Weak surrounding rock vertical shaft pilot shaft protection wall structure and construction method

Abstract

The invention provides a weak surrounding rock vertical shaft pilot shaft protection wall structure and a construction method, and relates to the technical field of building construction.The protection wall structure comprises a well protection module, the well protection module comprises a plurality of axially-connected pipe bodies, the outer diameter of each pipe body is smaller than the inner diameter of a construction pilot shaft, and the adjacent pipe bodies are detachably connected; the concrete backfilling module is filled between the well protection module and the inner wall of the construction pilot well; and the lower end of the construction pilot shaft is provided with an underground adit in a communicating mode, the supporting platform is installed in the underground adit, and the top end of the supporting platform is connected with the pipe body located at the lowermost portion. Compared with the prior art, the problem that the pilot shaft wall is prone to damage during pilot shaft construction can be effectively solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of building construction, and in particular to a soft surrounding rock vertical shaft guide shaft wall protection structure and a construction method. Background Art

[0002] The "reverse well method" is to use a reverse well drilling rig to drill a hole from top to bottom in the vertical shaft to form a guide hole, and then use the guide hole to install a hole-expanding drill bit at the bottom to reverse pull from bottom to top to form a guide well, and finally use the guide well to slide slag. Due to its advantages such as low construction difficulty and easy slag discharge, it is currently the mainstream construction method for vertical shaft excavation and support. Compared with the normal well excavation method, it has high construction efficiency, more controllable construction period and low construction cost.

[0003] With respect to the above-mentioned related technologies, the applicant has found in practice that when the pilot well is constructed by the reverse well method, the well wall of the pilot well is often damaged. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to improve the problem that the guide shaft wall is easily damaged during the guide shaft construction, the present application provides a guide shaft wall protection structure and a construction method for a soft surrounding rock vertical shaft.

[0005] In the first aspect, the present application provides a soft surrounding rock shaft guide wall protection structure, which adopts the following technical solution: A soft surrounding rock vertical shaft pilot shaft wall protection structure comprises: a shaft protection module, comprising a plurality of axially connected pipe bodies, wherein the outer diameter of the pipe body is smaller than the inner diameter of the construction pilot shaft, and adjacent pipe bodies are detachably connected; a concrete backfill module, filled between the shaft protection module and the inner wall of the construction pilot shaft; a support platform, wherein an underground flat hole is provided at the lower end of the construction pilot shaft, the support platform is installed in the underground flat hole, and the top of the support platform is connected to the pipe body located at the bottom.

[0006] Preferably, the pipe body includes an axially connected pipe segment and a socket section, and the socket section is used for socket connection with the adjacent pipe segment; along the axial direction of the pipe body, the diameter of the socket section gradually decreases from the side away from the pipe segment to the side close to the pipe segment, and the minimum outer diameter of the socket section is the same as the outer diameter of the pipe segment.

[0007] Preferably, the upper opening of the construction guide shaft is connected to a well flat tunnel, and winches are provided in the well flat tunnel and on both sides of the construction guide shaft, and the winches are connected to the outer wall of the pipe section through a steel wire rope; and lifting ears are symmetrically provided on the outer wall of the pipe section, and the lifting ears are used to be connected to the steel wire rope.

[0008] Preferably, a connecting plate is provided on the top of the supporting platform, and a docking groove for placing the pipe segment is provided at the center of the connecting plate; a hole is coaxially formed on the inner bottom wall of the docking groove and penetrates therethrough, and the inner diameter of the hole is smaller than the outer diameter of the pipe segment.

[0009] Preferably, a manhole cover is provided on the top of the well protection module, and the manhole cover is suspended above the well protection module through a top lifting system outside the construction guide well; the manhole cover is configured as a conical structure, and the manhole cover has a first end and a second end that are separated from each other, the first end is a pointed end and is connected to the top lifting system through a wire rope, and the second end is attached to the upper end opening of the pipe section, and the cross-sectional diameter of the second end is larger than the outer diameter of the pipe section.

[0010] Preferably, a concrete pumping system is provided in the flat tunnel above the well, and the pump outlet of the concrete pumping system is connected to a chute, which extends vertically downward into the construction guide well, and is used to spray concrete between the well protection module and the inner wall of the construction guide well to form the concrete backfill module; the position where the chute is lowered is close to the side wall of the construction guide well.

[0011] Preferably, along the extension direction of the slide pipe, a plurality of groups of connecting flanges are provided on the outside of the slide pipe, and connecting holes are penetrated on the connecting flanges; a lifting device is also provided in the flat hole above the well, and a fixing rope is connected to the lifting device, and one fixing rope is respectively provided in parallel on two opposite sides of the slide pipe, wherein rope clamps are symmetrically provided on both sides of the slide pipe near the bottom opening, and the fixing rope passes through the plurality of groups of connecting holes on the connecting flanges in sequence and is connected to the rope clamps.

[0012] Preferably, a soft nozzle is connected to the bottom end of the chute, and a deflection assembly and a limit assembly are installed outside the soft nozzle, wherein the deflection assembly is arranged on the periphery of the soft nozzle, and is used to drive the soft nozzle to bend toward the inner wall side close to the construction guide well, so that the nozzle end of the soft nozzle sprays concrete toward the side away from the well protection module; the limit assembly is arranged on the chute and located at the outer periphery of the deflection assembly, and the limit assembly has a switchable first state and a second state, wherein, when the limit assembly is in the first state, the limit assembly blocks the deflection assembly on the outer periphery to limit the deflection assembly from driving the soft nozzle to deflect; when the limit assembly is in the second state, the limit assembly and the deflection assembly are staggered in the axial direction of the chute, so that the deflection assembly is no longer subject to the limiting force of the limit assembly.

[0013] Preferably, the deflection component includes a contact piece and a torsion spring, wherein a plurality of the contact pieces are sequentially connected along the length direction of the soft nozzle, and adjacent contact pieces are hingedly arranged, and the torsion spring is arranged at the hinge between adjacent contact pieces; the cross-sectional shape of the contact piece is semicircular, and the inner diameter of the contact piece is larger than the outer diameter of the soft nozzle, and the torsion spring always has a tendency to rotate the adjacent contact pieces toward the notch side of the contact piece; among the plurality of contact pieces, the three contact pieces located at the top, middle and bottom are all bonded to the outer wall of the soft nozzle, and the remaining contact pieces are in contact with the outer wall of the soft nozzle, and the plurality of contact pieces The torsion force of the torsion spring gradually increases from top to bottom; the limit assembly includes an electric cylinder and a limit sleeve, the electric cylinder is arranged on the outer wall of the slide tube, and the piston rod of the electric cylinder extends vertically downward, the limit sleeve is axially connected to the piston rod of the electric cylinder, and the inner diameter of the limit sleeve is larger than the outer diameter of the slide tube, wherein, when the limit assembly is in a first state, the limit sleeve moves to the outer periphery of the slide tube under the driving action of the piston rod of the electric cylinder after extension; when the limit assembly is in a second state, the limit sleeve avoids the outer periphery of the slide tube under the driving action of the piston rod of the electric cylinder after shortening.

[0014] In a second aspect, the present application provides a method for constructing a vertical shaft pilot shaft in soft surrounding rock, which adopts the following technical solution: A construction method for a soft surrounding rock vertical shaft pilot shaft is implemented based on the soft surrounding rock vertical shaft pilot shaft wall protection structure described in the above scheme, and comprises the following steps: A raise boring machine is used to form a construction pilot well, and then a support platform is installed in the underground flat hole; The pipe body is transported to the horizontal tunnel above the well, and the pipe body is lifted symmetrically along the construction guide well by a winch and lowered to the support platform at the bottom. The position is adjusted so that the pipe body is placed in the docking groove, and then the pipe body is welded to the docking plate; Subsequently, the single-section pipe body is lowered in sequence, and adjacent pipe sections are connected by sockets and spigots. The installation is stopped after the installation is completed for a length of 20 to 30 meters. The well protection module is erected on the support platform, and a chute is extended from the flat hole on the well to the construction guide well, and concrete is poured into the gap between the construction guide well and the well protection module through the chute to form a concrete backfill module; After the fixed well module is poured, the strength of the concrete backfill module meets the requirements, and then the pipe installation and backfill concrete construction of the subsequent upper well section are started, and the installation and pouring are carried out in sections until the upper wellhead of the construction pilot well is completed; After all pipes are installed and concrete backfilled, the bottom support platform is removed, followed by the winch in the horizontal tunnel above the well.

[0015] The present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects: The present invention solves the problems of well wall damage, collapse and the like that may be encountered during the construction of a pilot well in a soft surrounding rock area by innovatively designing a comprehensive coordination of a well protection module, a concrete backfill module and a support platform.

[0016] The detachable connectivity of the shaft protection module improves the flexibility of the structure and the convenience of construction; the concrete backfill module provides effective support and buffering, enhancing the impact resistance of the overall structure; and the support platform further strengthens the stability of the shaft wall and reduces the destructive effect of dynamic impact on the shaft wall. This combination solution not only optimizes the support effect during the construction process, but also greatly improves the safety and efficiency of construction. Especially under complex geological conditions, it has significant technical advantages in risk control and cost savings for shaft construction.

[0017] Therefore, the soft surrounding rock vertical shaft guide wall protection structure described in the present invention can effectively solve the deficiencies in the prior art, greatly improve the safety, reliability and economy during the construction process, and make the guide shaft wall less likely to be damaged during the construction process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0019] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a pilot shaft structure of some embodiments of the present application; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the tube body used to show some embodiments of the present application; Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A magnified view of part A in FIG. Figure 4 is a partial schematic diagram of a pilot well in some embodiments of the present application; Figure 5 yes Figure 4 A magnified view of part B in FIG. Figure 6 It is a partial schematic diagram for showing the limit assembly in some embodiments of the present application. Figure 1 ; Figure 7 is a partial cross-sectional view for showing the limiting assembly in some embodiments of the present application; Figure 8 It is a partial schematic diagram for showing the limit assembly in some embodiments of the present application. Figure 2 ; Fig. 9It is a partial schematic diagram for illustrating a deflection component in some embodiments of the present application.

[0020] The markings in the figure are: 100, well protection module; 110, pipe body; 111, pipe joint; 112, socket section; 113, lifting lug; 200, construction guide shaft; 300, concrete backfill module; 400, support platform; 410, connecting plate; 411, docking groove; 412, hole body; 500, underground flat hole; 600, above-ground flat hole; 610, winch; 700, manhole cover; 800, slide pipe; 810, connecting flange; 820, fixing rope; 830, rope clamp; 900, flexible nozzle; 910, deflection assembly; 911, abutment plate; 912, torsion spring; 920, limit assembly; 921, electric cylinder; 922, limit sleeve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] To make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other implementation methods obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] The terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present application are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchangeable under appropriate circumstances, so that the embodiments of the present application can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described here, and the objects distinguished by "first", "second", etc. are generally of one type, and the number of objects is not limited. For example, the first object can be one or more. In addition, "and / or" in the specification and claims represents at least one of the connected objects, and the character " / " generally indicates that the objects associated with each other are in an "or" relationship.

[0023] In the related technology, the "reverse well method" is a mainstream construction method for shaft excavation and support. Its construction process includes: using a reverse well drilling rig to drill a hole from top to bottom in the shaft to form a guide hole, installing a hole-expanding drill bit at the bottom of the guide hole and pulling it back from bottom to top to form a guide well, and finally using the guide well for slag removal. Compared with the traditional positive well excavation method, the "reverse well method" has the advantages of low construction difficulty, convenient slag removal, high construction efficiency, strong controllability of the construction period, and low construction cost. Therefore, it is widely used in shaft excavation and support projects.

[0024] However, although the "reverse well method" shows excellent adaptability under most engineering conditions, it has obvious technical limitations under certain specific geological conditions. During the slag sliding process, the pilot shaft needs to withstand a large amount of collision and impact of slag sliding down from the upper excavation surface. When the surrounding rock conditions are good, the pilot shaft wall can usually maintain stability; but in areas with low surrounding rock strength, developed fracture zones or widespread distribution of weak rock mass, the pilot shaft wall is very susceptible to serious damage. This is because the weak rock mass is subjected to repeated collisions under the action of gravity during the slag sliding process, which will cause the rock mass of the pilot shaft wall to break, peel off, or even collapse, which will directly affect the safety and construction efficiency of the shaft construction.

[0025] The existing technologies have certain defects and deficiencies in dealing with the above problems. For example, in areas with weak surrounding rock, the well wall is usually reinforced by spraying concrete, anchor reinforcement or steel mesh support to improve the impact resistance of the well wall. However, these traditional reinforcement methods still have the following limitations in practical applications: 1. Increased construction complexity and cost: Traditional reinforcement methods usually require additional construction procedures, which increases construction difficulty and cost, especially when the shaft is deep, the efficiency of the reinforcement operation is low; 2. Limited local effect: Reinforcement measures in soft surrounding rocks are easily limited by construction accuracy and geological conditions. The reinforcement effect is often difficult to fully cover the weaknesses of the well wall, and there are weak links; 3. Dynamic impact is difficult to prevent and control: The dynamic impact force generated during the slag sliding process is complex and random. Traditional reinforcement methods cannot effectively buffer or disperse these dynamic impact forces, resulting in local instability or overall collapse of the well wall.

[0026] During the construction of the shaft, the applicability of the "reverse shaft method" under weak surrounding rock conditions has been exposed in engineering practice. Specifically, when the shaft passes through a broken zone, a fault zone or a low-strength rock mass, the rock structure of the shaft wall is easily damaged by impact during the slag sliding process, which may lead to a decrease in slag sliding efficiency or even a partial or complete collapse of the shaft body, seriously threatening construction safety. In addition, this instability of the shaft wall not only affects the engineering quality of the shaft, but may also significantly increase the difficulty of subsequent support construction processes, further prolonging the construction period and increasing construction costs.

[0027] Through in-depth research on existing technologies and analysis of engineering cases, it is found that the existing "reverse well method" construction support technology for soft surrounding rock conditions has not yet formed a systematic solution, and cannot fundamentally solve the problem of well wall damage caused by impact during slag sliding. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a technical solution that can effectively improve the stability of the pilot well wall under soft surrounding rock conditions, avoid well wall damage and shaft collapse caused by slag sliding impact, and thus ensure the safety of shaft construction and engineering quality.

[0028] In summary, the current "reverse well method" has the technical difficulty that the well wall is easily damaged under soft surrounding rock conditions, and the existing technical solutions have limited effects in improving the impact resistance of the well wall. The demand for improved technology to address this problem is very urgent.

[0029] Based on this, the present application provides a soft surrounding rock shaft guide wall protection structure and construction method.

[0030] See also Figure 1 to Figure 9 A soft surrounding rock vertical shaft pilot shaft protection structure includes a shaft protection module 100, a concrete backfill module 300 and a support platform 400, wherein the shaft protection module 100 includes a plurality of axially connected pipe bodies 110, the outer diameter of the pipe body 110 is smaller than the inner diameter of the construction pilot shaft 200, and adjacent pipe bodies 110 are detachably connected. Exemplarily, the cross-sectional shape of the pipe body 110 is circular.

[0031] At the same time, the concrete backfill module 300 is filled between the well protection module 100 and the inner wall of the construction guide shaft 200. For example, the concrete backfill module 300 is formed by filling concrete between the well protection module 100 and the inner wall of the construction guide shaft 200 and then solidifying.

[0032] Furthermore, an underground flat hole 500 is connected to the lower end of the construction guide shaft 200, and the support platform 400 is installed in the underground flat hole 500, and the top of the support platform 400 is connected to the pipe body 110 located at the bottom. For example, the opening width of the underground flat hole 500 is greater than the inner diameter of the construction guide shaft 200, so as to facilitate the construction personnel to install the support platform 400 in the underground flat hole 500.

[0033] Such a configuration not only facilitates construction and installation and later disassembly, but also ensures that the well protection module 100 can adapt to vertical shaft guide shafts of different sizes during the construction process, thereby enhancing construction flexibility. In addition, the axial connection method of the well protection module 100 avoids the defects of excessive rigidity and difficulty in installation of traditional support structures. By forming a detachable connection between the pipe body 110 and the pipe body 110, the adaptability problem of the well wall support during the construction process can be effectively reduced, and the adjustability of the structure and the convenience of construction can be enhanced.

[0034] Secondly, the concrete backfill module 300 is filled between the well protection module 100 and the inner wall of the construction guide shaft 200 to form a thick and strong support layer, which can effectively resist the impact force caused by slag during construction. The backfill concrete not only has high compressive strength, but also can be properly filled and reinforced according to the construction progress and actual needs, thereby providing a stable support system for the guide shaft under weak surrounding rock conditions to prevent cracks or collapse of the shaft wall under the impact of slag. In addition, the design of concrete backfill allows the density and strength of the backfill material to be adjusted according to different geological conditions, providing optimized support effects for different construction environments.

[0035] Furthermore, the provision of the support platform 400 further enhances the stability of the wall protection structure. The support platform 400 is installed in the underground flat hole 500 and is connected to the lowest pipe body 110 to form a stable support system to prevent the guide shaft from being deflected or damaged due to continuous impact of slag during construction. The provision of the support platform 400 ensures the stability of the bottom of the guide shaft, while its top is connected to the pipe body 110 to form a multi-level support system, which can effectively disperse the impact force, reduce the pressure borne by a single support structure, and reduce the overall instability risk of the well wall due to local damage. In summary, through the provision of the well protection module 100, the concrete backfill module 300 and the support platform 400, the construction guide shaft 200 is less prone to damage, and the integrity of the construction guide shaft 200 after drilling is improved.

[0036] In some embodiments, reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 The pipe body 110 includes an axially connected pipe segment 111 and a socket segment 112, and the socket segment 112 is used for socket connection with the adjacent pipe segment 111. Exemplarily, along the axial direction of the pipe body 110, the diameter of the socket segment 112 gradually decreases from the side away from the pipe segment 111 to the side close to the pipe segment 111, and the minimum outer diameter of the socket segment 112 is the same as the outer diameter of the pipe segment 111.

[0037] In this way, the pipe body 110 adopts the design of axially connected pipe sections 111 and socket sections 112, so that adjacent pipe sections 111 can be stably connected through the socket sections 112, thereby improving the overall stability of the well wall structure. At the same time, the gradually decreasing diameter of the socket section 112 arranged along the axial direction of the pipe body 110 makes the connection process smoother, reduces the friction resistance during installation, and improves the tightness of the connection. In addition, the minimum outer diameter of the socket section 112 is the same as the outer diameter of the pipe section 111, which ensures the uniformity of the force at the connection part, avoids the generation of weak connection links under the action of impact force, and thus improves the resistance of the well wall to dynamic impact force during the construction process. The design of this socket structure not only simplifies the assembly and disassembly process between modules, but also ensures the structural strength of the connection part of the pipe body 110, avoids the problem of well wall damage caused by unstable connection during construction, and is particularly suitable for vertical shaft support in a weak surrounding rock environment, significantly improving the safety and durability of the guide shaft.

[0038] In some embodiments, Figure 1 , Figure 2As shown, the upper opening of the construction guide shaft 200 is connected to a well flat hole 600, and winches 610 are provided in the well flat hole 600 and on both sides of the construction guide shaft 200. The winches 610 are connected to the outer wall of the pipe section 111 through a steel wire rope; exemplarily, the outer wall of the pipe section 111 is symmetrically provided with lifting ears 113, and the lifting ears 113 are used to connect with the steel wire rope. Exemplarily, the symmetric center line of the lifting ears 113 is the central axis of the pipe section 111.

[0039] Furthermore, in order to improve the lifting effect of the winch 610, a steering wheel is provided on the inner top wall of the horizontal hole 600 in the well. After the wire rope extends from the winch 610, it goes around the steering wheel upward and then extends vertically downward to the construction guide shaft 200.

[0040] On this basis, by setting a well flat hole 600 at the upper opening of the construction guide shaft 200, and installing winches 610 on both sides of the construction guide shaft 200 in the well flat hole 600, the winches 610 are connected to the outer wall of the pipe section 111 through wire ropes, so as to achieve stable lifting and safe installation of the pipe body 110 module. In particular, the symmetrically arranged lifting ears 113 on the outer wall of the pipe section 111 provide a reliable fixing point for the wire rope connection, ensuring uniform force during the lifting process, and reducing the tilting or shaking of the pipe body 110 that may be caused by uneven force. This design significantly improves the accuracy and stability of the module connection during the construction process, making the installation process of the wall protection structure more stable, and reducing the construction difficulty and risk of shaft support under soft surrounding rock conditions. At the same time, through the cooperation of the winch 610 and the wire rope, the operator can flexibly control the lifting and positioning of the pipe section 111, simplifying the assembly and adjustment process of the pipe body 110 module, and avoiding the safety hazards caused by the inconvenient operation of the traditional installation method. The setting of this structure not only enhances the stability and durability of the guide shaft wall, but also provides a safer and more efficient support solution for shaft construction under complex geological conditions, ensuring the reliability of the shaft wall structure during the construction process.

[0041] In some embodiments, reference Figure 1 , Figure 3 A connecting plate 410 is provided on the top of the supporting platform 400, and a docking groove 411 is provided at the center of the connecting plate 410 for placing the pipe segment 111. Exemplarily, a hole 412 is coaxially and penetrated through the inner bottom wall of the docking groove 411, and the inner diameter of the hole 412 is smaller than the outer diameter of the pipe segment 111. The opening of the hole 412 facilitates the discharge of excess groundwater in the well.

[0042] For example, the support platform 400 adopts a steel truss structure, with a length and width greater than 5m, and a height distance of 1.2-1.5m from the bottom of the construction guide shaft 200. Further, the connecting plate 410 is a steel plate, and the hole 412 in the center of the steel plate is a circular hole formed by cutting.

[0043] In this way, by setting the connecting plate 410 and the docking groove 411 on the top of the support platform 400, the accurate positioning and stable support of the pipe section 111 are achieved, and the stability of the shaft support system is further improved. Specifically, the docking groove 411 set in the center of the connecting plate 410 provides a precise placement position for the pipe section 111, so that when the module is installed, the pipe section 111 can be docked stably and accurately, avoiding the risk of support failure caused by placement offset. In addition, the design of the hole 412 coaxially and through the bottom wall of the docking groove 411 fully considers the problem of possible water accumulation in the shaft, and its inner diameter is smaller than the outer diameter of the pipe section 111, thereby ensuring smooth discharge of water while the pipe section 111 remains stable. This drainage function not only reduces the impact of water accumulation at the bottom of the well on the stability of the pipe section 111 and the overall safety of the wall protection structure, but also effectively prevents the slippery environment caused by water accumulation, reducing the difficulty of operation and safety risks for construction personnel. Through the combined arrangement of the docking groove 411 and the hole body 412, the present invention improves the drainage efficiency while ensuring the strength of the wall protection structure, avoiding the common problems of poor drainage and water accumulation in traditional shaft support systems that affect the shaft wall support effect, thereby making the guide shaft support structure have higher reliability and construction safety under soft surrounding rock conditions.

[0044] In some embodiments, Figure 4 As shown, a manhole cover 700 is provided on the top of the well protection module 100, and the manhole cover 700 is suspended above the well protection module 100 through a top lifting system outside the construction guide shaft 200. Exemplarily, the manhole cover 700 is configured as a conical structure, and the manhole cover 700 has a first end and a second end that are separated from each other, the first end is a tip and is connected to the top lifting system through a wire rope, and the second end is attached to the upper end opening of the pipe section 111, and the cross-sectional diameter of the second end is greater than the outer diameter of the pipe section 111. It is worth noting that the top lifting system is not shown in the figure, but it should be understood that the top lifting system can be a hoist or other lifting equipment commonly used in construction.

[0045] In this way, by setting a conical manhole cover 700 on the top of the well protection module 100, the technical problem that the concrete filling is difficult to be introduced in a directional manner and is easy to enter the inside of the pipe body 110 in the traditional vertical shaft support construction, resulting in low construction efficiency and poor support effect, is effectively solved. Specifically, the manhole cover 700 is suspended above the well protection module 100 by the top lifting system, and its conical structure design enables the manhole cover 700 to have excellent guiding and shielding functions. The first end of the tip is connected to the lifting system through a wire rope, which is convenient for flexible adjustment of the position of the manhole cover 700 during the construction process, thereby ensuring that the concrete can be accurately introduced into the gap between the pipe body 110 and the inner wall of the construction guide well 200, while preventing the concrete from mistakenly entering the inside of the pipe body 110, and avoiding the hidden danger of blockage or increased bearing capacity of the pipe body 110 caused by the concrete entering the pipe body 110. The second end diameter of the conical manhole cover 700 is larger than the outer diameter of the pipe section 111, ensuring that it fits tightly with the upper end opening of the pipe section 111, effectively blocking the concrete from overflowing or sliding into the pipe body 110. In addition, the design of the conical structure can also guide the concrete to be evenly distributed in the backfill area, avoiding the difference in support effect caused by uneven local filling, thereby improving the overall construction quality. Through this design, the present invention significantly improves the accuracy and construction efficiency of the concrete backfill process, while reducing the risk of unstable support structure due to improper construction, and provides a safer and more reliable construction solution for shaft support under soft surrounding rock conditions.

[0046] In some embodiments, in combination Figure 4 , Figure 5 A concrete pumping system is provided in the well flat hole 600, and a chute 800 is connected to the pump outlet of the concrete pumping system, and the chute 800 extends vertically downward into the construction guide shaft 200, and the chute 800 is used to spray concrete between the well protection module 100 and the inner wall of the construction guide shaft 200 to form a concrete backfill module 300. It is worth noting that the concrete pumping system is not shown in the figure, but it should be understood that the concrete pumping system can be a conveniently movable device such as a pump machine and a pump truck commonly used in the field of construction.

[0047] Exemplarily, the position where the slide pipe 800 is lowered is close to the side wall of the construction guide shaft 200. However, the slide pipe 800 is not close to the inner wall of the construction guide shaft 200, but has a certain distance, so that the slide pipe 800 can avoid sliding damage to the inner wall of the construction guide shaft 200 during the lowering process.

[0048] On this basis, by setting up a concrete pumping system in the well flat hole 600, and accurately spraying concrete into the inner wall between the well protection module 100 and the construction guide shaft 200 through the chute 800, the technical problems such as uneven concrete backfill and low backfill efficiency in the vertical shaft construction under the weak surrounding rock environment are effectively solved. Specifically, the pump outlet of the concrete pumping system is connected to the chute 800, and the chute 800 extends vertically downward into the construction guide shaft 200, ensuring that the concrete can be directly and evenly sprayed into the gap between the well protection module 100 and the construction guide shaft 200, thereby effectively filling the backfill module. By lowering the chute 800 to a position close to the side wall of the construction guide shaft 200, it is ensured that the concrete can flow along the side wall of the construction guide shaft 200 and form a uniform backfill layer in a short time, avoiding the difference in support effect caused by uneven backfill. In addition, the vertical extension position and injection direction of the chute 800 design effectively control the flow direction and distribution of concrete backfill, avoiding waste or insufficient backfill caused by poor or uneven concrete flow. Through this design, the concrete backfill of the entire construction process is more efficient and accurate, which can ensure the stability of the shaft support, especially under complex geological conditions such as weak surrounding rock, improve the compressive strength and impact resistance of the support structure, and enhance the safety and reliability of construction.

[0049] In some embodiments, in combination Figure 4 , Figure 5 Along the extension direction of the slide pipe 800, multiple groups of connecting flanges 810 are provided on the outside of the slide pipe 800, and connecting holes are penetrated on the connecting flanges 810. Furthermore, a lifting device is also provided in the well flat hole 600, and a fixing rope 820 is connected to the lifting device. The fixing rope 820 is respectively provided in parallel on two opposite sides of the slide pipe 800, wherein rope clamps 830 are symmetrically provided on both sides of the slide pipe 800 near the bottom opening, and the fixing ropes 820 pass through the connecting holes on the multiple groups of connecting flanges 810 in sequence and are connected to the rope clamps 830.

[0050] It is worth noting that the lifting equipment is not shown in the figure, but it should be understood that the lifting equipment can be a crane, winch equipment, etc. commonly used in the field of construction.

[0051] In this way, by setting multiple groups of connecting flanges 810 outside the slide pipe 800, and combining the configuration of the lifting equipment and the fixed rope 820, the operational difficulty and safety risks in the process of accurate positioning, stable lifting and installation of the slide pipe 800 in the shaft construction are solved. Specifically, multiple connecting flanges 810 are set along the extension direction of the slide pipe 800, and each connecting flange 810 is provided with a connecting hole. These connecting flanges 810 can be connected to the fixed rope 820 system, providing additional support and positioning functions for the slide pipe 800, and effectively preventing the slide pipe 800 from deflecting or shaking during the concrete spraying process. The setting of the rope clamp 830 at the bottom of the slide pipe 800 ensures that the fixed ropes 820 on both sides of the slide pipe 800 can be evenly distributed under the action of stable tension, ensuring that the slide pipe 800 is in the correct position during the entire construction process, thereby improving the accuracy and efficiency of concrete spraying. The fixing ropes 820 pass through the connection holes on the connection flange 810 and are connected to the rope clamps 830, further enhancing the support force and stability of the slide pipe 800 during shaft construction and avoiding improper operation or construction accidents caused by the instability of the slide pipe 800 during concrete spraying.

[0052] In addition, a hoisting device is provided in the well flat tunnel 600, and with the use of the fixed rope 820, the slide pipe 800 can be accurately lifted and adjusted, which simplifies the control of the slide pipe 800 by the construction personnel during the installation process, reduces the difficulty of manual operation, and ensures the safety of construction. Through this design, the slide pipe 800 can be operated more stably and accurately during the concrete backfilling process, thereby improving the construction efficiency and quality and ensuring the reliability of the shaft guide support system.

[0053] In some embodiments, in combination Figure 6 , Figure 7 The bottom end of the chute 800 is connected to a soft nozzle 900, and a deflection component 910 and a limit component 920 are installed outside the soft nozzle 900. The deflection component 910 is arranged on the periphery of the soft nozzle 900, and is used to drive the soft nozzle 900 to bend toward the inner wall side close to the construction guide well 200, so that the pipe mouth end of the soft nozzle 900 sprays concrete toward the side away from the well protection module 100.

[0054] Exemplarily, the limit assembly 920 is disposed on the slide 800 and located at the periphery of the deflection assembly 910, and the limit assembly 920 has a switchable first state and a second state, wherein, when the limit assembly 920 is in the first state, the limit assembly 920 blocks the deflection assembly 910 on the periphery to limit the deflection of the soft nozzle 900 caused by the deflection assembly 910; when the limit assembly 920 is in the second state, the limit assembly 920 and the deflection assembly 910 are staggered in the axial direction of the slide 800, so that the deflection assembly 910 is no longer subject to the limiting force of the limit assembly 920.

[0055] On this basis, by setting a soft nozzle 900 at the bottom of the slide pipe 800 and combining the design of the deflection component 910 and the limit component 920, the problem of nozzle directional control during concrete spraying is solved, especially under complex geological conditions, the concrete spraying position and direction can be accurately controlled.

[0056] Specifically, the deflection assembly 910 installed on the outside of the soft nozzle 900 can drive the soft nozzle 900 to bend toward the inner wall of the construction guide shaft 200, so that the nozzle end of the soft nozzle 900 sprays concrete toward the side away from the well protection module 100. This design helps to achieve directional injection of concrete, effectively avoid uneven flow of concrete during backfilling, and ensure that the concrete can be evenly filled between the well protection module 100 and the inner wall of the construction guide shaft 200, thereby improving the backfilling effect.

[0057] In order to further control the deflection of the nozzle, the limit assembly 920 is arranged on the slide pipe 800 and is located on the periphery of the deflection assembly 910. The limit assembly 920 can effectively control the action of the deflection assembly 910 when switching to different states. When the limit assembly 920 is in the first state, the limit assembly 920 blocks the deflection assembly 910, limiting its deflection of the soft nozzle 900, thereby ensuring the directional control of the nozzle in a specific construction stage. On the contrary, when the limit assembly 920 is switched to the second state, the deflection assembly 910 can drive the soft nozzle 900 to deflect without restriction, thereby achieving the adjustment of the injection direction. Through this flexible switching control method, the present invention can flexibly adjust the injection angle and direction according to different construction requirements, effectively improve the accuracy and construction efficiency of concrete injection, and at the same time ensure the safety and stability during the construction process.

[0058] In some embodiments, Figure 8 , Fig. 9 As shown, the deflection assembly 910 includes abutment sheets 911 and a torsion spring 912. A plurality of abutment sheets 911 are sequentially connected along the length direction of the soft nozzle 900, and adjacent abutment sheets 911 are hingedly arranged, and the torsion spring 912 is arranged at the hinge between adjacent abutment sheets 911. Exemplarily, the edges of adjacent abutment sheets 911 that are close to each other are configured as inclined edges, and the inclined edges on two adjacent abutment sheets 911 are inclined and extend in a direction away from each other, so that a rotation gap in the shape of "V" is formed between the two adjacent abutment sheets 911, thereby facilitating the rotation between the two adjacent abutment sheets 911.

[0059] At the same time, a protrusion is provided at the corner of the abutting piece 911 near another adjacent abutting piece 911, which is directly opposite to the protrusion of another adjacent abutting piece 911, and both of the protrusions are provided with through holes, and a connecting rod is provided in the through holes. In order to prevent the connecting rod from detaching from the through holes, anti-detachment parts are provided at both ends of the connecting rod, and the outer diameter of the anti-detachment part is larger than the inner diameter of the through hole. The torsion spring 912 is sleeved on the connecting rod, and one end of the torsion spring 912 is connected to one of the protrusions, and the other end of the torsion spring 912 is connected to another adjacent protrusion, thereby realizing the relative rotation between the adjacent abutting pieces 911.

[0060] Exemplarily, the cross-sectional shape of the abutment piece 911 is semicircular, and the inner diameter of the abutment piece 911 is larger than the outer diameter of the soft nozzle 900, and the torsion spring 912 always has a tendency to rotate the adjacent abutment pieces 911 toward the notch side close to the abutment piece 911. Furthermore, the notch of the abutment piece 911 refers to an opening on one side of the abutment piece 911. This arrangement allows construction workers to have a certain reference object during installation, that is, the notch of the abutment piece 911 is placed directly against the inner wall of the construction guide shaft 200, so that the soft nozzle 900 can be bent in a directional manner under the action of the torsion spring 912, so that the nozzle of the soft nozzle 900 faces the inner wall of the construction guide shaft 200.

[0061] Furthermore, among the multiple abutment pieces 911, the three abutment pieces 911 located at the top, middle and bottom are all bonded to the outer wall of the soft nozzle 900, and the remaining abutment pieces 911 are in contact with the outer wall of the soft nozzle 900, and the torsion of the multiple torsion springs 912 gradually increases from top to bottom.

[0062] On this basis, the abutment pieces 911 in the deflection assembly 910 are connected in sequence along the length direction of the soft nozzle 900, and the adjacent abutment pieces 911 are hingedly arranged to form an adjustable flexible structure. The cross-section of each abutment piece 911 is semicircular, and its inner diameter is larger than the outer diameter of the soft nozzle 900, so that the abutment piece 911 can form effective support and contact on the outer wall of the soft nozzle 900. The torsion spring 912 is located at the hinge of the adjacent abutment piece 911, and always has the tendency to rotate the abutment piece 911 to the notch side, thereby ensuring that the soft nozzle 900 can always maintain a certain degree of curvature during the construction process, so that its injection end is always facing the desired direction. The torsion of multiple torsion springs 912 gradually increases from top to bottom, so that the deflection degree and stability of the nozzle show different changes in different positions, ensuring that the nozzle can achieve precise directional adjustment at different construction stages. In particular, the uppermost, middle and lowermost abutment pieces 911 are bonded to the outer wall of the soft nozzle 900, while the remaining abutment pieces 911 are fitted to the outer wall of the soft nozzle 900, further enhancing the stability and deflection control accuracy of the soft nozzle 900. Through this design, the adjustment of the injection direction and angle becomes more flexible and controllable, thereby effectively improving the accuracy and construction efficiency of concrete injection, while reducing the construction safety risk caused by nozzle instability in a soft surrounding rock environment.

[0063] In some embodiments, reference Figure 7 , Figure 8 The limiting assembly 920 includes an electric cylinder 921 and a limiting sleeve 922. The electric cylinder 921 is arranged on the outer wall of the slide tube 800, and the piston rod of the electric cylinder 921 extends vertically downward. The limiting sleeve 922 is axially connected to the piston rod of the electric cylinder 921, and the inner diameter of the limiting sleeve 922 is larger than the outer diameter of the slide tube 800. When the limiting assembly 920 is in the first state, the limiting sleeve 922 moves to the outer periphery of the slide tube 800 under the driving action of the piston rod of the electric cylinder 921 after extension; when the limiting assembly 920 is in the second state, the limiting sleeve 922 avoids the outer periphery of the slide tube 800 under the driving action of the piston rod of the electric cylinder 921 after shortening.

[0064] Exemplarily, the end of the piston rod of the electric cylinder 921 is connected to the center of the outer wall of the limiting sleeve 922, and a gap is left between the piston rod of the electric cylinder 921 and the outer wall of the slide tube 800 for the limiting sleeve 922 to slide vertically.

[0065] On this basis, the limiting assembly 920 is composed of an electric cylinder 921 and a limiting sleeve 922, wherein the electric cylinder 921 is installed on the outer wall of the slide pipe 800, and the piston rod of the electric cylinder 921 extends vertically downward and is connected to the limiting sleeve 922. The inner diameter of the limiting sleeve 922 is larger than the outer diameter of the slide pipe 800, and can move axially along the direction of the piston rod under the drive of the electric cylinder 921, thereby accurately limiting or releasing the deflection assembly 910 of the soft nozzle 900. When the limiting assembly 920 is in the first state, the piston rod of the electric cylinder 921 extends, driving the limiting sleeve 922 to move toward the periphery of the soft nozzle 900, thereby effectively shielding the deflection assembly 910, limiting its driving of the soft nozzle 900 to deflect, ensuring that the soft nozzle 900 maintains a fixed direction during the concrete spraying process, and preventing excessive deflection from affecting the spraying effect. When the limit assembly 920 switches to the second state, the piston rod of the electric cylinder 921 is shortened, and the limit sleeve 922 avoids the outer periphery of the slide pipe 800, so that the deflection assembly 910 can drive the soft nozzle 900 to adjust without restriction, allowing the soft nozzle 900 to be bent to the specified position for spraying as needed. Through this design, construction personnel can flexibly adjust the working state of the deflection assembly 910 according to construction needs, thereby accurately controlling the spraying direction of the soft nozzle 900, ensuring the accuracy and uniformity of the concrete backfill process, improving construction efficiency, reducing unnecessary material waste, and ensuring construction safety. Especially under complex surrounding rock conditions, it can effectively avoid construction risks caused by improper spraying direction.

[0066] Please refer to Figure 1 to Figure 9 The present application also discloses a construction method for a soft surrounding rock vertical shaft pilot shaft, which is implemented based on the soft surrounding rock vertical shaft pilot shaft wall protection structure in the above embodiment, and is characterized by comprising the following steps: A construction pilot well 200 is formed by using a raise boring machine, and then a support platform 400 is installed in the underground flat hole 500; The pipe body 110 is transported to the upper well flat hole 600, and the pipe body 110 is symmetrically hoisted along the construction guide well 200 by the winch 610 and lowered to the bottom support platform 400, and the position of the pipe body 110 is adjusted so that the pipe body 110 is placed in the docking groove 411, and then the pipe body 110 is welded to the docking plate; Subsequently, the single-section pipe body 110 is lowered in sequence, and adjacent pipe sections 111 are connected by sockets and spigots. The installation is stopped after the installation is completed for a length of 20 to 30 m. The well protection module 100 is erected on the support platform 400, and a slide pipe 800 is extended from the well flat hole 600 to the construction guide well 200, and concrete is poured into the gap between the construction guide well 200 and the well protection module 100 through the slide pipe 800 to form a concrete backfill module 300; After the fixed well protection module 100 is poured, the strength of the concrete backfill module 300 meets the requirements, and then the subsequent upper well section pipe body 110 installation and backfill concrete construction are started, and the installation and pouring are carried out in sections until the upper wellhead of the construction pilot well 200 is completed; After all the pipe bodies 110 are installed and the concrete is backfilled, the support platform 400 at the bottom is removed, and then the winch 610 in the well flat hole 600 is removed.

[0067] The above description is only a specific implementation mode of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A soft surrounding rock shaft guide wall protection structure, characterized in that: include: A well protection module (100) comprises a plurality of axially connected pipe bodies (110), wherein the outer diameter of the pipe bodies (110) is smaller than the inner diameter of the construction guide well (200), and adjacent pipe bodies (110) are detachably connected; A concrete backfill module (300) is filled between the well protection module (100) and the inner wall of the construction guide well (200); A support platform (400) is provided at the lower end of the construction guide shaft (200) in communication with an underground flat hole (500), the support platform (400) is installed in the underground flat hole (500), and the top end of the support platform (400) is connected to the pipe body (110) located at the bottom.

2. A soft surrounding rock shaft guide wall protection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pipe body (110) comprises an axially connected pipe section (111) and a socket section (112), wherein the socket section (112) is used for socket connection with an adjacent pipe section (111); Along the axial direction of the pipe body (110), the diameter of the socket section (112) gradually decreases from the side away from the pipe joint (111) to the side close to the pipe joint (111), and the minimum outer diameter of the socket section (112) is the same as the outer diameter of the pipe joint (111).

3. A soft surrounding rock shaft guide wall protection structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The upper opening of the construction guide shaft (200) is connected to a well flat tunnel (600), and winches (610) are provided in the well flat tunnel (600) and on both sides of the construction guide shaft (200), and the winches (610) are connected to the outer side wall of the pipe section (111) via a steel wire rope; Lifting ears (113) are symmetrically arranged on the outer side wall of the pipe section (111), and the lifting ears (113) are used to be connected to the steel wire rope.

4. A soft surrounding rock vertical shaft guide wall protection structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: A connecting plate (410) is provided on the top of the supporting platform (400), and a docking groove (411) for placing the pipe joint (111) is provided at the center of the connecting plate (410); The inner bottom wall of the docking groove (411) is coaxially provided with a hole body (412) penetrating therethrough, and the inner diameter of the hole body (412) is smaller than the outer diameter of the pipe section (111).

5. The soft surrounding rock vertical shaft guide wall protection structure according to claim 2 is characterized in that: A manhole cover (700) is provided on the top of the well protection module (100), and the manhole cover (700) is suspended above the well protection module (100) through a top lifting system outside the construction guide well (200); The manhole cover (700) is configured as a conical structure, and has a first end and a second end that are separated from each other, the first end is a pointed end and is connected to the top lifting system via a wire rope, and the second end is fitted at the upper end opening of the pipe section (111), and the cross-sectional diameter of the second end is greater than the outer diameter of the pipe section (111).

6. A soft surrounding rock shaft guide wall protection structure according to any one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that: A concrete pumping system is provided in the well top adit (600); a pump outlet of the concrete pumping system is connected to a chute (800); the chute (800) extends vertically downward into the construction guide well (200); and the chute (800) is used to spray concrete between the well protection module (100) and the inner wall of the construction guide well (200) to form the concrete backfill module (300); The position where the slide pipe (800) is lowered is close to the side wall of the construction guide shaft (200).

7. A soft surrounding rock shaft guide wall protection structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: Along the extension direction of the slide pipe (800), a plurality of connection flanges (810) are provided outside the slide pipe (800), and connection holes are penetrated through the connection flanges (810); A lifting device is also provided in the well top flat hole (600), and a fixing rope (820) is connected to the lifting device. One fixing rope (820) is provided in parallel on two opposite sides of the slide pipe (800), wherein: Rope clamps (830) are symmetrically provided on both sides of the slide pipe (800) close to the bottom opening, and the fixing rope (820) passes through the connection holes on the multiple groups of connection flanges (810) in sequence and is connected to the rope clamps (830).

8. The soft surrounding rock vertical shaft guide wall protection structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The bottom end of the slide pipe (800) is connected to a soft nozzle (900), and a deflection component (910) and a limit component (920) are installed outside the soft nozzle (900). The deflection component (910) is arranged on the periphery of the soft nozzle (900) and is used to drive the soft nozzle (900) to bend toward the inner wall side close to the construction guide shaft (200), so that the nozzle end of the soft nozzle (900) sprays concrete toward the side away from the well protection module (100); The position-limiting component (920) is arranged on the slide pipe (800) and is located on the outer periphery of the deflecting component (910), and the position-limiting component (920) has a switchable first state and a second state, wherein: When the limiting component (920) is in the first state, the limiting component (920) shields the deflection component (910) on the periphery to limit the deflection of the soft nozzle (900) driven by the deflection component (910); When the limiting assembly (920) is in the second state, the limiting assembly (920) and the deflection assembly (910) are staggered in the axial direction of the slide pipe (800), so that the deflection assembly (910) is no longer subject to the limiting force of the limiting assembly (920).

9. A soft surrounding rock vertical shaft guide wall protection structure according to claim 8, characterized in that: The deflection assembly (910) comprises a contact piece (911) and a torsion spring (912); a plurality of contact pieces (911) are sequentially connected along the length direction of the soft nozzle (900), and adjacent contact pieces (911) are hingedly arranged; and the torsion spring (912) is arranged at the hinge between adjacent contact pieces (911); The cross-sectional shape of the abutment piece (911) is semicircular, and the inner diameter of the abutment piece (911) is larger than the outer diameter of the soft nozzle (900), and the torsion spring (912) always has a tendency to rotate adjacent abutment pieces (911) toward the notch side close to the abutment piece (911); Among the plurality of abutment sheets (911), the three abutment sheets (911) located at the top, the middle and the bottom are all bonded to the outer wall of the soft nozzle (900), and the remaining abutment sheets (911) are in contact with the outer wall of the soft nozzle (900), and the torsion of the plurality of torsion springs (912) gradually increases from top to bottom; The limiting assembly (920) comprises an electric cylinder (921) and a limiting sleeve (922), wherein the electric cylinder (921) is arranged on the outer wall of the slide tube (800), and the piston rod of the electric cylinder (921) extends vertically downward, and the limiting sleeve (922) is axially connected to the piston rod of the electric cylinder (921), and the inner diameter of the limiting sleeve (922) is greater than the outer diameter of the slide tube (800), wherein: When the limiting assembly (920) is in the first state, the limiting sleeve (922) moves to the outer periphery of the slide pipe (800) under the driving action of the piston rod of the electric cylinder (921) after extension; When the limiting assembly (920) is in the second state, the limiting sleeve (922) avoids the outer periphery of the slide pipe (800) under the driving effect of the shortened piston rod of the electric cylinder (921).

10. A construction method for a soft surrounding rock vertical shaft pilot shaft, based on the soft surrounding rock vertical shaft pilot shaft wall protection structure according to any one of claims 3 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: A construction pilot well (200) is formed by using a raise boring machine, and then a support platform (400) is installed in the underground flat hole (500); The pipe body (110) is transported to the upper well flat hole (600), and the pipe body (110) is symmetrically hoisted along the construction guide well (200) by a winch (610) and lowered to the supporting platform (400) at the bottom, and the position of the pipe body (110) is adjusted so that the pipe body (110) is placed in the docking groove (411), and then the pipe body (110) is welded to the docking plate; Subsequently, the single-section pipe body (110) is lowered in sequence, and adjacent pipe sections (111) are connected by sockets and spigots. The installation is stopped after a length of 20 to 30 m is completed. The well protection module (100) is erected on the support platform (400), and a chute (800) is extended from the well top flat hole (600) to the construction guide well (200), and concrete is poured into the gap between the construction guide well (200) and the well protection module (100) through the chute (800), thereby forming a concrete backfill module (300); After the fixed well protection module (100) is poured, the concrete backfill module (300) is started to install the pipe body (110) and backfill concrete of the subsequent upper well section after the strength meets the requirements, and the installation and pouring are carried out in sections until the upper wellhead of the construction pilot well (200) is completed; After all the pipe bodies (110) are installed and the concrete is backfilled, the support platform (400) at the bottom is removed, and then the winch (610) in the well flat hole (600) is removed.

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