Solar high-temperature heat utilization system for grain depot

Abstract

The invention relates to a solar high-temperature heat utilization system for a grain depot, which adopts a solar air heater, heat storage of a heat-conducting oil system, absorption refrigeration and an improved transverse ventilation technology to realize efficient utilization of solar heat in drying and low-temperature storage of grains in the grain depot. The solar energy grain depot is convenient to install, maintain and maintain, is safe and efficient, and is expected to have remarkable social, economic and ecological benefits.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of solar energy thermal utilization, and in particular to a grain depot solar energy high temperature thermal utilization system adopting solar energy hot air device and thermal oil high temperature heat storage technology. Background Art

[0002] The drying, ventilation and low-temperature storage of grain in the grain storage process consume a lot of electricity and heat energy, so energy conservation deserves attention. The storage conditions of the storage unit should support the government's temperature-controlled storage of reserves, and have the ability to achieve low-temperature or quasi-low-temperature storage effects, and technically be able to achieve safe storage for another year on the basis of the normal storage period.

[0003] The span of a flat warehouse is generally 18 meters, 21 meters, 24 meters, 27 meters, 30 meters, 33 meters, and 36 meters, and the length is generally 40 meters to 100 meters. The height of the flat warehouse is generally 7 to 8 meters, and the storage capacity of a flat warehouse is preferably 1,000 tons to 8,000 tons. The roof area of ​​the flat warehouse is considerable, which is suitable for the layout of solar thermal utilization or photovoltaic power generation equipment.

[0004] As a grain storage warehouse, the large flat warehouse has a large single warehouse capacity, high grain piles, and a long grain storage period. The transfer of temperature, humidity, and moisture and condensation on the grain piles are the biggest hidden dangers to safe grain storage. In this context, the "four-in-one" grain storage technology based on shared air ducts came into being. While using a complete set of horizontal ventilation systems to achieve temperature and humidity monitoring, ventilation and cooling, fumigation and pest control, cooling and temperature control, etc., it also adds multi-parameter detection of grain pile humidity, gas, and nitrogen filling and gas conditioning, inert powder aerosol physical pest control and other process functions. It has been successfully transformed and implemented and achieved good economic, social and ecological benefits. However, the existing horizontal ventilation system technology still has great room for optimization.

[0005] Solar thermal utilization applications include solar water heating, solar heating, solar cooling, solar industrial and agricultural applications, photovoltaic / thermal integration (PV / T) applications, etc.

[0006] Solar water heating systems mainly use solar collectors to produce hot water, and the hot water produced is basically below 100°C. If the hot water temperature is 150-200°C, the water in this temperature range must maintain a pressure of 0.5-1.6MPa to either boil or vaporize, and requires matching containers and pipeline valves with higher pressures. Steam may also flash out during use, which is not convenient for actual use. The hot water produced by the solar water heating system cannot be used in a timely and complete manner, which is prone to waste. In addition, the scaling and leakage problems of the solar water heating system are inherent problems.

[0007] Photovoltaic system: The efficiency of photovoltaic power generation is relatively low, because photovoltaic panels mainly absorb visible light and infrared rays in solar radiation, and have a relatively weak absorption capacity for ultraviolet and blue light. In actual applications, the conversion efficiency of crystalline silicon photovoltaic cells is only 13% to 26%. Photovoltaic power generation technology requires silicon crystal materials, and the main raw material of crystalline silicon cells is pure silicon. Its production and purification process requires multiple chemical and physical processes, which not only consumes a lot of energy, but also causes certain pollution to the environment. Moreover, photovoltaic power is an unstable power source with limited access to the Internet, and must be equipped with energy storage devices.

[0008] It is worthy of in-depth study how to store the heat obtained from the photothermal conversion process in a low-cost, simple and easy-to-use way, eliminate the scaling problem of the existing solar water heating system, combine it with the absorption chiller refrigeration technology, and use it for grain drying, ventilation and low-temperature storage, and on this basis improve the existing horizontal ventilation system. Summary of the invention

[0009] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems existing in the application of existing solar water heating systems and photovoltaic systems in grain depots, and to use solar heat heaters and thermal oil heat storage technology to collect, store and supply heat from solar energy, give full play to the characteristics of thermal oil as a "low pressure and high temperature" and high-quality heat storage and heat supply medium, realize the continuous application of solar heat in the grain drying process, use the heat-storing thermal oil to drive the absorption refrigeration mechanism for cooling, ventilate and store grain at low temperature, and finally realize the long-term and efficient thermal utilization of solar energy in grain drying, ventilation and low-temperature storage in grain depots.

[0010] A grain depot solar high temperature heat utilization system, comprising: Solar thermal air generator 7, recovers heat from solar energy, Drying chamber 6 uses hot gas to dry the grain in the drying chamber 6. The thermal oil tank 1 is used as a heat storage device for heat storage. The thermal oil pump 17 is used to pressurize and transport the thermal oil. The gas coming out of the drying chamber 6 returns to the solar heat generator 7 through the circulation fan 4 and the return air pipeline 5, absorbs solar heat through the heat collecting pipe in the solar heat generator 7, and is then transported to the drying chamber 6; or the gas coming out of the drying chamber 6 returns to the solar heat generator 7 through the return air pipeline 5, absorbs solar heat through the heat collecting pipe in the solar heat generator 7, and is then transported to the drying chamber 6 through the ventilator 13, thereby forming a solar heat recovery and heat release circulation loop for the gas. The heat transfer oil in the heat transfer oil tank 1 is pressurized by the heat transfer oil pump 17 and sent to the heat storage heat exchanger 14 to exchange heat with the hot air sent by the solar hot air device 7. The temperature of the heat transfer oil is increased and returned to the heat transfer oil tank 1 through the heat storage heat transfer oil return pipeline 34, thereby forming a heat storage circulation loop of the heat transfer oil in the heat transfer oil tank 1. The gas coming out of the heat storage heat exchanger 14 returns to the solar heat heater 7 through the circulation fan 4 and the return air pipeline 5, absorbs solar heat through the heat collecting pipes in the solar heat heater 7, and is then transported to the heat storage heat exchanger 14; or the gas coming out of the heat storage heat exchanger 14 returns to the solar heat heater 7 through the return air pipeline 5, absorbs solar heat through the heat collecting pipes in the solar heat heater 7, and is then transported to the heat storage heat exchanger 14 through the ventilator 13, thereby forming another solar heat recovery and heat release circulation loop of the gas.

[0011] At night or on cloudy days, the solar energy recovered by the solar hot air device 7 is not enough to supply the drying chamber 6. The heat transfer oil in the heat transfer oil tank 1 is pressurized by the heat transfer oil pump 17 and sent to the heat storage heat exchanger 14 to exchange heat with the gas sent by the solar hot air device 7. The heat transfer oil with reduced temperature returns to the heat transfer oil tank 1. The gas sent into the solar hot air heater 7 is heated by the heat storage heat exchanger 14 and then sent to the drying chamber 6 to dry the grain. The gas coming out of the drying chamber 6 returns to the solar hot air heater 7 through the circulating fan 4 and the return air pipeline 5, passes through the heat collecting pipe in the solar hot air heater 7, and is then transported to the heat storage heat exchanger 14. Alternatively, the gas sent into the solar hot air heater 7 is heated by the heat storage heat exchanger 14 and then sent to the drying chamber 6 to dry the grain. The gas coming out of the drying chamber 6 returns to the solar hot air heater 7 through the return air pipeline 5, passes through the heat collecting pipe in the solar hot air heater 7, and is then transported to the heat storage heat exchanger 14 through the ventilator 13, thereby forming a heat release circulation loop of the heat storage oil in the heat transfer oil tank 1 and a heat absorption and heat supply circulation loop of the gas.

[0012] The drying chamber 6 can be of various types, and can be a separately arranged drying tower, or the grain can be pre-dehumidified in the drying tower and then transferred to the flat warehouse, and then the wet grain in the flat warehouse can be dried by hot air.

[0013] Dehumidifier 11 is provided: The humid gas coming out of the drying chamber 6 is partially dehumidified by the dehumidifier 11 and then sent to the solar hot air generator 7 to facilitate the removal of moisture in the grain. The dehumidifier 11 uses liquid dehumidification, rotary dehumidification, membrane dehumidification or coupled dehumidification technology to adjust the humidity of the dry gas in the drying chamber 6 to an appropriate range.

[0014] An absorption refrigerator is provided, which is used to absorb the heat of the heat transfer oil and realize the refrigeration cycle process of the refrigerant, including: Generator 23, condenser 24, evaporator 25, absorber 21 and solution pump 22, The heat transfer oil in the heat transfer oil tank 1 enters the heat transfer oil pump 17 for pressure increase, and the pressure-increased heat transfer oil is delivered to the generator 23 of the absorption refrigerator to heat the concentrated solution of the refrigerant in the generator 23, and then returns to the heat transfer oil tank 1 through the return heat transfer oil pipeline 33, thereby forming a heat supply circulation loop for the heat transfer oil stored in the heat transfer oil tank 1. The high-temperature gaseous refrigerant 31 generated by the heat transfer oil heating the concentrated solution of the refrigerant in the generator 23 enters the evaporator 25 through the condenser 24 and the throttle valve F10, absorbs the heat of the cooling medium sent by the cold unit 27, and the low-temperature gaseous refrigerant 32 generated by evaporation in the evaporator 25 returns to the absorber 21, contacts with the dilute solution of the refrigerant formed in the generator 23 sent from the dilute solution regulating valve F9, and forms a concentrated solution of the refrigerant. The concentrated solution of the refrigerant in the absorber 21 is then returned to the generator 23 through the solution pump 22, thereby forming a refrigerant circulation loop of the absorption refrigerator. The cooling medium coming out of the cooling unit 27 is pressurized by the cooling medium booster 28 and then sent to the evaporator 25 to absorb the cold released by the evaporation of the liquid refrigerant in the evaporator 25. The cooling medium with the absorbed cold and lowered temperature returns to the cooling unit 27 for cooling. Alternatively, the cooling medium coming out of the cooling unit 27 enters the evaporator 25 to absorb the cold released by the evaporation of the liquid refrigerant in the evaporator 25. The cooling medium with the absorbed cold and lowered temperature returns to the cooling unit 27 for cooling, thereby forming a cooling medium circulation loop in which the cooling medium is charged with cold and then supplies cold to the cooling unit 27.

[0015] The refrigeration unit 27 has various usage types and refers to refrigeration places in the grain warehouse, such as refrigeration and air-conditioning units in the grain warehouse office, freezing and dehumidification units in the grain drying system, or low-temperature ventilated grain storage in a bungalow to prevent the grain from rising in temperature and becoming moldy due to breathing.

[0016] The cooling medium of the condenser 24 and the absorber 21 is air, water, sodium chloride in water liquid or ethylene glycol in water liquid, for example, Figure 1 As shown, the cooling medium sent by the cooling medium booster 39 through the condenser 24 cools the high-temperature gaseous refrigerant 31, absorbs the heat of the high-temperature gaseous refrigerant 31, and the formed high-temperature cooling medium is discharged. The high-temperature gaseous refrigerant 31 condenses to form a liquid refrigerant and is sent to the evaporator 25. In the absorber 21, the refrigerant from the dilute solution regulating valve F9 absorbs the low-temperature gaseous refrigerant 32 into the dilute solution to form a refrigerant-concentrated solution, and the released heat is removed by the cooling medium sent by the cooling medium booster 39, and the formed high-temperature cooling medium is discharged; When the cooling medium is air, the cooling medium booster 39 is a fan, and an open cycle is adopted. The air is sent to the condenser 24 and the absorber 21 through the cooling medium booster 39, and the heat released when the high-temperature gaseous refrigerant 31 of the condenser 24 is condensed is absorbed, and the heat released when the refrigerant of the absorber 21 absorbs the dilute solution to form the low-temperature gaseous refrigerant 32 to form the refrigerant to form the concentrated solution is formed, and the high-temperature absorber outlet cooling medium 41 and the condenser outlet cooling medium 42 are discharged; When the cooling medium is liquid, the cooling medium booster 39 is a liquid circulation pump. The cooling medium is sent to the condenser 24 and the absorber 21 through the cooling medium booster 39 to absorb the heat released when the high-temperature gaseous refrigerant 31 of the condenser 24 is condensed, and the heat released when the refrigerant of the absorber 21 absorbs the dilute solution to form the low-temperature gaseous refrigerant 32 to form the refrigerant to the concentrated solution. The high-temperature absorber outlet cooling medium 41 and condenser outlet cooling medium 42 are formed, enter the cooling tower 43 for cooling, and then return to the cooling medium booster 39, thereby forming a cooling medium circulation loop.

[0017] The absorption refrigerator selects a corresponding absorption refrigerator refrigerant pair, including but not limited to ammonia-water, ammonia-sodium thiocyanate solution, the refrigerant pair provided by CN202210567342.6 (dimethyl ether-ionic liquid refrigerant), the refrigerant pair provided by CN202211615323.2 (R134a-DMETG solution), or the refrigerant pair provided by CN202310535508.0 (ammonia-ionic liquid refrigerant).

[0018] A heat exchanger 18 is provided: The heat transfer oil in the heat transfer oil tank 1 enters the heat transfer oil pump 17 to increase the pressure, and the pressurized heat transfer oil is transported to the heat exchanger 18 to heat the heated working medium 19 into the heat supply medium 20, and the heat transfer oil coming out of the heat exchanger 18 returns to the heat transfer oil tank 1, thereby forming a heat supply circulation loop of the heat transfer oil in the heat transfer oil tank 1. For example, the heat exchanger 18 is used as an organic working medium evaporator of the organic Rankine cycle unit. At this time, the heat transfer oil passing through the heat exchanger 18 is the heat source of the organic working medium evaporator, which is used to heat and vaporize the liquid organic working medium transported by the organic working medium circulation pump to generate high-temperature gaseous organic working medium, enter the organic working medium gas turbine to drive the organic working medium generator to generate electricity, and the low-temperature and low-pressure organic working medium vapor coming out of the organic working medium gas turbine enters the organic working medium condenser to be liquefied, and then returns to the organic working medium circulation pump, thereby forming an organic working medium Rankine cycle loop.

[0019] The heat collecting pipe of the solar thermal air heater 7 includes but is not limited to a through heat collecting pipe 10, a heat pipe 72 or a single-pass heat collecting pipe.

[0020] When the solar thermal air heater 7 uses a through heat collecting pipe 10, the through heat collecting pipe 10 can be connected in series, in parallel or in series and in parallel: For example, Figure 1 As shown, a plurality of through heat collecting tubes 10 are used in parallel, and two groups of solar hot air heaters 7 (double header hot air heaters) are used in series. The solar hot air heater 7 comprises a left header 8, a right header 9, and a through heat collecting tube 10. A plurality of through heat collecting tubes 10 connected in parallel are arranged between the left header 8 and the right header 9. The through heat collecting tubes 10 absorb the heat of solar energy and heat the gas entering the right header 9. The generated high-temperature gas is drawn out from the left header 8, transported to the drying chamber 11 for drying the Panax notoginseng, and then returned to the right header 9, thereby forming a closed-loop gas circulation loop of the through heat collecting tube type solar hot air heater 7; the outlet hot air of one group of solar hot air heaters 7 is used in series as the inlet gas of another group of solar hot air heaters; For example, Figure 1 As shown, multiple through-collecting tubes 10 are used in series and two groups of solar thermal air heaters 7 (trough-type thermal air heaters) are used in series. The solar thermal air heater 7 includes a trough-type collector 37, a concentrating plate 38 and a through-collecting tube 10. Gas enters the multiple through-collecting tubes 10 connected in series. The through-collecting tubes 10 absorb the heat of the solar energy and heat the incoming gas. The generated high-temperature gas is drawn out and used in series as the incoming gas of another group of solar thermal air heaters.

[0021] Preferably, the through-tube heat collecting tube 10 adopts a vacuum collector, the inner layer of the heat collecting tube is a stainless steel tube, the outer layer is a glass tube plus metal bellows at both ends, and the outer surface of the inner tube is coated with a selective absorption coating to achieve maximum absorption rate of direct solar radiation and minimum infrared wave re-radiation.

[0022] When the solar heat air device 7 adopts a heat pipe type heat collecting tube, as shown in the attached Figure 2 As shown, the outer surface of the heat pipe 72 in the vacuum glass tube 71 is coated with a selective absorption coating, which is the evaporation part of the heat pipe 72. The part of the heat pipe 72 extending into the manifold 74 is the condensation part of the heat pipe 72, which absorbs the heat of the solar energy and is used to heat the gas 75 entering the manifold.

[0023] When the solar heat air device 7 adopts a single-pass heat collecting tube, as shown in the attached Figure 3 As shown, the single-pass heat collecting tube adopts a vacuum glass tube type, the inner tube 81 of the single-pass heat collecting tube, the air intake main pipe 80 and the air intake branch pipe 81 are preferably made of stainless steel, and the outer surface of the inner tube 78 of the single-pass heat collecting tube is coated with a selective absorption coating. The air intake 75 of the solar heat heater 7 enters the air intake main pipe 80, enters the bottom of the inner tube 81 of the single-pass heat collecting tube through the air intake branch pipe 81, and flows into the inner tube 81 of the single-pass heat collecting tube to absorb the heat of the solar energy. The generated hot gas enters the header 74 to form the hot air outlet 76 of the solar heat heater 7.

[0024] A supplementary heat device 46 is provided: the supplementary heat device 46 is arranged between the solar hot air device 7 and the heat storage heat exchanger 14, and adopts electric heating, compressed air heat, fuel combustion heat, etc. to supplement the heat required by the drying chamber 6 and the heat transfer oil tank 1. For example, the supplementary heat medium 47 adopts the hot air 47 formed by the combustion of natural gas, which enters the supplementary heat device 46 to heat the air sent by the solar hot air device 7, and the low-temperature flue gas formed is discharged by discharging the supplementary heat medium 48.

[0025] The circulating fan 4 is provided with an adjusting damper 3 for adjusting the air supply volume of the circulating fan 4 .

[0026] The ventilator 13 is provided with a hot air regulating damper 12 for adjusting the air supply volume of the ventilator 13 .

[0027] The circulating fan 4 and the ventilator 13 are substantially the same, and the names are only used to distinguish them.

[0028] The circulating fan 4 or the ventilator 13 is a centrifugal, axial flow, screw or vortex fan.

[0029] The solar heat generator 7 is provided with necessary support rods or support frames to securely, stably and effectively fix the solar heat generator to avoid tipping accidents caused by strong winds.

[0030] The inlet pipeline of the thermal oil pump 17 is provided with a filter for filtering solid impurity particles in the thermal oil in the inlet pipeline.

[0031] The heat transfer oil tank 1 in the heat transfer oil system plays the role of oil and gas separation, buffering, heat storage and storage, and insulation measures need to be taken.

[0032] The heat transfer oil system is provided with necessary exhaust valves and safety valves.

[0033] The thermal oil tank 1 adopts a horizontal or vertical structure, preferably a vertical structure, which facilitates the compact arrangement of the system.

[0034] The valve names in this application are only used for distinction, and some of the actual functions are the same.

[0035] The circulating fan 4 or the ventilator 13 adopts a variable frequency speed regulation operation mode, and flexibly adjusts the air supply volume and air supply pressure when the sunshine and heating conditions change.

[0036] The absorption refrigerator of this system can adopt measures such as cooling back, quality return and distillation.

[0037] Based on "CN200910085093.1- Grain Silo Transverse Ventilation Method and System", this application proposes an improved solution for the transverse ventilation system in combination with the above technical solution, as shown in the attached Figure 4 , Attachment Figure 5 shown.

[0038] As attached Figure 4 , using the method of air intake through the gables on both sides and air outlet in the middle of the grain pile: The bulk grain pile 90 is covered with a closed film 87, an air outlet pipe 88 is arranged in the middle of the granary 90, and an air inlet main pipe 85 and an air inlet branch pipe 86 are arranged on the gables 84 on both sides of the granary 90. The air outlet pipe wall 93 of the air outlet pipe 88 is opened for introducing circulating gas. The air outlet pipe 88 adopts a structure that is easy to disassemble and move, which is convenient for the grain machinery in the granary 90 to enter and exit. When the cold medium of the cold unit 27 is liquid, the cold amount of the cold medium in the cold unit 27 is transferred to the circulating gas 94, and the circulating gas is sent to the bulk grain pile 89 through the air inlet main pipe 85 and the air inlet branch pipe 86, and then returns to the cold unit 27 through the air outlet pipe 88 and the circulating gas pipeline 94. The No. 1 circulating fan 91 and the No. 2 circulating fan 92 provide gas circulation power, thereby realizing low-temperature ventilation grain storage. When the cold medium of the cold unit 27 is gas, it is the circulating gas of low-temperature ventilation grain storage. The hot air delivered by the solar heat heater 7 is sent into the bulk grain pile 89 through the air intake main pipe 85 and the air intake branch pipe 86, and then returns to the solar heat heater 7 through the air outlet pipe 88 and the circulating gas pipeline 94. The No. 1 circulating fan 91 and the No. 2 circulating fan 92 provide gas circulation power, thereby realizing the hot air drying process of the bulk grain pile 89 in the granary 90.

[0039] As attached Figure 5 , using the method of air outlet on both sides of the gable and air intake in the middle of the grain pile: The bulk grain pile 90 is covered with a closed film 87, an air inlet pipe 881 is arranged in the middle of the granary 90, and an air outlet main pipe 851 and an air outlet branch pipe 861 are arranged on the gables 84 on both sides of the granary 90. The pipe wall 931 of the air inlet pipe 881 is opened to lead out the circulating gas. The air inlet pipe 881 adopts a structure that is easy to disassemble and move, which is convenient for the grain machinery in the granary 90 to enter and exit. When the cold medium of the cold unit 27 is liquid, the cold amount of the cold medium in the cold unit 27 is transferred to the circulating gas, which is transported into the air inlet pipe 881 through the circulating gas pipeline 94, and then returns to the cold unit 27 through the bulk grain pile 89, the air outlet branch pipe 861, and the air outlet main pipe 851. The No. 1 circulating fan 91 and the No. 2 circulating fan 92 provide gas circulation power, thereby realizing low-temperature ventilation grain storage. When the cold medium of the cold unit 27 is gas, it is the circulating gas of low-temperature ventilation grain storage. The hot air delivered by the solar heat generator 7 is sent into the bulk grain pile 89 through the air inlet pipe 881, and then returns to the solar heat generator 7 through the air outlet branch pipe 861 and the air outlet main pipe 851. The No. 1 circulation fan 91 and the No. 2 circulation fan 92 provide gas circulation power, thereby realizing the hot air drying process of the bulk grain pile 89 in the granary 90.

[0040] The transverse ventilation system of the present application is essentially to improve the "one in and one out" gas circulation mode of the gables on both sides of "CN200910085093.1- Grain silo transverse ventilation method and system" into two parallel, opposite air intake or opposite air outlet transverse ventilation systems. Under the same air supply pressure, the resistance of gas passing through the grain pile is reduced by about half, and the power consumption is reduced by at least one third. It is also extremely beneficial for the drying, fumigation and pest control and low-temperature ventilation of grain in the grain pile, and the drying and low-temperature ventilation processing time is effectively shortened.

[0041] The air inlet pipe 881 or the air outlet pipe 88 disposed in the middle adopts a building block structure that is easy to assemble and disassemble and move, and is convenient for the entry and exit operations of the grain machinery.

[0042] The design and operation of the transverse ventilation system of the present application are carried out with reference to the existing well-known mature technology of transverse ventilation for grain storage, which is described in more detail in the book "Transverse Ventilation Technology for Grain Storage" (written by Li Fujun et al., published by Science Press, Beijing, first edition, first printing in 2016, ISBN 978-7-03-049593-8).

[0043] The present invention can be provided with corresponding dust removal equipment for dust removal of circulating gas, such as bag-type, cyclone dust removal with bypass or electric dust removal equipment.

[0044] Pipelines, instruments, valves, regulating bypasses, etc. not described in this application are matched with mature technologies in known organic heat carrier boilers, solar water heating projects, grain depot drying and grain storage systems.

[0045] Parts not mentioned in this application, such as safety accessories, interlocking protection devices and automatic control, are equipped with existing known technologies.

[0046] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: 1. Compared with the existing technology, the present invention eliminates the problem of low heat utilization efficiency of the existing solar water heating system and photovoltaic utilization system, and uses the solar hot air device to safely and efficiently recover solar heat and store heat in the heat transfer oil. The heat transfer oil at nearly normal pressure and high temperature can facilitate users to make timely, flexible and efficient heat utilization during grain drying, realize continuous drying and long-term solar heat utilization, and has unparalleled advantages over the hot water recovery system; during continuous rainy periods, the heat supplement device can be used to supplement heat conveniently to ensure the smooth drying of grain and avoid mildew caused by excessive moisture in grain; 2. Compared with the existing technology, the present invention uses solar hot air generators to safely and efficiently recover solar heat and store heat in heat transfer oil, and then uses the stored heat transfer oil to drive the absorption refrigerator for cooling and cold supply, which is used for low-temperature storage of grain in grain depots, heat dissipation of office data centers, air conditioning of office rooms, etc., which is convenient for users to make timely, flexible and efficient cold utilization and realize long-term continuous cooling; 3. Compared with the existing solar water heater technology that directly heats water with heat collecting tubes, since the heat collecting tubes pass through gas, dust is not easy to accumulate, and the heat collecting tubes have high heat transfer efficiency. Unlike the heat collecting tubes that directly heat water, scale is not generated, which affects the heat exchange effect and then blocks the heat collecting tubes. The maintenance cost is extremely low and the operation cycle is greatly extended. In winter, unlike the heat collecting tubes that directly heat water, there will be no ice blockage of the water supply pipeline due to low temperature, and cracking and leakage at the connection between the heat collecting tank and the heat collecting tube; 4. Compared with the existing technology, the heat exchanger heated by thermal oil can be conveniently used for external heating or organic Rankine cycle power generation of solar energy, thereby improving the power supply capacity of the grain depot power system to cope with emergencies; 5. Compared with the prior art, the transverse ventilation system of the present invention is essentially to improve the "one in and one out" gas circulation mode of the two gables of "CN200910085093.1-Granary transverse ventilation method and system" into two parallel, opposite air intake or opposite air outlet transverse ventilation systems. Under the same air supply pressure, the resistance of gas passing through the grain pile is reduced by about half, and the power consumption is reduced by at least one third. It is also very beneficial to the drying, fumigation and pest control of grain piles and low-temperature ventilation, and the drying and low-temperature ventilation processing time is effectively shortened; 6. Compared with the prior art, the technical solution applied for in the present invention can conveniently use inert gases such as nitrogen for nitrogen grain storage, and has strong adaptability, versatility and practicality for drying materials. It can be dried at low temperature or high temperature, and has a large drying temperature range, which can give full play to the characteristics of the heat transfer oil of the present invention, namely, low pressure, high temperature and strong heat storage capacity. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0047] Figure 1 The present invention is a process flow diagram of a grain depot solar high temperature heat utilization system.

[0048] Figure 1Middle: 1-thermal oil tank, 2-gas space of thermal oil tank, 3-adjusting damper, 4-circulating fan, 5-return air duct, 6-drying room, 7-solar heat heater, 8-left header, 9-right header, 10-through collector, 11-dehumidifier, 12-hot air measuring damper, 13-ventilator, 14-heat storage heat exchanger, 15-hot air pipeline, 16-pressure gauge, 17-thermal oil pump, 18-heat exchanger, 19-heated medium, 20-heating medium, 21-absorber, 22-solution pump, 23-generator, 24-condenser, 25-evaporator, 26-cooling medium pipeline, 27-cooling unit, 28-cooling medium booster (when the cooling medium is liquid, it is the cooling medium circulation pump; when the cooling medium is gas, it is the cooling medium circulation fan), 29-concentrated solution pipeline, 30-dilute solution pipeline, 31-high temperature gas refrigerant, 32-low temperature gaseous refrigerant, 33-return heat transfer oil pipeline, 34-heat storage heat transfer oil return pipeline, 35-heat storage hot air return pipeline, 36-dryer outlet gas pipeline, 37-trough collector, 38-condensing plate, 39-cooling medium booster (when the cooling medium is liquid, it is a cooling medium circulation pump; when the cooling medium is air, it is a blower), 40-cooling medium, 41-absorber outlet cooling medium, 42-condenser outlet cooling medium, 43-cooling tower, 44-enhanced heat and moisture exchange element, 45-cooling tower fan, 46-supplementary heat device, 47-supplementary heat medium, 48-discharge of supplementary heat medium; F1 to F18 are valves, among which: F2-discharge valve, F3-safety valve, F4-pressure gauge valve, F9-dilute solution regulating valve, F10-throttle valve, F18-exhaust valve, and the remaining valves are regulating valves or stop valves.

[0049] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the heat pipe type solar heat air device in the present invention.

[0050] Figure 2 In the figure: 7-solar heat heater, 71-vacuum glass tube, 72-heat pipe, 73-sealing plug, 74-header, 75-air inlet of solar heat heater 7, 76-air outlet of solar heat heater 7.

[0051] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a single-pass heat collecting tube type solar thermal air heater in the present invention.

[0052] Figure 3 In the figure: 7-solar heat heater, 71-vacuum glass tube, 74-header, 75-air inlet of solar heat heater 7, 76-air outlet of solar heat heater 7, 78-inner tube of single-pass heat collecting tube, 79-sealing plug, 80-air inlet main pipe, 81-air inlet branch pipe.

[0053] Figure 4 The present invention is a schematic diagram of a process flow of horizontal ventilation of a flat warehouse.

[0054] Figure 4 In the figure: 7-solar heat generator, 27-cold unit, 84-gable, 85-air inlet main pipe, 86-air inlet branch pipe, 87-sealed film, 88-air outlet pipe, 89-bulk grain pile, 90-grain silo, 91-No. 1 circulation fan, 92-No. 2 circulation fan, 93-air outlet pipe wall, 94-gas circulation pipeline.

[0055] Figure 5 It is another schematic diagram of the process flow of horizontal ventilation of a flat warehouse in the present invention.

[0056] Figure 5 In: 7-solar heat generator, 27-cold unit, 84-gable, 851-air outlet main pipe, 861-air outlet branch pipe, 87-enclosed film, 881-inlet pipe, 89-bulk grain pile, 90-grain silo, 91-No. 1 circulation fan, 92-No. 2 circulation fan, 931-inlet pipe wall, 94-gas circulation pipeline. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0057] The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0058] Embodiment 1: As attached Figure 1 As shown, a grain depot solar high temperature heat utilization system comprises: Solar thermal air generator 7, recovers heat from solar energy, Drying chamber 6 uses hot gas to dry the grain in the drying chamber 6. The thermal oil tank 1 is used as a heat storage device for heat storage. The thermal oil pump 17 is used to pressurize and transport the thermal oil. The gas coming out of the drying chamber 6 returns to the solar heat generator 7 through the circulation fan 4 and the return air pipeline 5, absorbs solar heat through the heat collecting pipe in the solar heat generator 7, and is then transported to the drying chamber 6; or the gas coming out of the drying chamber 6 returns to the solar heat generator 7 through the return air pipeline 5, absorbs solar heat through the heat collecting pipe in the solar heat generator 7, and is then transported to the drying chamber 6 through the ventilator 13, thereby forming a solar heat recovery and heat release circulation loop for the gas. The heat transfer oil in the heat transfer oil tank 1 is pressurized by the heat transfer oil pump 17 and sent to the heat storage heat exchanger 14 to exchange heat with the hot air sent by the solar hot air device 7. The temperature of the heat transfer oil is increased and returned to the heat transfer oil tank 1 through the heat storage heat transfer oil return pipeline 34, thereby forming a heat storage circulation loop of the heat transfer oil in the heat transfer oil tank 1. The gas coming out of the heat storage heat exchanger 14 returns to the solar heat heater 7 through the circulation fan 4 and the return air pipeline 5, absorbs solar heat through the heat collecting pipes in the solar heat heater 7, and is then transported to the heat storage heat exchanger 14; or the gas coming out of the heat storage heat exchanger 14 returns to the solar heat heater 7 through the return air pipeline 5, absorbs solar heat through the heat collecting pipes in the solar heat heater 7, and is then transported to the heat storage heat exchanger 14 through the ventilator 13, thereby forming another solar heat recovery and heat release circulation loop of the gas.

[0059] At night or on cloudy days, the solar energy recovered by the solar hot air device 7 is not enough to supply the drying chamber 6. The heat transfer oil in the heat transfer oil tank 1 is pressurized by the heat transfer oil pump 17 and sent to the heat storage heat exchanger 14 to exchange heat with the gas sent by the solar hot air device 7. The heat transfer oil with reduced temperature returns to the heat transfer oil tank 1. The gas sent into the solar hot air heater 7 is heated by the heat storage heat exchanger 14 and then sent to the drying chamber 6 to dry the grain. The gas coming out of the drying chamber 6 returns to the solar hot air heater 7 through the circulating fan 4 and the return air pipeline 5, passes through the heat collecting pipe in the solar hot air heater 7, and is then transported to the heat storage heat exchanger 14. Alternatively, the gas sent into the solar hot air heater 7 is heated by the heat storage heat exchanger 14 and then sent to the drying chamber 6 to dry the grain. The gas coming out of the drying chamber 6 returns to the solar hot air heater 7 through the return air pipeline 5, passes through the heat collecting pipe in the solar hot air heater 7, and is then transported to the heat storage heat exchanger 14 through the ventilator 13, thereby forming a heat release circulation loop of the heat storage oil in the heat transfer oil tank 1 and a heat absorption and heat supply circulation loop of the gas.

[0060] The drying chamber 6 can be of various types, and can be a separately arranged drying tower, or the grain can be pre-dehumidified in the drying tower and then transferred to the flat warehouse, and then the wet grain in the flat warehouse can be dried by hot air.

[0061] Dehumidifier 11 is provided: The humid gas coming out of the drying chamber 6 is partially dehumidified by the dehumidifier 11 and then sent to the solar hot air generator 7 to facilitate the removal of moisture in the grain. The dehumidifier 11 uses liquid dehumidification, rotary dehumidification, membrane dehumidification or coupled dehumidification technology to adjust the humidity of the dry gas in the drying chamber 6 to an appropriate range.

[0062] An absorption refrigerator is provided, which is used to absorb the heat of the heat transfer oil and realize the refrigeration cycle process of the refrigerant, including: Generator 23, condenser 24, evaporator 25, absorber 21 and solution pump 22, The heat transfer oil in the heat transfer oil tank 1 enters the heat transfer oil pump 17 for pressure increase, and the pressure-increased heat transfer oil is delivered to the generator 23 of the absorption refrigerator to heat the concentrated solution of the refrigerant in the generator 23, and then returns to the heat transfer oil tank 1 through the return heat transfer oil pipeline 33, thereby forming a heat supply circulation loop for the heat transfer oil stored in the heat transfer oil tank 1. The high-temperature gaseous refrigerant 31 generated by the heat transfer oil heating the concentrated solution of the refrigerant in the generator 23 enters the evaporator 25 through the condenser 24 and the throttle valve F10, absorbs the heat of the cooling medium sent by the cold unit 27, and the low-temperature gaseous refrigerant 32 generated by evaporation in the evaporator 25 returns to the absorber 21, contacts with the dilute solution of the refrigerant formed in the generator 23 sent from the dilute solution regulating valve F9, and forms a concentrated solution of the refrigerant. The concentrated solution of the refrigerant in the absorber 21 is then returned to the generator 23 through the solution pump 22, thereby forming a refrigerant circulation loop of the absorption refrigerator. The cooling medium coming out of the cooling unit 27 is pressurized by the cooling medium booster 28 and then sent to the evaporator 25 to absorb the cold released by the evaporation of the liquid refrigerant in the evaporator 25. The cooling medium with the absorbed cold and lowered temperature returns to the cooling unit 27 for cooling. Alternatively, the cooling medium coming out of the cooling unit 27 enters the evaporator 25 to absorb the cold released by the evaporation of the liquid refrigerant in the evaporator 25. The cooling medium with the absorbed cold and lowered temperature returns to the cooling unit 27 for cooling, thereby forming a cooling medium circulation loop in which the cooling medium is charged with cold and then supplies cold to the cooling unit 27.

[0063] The refrigeration unit 27 provides cooling to the stored grain in the bungalow warehouse to prevent the grain from increasing in temperature and becoming moldy due to respiration.

[0064] The cooling medium of the condenser 24 and the absorber 21 is water, for example Figure 1 As shown, the cooling medium is sent to the condenser 24 and the absorber 21 through the cooling medium booster 39, and absorbs the heat released when the high-temperature gaseous refrigerant 31 of the condenser 24 is condensed, and the heat released when the refrigerant of the absorber 21 absorbs the dilute solution to absorb the low-temperature gaseous refrigerant 32 to form a concentrated solution. The high-temperature absorber outlet cooling medium 41 and condenser outlet cooling medium 42 are formed, enter the cooling tower 43 for cooling, and then return to the cooling medium booster 39, thereby forming a cooling medium circulation loop.

[0065] The cooling tower 43 includes an enhanced heat and moisture exchange element 44, an air intake louver, a cooling tower fan 45, and the like.

[0066] The absorption refrigerator uses ammonia-water as a refrigeration working pair.

[0067] A heat exchanger 18 is provided: The heat transfer oil in the heat transfer oil tank 1 enters the heat transfer oil pump 17 to increase the pressure, and the pressurized heat transfer oil is transported to the heat exchanger 18 to heat the heated working medium 19 into the heat supply medium 20, and the heat transfer oil coming out of the heat exchanger 18 returns to the heat transfer oil tank 1, thereby forming a heat supply circulation loop of the heat transfer oil in the heat transfer oil tank 1. For example, the heat exchanger 18 is used as an organic working medium evaporator of the organic Rankine cycle unit. At this time, the heat transfer oil passing through the heat exchanger 18 is the heat source of the organic working medium evaporator, which is used to heat and vaporize the liquid organic working medium transported by the organic working medium circulation pump to generate high-temperature gaseous organic working medium, enter the organic working medium gas turbine to drive the organic working medium generator to generate electricity, and the low-temperature and low-pressure organic working medium vapor coming out of the organic working medium gas turbine enters the organic working medium condenser to be liquefied, and then returns to the organic working medium circulation pump, thereby forming an organic working medium Rankine cycle loop.

[0068] The heat collecting pipe of the solar thermal air heater 7 is a through heat collecting pipe.

[0069] When the solar thermal air heater 7 uses a through heat collecting pipe 10, the through heat collecting pipe 10 can be connected in series, in parallel or in series and in parallel: For example, Figure 1 As shown, a plurality of through heat collecting tubes 10 are used in parallel, and two groups of solar hot air heaters 7 (double header hot air heaters) are used in series. The solar hot air heater 7 comprises a left header 8, a right header 9, and a through heat collecting tube 10. A plurality of through heat collecting tubes 10 connected in parallel are arranged between the left header 8 and the right header 9. The through heat collecting tubes 10 absorb the heat of solar energy and heat the gas entering the right header 9. The generated high-temperature gas is drawn out from the left header 8, transported to the drying chamber 11 for drying the Panax notoginseng, and then returned to the right header 9, thereby forming a closed-loop gas circulation loop of the through heat collecting tube type solar hot air heater 7; the outlet hot air of one group of solar hot air heaters 7 is used in series as the inlet gas of another group of solar hot air heaters; For example, Figure 1 As shown, multiple through-collecting tubes 10 are used in series and two groups of solar thermal air heaters 7 (trough-type thermal air heaters) are used in series. The solar thermal air heater 7 includes a trough-type collector 37, a concentrating plate 38 and a through-collecting tube 10. Gas enters the multiple through-collecting tubes 10 connected in series. The through-collecting tubes 10 absorb the heat of the solar energy and heat the incoming gas. The generated high-temperature gas is drawn out and used in series as the incoming gas of another group of solar thermal air heaters.

[0070] Preferably, the through-tube heat collecting tube 10 adopts a vacuum collector, the inner layer of the heat collecting tube is a stainless steel tube, the outer layer is a glass tube plus metal bellows at both ends, and the outer surface of the inner tube is coated with a selective absorption coating to achieve maximum absorption rate of direct solar radiation and minimum infrared wave re-radiation.

[0071] A supplementary heat device 46 is provided: the supplementary heat device 46 is arranged between the solar hot air device 7 and the heat storage heat exchanger 14, and adopts electric heating, compressed air heat, fuel combustion heat, etc. to supplement the heat required by the drying chamber 6 and the heat transfer oil tank 1. For example, the supplementary heat medium 47 adopts the hot air 47 formed by the combustion of natural gas, which enters the supplementary heat device 46 to heat the air sent by the solar hot air device 7, and the low-temperature flue gas formed is discharged by discharging the supplementary heat medium 48.

[0072] The circulating fan 4 is provided with an adjusting damper 3 for adjusting the air supply volume of the circulating fan 4 .

[0073] The ventilator 13 is provided with a hot air regulating damper 12 for adjusting the air supply volume of the ventilator 13 .

[0074] The circulating fan 4 and the ventilator 13 are substantially the same, and the names are only used to distinguish them.

[0075] The circulating fan 4 or the ventilator 13 is a centrifugal, axial flow, screw or vortex fan.

[0076] The solar heat generator 7 is provided with necessary support rods or support frames to securely, stably and effectively fix the solar heat generator to avoid tipping accidents caused by strong winds.

[0077] The inlet pipeline of the thermal oil pump 17 is provided with a filter for filtering solid impurity particles in the thermal oil in the inlet pipeline.

[0078] The heat transfer oil tank 1 in the heat transfer oil system plays the role of oil and gas separation, buffering, heat storage and storage, and insulation measures need to be taken.

[0079] The heat transfer oil system is provided with necessary exhaust valves and safety valves.

[0080] The thermal oil tank 1 adopts a vertical structure, which facilitates the compact arrangement of the system.

[0081] The circulating fan 4 or the ventilator 13 adopts a variable frequency speed regulation operation mode, and flexibly adjusts the air supply volume and air supply pressure when the sunshine and heating conditions change.

[0082] Based on "CN200910085093.1- Grain Silo Transverse Ventilation Method and System", this application proposes an improved transverse ventilation system in combination with the above technical solutions, as shown in the attached Figure 4 , Attachment Figure 5 shown.

[0083] As attached Figure 4 , using the method of air intake through the gables on both sides and air outlet in the middle of the grain pile: The bulk grain pile 90 is covered with a closed film 87, an air outlet pipe 88 is arranged in the middle of the granary 90, and an air inlet main pipe 85 and an air inlet branch pipe 86 are arranged on the gables 84 on both sides of the granary 90. The air outlet pipe wall 93 of the air outlet pipe 88 is opened for introducing circulating gas. The air outlet pipe 88 adopts a structure that is easy to disassemble and move, which is convenient for the grain machinery in the granary 90 to enter and exit. When the cold medium of the cold unit 27 is liquid, the cold amount of the cold medium in the cold unit 27 is transferred to the circulating gas 94, and the circulating gas is sent to the bulk grain pile 89 through the air inlet main pipe 85 and the air inlet branch pipe 86, and then returns to the cold unit 27 through the air outlet pipe 88 and the circulating gas pipeline 94. The No. 1 circulating fan 91 and the No. 2 circulating fan 92 provide gas circulation power, thereby realizing low-temperature ventilation grain storage. When the cold medium of the cold unit 27 is gas, it is the circulating gas of low-temperature ventilation grain storage. The hot air delivered by the solar heat heater 7 is sent into the bulk grain pile 89 through the air intake main pipe 85 and the air intake branch pipe 86, and then returns to the solar heat heater 7 through the air outlet pipe 88 and the circulating gas pipeline 94. The No. 1 circulating fan 91 and the No. 2 circulating fan 92 provide gas circulation power, thereby realizing the hot air drying process of the bulk grain pile 89 in the granary 90.

[0084] As attached Figure 5 , using the method of air outlet on both sides of the gable and air intake in the middle of the grain pile: The bulk grain pile 90 is covered with a closed film 87, an air inlet pipe 881 is arranged in the middle of the granary 90, and an air outlet main pipe 851 and an air outlet branch pipe 861 are arranged on the gables 84 on both sides of the granary 90. The pipe wall 931 of the air inlet pipe 881 is opened to lead out the circulating gas. The air inlet pipe 881 adopts a structure that is easy to disassemble and move, which is convenient for the grain machinery in the granary 90 to enter and exit. When the cold medium of the cold unit 27 is liquid, the cold amount of the cold medium in the cold unit 27 is transferred to the circulating gas, which is transported into the air inlet pipe 881 through the circulating gas pipeline 94, and then returns to the cold unit 27 through the bulk grain pile 89, the air outlet branch pipe 861, and the air outlet main pipe 851. The No. 1 circulating fan 91 and the No. 2 circulating fan 92 provide gas circulation power, thereby realizing low-temperature ventilation grain storage. When the cold medium of the cold unit 27 is gas, it is the circulating gas of low-temperature ventilation grain storage. The hot air delivered by the solar heat generator 7 is sent into the bulk grain pile 89 through the air inlet pipe 881, and then returns to the solar heat generator 7 through the air outlet branch pipe 861 and the air outlet main pipe 851. The No. 1 circulation fan 91 and the No. 2 circulation fan 92 provide gas circulation power, thereby realizing the hot air drying process of the bulk grain pile 89 in the granary 90.

[0085] The air inlet pipe 881 or the air outlet pipe 88 disposed in the middle adopts a building block structure that is easy to assemble and disassemble and move, and is convenient for the entry and exit operations of the grain machinery.

[0086] The design and operation of the transverse ventilation system of the present application are carried out with reference to the existing well-known mature technology of transverse ventilation for grain storage, which is described in more detail in the book "Transverse Ventilation Technology for Grain Storage" (written by Li Fujun et al., published by Science Press, Beijing, first edition, first printing in 2016, ISBN 978-7-03-049593-8).

[0087] The present invention can be provided with corresponding dust removal equipment for dust removal of circulating gas, such as bag-type, cyclone dust removal with bypass or electric dust removal equipment.

[0088] Pipelines, instruments, valves, regulating bypasses, etc. not described in this application are matched with mature technologies in known organic heat carrier boilers, solar water heating projects, grain depot drying and grain storage systems.

[0089] Parts not mentioned in this application, such as safety accessories, interlocking protection devices and automatic control, are equipped with existing known technologies.

[0090] Although the present invention has been disclosed as above with preferred embodiments, they are not intended to limit the present invention. Anyone familiar with the art can make various changes or modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which also belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be based on the definition of the claims of this application.

Claims

1. A grain depot solar high temperature heat utilization system, characterized in that: include: The solar thermal air generator (7) recovers heat from solar energy. The drying chamber (6) dries the grain in the drying chamber (6) using hot gas. The thermal oil tank (1) serves as a heat storage device for storing heat. The heat transfer oil pump (17) is used to pressurize and transport the heat transfer oil. The gas coming out of the drying chamber (6) returns to the solar hot air heater (7) through the circulation fan (4) and the return air pipeline (5), absorbs solar heat through the heat collecting pipe in the solar hot air heater (7), and is then transported to the drying chamber (6); or the gas coming out of the drying chamber (6) returns to the solar hot air heater (7) through the return air pipeline (5), absorbs solar heat through the heat collecting pipe in the solar hot air heater (7), and is then transported to the drying chamber (6) through the ventilator (13), thereby forming a solar heat recovery and heat release circulation loop for the gas. The heat transfer oil in the heat transfer oil tank (1) is pressurized by a heat transfer oil pump (17) and sent to a heat storage heat exchanger (14) to exchange heat with hot air sent by a solar hot air generator (7). The heat transfer oil with increased temperature returns to the heat transfer oil tank (1) through a heat storage heat transfer oil return pipeline (34), thereby forming a heat storage circulation loop of the heat transfer oil in the heat transfer oil tank (1). The gas coming out of the heat storage heat exchanger (14) returns to the solar heat generator (7) via the circulation fan (4) and the return air pipeline (5), absorbs solar heat through the heat collecting pipe in the solar heat generator (7), and is then transported to the heat storage heat exchanger (14); or the gas coming out of the heat storage heat exchanger (14) returns to the solar heat generator (7) via the return air pipeline (5), absorbs solar heat through the heat collecting pipe in the solar heat generator (7), and is then transported to the heat storage heat exchanger (14) via the ventilator (13), thereby forming another solar heat recovery and heat release circulation loop of the gas.

2. The grain depot solar high temperature heat utilization system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: At night or on cloudy days, the solar energy recovered by the solar hot air device (7) is insufficient for use in the drying chamber (6). The heat transfer oil in the heat transfer oil tank (1) is pressurized by the heat transfer oil pump (17) and sent to the heat storage heat exchanger (14) to exchange heat with the gas sent from the solar hot air device (7). The heat transfer oil with a lowered temperature returns to the heat transfer oil tank (1). The gas sent into the solar hot air device (7) is heated by the heat storage heat exchanger (14) and then sent into the drying chamber (6) to dry the grain. The gas coming out of the drying chamber (6) returns to the solar hot air device (7) through the circulating fan (4) and the return air pipeline (5), passes through the heat collecting pipe in the solar hot air device (7), and is then sent to the heat storage heat exchanger (14). Alternatively, the gas sent into the solar hot air device (7) is heated by the heat storage heat exchanger (14) and then sent into the drying chamber (6) to dry the grain. The gas coming out of the drying chamber (6) returns to the solar hot air device (7) through the return air pipeline (5), passes through the heat collecting pipe in the solar hot air device (7), and is then sent to the heat storage heat exchanger (14) through the ventilator (13), thereby forming a heat release circulation loop of the heat storage oil in the heat transfer oil tank (1) and a heat absorption and heat supply circulation loop of the gas.

3. The grain depot solar high temperature heat utilization system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: An absorption refrigerator is provided: the absorption refrigerator is used to absorb the heat of the heat transfer oil and realize the refrigeration cycle process of the refrigerant, including: Generator (23), condenser (24), evaporator (25), absorber (21) and solution pump (22), The heat transfer oil in the heat transfer oil tank (1) enters the heat transfer oil pump (17) for pressure increase, and the pressurized heat transfer oil is delivered to the generator (23) to heat the concentrated solution of the refrigerant in the generator (23), and then returns to the heat transfer oil tank (1) through the return heat transfer oil pipeline (33), thereby forming a heat supply circulation loop for the heat transfer oil in the heat transfer oil tank (1). The high-temperature gaseous refrigerant (31) generated by the heat transfer oil heating the concentrated solution of the refrigerant pair in the generator (23) enters the evaporator (25) through the condenser (24) and the throttle valve F10, absorbs the heat of the cooling medium sent by the cold unit (27), and the low-temperature gaseous refrigerant (32) generated by evaporation in the evaporator (25) returns to the absorber (21), contacts with the dilute solution of the refrigerant pair formed in the generator (23) sent from the dilute solution regulating valve F9, and forms a concentrated solution of the refrigerant pair. The concentrated solution of the refrigerant pair in the absorber (21) then returns to the generator (23) through the solution pump (22), thereby forming a refrigerant circulation loop of the absorption refrigerator. The cooling medium from the cold unit (27) is pressurized by the cooling medium booster (28) and then sent to the evaporator (25) to absorb the cold released by the evaporation of the liquid refrigerant in the evaporator (25). The cooling medium that has absorbed the cold and whose temperature has been lowered returns to the cold unit (27) for cooling. Alternatively, the cooling medium from the cold unit (27) enters the evaporator (25) to absorb the cold released by the evaporation of the liquid refrigerant in the evaporator (25). The cooling medium that has absorbed the cold and whose temperature has been lowered returns to the cold unit (27) for cooling. Thus, a cooling medium circulation loop is formed in which the cooling medium is charged with cold and then supplies cold to the cold unit (27).

4. The grain depot solar high temperature heat utilization system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A heat exchanger (18) is provided: The heat transfer oil in the heat transfer oil tank (1) enters the heat transfer oil pump (17) for pressure increase. The pressure-increased heat transfer oil is transported to the heat exchanger (18) to heat the heated working medium (19) into a heat supply medium (20). The heat transfer oil from the heat exchanger (18) returns to the heat transfer oil tank (1), thereby forming a heat supply circulation loop for the heat transfer oil storing heat in the heat transfer oil tank (1).

5. The grain depot solar high temperature heat utilization system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A supplementary heat device (46) is provided: the supplementary heat device (46) is arranged between the solar hot air device (7) and the heat storage heat exchanger (14), and uses electric heating, compressed air heat, and fuel combustion heat to heat the gas to supplement the heat required by the drying chamber (6) and / or the heat transfer oil tank (1).

6. The grain depot solar high temperature heat utilization system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The heat collecting tube of the solar thermal air heater (7) comprises a through heat collecting tube (10), a heat pipe (72) or a single-pass heat collecting tube.

7. The grain depot solar high temperature heat utilization system according to claim 3 is characterized in that: A horizontal ventilation system is provided, with air entering from the gables on both sides and air exiting from the middle of the grain pile: A closed film (87) is covered on the bulk grain pile (90), an air outlet pipe (88) is arranged in the middle of the grain bin (90), and an air inlet main pipe (85) and an air inlet branch pipe (86) are arranged on the gables (84) on both sides of the grain bin (90). A hole is opened in the air outlet pipe wall (93) of the air outlet pipe (88) for introducing circulating gas. The air outlet pipe (88) adopts a structure that is easy to disassemble and move, so as to facilitate the entry and exit operation of grain machinery in the grain bin (90). When the cooling medium of the cooling unit (27) is liquid, The coldness of the cold medium in the cold unit (27) is transferred to the circulating gas, and the circulating gas is sent to the bulk grain pile (89) through the air intake main pipe (85) and the air intake branch pipe (86), and then returns to the cold unit (27) through the air outlet pipe (88) and the circulating gas pipeline (94). The first circulating fan (91) and the second circulating fan (92) provide gas circulation power, thereby realizing low-temperature ventilation grain storage. When the cold medium in the cold unit (27) is gas, it is the circulating gas of the low-temperature ventilation grain storage; The hot air delivered by the solar hot air device (7) is delivered to the bulk grain pile (89) through the air intake main pipe (85) and the air intake branch pipe (86), and then returns to the solar hot air device (7) through the air outlet pipe (88) and the circulating gas pipeline (94). The No. 1 circulating fan (91) and the No. 2 circulating fan (92) provide gas circulation power, thereby realizing the hot air drying process of the bulk grain pile (89) in the granary (90).

8. The grain depot solar high temperature heat utilization system according to claim 3 is characterized in that: A horizontal ventilation system is provided, with air outlet from the gables on both sides and air intake from the middle of the grain pile: A closed film (87) is covered on the bulk grain pile (90), an air inlet pipe (881) is arranged in the middle of the grain bin (90), and an air outlet main pipe (851) and an air outlet branch pipe (861) are arranged on the gables (84) on both sides of the grain bin (90). A hole is opened in the pipe wall (931) of the air inlet pipe (881) for leading out the circulating gas. The air inlet pipe (881) adopts a structure that is easy to disassemble and move, so as to facilitate the entry and exit operation of the grain machinery in the grain bin (90). The cooling medium of the cooling unit (27) is liquid. When the cooling medium in the cold unit (27) is transferred to the circulating gas, the cold is transported into the air inlet pipe (881) through the circulating gas pipeline (94), and then returns to the cold unit (27) through the bulk grain pile (89), the outlet branch pipe (861), and the outlet main pipe (851). The No. 1 circulating fan (91) and the No. 2 circulating fan (92) provide gas circulation power, thereby realizing low-temperature ventilation grain storage. When the cooling medium in the cold unit (27) is gas, it is the circulating gas of the low-temperature ventilation grain storage. The hot air delivered by the solar hot air device (7) is delivered to the bulk grain pile (89) through the air inlet pipe (881), and then returns to the solar hot air device (7) through the air outlet branch pipe (861) and the air outlet main pipe (851). The No. 1 circulation fan (91) and the No. 2 circulation fan (92) provide gas circulation power, thereby realizing the hot air drying process of the bulk grain pile (89) in the granary (90).

9. The grain depot solar high temperature heat utilization system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Equipped with a dehumidifier (11): The humid gas coming out of the drying chamber (6) is sent to the solar hot air heater (7) after some moisture is removed by the dehumidifier (11).

10. The grain depot solar high temperature heat utilization system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The refrigerant pair selected by the absorption refrigerator includes ammonia-water, ammonia-sodium thiocyanate solution, the refrigerant pair provided by CN202210567342.6 (dimethyl ether-ionic liquid refrigerant), the refrigerant pair provided by CN202211615323.2 (R134a-DMETG solution), or the refrigerant pair provided by CN202310535508.0 (ammonia-ionic liquid refrigerant).

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