Building construction measuring method

Abstract

The invention discloses a building construction measurement method, and relates to the technical field of building construction measurement, a measurement device module and an optical method are used to carry out field measurement on an object needing to be measured in building construction, and a data processing module is used to successively calculate and output a measurement length LH, a to-be-measured angle alpha and an irregular surface area K, the data processing module is used for comparing the irregular surface area K with a preset irregular surface area YK required by design based on the irregular surface area K, adjusting the measuring equipment module according to a comparison result, and comprises an object length measuring unit by using an optical means; according to the invention, by improving the measurement precision, improving the measurement efficiency, expanding the measurement range, simplifying the parameter adjustment and enhancing the optimization in the aspect of adaptability, the problems and defects in the prior art are effectively solved; and powerful support is provided for high-quality development of building construction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of building construction measurement, in particular to a building construction measurement method. Background Art

[0002] Construction measurement is a key link in ensuring project quality, safety and efficiency. Through precise measurement, it can ensure that the location, height, shape and size of the building meet the design requirements, thereby ensuring the stability and service life of the building. At the same time, measurement work can also provide an important basis for quality control, progress management and cost control during the construction process.

[0003] However, traditional measurement methods are limited by human operation and equipment accuracy factors, and their measurement accuracy is often difficult to meet the high standards required by construction. When faced with large areas and complex structures, traditional measurement methods require a lot of time and manpower, resulting in low measurement efficiency. Traditional measurement methods can often only measure objects of specific shapes and sizes, and the measurement effect is poor for irregular surfaces or complex structures. During the measurement process, once the parameters are set improperly or the equipment position shifts, it is necessary to measure and calibrate again, which increases the difficulty and cost of measurement. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a construction measurement method to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution, and the specific implementation method steps are as follows: Step I: using the measuring equipment module and an optical method to perform on-site measurement of objects required for construction; Step II, using the data processing module, according to the actual measurement of the object, sequentially calculate and output the measured length LH, the angle α to be measured, and the irregular surface area K; Step III, based on the irregular surface area K, the irregular surface area K is compared with the preset irregular surface area YK required by the design, and the measurement equipment module is adjusted according to the comparison result; Wherein, the data processing module includes a unit for measuring the length of an object by optical means, a unit for associating length and angle measurement, and a unit for accurately measuring the area of ​​an irregular surface; The equipment used in the measuring equipment module includes a laser rangefinder, an optical sensor, an optical scanning device, and a measuring auxiliary device; The equipment used by the data processing module includes data processing equipment.

[0006] Optionally, the calculation formula for measuring the length unit of the object by optical means is as follows: LH=[L×(M1-M2)] / [d×tan(θ)]; in: LH is the measurement length; L is the spacing, which reflects the distance between the optical measurement device module and the object being measured; M1 is the number of pulses when reflected from the front surface; M2 is the number of pulses when reflected from the rear surface; The pulse number M1 when the front surface is reflected and the pulse number M2 when the back surface is reflected respectively represent the pulse number when the light is reflected on the front and back surfaces of the measured object; d is the wavelength of the light pulse; θ is the incident angle of the light.

[0007] Optionally, the calculation formula of the length and angle measurement association unit is as follows: α=arcsin{[LH×sin(β)] / [X+LH×cos(β)]}; in: α is the angle to be measured; β is a preset angle, which reflects the preset and known angle required to be achieved at the beginning of the object design and related to the construction requirements, and is introduced into the calculation as a correction value of the light incident angle θ; X is the vertical distance, which reflects the vertical distance from the marked reference point set at the beginning of the object design and related to the construction requirements to the plane where the angle α needs to be measured.

[0008] Optionally, the calculation formula for accurately measuring the irregular surface area unit is as follows: ; in: K is the irregular surface area; n is the total number of measurement points; LH i is the length of the tiny line segment at the i-th point; LH i-1 is the length of the tiny line segment at the i-1th point; The length of the tiny line segment at point i, LH i and the length of the tiny line segment at point i-1, LH i-1 The length of two adjacent line segments reflecting the irregular surface of an object; X i is the X coordinate of the i-th point; Y i is the Y coordinate of the i-th point; The X coordinate of the i-th point i and the Y coordinate Y of the i-th point i Reflects the coordinates of the i-th point, that is, (X i , Yi ); X i+1 is the X coordinate of the i+1th point; Y i+1 is the Y coordinate of the i+1th point; The X coordinate of the i+1th point i+1 and the Y coordinate Y of the i+1th point i+1 Reflects the coordinates of the i-th point, that is, (X i+1 , Y i+1 ).

[0009] Optionally, the method for adjusting the irregular surface area YK based on the irregular surface area K and the preset and known irregular surface area YK that is required to be achieved at the beginning of the object design and the construction requirements is as follows: If the irregular surface area K is consistent with the preset irregular surface area YK, the measurement process is considered to have high accuracy and the current measurement method should be maintained; If the irregular surface area K cannot be consistent with the preset irregular surface area YK, it is considered that there is an error in the measurement process, and the specific adjustments are as follows: If the irregular surface area K is smaller than the preset irregular surface area YK, the incident angle θ of the light is increased to increase the propagation distance and the number of reflections of the light inside the object; If the irregular surface area K is larger than the preset irregular surface area YK, the light incident angle θ is reduced to reduce the propagation distance and reflection times of the light inside the object.

[0010] Optionally, based on the calculation formula for accurately measuring the irregular surface area unit; Among them, the length of the tiny line segment at point i is LH i and the length of the tiny line segment at point i-1, LH i-1 are calculated from the coordinates of adjacent points, and in order to avoid repeated calculations, (X i , Y i ) and (X i+1 , Y i+1 ) coordinates are not the length of the tiny line segment LH at the i-th point i and the length of the tiny line segment at point i-1, LH i-1 Corresponding coordinates used for calculation; The unit for accurately measuring the irregular surface area introduces the length and coordinate difference of each line segment into the calculation, that is, introduces the length LH of the tiny line segment at the i-th point i and the length of the tiny line segment at point i-1, LH i-1 , the X coordinate of the i-th point is X i and the Y coordinate Y of the i-th point i and the X coordinate of the i+1th point X i+1 and the Y coordinate Y of the i+1th point i+1 Perform calculations; In addition, the length of the tiny line segment at point i is LH i is through (X i-1 , Y i-1 ) and (X i , Y i ) is calculated, the length of the tiny line segment at point i-1 is LH i-1 is through (X i-1 , Y i-1 ) and (X i-2 , Y i-2 ) is calculated; The length of the tiny line segment at point i, LH i is through (X i-1 , Y i-1 ) and (X i , Y i ) is calculated, the length of the tiny line segment at point i-1 is LH i-1 is through (X i-1 , Y i-1 ) and (X i-2 , Y i-2 ) calculated.

[0011] Optionally, the length LH of the tiny line segment at the i-th point i The calculation formula is as follows: ; X i-1 is the X coordinate of point i-1; Y i-1 is the Y coordinate of the i-1th point; The X coordinate of the i-1th point i-1 and the Y coordinate Y of the i-1th point i-1 Reflects the coordinates of the i-1th point, that is, (X i-1 , Y i-1 ); The length of the tiny line segment at the i-1th point LH i-1 The calculation formula is as follows: ; X i-2 is the X coordinate of point i-2; Y i-2 is the Y coordinate of the i-2th point; X coordinate of point i-2 i-2 and the Y coordinate Y of the i-2th point i-2 Reflects the coordinates of the i-2th point, that is, (X i-2 , Y i-2 ).

[0012] Optionally, the laser rangefinder is used to measure the distance L; The optical sensor is used to record the number of pulses M1 when the front surface is reflected and the number of pulses M2 when the back surface is reflected; The optical scanning device is used to obtain the coordinate points (X i , Y i )、(X i+1 , Y i+1 )、(X i-1 , Y i-1 )、(X i-2 , Y i-2 ); The measurement auxiliary equipment includes a tripod and a calibration tool, which are used to assist in the installation and calibration of a laser rangefinder, an optical sensor, and an optical scanning device; The data processing equipment includes a computer and a dedicated data processing unit, which are used to receive measurement data and perform data processing and calculation.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The present invention uses high-precision optical measuring equipment and optical means to measure the length unit of the object, the length and angle measurement association unit, and the accurate measurement of the irregular surface area unit calculation, which can achieve accurate measurement of the measured length LH, the angle α required to be measured, and the irregular surface area K, thereby greatly improving the measurement accuracy. The optical measurement method can quickly obtain measurement data and calculate the results through formulas, thereby greatly improving the measurement efficiency. At the same time, the measuring equipment can be operated automatically to reduce labor costs.

[0014] Second, the optical measurement method of the present invention can be applied to objects of various shapes and sizes, especially for the measurement of irregular surfaces and complex structures, and has significant advantages. It can also measure the length LH of the tiny line segment at the i-th point on the irregular surface. i and the length of the tiny line segment at point i-1, LH i-1 , comprehensive introduction and detailed calculation are carried out, and the optical measurement method is not limited by the measurement environment light and temperature factors, and can be applied in various construction scenarios, thereby improving the flexibility and adaptability of the measurement.

[0015] 3. The present invention uses optical means to measure the interrelationship and cyclic influence of object length units, length and angle measurement correlation units, and precise measurement of irregular surface area units, so as to achieve real-time adjustment and optimization of measurement parameters, reduce measurement difficulty and cost, and at the same time, the measuring equipment has a self-calibration function, which can automatically adjust the position and angle of the equipment to ensure measurement accuracy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 This is the method flow chart of this building construction measurement method; Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the data processing module of the present invention; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the optical scanning device of the present invention acquiring the measured surface; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of comparison adjustment based on the irregular surface area K in the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0018] Regarding this construction measurement method, it is different from traditional measurement methods. The measurement accuracy of traditional measurement methods is often difficult to meet the high standards of construction, and the measurement efficiency is low. The measurement effect of irregular surfaces or complex structures is not good, and it does not have the ability to automatically correct cyclic effects. This algorithm unit effectively solves the problems and shortcomings of the existing technology by improving measurement accuracy, improving measurement efficiency, expanding measurement range, simplifying parameter adjustment, and enhancing adaptability. It provides strong support for the high-quality development of construction.

[0019] For example, see Figures 1 to 4 This implementation provides a construction measurement method, and the specific implementation steps are as follows: Step I: using the measuring equipment module and an optical method to perform on-site measurement of objects required for construction; Step II, using the data processing module, according to the actual measurement of the object, sequentially calculate and output the measured length LH, the angle α to be measured, and the irregular surface area K; Step III, based on the irregular surface area K, the irregular surface area K is compared with the preset irregular surface area YK required by the design, and the measurement equipment module is adjusted according to the comparison result; The data processing module includes a unit for measuring the length of an object using optical means, a unit for associating length and angle measurement, and a unit for accurately measuring the area of ​​an irregular surface; The equipment used in the measurement equipment module includes laser rangefinders, optical sensors, optical scanning equipment, and measurement auxiliary equipment; The equipment used by the data processing module includes data processing equipment; The laser rangefinder is used to measure the distance L; The optical sensor is used to record the number of pulses M1 when the front surface is reflected and the number of pulses M2 when the back surface is reflected; The optical scanning device is used to obtain the coordinate points (X i , Y i )、(X i+1 , Y i+1 )、(X i-1 , Y i-1 )、(X i-2 , Y i-2 ); Measurement auxiliary equipment includes tripods and calibration tools to assist in the installation and calibration of laser rangefinders, optical sensors, and optical scanning equipment; The data processing equipment includes a computer and a dedicated data processing unit, which is used to receive measurement data and perform data processing and calculation.

[0020] In this embodiment, the system forms a complete and accurate measurement system through the cooperation of three algorithm units, combining the three operation results of LH, α and K. Specifically, LH is the measured length. In construction, this usually involves the size measurement of wall, column and beam structural components. This value is calculated by measuring the number of pulses when the light is reflected on the front and back surfaces of the object to be measured, combining the wavelength of the light pulse, the incident angle of the light and the distance from the optical measuring device to the object to be measured. The length can be calculated with high precision, and this calculation result provides important data support for subsequent structural design, construction quality control and completion acceptance. α is the angle to be measured. This value can be calculated in combination with the measurement result from LH. The required angle value can be obtained. This calculation result is of great significance for guiding the angle adjustment during the construction process and ensuring the accurate installation of structural components. K is the area of ​​the irregular surface. This value uses optical scanning equipment to obtain the surface coordinate points, and combined with the length of the tiny line segment calculated by LH, it can realize the accurate measurement of the irregular surface area K. This calculation result is of great significance for evaluating the size and shape of the structural surface and for quality control. The calculation result of K can also affect the feedback to the calculation of LH and α, so that the three algorithms of this system have a high correlation and entanglement. This system not only improves the measurement accuracy and efficiency, but also provides strong support for quality control and progress management in the construction process.

[0021] See also Figures 1 to 4 , the calculation formula for measuring the length unit of an object using optical means is as follows: LH=[L×(M1-M2)] / [d×tan(θ)]; in: LH is the measurement length; L is the spacing, which reflects the distance between the optical measurement device module and the object being measured; M1 is the number of pulses when reflected from the front surface; M2 is the number of pulses when reflected from the rear surface; The pulse number M1 when the front surface is reflected and the pulse number M2 when the back surface is reflected respectively represent the pulse number when the light is reflected on the front and back surfaces of the measured object; d is the wavelength of the light pulse; θ is the incident angle of the light.

[0022] In this embodiment: first, the "L×(M1-M2)" calculation part in this algorithm unit calculates the physical distance corresponding to the difference in the number of pulses recorded by the optical sensor when the light is reflected on the front and back surfaces of the measured object. Since the time and distance of the light pulse propagating inside the object are proportional to the number of pulses, the length of the object can be calculated by measuring the difference in the number of pulses. This calculation part is an important part of calculating the measured length LH. The "d×tan(θ)" calculation part calculates the projection length of the light on the surface of the object, that is, the projection of the straight-line distance from the incident point to the reflection point / transmission point of the light on the surface of the object. This projection length is related to the incident angle of the light and the wavelength of the light pulse. This calculation part is used as a correction factor in the calculation of the measured length LH to convert the difference in the number of pulses into the actual physical distance, and by multiplying it with the "L×(M1-M2)" calculation part, the accurate length of the object in the direction of the light can be obtained; This algorithm unit uses optical principles to measure the number of pulses when light is reflected on the front and back surfaces of the measured object, and combines the wavelength of the light pulse and the incident angle θ of the light to calculate the high-precision length value. This measurement method is more accurate than traditional manual measurement and reduces human errors. The optical measuring device of this algorithm unit does not need to be in direct contact with the object being measured, thus avoiding measurement errors and damage to the object surface caused by contact. This is especially important for some fragile and easily deformed objects. In addition, the optical measuring device can quickly capture light reflection signals and achieve fast measurement, which greatly improves measurement efficiency and shortens the construction period. The unit for measuring the length of an object using optical means is not only suitable for measuring plane objects, but can also be used for measuring objects with complex shapes such as curved surfaces and inclined surfaces, which increases the flexibility and applicability of the measurement.

[0023] See also Figures 1 to 4 , the calculation formula of the length and angle measurement association unit is as follows: α=arcsin{[LH×sin(β)] / [X+LH×cos(β)]}; in: α is the angle to be measured; β is a preset angle, which reflects the preset and known angle required to be achieved at the beginning of the object design and related to the construction requirements, and is introduced into the calculation as a correction value of the light incident angle θ; X is the vertical distance, which reflects the vertical distance from the marked reference point set at the beginning of the object design and related to the construction requirements to the plane where the angle α needs to be measured.

[0024] In this embodiment, firstly, the two calculation parts "LH×sin(β)" and "LH×cos(β)" respectively calculate the vertical and horizontal components of the measuring length LH in the β angle direction. These components play a key role in the calculation of the angle α to be measured, because they reflect how the measuring length LH is projected relative to the reference plane / the plane where the angle β is located. These two calculation parts are one of the input parameters for calculating the angle α to be measured. By combining these components with the vertical distance X from the reference point to the plane where the measured angle is located, and using the inverse sine function arcsin, the angle α to be measured can be obtained. This algorithm uses the length and angle measurement association unit to convert the length measurement result into the angle value, thereby realizing the accurate measurement of the angle. This measurement method is more accurate than the traditional angle measurement tool and reduces the measurement error. The length and angle measurement correlation unit combines multiple measurement methods, including length measurement and vertical distance X measurement, which improves the reliability of the measurement results. Even if there is an error in one of the measurement methods, it can be corrected by other methods to ensure the accuracy of the final result; The length and angle measurement association unit enables simultaneous measurement of multiple angles, which greatly improves measurement efficiency. This is especially useful for construction scenarios that require measuring a large number of angles.

[0025] See also Figures 1 to 4 , the calculation formula for accurately measuring the irregular surface area unit is as follows: ; in: K is the irregular surface area; n is the total number of measurement points; LH i is the length of the tiny line segment at the i-th point; LH i-1 is the length of the tiny line segment at the i-1th point; The length of the tiny line segment at point i, LH i and the length of the tiny line segment at point i-1, LH i-1 The length of two adjacent line segments reflecting the irregular surface of an object; X i is the X coordinate of the i-th point; Y i is the Y coordinate of the i-th point; The X coordinate of the i-th point i and the Y coordinate Y of the i-th pointi Reflects the coordinates of the i-th point, that is, (X i , Y i ); X i+1 is the X coordinate of the i+1th point; Y i+1 is the Y coordinate of the i+1th point; The X coordinate of the i+1th point i+1 and the Y coordinate Y of the i+1th point i+1 Reflects the coordinates of the i-th point, that is, (X i+1 , Y i+1 ).

[0026] In this embodiment, the algorithm unit first " The calculation part calculates the area of ​​the triangle formed by two adjacent points and the origin / reference point. Here, a simplified form of Heron's formula is used, where the length of the two sides of the triangle is determined by the length of the tiny line segment at the i-th point, LH i and the length of the tiny line segment at point i-1, LH i-1 Given, and the angle between the two sides is implicitly represented by the difference in their coordinates. Since the area of ​​the irregular surface is being calculated, it is necessary to sum all such triangles. It is worth noting that 1 / 2 here is the standard coefficient in the formula for calculating the area of ​​a triangle, which comes from the geometric principle that the area of ​​a triangle is equal to the base multiplied by the height divided by 2. This calculation part is an important part of calculating the area K of the irregular surface. By summing the areas of all such triangles, the total area of ​​the entire irregular surface can be obtained. This area can be used as an indicator of the overall measurement accuracy and as a basis for adjusting parameters in subsequent measurements. This algorithm can accurately measure the irregular surface area K by accurately measuring the irregular surface area unit. This measurement method is more accurate than traditional area measurement tools and reduces measurement errors. The irregular surface area unit is suitable for measuring irregular surfaces of various shapes and sizes. Whether it is a plane or a curved surface, accurate measurement results can be obtained. Among them, the surface coordinate points obtained by optical scanning equipment can generate a three-dimensional model, making the measurement results more intuitive and easy to understand, which is of great significance for quality control and progress management during the construction process.

[0027] See also Figures 1 to 4 , the adjustment method of the preset irregular surface area YK based on the irregular surface area K and the preset and known preset irregular surface area YK related to the object design and construction requirements is as follows: If the irregular surface area K is consistent with the preset irregular surface area YK, the measurement process is considered to have high accuracy and the current measurement method should be maintained; If the irregular surface area K cannot be consistent with the preset irregular surface area YK, it is considered that there is an error in the measurement process, and the specific adjustments are as follows: If the irregular surface area K is smaller than the preset irregular surface area YK, the incident angle θ of the light is increased to increase the propagation distance and the number of reflections of the light inside the object; If the irregular surface area K is larger than the preset irregular surface area YK, the light incident angle θ is reduced to reduce the propagation distance and reflection times of the light inside the object.

[0028] In this embodiment, the area result calculated by accurately measuring the irregular surface area unit can be used as an indicator of the overall measurement accuracy. If the area result deviates greatly from the expectation, it is necessary to readjust the position and angle parameters of the measuring device. This feedback mechanism prompts the surveying personnel to continuously optimize the measurement process and improve the measurement accuracy. Through the feedback of accurately measuring the irregular surface area unit, the problems existing in the measurement process can be understood, which helps to adjust the measurement parameters in time, optimize the measurement process, and ensure the accuracy of the measurement results. Moreover, through the cyclic influence of accurately measuring the irregular surface area unit, the problems in the measurement process can be discovered and corrected more quickly, which reduces the number of repeated measurements and improves the measurement efficiency. At the same time, the optimized measurement process can more accurately guide the quality control and progress management in the construction process, thereby improving the overall construction efficiency. Specifically, by comparing the area K calculated by the irregular surface area unit with the preset area parameter, the embodiment can timely discover the deviation in the measurement, and make real-time corrections by adjusting the light incident angle θ. This real-time correction capability greatly improves the accuracy of the measurement, and each measurement and adjustment is an accumulation and optimization of the previous measurement results. As the number of measurements increases, the actual measurement results can be gradually approached, thereby further improving the accuracy of the measurement. The loop feedback mechanism not only improves the accuracy of measurement, but also enhances the reliability of measurement. By continuously adjusting the measurement parameters and equipment status, it can effectively reduce the errors in the measurement process. These errors come from the insufficient accuracy of the equipment, the interference of the measurement environment, and the surface characteristics of the measured object. The loop feedback mechanism reduces these errors to a minimum through continuous correction and adjustment. Under the loop feedback mechanism, the settings of the measurement equipment and parameters will go through multiple iterations and optimizations. This optimization process makes the measurement equipment and parameters more stable, thereby improving the reliability of the measurement. The loop feedback mechanism can also optimize the measurement efficiency. By comparing the irregular surface area K with the preset irregular surface area YK, it can quickly locate the problems in the measurement process. This rapid positioning capability can quickly take measures to correct them, thereby avoiding unnecessary repeated measurements and wasting time. Under the loop feedback mechanism, by constantly adjusting and optimizing the measurement parameters and equipment status, each measurement is made as accurate as possible, so that the number of measurements can be reduced, thereby improving the measurement efficiency. The loop feedback mechanism also has a positive impact on the performance of the measuring equipment. During the loop feedback process, the measuring equipment needs to be recalibrated. This calibration process not only improves the accuracy and stability of the equipment, but also extends the service life of the equipment. By continuously adjusting and optimizing the light incident angle θ, the best combination of measurement parameters can be found. This optimization process enables the measuring equipment to work in the best state, thereby improving the performance of the equipment. In summary, the close combination of optical means to measure the length unit of objects, the length and angle measurement correlation unit, the precise measurement unit of irregular surface area and the circular feedback mechanism of related parameters has shown many benefits in the optical measurement process. It improves the accuracy and reliability of measurement, optimizes the measurement efficiency, and improves the performance of the measuring equipment. This mechanism is of great significance for ensuring the high precision and reliability of optical measurement. The optical means to measure the length unit of objects, the length and angle measurement correlation unit and the precise measurement unit of irregular surface area are interrelated and cyclically influenced, forming an efficient and accurate measurement system. This measurement system not only improves the measurement accuracy and efficiency, but also enhances the flexibility and applicability of measurement, and provides strong support for quality control and progress management in the construction process.

[0029] For example 2, please refer to Figures 1 to 4 , based on a calculation formula for accurately measuring the area unit of irregular surfaces; Among them, the length of the tiny line segment at point i is LH i and the length of the tiny line segment at point i-1, LH i-1 are calculated from the coordinates of adjacent points, and in order to avoid repeated calculations, (X i , Y i ) and (X i+1 , Y i+1 ) coordinates are not the length of the tiny line segment LH at the i-th point i and the length of the tiny line segment at point i-1, LH i-1 Corresponding coordinates used for calculation; The unit for accurately measuring the irregular surface area introduces the length and coordinate difference of each line segment into the calculation, that is, introduces the length LH of the tiny line segment at the i-th point i and the length of the tiny line segment at point i-1, LH i-1, the X coordinate of the i-th point is X i and the Y coordinate Y of the i-th point i and the X coordinate of the i+1th point X i+1 and the Y coordinate Y of the i+1th point i+1 Perform calculations; In addition, the length of the tiny line segment at point i is LH i is through (X i-1 , Y i-1 ) and (X i , Y i ) is calculated, the length of the tiny line segment at point i-1 is LH i-1 is through (X i-1 , Y i-1 ) and (X i-2 , Y i-2 ) is calculated; The length of the tiny line segment at point i, LH i The calculation formula is as follows: ; X i-1 is the X coordinate of point i-1; Y i-1 is the Y coordinate of the i-1th point; The X coordinate of the i-1th point i-1 and the Y coordinate Y of the i-1th point i-1 Reflects the coordinates of the i-1th point, that is, (X i-1 , Y i-1 ); The length of the tiny line segment at point i-1 is LH i-1 The calculation formula is as follows: ; X i-2 is the X coordinate of point i-2; Y i-2 is the Y coordinate of the i-2th point; X coordinate of point i-2 i-2 and the Y coordinate Y of the i-2th point i-2 Reflects the coordinates of the i-2th point, that is, (X i-2 , Y i-2 ).

[0030] In this embodiment, when measuring an irregular surface, it is necessary to continuously measure along the contour line of the surface, and the length LH of the tiny line segment at the i-th point is i and the length of the tiny line segment at point i-1, LH i-1It represents the length of the line segment between two adjacent points. This choice ensures the continuity of the measurement, and then the area of ​​the entire surface can be gradually accumulated. The irregular surface area K in the unit of accurate measurement of irregular surface area is calculated by accumulating the length of all tiny line segments and the coordinate difference between adjacent points. The length of the tiny line segment LH at the i-th point is selected. i and the length of the tiny line segment at point i-1, LH i-1 As input, they represent the direct distance between two adjacent points, which is necessary to calculate the area; During the optical scanning process, the scanning device will obtain the coordinate points of the surface in a certain order. These points are usually arranged in the order of the scanning path. Therefore, the selection (X i , Y i ) and (X i+1 , Y i+1 ) as the coordinates of adjacent points is based on the order in which the scanning device obtains the coordinate points. When calculating the area, it is necessary to know the horizontal and vertical distances between adjacent points. More generally, it is the straight-line distance between two points and the direction between them. By selecting (X i , Y i ) and (X i+1 , Y i+1 ), we can calculate the straight-line distance between the two points and use this distance and the coordinate difference between the two points to calculate the area; It is worth noting that the accurate measurement of irregular surface area unit is a cumulative algorithm, which relies on the line segment length and coordinate difference between adjacent points to calculate the area. Therefore, it is necessary to select the adjacent i-th point tiny line segment length LH i and the length of the tiny line segment at point i-1, LH i-1 and the coordinates of the adjacent points (X i , Y i ) and (X i+1 , Y i+1 ) as input. This selection is not one-to-one, but is based on the needs of the algorithm and the purpose of the calculation. If one-to-one corresponding points are selected, the line segment length and coordinate difference between adjacent points cannot be calculated, because this will lead to repeated calculations and omissions of some parts. By selecting the i-th point tiny line segment length LH i and the length of the tiny line segment at point i-1, LH i-1 and (X i , Y i ) and (X i+1 , Y i+1 ), which ensures that every point is correctly accounted for and that every line segment length and coordinate difference is correctly calculated; In summary, the selection of the unit for accurately measuring the area of ​​irregular surfaces is determined based on the needs of the algorithm and the purpose of the calculation. The length of the tiny line segment at the i-th point LH i and the length of the tiny line segment at point i-1, LH i-1 represents the length of the line segment between two adjacent points, and (X i , Y i ) and (X i+1 , Y i+1 ) represents the coordinates of adjacent points. This choice ensures the continuity and cumulative effect of measurement and can ensure that the area of ​​irregular surfaces can be accurately calculated.

[0031] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A construction measurement method, characterized in that: The specific implementation steps are as follows: Step I: using the measuring equipment module and an optical method to perform on-site measurement of objects required for construction; Step II, using the data processing module, according to the actual measurement of the object, sequentially calculate and output the measured length LH, the angle α to be measured, and the irregular surface area K; Wherein, the data processing module includes a unit for measuring the length of an object by optical means, a unit for associating length and angle measurement, and a unit for accurately measuring the area of ​​an irregular surface; The calculation formula for measuring the length unit of an object using optical means is as follows: LH=[L×(M1-M2)] / [d×tan(θ)]; in: LH is the measurement length; L is the spacing, which reflects the distance between the optical measurement device module and the object being measured; M1 is the number of pulses when reflected from the front surface; M2 is the number of pulses when reflected from the rear surface; The pulse number M1 when the front surface is reflected and the pulse number M2 when the back surface is reflected respectively represent the pulse number when the light is reflected on the front and back surfaces of the measured object; d is the wavelength of the light pulse; θ is the incident angle of the light; The calculation formula of the length and angle measurement association unit is as follows: α=arcsin{[LH×sin(β)] / [X+LH×cos(β)]}; in: α is the angle to be measured; β is a preset angle, which reflects the preset and known angle required to be achieved at the beginning of the object design and related to the construction requirements, and is introduced into the calculation as a correction value of the light incident angle θ; X is the vertical distance, which reflects the vertical distance from the reference point set at the beginning of the object design and the construction requirements to the plane where the angle α needs to be measured; The calculation formula for accurately measuring the irregular surface area unit is as follows: ； in: K is the irregular surface area; n is the total number of measurement points; LH i is the length of the tiny line segment at the i-th point; LH i-1 is the length of the tiny line segment at the i-1th point; The length of the tiny line segment at point i, LH i and the length of the tiny line segment at point i-1, LH i-1 The length of two adjacent line segments reflecting the irregular surface of an object; X i is the X coordinate of the i-th point; Y i is the Y coordinate of the i-th point; The X coordinate of the i-th point i and the Y coordinate Y of the i-th point i Reflects the coordinates of the i-th point, that is, (X i , Y i ); X i+1 is the X coordinate of the i+1th point; Y i+1 is the Y coordinate of the i+1th point; The X coordinate of the i+1th point i+1 and the Y coordinate Y of the i+1th point i+1 Reflects the coordinates of the i-th point, that is, (X i+1 , Y i+1 ); Step III: Based on the irregular surface area K, the irregular surface area K is compared with the preset irregular surface area YK required by the design, and the measurement equipment module is adjusted according to the comparison result. The adjustment process is as follows: If the irregular surface area K is consistent with the preset irregular surface area YK, the measurement process is considered to have high accuracy and the current measurement method should be maintained; If the irregular surface area K cannot be consistent with the preset irregular surface area YK, it is considered that there is an error in the measurement process, and the specific adjustments are as follows: If the irregular surface area K is smaller than the preset irregular surface area YK, the incident angle θ of the light is increased to increase the propagation distance and the number of reflections of the light inside the object; If the irregular surface area K is larger than the preset irregular surface area YK, the light incident angle θ is reduced to reduce the propagation distance and reflection times of the light inside the object.

2. A construction measurement method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The equipment used by the measuring equipment module includes a laser rangefinder, an optical sensor, an optical scanning device, and a measuring auxiliary device. The equipment used by the data processing module includes a data processing device.

3. A construction measurement method according to claim 2, characterized in that: Based on the calculation formula for accurately measuring the irregular surface area unit; Among them, the length of the tiny line segment at point i is LH i and the length of the tiny line segment at point i-1, LH i-1 are calculated from the coordinates of adjacent points, and in order to avoid repeated calculations, (X i , Y i ) and (X i+1 , Y i+1 ) coordinates are not the length of the tiny line segment LH at the i-th point i and the length of the tiny line segment at point i-1, LH i-1 Corresponding coordinates used for calculations; The unit for accurately measuring the irregular surface area introduces the length and coordinate difference of each line segment into the calculation, that is, introduces the length LH of the tiny line segment at the i-th point i and the length of the tiny line segment at point i-1, LH i-1 , the X coordinate of the i-th point is X i and the Y coordinate Y of the i-th point i And the X coordinate of the i+1th point X i+1 and the Y coordinate Y of the i+1th point i+1 Perform calculations; In addition, the length of the tiny line segment at point i is LH i is through (X i-1 , Y i-1 ) and (X i , Y i ) is calculated, the length of the tiny line segment at point i-1 is LH i-1 is through (X i-1 , Y i-1 ) and (X i-2 , Y i-2 ) calculated.

4. A construction measurement method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The length of the tiny line segment at the i-th point LH i The calculation formula is as follows: ； X i-1 is the X coordinate of point i-1; Y i-1 is the Y coordinate of the i-1th point; The X coordinate of the i-1th point i-1 and the Y coordinate Y of the i-1th point i-1 Reflects the coordinates of the i-1th point, that is, (X i-1 , Y i-1 ); The length of the tiny line segment at the i-1th point LH i-1 The calculation formula is as follows: ； X i-2 is the X coordinate of point i-2; Y i-2 is the Y coordinate of the i-2th point; X coordinate of point i-2 i-2 and the Y coordinate Y of the i-2th point i-2 Reflects the coordinates of the i-2th point, that is, (X i-2 , Y i-2 ).

5. A construction measurement method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The laser rangefinder is used to measure the distance L; The optical sensor is used to record the number of pulses M1 when the front surface is reflected and the number of pulses M2 when the back surface is reflected; The optical scanning device is used to obtain the coordinate points (X i , Y i )、(X i+1 , Y i+1 )、(X i-1 , Y i-1 )、(X i-2 , Y i-2 ); The measurement auxiliary equipment includes a tripod and a calibration tool, which are used to assist in the installation and calibration of a laser rangefinder, an optical sensor, and an optical scanning device; The data processing equipment includes a computer and a dedicated data processing unit, which are used to receive measurement data and perform data processing and calculation.

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