Contact type heat exchange and cold storage device and method and energy storage equipment

Abstract

The invention provides a contact type heat exchange and cold storage device and method and energy storage equipment, and relates to the technical field of energy storage. The cold storage device comprises a fluidized bed heat exchange pipeline, a first particle storage tank, a second particle storage tank and a particle conveyor, a medium inlet and a particle output port are formed in the lower end of the fluidized bed heat exchange pipeline, and a medium outlet and a particle input port are formed in the upper end of the fluidized bed heat exchange pipeline; and a gas-phase heat transfer medium flows into the fluidized bed heat exchange pipeline through the medium inlet and flows out through the medium outlet. According to the contact type heat exchange cold storage device, the defects of an existing solid phase cold storage mode are overcome, and the practicability of the solid phase cold storage mode is improved. Due to the fact that the particle fluidization technology is adopted, the influence of the thermocline effect is greatly relieved, the risk and the problem caused by solid particle breakage are solved, the cold storage efficiency is improved, the service life of equipment is prolonged, and due to the fact that solid particles make direct contact with heat exchange fluid in the downward movement process through the gravity of the solid particles, the heat exchange efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of energy storage technology, and in particular to a contact heat exchange cold storage device, method and energy storage equipment. Background Art

[0003] Liquid air energy storage has outstanding advantages such as long energy storage time, high energy storage density, long cycle life, flexible deployment location, and environmental friendliness. It is one of the ideal large-scale long-term energy storage technologies. Cold storage is the key link of liquid air energy storage.

[0004] The contact heat exchange cold storage device based on fluidization technology uses solid particles as the cold storage medium. Under the action of gravity, the solid particles complete heat exchange with low-temperature nitrogen in the heat exchanger, absorb and store cold energy, and then fall into the low-temperature particle storage tank. This solid phase cold storage method has no influence from the inclined temperature layer, is safe and environmentally friendly, and has high cold storage efficiency. It is of great value in promoting the large-scale engineering application of liquid air energy storage.

[0005] The solid-phase cold storage method uses solid granular materials such as quartz sand and basalt, and has the outstanding advantages of low cost and good safety. However, traditional solid-phase cold storage mostly uses a fixed packed bed structure. Due to the accumulation of the filling medium, the structure inevitably has a thermocline effect during the storage and release process, resulting in low cold storage efficiency.

[0006] In the long-term cold storage and release cycle, the solid particles of the traditional fixed packed bed structure are at risk of breakage. The broken solid particles are not only difficult to remove, but also easily lead to blockage of the packed bed, resulting in local temperature concentration areas, further worsening the heat exchange and cold storage environment, and seriously affecting the safe operation of the liquid air energy storage system. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a new and efficient solid-phase cold storage method. Summary of the invention

[0007] The present invention provides a contact heat exchange cold storage device, which is used to solve the problems of low cold storage efficiency, easy breakage of solid particles and low safety in the prior art.

[0008] The present invention provides a contact heat exchange and cold storage device, comprising: A fluidized bed heat exchange pipe, wherein a medium inlet and a particle outlet are provided at the lower end of the fluidized bed heat exchange pipe, and a medium outlet and a particle input port are provided at the upper end of the fluidized bed heat exchange pipe; a gas phase heat transfer medium flows into the fluidized bed heat exchange pipe through the medium inlet and flows out through the medium outlet; a first particle storage tank, the first particle storage tank being connected to the particle input port through a first connecting pipe, and the first particle storage tank being used to transport inert particles into the fluidized bed heat exchange pipe through the particle input port; the inert particles move downward in the fluidized bed heat exchange pipe by gravity and exchange heat with the gas phase heat transfer medium; a second particle storage tank, the second particle storage tank being connected to the particle output port through a second connecting pipe, and the second particle storage tank being used to store the inert particles after heat exchange with the gas phase heat transfer medium; A particle conveyor is connected to the first particle storage tank and the second particle storage tank, and is used to convey the inert particles in the second particle storage tank to the first particle storage tank.

[0009] A contact heat exchange and cold storage device according to the present invention also includes: A particle distributor is arranged at the upper part of the fluidized bed heat exchange pipe. The particle distributor is connected to the first connecting pipe through the particle input port. The particle distributor is used to evenly input the inert particles into the fluidized bed heat exchange pipe so that the inert particles fall evenly in the fluidized bed heat exchange pipe.

[0010] A contact heat exchange and cold storage device according to the present invention also includes: An air intake uniform distributor is arranged at the lower part of the fluidized bed heat exchange pipeline. The air intake uniform distributor is connected to the medium inlet and is used to evenly distribute the gas phase heat transfer medium in the fluidized bed heat exchange pipeline.

[0011] A contact heat exchange and cold storage device according to the present invention also includes: The first particle valve is arranged on the first connecting pipe, and the first particle valve is used to control the opening and closing of the first connecting pipe, and to control the flow rate of the inert particles flowing into the fluidized bed heat exchange pipe.

[0012] A contact heat exchange and cold storage device according to the present invention also includes: The second particle valve is arranged on the second connecting pipe, and the second particle valve is used to control the opening and closing of the second connecting pipe, and to control the flow rate of the inert particles flowing out of the fluidized bed heat exchange pipe.

[0013] According to a contact heat exchange and cold storage device provided by the present invention, the inert particles are quartz sand particles or basalt particles, and the particle size of the inert particles is 0.1 mm-10 mm.

[0014] According to a contact heat exchange cold storage device provided by the present invention, the outsides of the fluidized bed heat exchange pipeline, the first particle storage tank and the second particle storage tank are all provided with a thermal insulation layer.

[0015] The present invention also provides an energy storage device, which includes the contact heat exchange and cold storage device described in any one of the above items.

[0016] The present invention further provides a contact heat exchange and cold storage method, which is based on the contact heat exchange and cold storage device described in any one of the above items and comprises: conveying the inert particles in the second particle storage tank to the first particle storage tank by a particle conveyor; Inputting a gas phase heat transfer medium into the fluidized bed heat exchange pipe; The inert particles in the first particle storage tank are transported into the fluidized bed heat exchange pipeline, where the inert particles move downward by gravity and exchange heat with the gas phase heat transfer medium; The inert particles after heat exchange with the gas phase heat transfer medium are input into the second particle storage tank for storage.

[0017] According to a contact heat exchange cold storage method provided by the present invention, while executing the step of transporting the inert particles in the first particle storage tank to the fluidized bed heat exchange pipeline, it also includes: The flow rate of the inert particles is controlled by adjusting the opening of the first particle valve to control the temperature of the medium inlet and the medium outlet.

[0018] The contact heat exchange cold storage device provided by the present invention solves the defects of the existing solid phase cold storage method and improves the practicality of the solid phase cold storage method. The particle fluidization technology is used to greatly reduce the influence of the thermocline effect, solve the risks and problems caused by the breakage of solid particles, improve the efficiency of cold storage, and extend the service life of the equipment. The solid particles use their own gravity to directly contact the heat exchange fluid during the downward movement, which improves the heat exchange efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the contact heat exchange and cold storage device provided by the present invention.

[0021] Reference numerals: 1. First particle storage tank; 2. Fluidized bed heat exchange pipeline; 3. Second particle storage tank; 4. Particle conveyor; 5. Particle distributor; 6. Air intake distributor; 7. First particle valve; 8. Second particle valve; 9. Inert particles. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limitations on the embodiments of the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0024] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "connected" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0025] In the embodiments of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the first feature being "above" or "below" the second feature may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, the first feature being "above", "above" and "above" the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. The first feature being "below", "below" and "below" the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0026] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the embodiment of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, without contradiction.

[0027] Figure 1 The schematic diagram of the structure of the contact heat exchange and cold storage device provided by the present invention is illustrated as follows: Figure 1 As shown, the contact heat exchange cold storage device includes a fluidized bed heat exchange pipe 2, a first particle storage tank 1, a second particle storage tank 3 and a particle conveyor 4. The lower end of the fluidized bed heat exchange pipe 2 is provided with a medium inlet and a particle outlet, and the upper end of the fluidized bed heat exchange pipe 2 is provided with a medium outlet and a particle input port; the gas phase heat transfer medium flows into the fluidized bed heat exchange pipe 2 through the medium inlet and flows out through the medium outlet.

[0028] The first particle storage tank 1 is connected to the particle input port through the first connecting pipe. The first particle storage tank 1 is used to transport inert particles 9 into the fluidized bed heat exchange pipe 2 through the particle input port; the inert particles 9 move downward by gravity in the fluidized bed heat exchange pipe 2 and exchange heat with the gas phase heat transfer medium. By using inert particles 9 for cold storage, there is no risk of explosion, and the system is safe and reliable. In the process of the inert particles 9 moving downward by gravity in the fluidized bed heat exchange pipe 2, the inert particles 9 are in direct contact with the gas phase heat transfer medium, and this heat exchange method has higher heat exchange efficiency. Since the speed of the inert particles 9 moving downward by gravity in the fluidized bed heat exchange pipe 2 is low, the loss of the inert particles 9 can be reduced accordingly, which is conducive to achieving a higher number of cycles of the system and reducing the cost of use. Preferably, the first connecting pipe is tilted at a certain angle to reduce the flow rate of the inert particles 9 entering the fluidized bed heat exchange pipe 2 through the first connecting pipe, and further avoid the inert particles 9 from being damaged due to excessive flow rate.

[0029] The second particle storage tank 3 is connected to the particle output port through the second connecting pipe, and the second particle storage tank 3 is used to store the inert particles 9 after heat exchange with the gas phase heat transfer medium. Preferably, the second connecting pipe is inclined at a certain angle to reduce the flow rate of the inert particles 9 flowing out of the fluidized bed heat exchange pipe 2 through the second connecting pipe, and further avoid the inert particles 9 from being damaged due to excessive flow rate.

[0030] The particle conveyor 4 is in communication with the first particle storage tank 1 and the second particle storage tank 3 , and the particle conveyor 4 is used to convey the inert particles 9 in the second particle storage tank 3 to the first particle storage tank 1 .

[0031] The contact heat exchange cold storage device provided by the present invention solves the defects of the existing solid phase cold storage method and improves the practicality of the solid phase cold storage method. The particle fluidization technology is used to greatly reduce the influence of the thermocline effect, solve the risks and problems caused by the breakage of solid particles, improve the efficiency of cold storage, and extend the service life of the equipment. The solid particles use their own gravity to directly contact the heat exchange fluid during the downward movement, which improves the heat exchange efficiency.

[0032] In one embodiment of the present invention, Figure 1 As shown, the contact heat exchange cold storage device also includes a particle distributor 5, which is arranged at the upper part of the fluidized bed heat exchange pipe 2, and is connected to the first connecting pipe through the particle input port. The particle distributor 5 is used to uniformly input the inert particles 9 into the fluidized bed heat exchange pipe 2, so that the inert particles 9 fall evenly in the fluidized bed heat exchange pipe 2. The particle distributor 5 can uniformly input the inert particles 9 into the fluidized bed heat exchange pipe 2, so that the inert particles 9 are in uniform contact with the gas phase heat transfer medium in the fluidized bed heat exchange pipe 2, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency. Since the inert particles 9 are in direct contact with the gas phase heat transfer medium for heat exchange during the downward movement by gravity, the inert particles 9 are in a moving state, and there is no inclined temperature layer problem of the fixed packed bed, so the cold storage efficiency is higher.

[0033] In one embodiment of the present invention, Figure 1 As shown, the contact heat exchange cold storage device also includes an air intake uniformizer 6, which is arranged in the lower part of the fluidized bed heat exchange pipe 2. The air intake uniformizer 6 is connected to the medium inlet. The air intake uniformizer 6 is used to evenly distribute the gas phase heat transfer medium in the fluidized bed heat exchange pipe 2, so that the inert particles 9 are evenly contacted with the gas phase heat transfer medium, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency.

[0034] In one embodiment of the present invention, Figure 1As shown, the contact heat exchange cold storage device also includes a first particle valve 7, which is arranged on the first connecting pipe. The first particle valve 7 is used to control the conduction and closing of the first connecting pipe, and control the flow rate of the inert particles 9 flowing into the fluidized bed heat exchange pipe 2. By controlling the opening of the first particle valve 7, the flow rate of the inert particles 9 flowing into the fluidized bed heat exchange pipe 2 can be accurately controlled, and the falling speed of the inert particles 9 can be changed, thereby adjusting the heat exchange efficiency between the inert particles 9 and the gas phase heat transfer medium. The opening of the first particle valve 7 is specifically adjusted according to the first law of thermodynamics and the principle of heat exchange equilibrium to adjust the flow rate of the inert particles 9 entering the fluidized bed heat exchange pipe 2. The first particle valve 7 adopts a ball valve, a gate valve or other valve that allows solid phase medium to pass through.

[0035] In one embodiment of the present invention, Figure 1 As shown, the contact heat exchange cold storage device also includes a second particle valve 8, which is arranged on the second connecting pipe. The second particle valve 8 is used to control the conduction and closing of the second connecting pipe, and control the flow rate of the inert particles 9 flowing out of the fluidized bed heat exchange pipe 2. Although the process of heat exchange between the inert particles 9 and the gas phase heat transfer medium mainly occurs in the middle of the fluidized bed heat exchange pipe 2, the inert particles 9 will still exchange heat with the gas phase heat transfer medium at the bottom of the fluidized bed heat exchange pipe 2. Therefore, the longer the inert particles 9 stay at the bottom of the fluidized bed heat exchange pipe 2, the more sufficient the heat exchange. By controlling the flow rate of the inert particles 9 flowing out of the fluidized bed heat exchange pipe 2 by the second particle valve 8, the heat exchange efficiency between the inert particles 9 and the gas phase heat transfer medium can also be adjusted. The opening of the second particle valve 8 specifically controls the flow rate of the inert particles 9 flowing out of the fluidized bed heat exchange pipe 2 according to the first law of thermodynamics and the principle of heat exchange equilibrium. The second particle valve 8 adopts a ball valve, a gate valve or other valve that allows solid phase medium to pass through.

[0036] In one embodiment of the present invention, the inert particles 9 are used to store or release high-grade cold energy and are cold storage media. The inert particles 9 are quartz sand particles or basalt particles, and the particle size of the inert particles 9 is 0.1 mm-10 mm. The inert particles 9 are in direct contact with the gas phase heat transfer medium in the fluidized bed heat exchange pipe 2 and exchange heat with the gas phase heat transfer medium through heat conduction, heat convection and heat radiation. When solid phase particles are used as cold storage media, the type and size of the inert particles 9 can be selected, and the adaptability is better.

[0037] In one embodiment of the present invention, the first particle storage tank 1 is arranged above the fluidized bed heat exchange pipe 2, and the first particle storage tank 1 is used to store the inert particles 9 before the cold storage process or the cold release process, and the bottom of the first particle storage tank 1 has a particle outlet, and the top of the first particle storage tank 1 has a particle inlet channel and a particle transport channel. The main body material of the first particle storage tank 1 is made of high-strength materials such as stainless steel and quartz, and the outside of the first particle storage tank 1 is provided with an insulation layer, which is an insulation material such as glass fiber, pearl sand, polymer foam resin or asbestos.

[0038] In one embodiment of the present invention, the second particle storage tank 3 is arranged below the fluidized bed heat exchange pipe 2, the second particle storage tank 3 has a particle outlet channel and a particle transport channel at the bottom, the particle transport channel at the bottom of the second particle storage tank 3 is connected to the second connecting pipe, the second particle storage tank 3 has a particle inlet channel and a particle transport channel at the top, and the particle transport channel at the top of the second particle storage tank 3 is connected to the particle conveyor 4. The main body material of the second particle storage tank 3 is made of high-strength materials such as stainless steel and quartz, and the second particle storage tank 3 is provided with an insulation layer on the outside, and the insulation layer is made of insulation materials such as glass fiber, pearl sand, polymer foam resin or asbestos.

[0039] In one embodiment of the present invention, the fluidized bed heat exchange pipe 2 is a place where the inert particles 9 and the gas phase heat transfer medium are directly mixed and direct contact heat transfer occurs. One or more fluidized bed heat exchange pipes 2 can be provided. When multiple fluidized bed heat exchange pipes 2 are provided, a particle distributor 5 is provided at the upper part of each fluidized bed heat exchange pipe 2, and an air intake distributor 6 is provided at the lower part of each fluidized bed heat exchange pipe 2. The fluidized bed heat exchange pipe 2 is made of high-strength materials such as stainless steel and quartz, and an insulation layer is provided on the outside of the fluidized bed heat exchange pipe 2. The insulation layer is an insulation material such as glass fiber, pearl sand, polymer foam resin or asbestos.

[0040] The inert particles 9 in the fluidized bed heat exchange pipe 2 are affected by various factors such as their own gravity, the buoyancy of the incoming gas phase heat transfer medium, thermophoresis, Saffman lift, Magnus lift, virtual mass force, pressure gradient force, etc., and generate a downward speed, moving from the top of the fluidized bed heat exchange pipe 2 to the bottom of the fluidized bed heat exchange pipe 2, and exchanging cold energy with the gas phase heat transfer medium in the process.

[0041] Working principle of contact heat exchange and cold storage device: During the cold storage process, first, all the inert particles 9 in the second particle storage tank 3 are transported to the first particle storage tank 1 through the particle conveyor 4. The incoming low-temperature gas phase heat transfer medium enters the fluidized bed heat exchange pipe 2 evenly through the air inlet uniformizer 6. The first particle valve 7 is opened to allow the inert particles 9 to enter the fluidized bed heat exchange pipe 2 evenly through the particle uniformizer 5. The opening of the first particle valve 7 is adjusted according to the heat exchange balance principle to ensure that the temperature of the medium inlet and the medium outlet is maintained at the required value. In the fluidized bed heat exchange pipe 2, the room temperature inert particles 9 are in direct contact with the low-temperature incoming heat transfer medium, and heat is exchanged in the form of countercurrent, and the inert particles 9 are maintained at a suitable speed. Finally, the cold energy of the incoming gas phase heat transfer medium is transferred to the inert particles 9, and the inert particles 9 then enter the second particle storage tank 3 through the second particle valve 8 to store the cold energy. After the incoming heat transfer medium is converted to room temperature, it is used in other industrial links or continues to obtain cold energy and returns to the fluidized bed heat exchange pipe 2.

[0042] During the cold release process, first, all the low-temperature inert particles 9 in the second particle storage tank 3 are transported to the first particle storage tank 1 through the particle conveyor 4. The incoming normal-temperature gas-phase heat transfer medium enters the fluidized bed heat exchange pipe 2 evenly through the air inlet uniformizer 6. The first particle valve 7 is opened to allow the low-temperature inert particles 9 to evenly enter the fluidized bed heat exchange pipe 2 through the particle uniformizer 5. The opening of the first particle valve 7 is adjusted according to the heat exchange balance principle to ensure that the temperature of the medium inlet and the medium outlet is maintained at the required value. In the fluidized bed heat exchange pipe 2, the low-temperature inert particles 9 are in direct contact with the incoming normal-temperature heat transfer medium, and heat is exchanged in the form of countercurrent, and the inert particles 9 fall at a suitable speed. Finally, the low-temperature inert particles 9 transfer the stored cold energy to the incoming gas-phase heat transfer medium, and the normal-temperature inert particles 9 then enter the second particle storage tank 3 through the second particle valve 8. The incoming heat transfer medium acquires the cold energy of the inert particles 9 and is converted into a low-temperature state, and is used in other industrial links or returns to the fluidized bed heat exchange pipe 2 after transferring the cold energy to the required medium.

[0043] The contact heat exchange cold storage device provided by the present invention solves the defects of the existing solid phase cold storage method and improves the practicality of the solid phase cold storage method. The particle fluidization technology is used to greatly reduce the influence of the thermocline effect, solve the risks and problems caused by the breakage of solid particles, improve the efficiency of cold storage, and extend the service life of the equipment. The solid particles use their own gravity to directly contact the heat exchange fluid during the downward movement, which improves the heat exchange efficiency.

[0044] The present invention also provides an energy storage device, which includes the contact heat exchange and cold storage device described in any one of the above embodiments.

[0045] The present invention further provides a contact heat exchange cold storage method, which is based on the contact heat exchange cold storage device described in any one of the above embodiments, and includes: The inert particles 9 in the second particle storage tank 3 are conveyed to the first particle storage tank 1 by the particle conveyor 4; Inputting the gas phase heat transfer medium into the fluidized bed heat exchange pipe 2; The inert particles 9 in the first particle storage tank 1 are transported to the fluidized bed heat exchange pipe 2. The inert particles 9 move downward in the fluidized bed heat exchange pipe 2 by gravity and exchange heat with the gas phase heat transfer medium. The inert particles 9 after heat exchange with the gas phase heat transfer medium are input into the second particle storage tank 3 for storage.

[0046] In one embodiment of the present invention, while executing the step of transporting the inert particles 9 in the first particle storage tank 1 to the fluidized bed heat exchange pipe 2, the process further includes: The flow rate of the inert particles 9 is controlled by adjusting the opening of the first particle valve to control the temperature of the medium inlet and the medium outlet.

[0047] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A contact heat exchange and cold storage device, characterized in that: include: A fluidized bed heat exchange pipe (2), wherein a medium inlet and a particle outlet are provided at the lower end of the fluidized bed heat exchange pipe (2), and a medium outlet and a particle input port are provided at the upper end of the fluidized bed heat exchange pipe (2); a gas phase heat transfer medium flows into the fluidized bed heat exchange pipe (2) through the medium inlet and flows out through the medium outlet; a first particle storage tank (1), the first particle storage tank (1) being connected to the particle input port via a first connecting pipe, the first particle storage tank (1) being used to transport inert particles (9) into the fluidized bed heat exchange pipe (2) via the particle input port; the inert particles (9) moving downward in the fluidized bed heat exchange pipe (2) by gravity and exchanging heat with the gas phase heat transfer medium; a second particle storage tank (3), the second particle storage tank (3) being connected to the particle output port via a second connecting pipe, the second particle storage tank (3) being used to store the inert particles (9) after heat exchange with the gas phase heat transfer medium; A particle conveyor (4), the particle conveyor (4) being in communication with the first particle storage tank (1) and the second particle storage tank (3), the particle conveyor (4) being used to convey the inert particles (9) in the second particle storage tank (3) to the first particle storage tank (1).

2. The contact heat exchange cold storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: A particle distributor (5) is arranged at the upper part of the fluidized bed heat exchange pipe (2). The particle distributor (5) is connected to the first connecting pipe through the particle input port. The particle distributor (5) is used to uniformly input the inert particles (9) into the fluidized bed heat exchange pipe (2) so that the inert particles (9) fall uniformly in the fluidized bed heat exchange pipe (2).

3. The contact heat exchange and cold storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: An air intake uniform distributor (6) is arranged at the lower part of the fluidized bed heat exchange pipe (2), the air intake uniform distributor (6) is connected to the medium inlet, and the air intake uniform distributor (6) is used to evenly distribute the gas phase heat transfer medium in the fluidized bed heat exchange pipe (2).

4. The contact heat exchange and cold storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: A first particle valve (7) is arranged on the first connecting pipe, and the first particle valve (7) is used to control the opening and closing of the first connecting pipe, and to control the flow rate of the inert particles (9) flowing into the fluidized bed heat exchange pipe (2).

5. The contact heat exchange and cold storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: A second particle valve (8) is provided on the second connecting pipe, and the second particle valve (8) is used to control the opening and closing of the second connecting pipe, and to control the flow rate of the inert particles (9) flowing out of the fluidized bed heat exchange pipe (2).

6. The contact heat exchange cold storage device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The inert particles (9) are quartz sand particles or basalt particles, and the particle size of the inert particles (9) is 0.1 mm-10 mm.

7. The contact heat exchange cold storage device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The fluidized bed heat exchange pipe (2), the first particle storage tank (1) and the second particle storage tank (3) are all provided with a thermal insulation layer on the outside.

8. An energy storage device, characterized in that: The energy storage device comprises the contact heat exchange and cold storage device according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

9. A contact heat exchange cold storage method, the method being based on the contact heat exchange cold storage device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: include: The inert particles (9) in the second particle storage tank (3) are conveyed to the first particle storage tank (1) by a particle conveyor (4); Inputting a gas phase heat transfer medium into the fluidized bed heat exchange pipe (2); The inert particles (9) in the first particle storage tank (1) are transported into the fluidized bed heat exchange pipe (2), and the inert particles (9) move downward in the fluidized bed heat exchange pipe (2) by gravity and exchange heat with the gas phase heat transfer medium; The inert particles (9) after heat exchange with the gas phase heat transfer medium are input into the second particle storage tank (3) for storage.

10. The contact heat exchange and cold storage method according to claim 9, characterized in that: While executing the step of transporting the inert particles (9) in the first particle storage tank (1) into the fluidized bed heat exchange pipe (2), the method further includes: The flow rate of the inert particles (9) is controlled by adjusting the opening of the first particle valve to control the temperature of the medium inlet and the medium outlet.

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