Pretreatment device for straw biomass raw materials

Abstract

The invention discloses a pretreatment device for straw type biomass raw materials, and relates to the technical field of straw type raw material smashing, and the technical scheme is that the pretreatment device comprises a base, a limiting groove and two supporting frames are fixedly arranged at the top of the base, a protection cover is fixedly arranged between the two supporting frames, and a plurality of rib plates are fixedly arranged in the protection cover; a crushing cavity is fixedly formed in the protection cover, a feeding opening is fixedly formed in the top of the crushing cavity, two blanking holes are formed in the bottom of the feeding opening, and an extrusion cylinder is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the feeding opening. And a transverse plate moves to enable a connecting shaft to drive an extrusion column to longitudinally move back and forth through a vertical plate, the straw falling into an extrusion caking cavity is extruded and caked, the crushed straw is extruded and caked in time, and the situation of blockage caused by excessive crushed straw accumulation is prevented.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of straw raw material crushing, and in particular to a pretreatment device for straw biomass raw materials. Background Art

[0002] Biomass energy, as a renewable and clean energy, has good development prospects. my country is rich in natural cellulose raw materials. With the improvement of agricultural living standards and changes in lifestyles, the demand for straw in rural areas has greatly decreased. Straw, which was previously used in daily life, is now used for burning, which not only wastes resources but also pollutes the environment.

[0003] For example, the publication number: CN221381846U discloses a straw crushing and briquetting device, which relates to the technical field of straw processing equipment. The present invention includes a base, a compression chamber, a crushing chamber and a feeding port, the crushing chamber is fixedly connected to the feeding port, the crushing chamber includes an upper crushing barrel and a lower crushing barrel, a rotating shaft is arranged inside the upper crushing barrel, and a plurality of cutting knives are fixedly connected to the side of the rotating shaft, a driving motor is arranged outside the upper crushing barrel, and a motor shaft is rotatably connected to one side of the driving motor, one end of the motor shaft passes through the upper crushing barrel and is fixedly connected to one end of the rotating shaft, and a driving gear is fixedly connected to the side of the motor shaft. The present invention allows the staff to put the straw into the feeding port and enter the crushing chamber. After two crushing and filtering, the straw can be crushed more evenly. After the crushing is completed, the straw fragments can directly enter the compression chamber and automatically integrate. After the straw fragments are processed and extruded, the straw blocks are squeezed and pushed out into the collecting tank. The structure is simple and the processing efficiency is greatly improved.

[0004] In the above patent, the crushed straw is squeezed into blocks after being crushed. The crushed straw is in an expanded state and is prone to blockage if not squeezed in time. Therefore, a pretreatment device for straw biomass raw materials is needed, which can gradually squeeze and agglomerate the crushed straw while crushing the straw. Summary of the invention

[0005] To this end, the present invention provides a pretreatment device for straw-based biomass raw materials, which uses a pretreatment mechanism to solve the problem that the crushed straw is in an expanded state and is prone to blockage if not squeezed in time.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a pretreatment device for straw-based biomass raw materials, comprising a base, a limit groove and two support frames are fixedly provided on the top of the base, a protective cover is fixedly provided between the two support frames, a plurality of ribs are fixedly provided inside the protective cover, a crushing chamber is fixedly provided inside the protective cover, a feeding port is fixedly provided on the top of the crushing chamber, two material dropping holes are provided at the bottom of the feeding port, an extrusion cylinder is fixedly provided at the bottom of the feeding port, material dropping channels are fixedly provided on both sides of the extrusion cylinder, obstacle avoidance grooves are provided on both sides of the extrusion cylinder, an extrusion agglomeration chamber is provided at the bottom of the extrusion cylinder, and a pretreatment mechanism is provided inside the protective cover;

[0007] The pretreatment mechanism includes a rotating shaft, a driving gear is sleeved on the outside of the rotating shaft, a pretreatment component is provided at the bottom of the driving gear, the pretreatment component includes a briquetting unit and two crushing units, the crushing unit includes two gears, a transmission shaft is fixedly inserted inside the two gears, a plurality of crushing rollers are fixedly sleeved on the outside of the transmission shaft, and a fixing column is fixedly provided on one side of the two gears.

[0008] Preferably, the pressing block unit includes two pressing block components, and the pressing block components include a horizontal plate, which is arranged between two rib plates and slidably connected to the two rib plates, a horizontal groove is opened inside the horizontal plate, a vertical plate is fixedly provided at the bottom of the horizontal plate, a connecting shaft is fixedly provided between the two vertical plates, and an extrusion column is fixedly provided inside the connecting shaft.

[0009] Preferably, two crushing limiting blocks are fixedly provided inside the crushing chamber, a diverter block is fixedly provided inside the crushing chamber, and two material dropping holes are opened at the bottom of the crushing chamber, and both of the two material dropping holes are connected to the material dropping channel.

[0010] Preferably, the extrusion agglomeration chamber is arranged at the bottom of the extrusion cylinder and contacts the bottom of the extrusion cylinder, and the extrusion agglomeration chamber is arranged inside the limiting groove and is slidably connected to the limiting groove.

[0011] Preferably, a motor is fixedly provided on one side of the protective cover, and an output end of the motor is fixedly connected to one end of the rotating shaft.

[0012] Preferably, the rotating shaft passes through one side wall of the protective cover and is connected to the one side wall of the protective cover through a bearing, the other end of the rotating shaft is connected to the one side wall of the crushing chamber through a bearing, the rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the driving gear, the driving gear is fixedly connected to one of the gears, and the two gears are meshed.

[0013] Preferably, the transmission shaft passes through both side walls of the crushing chamber and is connected to both side walls of the crushing chamber through bearings.

[0014] Preferably, the fixing column extends into the transverse groove and is fixedly connected to the transverse groove.

[0015] Preferably, the connecting shaft passes through the two obstacle avoidance grooves and is slidably connected to the two obstacle avoidance grooves.

[0016] Preferably, the extrusion column is arranged inside the extrusion cylinder and is slidably connected to the extrusion cylinder.

[0017] The embodiments of the present invention have the following advantages:

[0018] 1. The rotation of the gear drives another meshing gear to rotate relatively, thereby driving the two sets of crushing rollers to rotate relatively through the transmission shaft to crush the straw. The crushing limit block allows the straw to pass only between the two crushing rollers to prevent the uncrushed straw from appearing. The crushed straw falls on the diverter block, and the slope of the diverter block allows the crushed straw to slide to the drop hole, and then falls into the extrusion cylinder through the drop hole and the drop channel, and then falls into the extrusion agglomeration chamber, which is convenient for subsequent extrusion and agglomeration;

[0019] 2. The cooperation between the fixed column and the horizontal groove enables the horizontal plate to move back and forth longitudinally. The movement of the horizontal plate through the vertical plate enables the connecting shaft to drive the extrusion column to move back and forth longitudinally, so as to extrude and agglomerate the straw falling into the extrusion and agglomeration chamber, and to extrude and agglomerate the crushed straw in time to prevent the crushed straw from accumulating too much and causing blockage. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the implementation of the present invention or the technical solution in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for the implementation or the prior art description. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only exemplary, and for ordinary technicians in this field, other implementation drawings can be derived from the provided drawings without creative work.

[0021] The structures, proportions, sizes, etc. illustrated in this specification are only used to match the contents disclosed in the specification so as to facilitate understanding and reading by persons familiar with the technology. They are not used to limit the conditions under which the present invention can be implemented, and therefore have no substantial technical significance. Any structural modification, change in proportion or adjustment of size shall still fall within the scope of the technical contents disclosed in the present invention without affecting the effects and purposes that can be achieved by the present invention.

[0022] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure provided by the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 A main stereogram provided by the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 A front view partially cutaway stereogram provided by the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4A front and cross-sectional stereoscopic diagram of the pretreatment mechanism provided by the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 A front view and a partially cutaway stereoscopic view of the pretreatment mechanism provided by the present invention;

[0027] Figure 6 This is an exploded stereogram of the pretreatment mechanism provided by the present invention.

[0028] In the figure: 1 base, 2 support frame, 3 protection cover, 4 rib plate, 5 crushing chamber, 6 feeding port, 7 drop hole, 8 extrusion cylinder, 9 drop channel, 10 obstacle avoidance groove, 11 extrusion agglomeration chamber, 12 limit groove, 13 crushing limit block, 14 diverter block, 15 motor, 16 rotating shaft, 17 driving gear, 18 gear, 19 transmission shaft, 20 crushing roller, 21 fixed column, 22 horizontal plate, 23 horizontal groove, 24 vertical plate, 25 connecting shaft, 26 extrusion column. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The following is a description of the implementation of the present invention by specific embodiments. People familiar with the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the contents disclosed in this specification. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] Refer to the attached Figure 1 -Attached Figure 6 The present invention provides a pretreatment device for straw biomass raw materials, comprising a base 1, a limiting groove 12 and two support frames 2 are fixedly provided on the top of the base 1, a protective cover 3 is fixedly provided between the two support frames 2, a plurality of ribs 4 are fixedly provided inside the protective cover 3, a crushing chamber 5 is fixedly provided inside the protective cover 3, a feeding port 6 is fixedly provided on the top of the crushing chamber 5, two material dropping holes 7 are provided at the bottom of the feeding port 6, an extrusion cylinder 8 is fixedly provided at the bottom of the feeding port 6, material dropping channels 9 are fixedly provided on both sides of the extrusion cylinder 8, obstacle avoidance grooves 10 are provided on both sides of the extrusion cylinder 8, an extrusion agglomeration chamber 11 is provided at the bottom of the extrusion cylinder 8, and a pretreatment mechanism is provided inside the protective cover 3;

[0031] The pre-processing mechanism includes a rotating shaft 16, a driving gear 17 is sleeved on the outside of the rotating shaft 16, a pre-processing assembly is arranged at the bottom of the driving gear 17, the pre-processing assembly includes a briquetting unit and two crushing units, the crushing unit includes two gears 18, a transmission shaft 19 is fixedly inserted inside the two gears 18, a plurality of crushing rollers 20 are fixedly sleeved on the outside of the transmission shaft 19, and a fixing column 21 is fixedly arranged on one side of the two gears 18;

[0032] In this embodiment, in order to achieve the purpose of timely extrusion of the crushed straw and prevent blockage due to the expansion of the straw, the gear 18 is rotated to drive another meshing gear 18 to rotate relatively, so that the two sets of crushing rollers 20 are driven to rotate relatively through the transmission shaft 19 to crush the straw. The crushing limiting block 13 allows the straw to pass only between the two crushing rollers 20 to prevent the uncrushed straw from appearing. The crushed straw falls on the diverter block 14, and the slope of the diverter block 14 allows the crushed straw to slide to the drop hole 7, and then falls into the extrusion cylinder 8 through the drop hole 7 and the drop channel 9, and then falls into the extrusion agglomeration chamber 11, so as to facilitate the subsequent extrusion and agglomeration through the briquetting unit.

[0033] In order to achieve the purpose of driving the briquetting unit to work synchronously while crushing, the device adopts the following technical solutions: the briquetting unit includes two briquetting components, the briquetting components include a horizontal plate 22, the horizontal plate 22 is arranged between the two ribs 4 and is slidably connected to the two ribs 4, a horizontal groove 23 is opened inside the horizontal plate 22, a vertical plate 24 is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the horizontal plate 22, a connecting shaft 25 is fixedly arranged between the two vertical plates 24, an extrusion column 26 is fixedly arranged inside the connecting shaft 25, a fixed column 21 extends into the horizontal groove 23 and is fixedly connected to the horizontal groove 23, and the connecting shaft 25 penetrates The extrusion column 26 passes through two obstacle avoidance grooves 10 and is slidably connected to the two obstacle avoidance grooves 10. The extrusion column 26 is arranged inside the extrusion cylinder 8 and is slidably connected to the extrusion cylinder 8. When the gear 18 rotates, the fixed column 21 is driven to rotate. When the fixed column 21 rotates, it cooperates with the horizontal groove 23 to make the horizontal plate 22 move back and forth longitudinally. The horizontal plate 22 moves through the vertical plate 24 so that the connecting shaft 25 drives the extrusion column 26 to move back and forth longitudinally, and the straw falling into the extrusion agglomeration chamber 11 is extruded and agglomerated. The crushed straw is extruded and agglomerated in time to prevent the crushed straw from accumulating too much and causing blockage;

[0034] Among them, in order to achieve the purpose of improving the crushing effect, the device adopts the following technical solutions: two crushing limiting blocks 13 are fixedly provided inside the crushing chamber 5, a diverter block 14 is fixedly provided inside the crushing chamber 5, two drop holes 7 are opened at the bottom of the crushing chamber 5, and the two drop holes 7 are connected to the drop channel 9. The crushing limiting blocks 13 allow the straw to pass only between the two crushing rollers 20 to prevent the uncrushed straw from appearing. The crushed straw falls on the diverter block 14, and the crushed straw slides to the drop hole 7 through the slope of the diverter block 14, and falls into the extrusion cylinder 8 through the drop hole 7 and the drop channel 9, and then falls into the extrusion agglomeration chamber 11;

[0035] Among them, in order to facilitate the removal of agglomerated straw, the device adopts the following technical solutions: the extrusion agglomeration chamber 11 is arranged at the bottom of the extrusion cylinder 8 and contacts the bottom of the extrusion cylinder 8, the extrusion agglomeration chamber 11 is arranged inside the limiting groove 12 and is slidably connected to the limiting groove 12, and after the straw is extruded and agglomerated inside the extrusion agglomeration chamber 11 by the extrusion column 26, the extrusion agglomeration chamber 11 is pulled out from the limiting groove 12, and the agglomerated straw can be taken out, and at the same time, the extrusion agglomeration chamber 11 is open up and down, which is convenient for the subsequent removal of the agglomerated straw from the extrusion agglomeration chamber 11;

[0036] Among them, in order to achieve the purpose of synchronous operation of the crushing unit and the briquetting unit, the present device adopts the following technical solutions: a motor 15 is fixedly provided on one side of the protective cover 3, the output end of the motor 15 is fixedly connected to one end of the rotating shaft 16, the rotating shaft 16 passes through one side wall of the protective cover 3 and is connected to one side wall of the protective cover 3 through a bearing, the other end of the rotating shaft 16 is connected to one side wall of the crushing chamber 5 through a bearing, the rotating shaft 16 is fixedly connected to the driving gear 17, the driving gear 17 is fixedly connected to one of the gears 18, the two gears 18 are meshed, the transmission shaft 19 passes through the two side walls of the crushing chamber 5 and is connected to the two side walls of the crushing chamber 5 through bearings, the motor 15 is started to rotate counterclockwise, and the motor 15 rotates through the rotating shaft 16 so that the driving gear 17 drives the connected gears The wheel 18 rotates, and the gear 18 rotates to drive another meshing gear 18 to rotate relatively, thereby driving the two sets of crushing rollers 20 to rotate relatively through the transmission shaft 19 to crush the straw. The crushed straw falls on the diverter block 14, and the crushed straw slides to the drop hole 7 through the slope of the diverter block 14, and falls into the extrusion cylinder 8 through the drop hole 7 and the drop channel 9, and then falls into the extrusion agglomeration chamber 11. At the same time, when the gear 18 rotates, it drives the fixed column 21 to rotate, and the cross plate 22 moves back and forth longitudinally through the cooperation between the fixed column 21 and the cross groove 23. The cross plate 22 moves through the vertical plate 24, so that the connecting shaft 25 drives the extrusion column 26 to move back and forth longitudinally, and the straw falling into the extrusion agglomeration chamber 11 is extruded and agglomerated.

[0037] The use process of the present invention is as follows: when using the present invention, an external power source is connected, and the straw raw material is placed in the crushing chamber 5 through the feeding port 6, and the motor 15 is started to rotate counterclockwise. The motor 15 rotates through the rotating shaft 16 to make the driving gear 17 drive the connected gear 18 to rotate, and the rotation of the gear 18 drives another meshing gear 18 to rotate relatively, thereby driving the two sets of crushing rollers 20 to rotate relatively through the transmission shaft 19 to crush the straw. The crushing limiting block 13 allows the straw to pass only between the two crushing rollers 20 to prevent the occurrence of uncrushed straw. The crushed straw falls on the diverter block 14, and the crushed straw slides to the drop hole 7 through the slope of the diverter block 14, and passes through the drop hole 7 and the drop channel. 9 falls into the extrusion cylinder 8, and then falls into the extrusion agglomeration chamber 11. At the same time, when the gear 18 rotates, it drives the fixed column 21 to rotate. Through the cooperation of the fixed column 21 and the horizontal groove 23, the horizontal plate 22 moves back and forth longitudinally. The horizontal plate 22 moves through the vertical plate 24 so that the connecting shaft 25 drives the extrusion column 26 to move back and forth longitudinally, and the straw falling into the extrusion agglomeration chamber 11 is extruded and agglomerated. The crushed straw is extruded and agglomerated in time to prevent the crushed straw from accumulating too much and causing blockage. At the same time, through the up and down stroke of the fixed column 21, the up and down moving distance of the extrusion column 26 is controlled to prevent the straw from falling above the extrusion column 26, to prevent interference with the return stroke of the extrusion column 26, and to improve the stability during use.

[0038] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention. Any person skilled in the art may modify the present invention by using the above technical solutions or modify it into an equivalent technical solution. Therefore, any simple modification or equivalent replacement made according to the technical solution of the present invention shall fall within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

Claims

1. A pretreatment device for straw-based biomass raw materials, comprising a base (1), characterized in that: The top of the base (1) is fixedly provided with a limit groove (12) and two support frames (2); a protective cover (3) is fixedly provided between the two support frames (2); a plurality of ribs (4) are fixedly provided inside the protective cover (3); a crushing chamber (5) is fixedly provided inside the protective cover (3); a feeding port (6) is fixedly provided on the top of the crushing chamber (5); two material drop holes (7) are provided at the bottom of the feeding port (6); an extrusion cylinder (8) is fixedly provided at the bottom of the feeding port (6); material drop channels (9) are fixedly provided on both sides of the extrusion cylinder (8); obstacle avoidance grooves (10) are provided on both sides of the extrusion cylinder (8); an extrusion agglomeration chamber (11) is provided at the bottom of the extrusion cylinder (8); and a pretreatment mechanism is provided inside the protective cover (3); The pretreatment mechanism comprises a rotating shaft (16), the rotating shaft (16) is sleeved with a driving gear (17) on the outside, a pretreatment component is provided at the bottom of the driving gear (17), the pretreatment component comprises a briquetting unit and two crushing units, the crushing unit comprises two gears (18), a transmission shaft (19) is fixedly inserted inside the two gears (18), a plurality of crushing rollers (20) are fixedly sleeved on the outside of the transmission shaft (19), and a fixing column (21) is fixedly provided on one side of the two gears (18).

2. A pretreatment device for straw-based biomass raw materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressing block unit comprises two pressing block components, and the pressing block components comprise a transverse plate (22), wherein the transverse plate (22) is arranged between two rib plates (4) and is slidably connected to the two rib plates (4), a transverse groove (23) is provided inside the transverse plate (22), a vertical plate (24) is fixedly provided at the bottom of the transverse plate (22), a connecting shaft (25) is fixedly provided between the two vertical plates (24), and an extrusion column (26) is fixedly provided inside the connecting shaft (25).

3. The pretreatment device for straw-based biomass raw materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two crushing limiting blocks (13) are fixedly arranged inside the crushing chamber (5), a diverter block (14) is fixedly arranged inside the crushing chamber (5), and two material dropping holes (7) are provided at the bottom of the crushing chamber (5), and both of the two material dropping holes (7) are connected to the material dropping channel (9).

4. The pretreatment device for straw-based biomass raw materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The extrusion agglomeration chamber (11) is arranged at the bottom of the extrusion cylinder (8) and is in contact with the bottom of the extrusion cylinder (8); the extrusion agglomeration chamber (11) is arranged inside the limiting groove (12) and is slidably connected to the limiting groove (12).

5. The pretreatment device for straw-based biomass raw materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: A motor (15) is fixedly provided on one side of the protective cover (3), and an output end of the motor (15) is fixedly connected to one end of a rotating shaft (16).

6. The pretreatment device for straw-based biomass raw materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating shaft (16) passes through a side wall of the protective cover (3) and is connected to the side wall of the protective cover (3) via a bearing. The other end of the rotating shaft (16) is connected to a side wall of the pulverizing chamber (5) via a bearing. The rotating shaft (16) is fixedly connected to a driving gear (17). The driving gear (17) is fixedly connected to one of the gears (18). The two gears (18) are meshed with each other.

7. The pretreatment device for straw-based biomass raw materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmission shaft (19) passes through the two side walls of the pulverizing chamber (5) and is connected to the two side walls of the pulverizing chamber (5) via bearings.

8. The pretreatment device for straw-based biomass raw materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixing column (21) extends into the interior of the transverse groove (23) and is fixedly connected to the transverse groove (23).

9. The pretreatment device for straw-based biomass raw materials according to claim 2, characterized in that: The connecting shaft (25) passes through the two obstacle avoiding grooves (10) and is slidably connected to the two obstacle avoiding grooves (10).

10. The pretreatment device for straw-based biomass raw materials according to claim 2, characterized in that: The extrusion column (26) is arranged inside the extrusion cylinder (8) and is slidably connected to the extrusion cylinder (8).

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