose and lignin content; Mixing materials with low nitrogen content with materials with high nitrogen content; Mix materials that absorb and retain water well with materials that absorb and retain water poorly.

8. The use according to claim 3, characterized in that: In the step (1), the nitrogen source is an organic nitrogen source or an inorganic nitrogen source, the inorganic nitrogen source is urea or ammonium salt, and the organic nitrogen source is a plant nitrogen source or an animal nitrogen source.

9. The use according to claims 3-8, characterized in that: The parameters of the carbon-based fertilizer include: based on fixed carbon content, the mass fraction of biochar is ≥5%; based on oven-drying basis, the mass fraction of carbon is ≥20%; based on oven-drying basis, the mass fraction of total nutrients N+P2O5+K2O is ≥4%; the mass fraction of water is ≤30%; pH value is 6.0-8.0; the number of coliform bacteria is <100 / g; the mortality rate of ascaris eggs is >95%; based on oven-drying basis, total arsenic is <15mg / kg, total mercury is <2mg / kg, total lead is <50mg / kg, total cadmium is <3mg / kg, and total chromium is <150mg / kg.

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