Hydride hydrolysis hydrogen production system

Abstract

A hydride hydrolysis hydrogen production system comprises a fuel tank and a hydrolysis hydrogen production reactor, a liquid injection port and a liquid outlet are formed in the side face of the fuel tank, a condensation pipe is installed at the bottom of an inner cavity of the fuel tank, an air inlet is fixedly formed in the side face of the fuel tank, the inlet end of the condensation pipe is communicated with the air inlet, and the outlet end of the condensation pipe is fixedly connected with one end of an air outlet pipe. A gas collecting device is fixedly mounted at the top of the fuel tank; the liquid outlet feeding pump is connected with the inlet end of the hydrolysis hydrogen production reactor, the hydrolysis hydrogen production reactor is connected with the gas inlet through the hydrogen outlet, the gas collecting device is connected with the filter through the gas outlet, the outlet end of the filter is connected with the fuel cell, and a waste liquid outlet is formed in the bottom of the hydrolysis hydrogen production reactor. According to the fuel tank, the defects in the prior art are overcome, the fuel tank not only serves as a fuel container, but also has the functions of fuel solution preheating, gas-liquid separation, solution self-dilution and gas buffer bottle, and then a hydrogen production system is simplified.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of chemical industry, in particular to a hydrogen preparation technology, and specifically to a hydride hydrolysis hydrogen production system. Background Art

[0002] It is a known technology that hydrides such as sodium borohydride can be hydrolyzed to produce hydrogen, especially under the action of transition metal catalysts, the speed of hydrolysis to produce hydrogen can be increased. The hydrolysis reaction of sodium borohydride is an exothermic reaction. Since the sodium metaborate generated by the hydrolysis reaction of sodium borohydride has a very low solubility rate and high viscosity, it is very easy to adhere to the catalyst surface to prevent the hydrolysis reaction from continuing, so it needs to be quickly rinsed or removed from the catalyst surface by other means.

[0003] In the prior art, the structure of the sodium borohydride hydrolysis hydrogen production device is relatively complex, containing components such as a fuel tank, a pump, a reactor, a condenser, a steam-water separator, a filter, a pressure reducing valve, a solenoid valve, a fuel cell, and various pressure and temperature sensors, while the steam-water separator requires a condensation component and a heat dissipation component, and also needs to contain a liquid level sensor, a drain valve, etc. In addition, since the hydrolysis hydrogen production reaction is carried out in the reactor, the pressure in the reactor is relatively high, and a peristaltic pump with a higher back pressure needs to be selected to pump the fuel into the reactor, while the micro peristaltic pump generally has a lower back pressure, so a relatively large and heavy peristaltic pump needs to be selected, making the system relatively bulky. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a hydride hydrolysis hydrogen production system, which overcomes the deficiencies in the prior art and enables the fuel tank to not only serve as a fuel container, but also have the functions of preheating the fuel solution, gas-liquid separation, self-diluting solution and gas buffer bottle. At the same time, by increasing the pressure in the fuel tank, the pressure difference between the reactor and the fuel tank is reduced, the back pressure requirement of the fuel inlet pump is reduced, and the hydrogen production system is simplified.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions:

[0006] A hydride hydrolysis hydrogen production system, comprising a fuel tank and a hydrolysis hydrogen production reactor, wherein a liquid injection port and a liquid outlet are respectively arranged on the upper and lower sides of the fuel tank, a condenser is fixedly installed at the bottom of the inner cavity of the fuel tank, an air inlet is fixedly installed on the side of the fuel tank, the inlet end of the condenser is connected to the air inlet, the outlet end of the condenser is fixedly connected to one end of an air outlet pipe, the other end of the air outlet pipe is located above the liquid level in the inner cavity of the fuel tank, a gas collection device is fixedly installed on the top of the inner cavity of the fuel tank, and the gas collection device is located above or to the side of the air outlet pipe;

[0007] The liquid outlet is connected to the input end of the feed pump through the first pipeline, the output end of the feed pump is connected to the material inlet end of the hydrolysis hydrogen production reactor through the second pipeline, a hydrogen outlet is arranged on the top of the hydrolysis hydrogen production reactor, the hydrogen outlet is connected to the gas inlet through the third pipeline, the gas collecting device is connected to the gas outlet, the gas outlet is connected to the inlet end of the filter through the fourth pipeline, the outlet end of the filter is connected to the fuel cell through the fifth pipeline, a waste liquid outlet is arranged at the bottom of the hydrolysis hydrogen production reactor, and a drain valve is arranged on the waste liquid outlet.

[0008] Preferably, the gas collecting device is a support frame structure, the outer surface of the support frame is wrapped with a porous flexible membrane layer, the porous flexible membrane layer forms a hollow cavity in the middle, and the gas outlet is connected to the hollow cavity formed in the middle of the porous flexible membrane layer.

[0009] Preferably, the gas collecting device is a porous tube structure, a plurality of micropores are provided on the surface of the porous tube, the gas outlet is connected to the inner cavity of the porous tube, and the porous tube is made of metal or plastic.

[0010] Preferably, a liquid level sensor is installed inside the hydrolysis hydrogen production reactor, a signal output end of the liquid level sensor is connected to a signal input end of a control system, and a signal output end of the control system is connected to a drain valve.

[0011] Preferably, a first pressure sensor is provided on the third pipeline, a signal output end of the first pressure sensor is connected to a signal input end of a control system, and a signal output end of the control system is connected to a feed pump.

[0012] Preferably, a pressure reducing valve, a second pressure sensor and a solenoid valve are sequentially arranged on the fifth pipeline, the signal output end of the second pressure sensor is connected to the signal input end of the control system, and the signal output end of the control system is connected to the solenoid valve.

[0013] Preferably, a temperature sensor is installed in the hydrolysis hydrogen production reactor, a cooling fan is installed on the outer surface of the hydrolysis hydrogen production reactor, the signal output end of the temperature sensor is connected to the signal input end of the control system, and the signal output end of the control system is connected to the cooling fan.

[0014] Preferably, the fuel tank is made of stainless steel, titanium or surface-treated aluminum, or made of high-temperature and high-pressure resistant engineering plastic material; the condenser is made of stainless steel, titanium, surface-treated aluminum, or surface-treated copper.

[0015] The present invention provides a hydride hydrolysis hydrogen production system. It has the following beneficial effects: by immersing a condenser tube into a fuel tank and placing it at the bottom of the fuel tank, the hydrogen produced by hydrolysis will contain some water vapor, and gas-water separation will be achieved after condensation through the condenser tube. The condensed water and hydrogen will be directly discharged into the fuel tank through the outlet pipe. As the hydrolysis hydrogen production reaction continues, a steady stream of hydrogen and water vapor need to be condensed, and heat will be transferred to the fuel inside the fuel tank during the condensation process, so that the fuel in the fuel tank can be preheated, and the recovery of water can achieve self-dilution of the fuel solution, thereby reducing the concentration of by-products in the hydrolysis hydrogen production reactor, and also reducing the possibility of clogging of the drain pipe at the bottom of the reactor, so that the fuel tank, in addition to being a container for fuel, also has the functions of preheating the fuel solution, gas-liquid separation and gas buffer bottle, thereby simplifying the hydrogen production system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for describing the prior art are briefly introduced below.

[0017] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of the fuel tank in the present invention;

[0019] Description of the numbers in the figure:

[0020] 1. Fuel tank; 2. Hydrolysis hydrogen production reactor; 3. Liquid injection port; 4. Liquid outlet; 5. Condenser; 6. Air inlet; 7. Air outlet pipe; 8. Gas collecting device; 9. First pipeline; 10. Feed pump; 11. Second pipeline; 12. Third pipeline; 13. Gas outlet; 14. Fourth pipeline; 15. Filter; 16. Fifth pipeline; 17. Fuel cell; 18. Waste liquid outlet; 19. Drain valve; 21. First pressure sensor; 22. Pressure reducing valve; 23. Second pressure sensor; 24. Solenoid valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the present invention.

[0022] Embodiment 1, as Figure 1 to Figure 2As shown, a hydride hydrolysis hydrogen production system includes a fuel tank 1 and a hydrolysis hydrogen production reactor 2, a liquid injection port 3 and a liquid outlet 4 are respectively arranged on the upper and lower sides of the fuel tank 1, a condenser 5 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the inner cavity of the fuel tank 1, an air inlet 6 is fixedly installed on the side of the fuel tank 1, the inlet end of the condenser 5 is connected to the air inlet 6, the outlet end of the condenser 5 is fixedly connected to one end of an air outlet pipe 7, the other end of the air outlet pipe 7 is located above the liquid level in the inner cavity of the fuel tank 1, and a gas collecting device 8 is fixedly installed on the top of the inner cavity of the fuel tank 1, and the gas collecting device 8 is located above or to the side of the air outlet pipe 7;

[0023] The liquid outlet 4 is connected to the input end of the feed pump 10 through the first pipeline 9, and the output end of the feed pump 10 is connected to the material inlet end of the hydrolysis hydrogen production reactor 2 through the second pipeline 11. A hydrogen outlet is provided at the top of the hydrolysis hydrogen production reactor 2, and the hydrogen outlet is connected to the air inlet 6 through the third pipeline 12. The gas collecting device 8 is connected to the gas outlet 13, and the gas outlet 13 passes through the fuel tank 1 and is connected to the inlet end of the filter 15 through the fourth pipeline 14. The gas outlet 13 is sealed and connected to the fuel tank 1. The outlet end of the filter 15 is connected to the fuel cell 17 through the fifth pipeline 16. A waste liquid outlet 18 is provided at the bottom of the hydrolysis hydrogen production reactor 2, and a drain valve 19 is provided on the waste liquid outlet 18.

[0024] Working principle:

[0025] The fuel solution in the fuel tank 1 is first transported to the hydrolysis hydrogen production reactor 2 through the feed pump 10, and a hydrolysis reaction occurs under the action of the catalyst in the hydrolysis hydrogen production reactor 2. The generated hydrogen is input into the air inlet 6 through the third pipeline 12, and then condensed and separated from the gas and water by the condenser 5 at the bottom of the inner cavity of the fuel tank 1, and then discharged into the upper part of the inner cavity of the fuel tank 1 through the outlet pipe 7 to play a certain buffering role for the hydrogen. Then, the hydrogen is output to the filter 11 through the gas outlet 13 and along the fourth pipeline 14 through the gas collection device 8 for further filtering treatment. In this embodiment, the filter 11 can be composed of a strong acid ion exchange resin and a shell; the filtered hydrogen enters the stack of the fuel cell 17 to react and generate electricity. The sodium metaborate solution, a byproduct generated by the hydrolysis hydrogen production reactor 2 after the hydrolysis reaction, is discharged through the waste liquid outlet 18.

[0026] In the present embodiment, by immersing the condenser tube 5 in the fuel tank 1 and placing it at the bottom of the fuel tank 1, since the sodium borohydride hydrolysis reaction is an exothermic reaction, the temperature in the hydrolysis hydrogen production reactor 2 is high, and the hydrogen produced by hydrolysis will carry some water vapor, and gas-water separation will be achieved after condensation through the condenser tube 5. The condensed water and hydrogen will be directly discharged into the fuel tank through the outlet pipe 7. As the hydrolysis hydrogen production reaction continues, a steady stream of hydrogen and water vapor need to be condensed, and heat will be transferred to the fuel inside the fuel tank 1 during the condensation process, so that the fuel in the fuel tank 1 can be preheated, and the recovery of water can achieve self-dilution of the fuel solution, thereby reducing the concentration of byproducts in the hydrolysis hydrogen production reactor 2, and also reducing the possibility of blockage of the discharge pipe at the bottom of the reactor. At the same time, after the hydrogen produced by hydrolysis is directly discharged into the fuel tank through the outlet pipe 7, the pressure in the fuel tank 1 will also be increased, thereby reducing the pressure difference between the hydrolysis hydrogen production reactor 2 and the fuel tank 1, and then the back pressure requirement of the feed pump 10 is also reduced.

[0027] The fuel solution in the fuel tank 1 can be a hydride aqueous solution such as sodium borohydride, lithium borohydride, LiAlH4, etc. In this embodiment, a sodium borohydride aqueous solution with a concentration of 15-30wt% is used, and a sodium hydroxide alkaline stabilizer with a concentration of 1-10wt%. In addition, the fuel cell 17 is a proton exchange membrane fuel cell, which uses hydrogen as an anode reactant and air or oxygen as a cathode reactant.

[0028] Embodiment 2, as a further preferred embodiment of embodiment 1, the gas collection device 8 can adopt a support frame structure, and a porous flexible membrane layer is wrapped on the outer surface of the support frame, and a hollow cavity is surrounded in the middle of the porous flexible membrane layer, and the gas outlet 13 is connected to the hollow cavity surrounded in the middle of the porous flexible membrane layer. Among them, the material of the porous flexible membrane layer can be PTFE, PP, or PET, etc., the membrane material is a microporous membrane, and the support frame can adopt a metal support or a plastic support structure to support a hollow cavity. Hydrogen enters the hollow cavity through the micropores of the porous flexible membrane layer outside the support frame, and then is output through the gas outlet 13.

[0029] Embodiment 3, as a further preferred embodiment of embodiment 1, the gas collecting device 8 can also be a porous tube structure, with a plurality of micropores on the surface of the porous tube, the pore size of the micropores is 0.1-100 μm, and the outlet end of the porous tube is connected to the gas outlet 13, wherein the porous tube can be a metal tube structure or a plastic tube structure. Hydrogen enters the inner cavity of the porous tube through the micropores on the surface of the porous tube, and then is output through the gas outlet 13.

[0030] Embodiment 4, as a further preferred embodiment of embodiment 1, a liquid level sensor is installed inside the hydrolysis hydrogen production reactor 2, and the signal output end of the liquid level sensor is connected to the signal input end of the control system, and the signal output end of the control system is connected to the drain valve 19. When the waste liquid content in the hydrolysis hydrogen production reactor 2 reaches the liquid level sensor, the liquid level sensor will transmit a signal to the control system, and the control system will control the drain valve 19 to open to discharge the sodium metaborate solution produced as a byproduct after the hydrolysis reaction. In this embodiment, the drain valve 19 can be a pinch valve, a solenoid valve, or a micro peristaltic pump.

[0031] Embodiment 5, as a further preferred embodiment of embodiment 1, a first pressure sensor 21 is provided on the third pipeline 12, and the signal output end of the first pressure sensor 21 is connected to the signal input end of the control system, and the signal output end of the control system is connected to the feed pump 10. The degree of the first pressure sensor 21 can be used to control the rotation speed of the feed pump 10, and then control the speed at which the fuel solution in the fuel tank 1 enters the hydrolysis hydrogen production reactor 2.

[0032] Embodiment 6, as a further preferred embodiment of embodiment 1, a pressure reducing valve 22, a second pressure sensor 23 and a solenoid valve 24 are sequentially arranged on the fifth pipeline 16, the signal output end of the second pressure sensor 23 is connected to the signal input end of the control system, and the signal output end of the control system is connected to the solenoid valve 24. The pressure reducing valve 22 can be used to reduce the pressure of the output hydrogen; the second pressure sensor 23 is used to detect the pressure of the output hydrogen, and when the pressure reaches the set value, the control system controls the solenoid valve 24 to open, so that the output hydrogen enters the fuel cell stack to react and generate electricity.

[0033] Embodiment 7, as a further preferred embodiment of embodiment 1, a temperature sensor is installed in the hydrolysis hydrogen production reactor 2, a cooling fan is installed on the outer surface of the hydrolysis hydrogen production reactor 2, the signal output end of the temperature sensor is connected to the signal input end of the control system, and the signal output end of the control system is connected to the cooling fan. The temperature in the hydrolysis hydrogen production reactor 2 can be detected in real time by the temperature sensor. When the temperature in the hydrolysis hydrogen production reactor 2 reaches a certain value, the cooling fan can be controlled to run to dissipate heat for the hydrolysis hydrogen production reactor 2, so that the temperature of the hydrolysis hydrogen production reactor 2 is controlled between 50-90°C.

[0034] Embodiment 8, as a further preferred embodiment of embodiment 1, the fuel tank 1 is made of metal materials such as stainless steel, titanium or anodized aluminum, or made of high temperature and high pressure resistant engineering plastic materials; thereby ensuring the high temperature and high pressure resistance of the fuel tank 1. The condenser tube 5 is made of stainless steel metal, titanium metal, surface treated aluminum metal, or surface treated copper metal material. Thus ensuring the heat conduction effect and corrosion resistance of the condenser tube 5.

[0035] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit the same. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments may still be modified, or some of the technical features may be replaced by equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hydride hydrolysis hydrogen production system, characterized in that: It comprises a fuel tank (1) and a hydrolysis hydrogen production reactor (2), wherein a liquid injection port (3) and a liquid outlet (4) are respectively arranged on the upper and lower sides of the fuel tank (1), a condenser (5) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the inner cavity of the fuel tank (1), an air inlet (6) is fixedly installed on the side of the fuel tank (1), the inlet end of the condenser (5) is connected to the air inlet (6), the outlet end of the condenser (5) is fixedly connected to one end of an air outlet pipe (7), the other end of the air outlet pipe (7) is located above the liquid level of the inner cavity of the fuel tank (1), and a gas collection device (8) is fixedly installed on the top of the inner cavity of the fuel tank (1), and the gas collection device (8) is located above or to the side of the air outlet pipe (7); The liquid outlet (4) is connected to the input end of a feed pump (10) through a first pipeline (9), the output end of the feed pump (10) is connected to the material inlet end of a hydrolysis hydrogen production reactor (2) through a second pipeline (11), a hydrogen outlet is provided at the top of the hydrolysis hydrogen production reactor (2), the hydrogen outlet is connected to the gas inlet (6) through a third pipeline (12), the gas collecting device (8) is connected to the gas outlet (13), the gas outlet (13) is connected to the inlet end of a filter (15) through a fourth pipeline (14), the outlet end of the filter (15) is connected to a fuel cell (17) through a fifth pipeline (16), and a waste liquid outlet (18) is provided at the bottom of the hydrolysis hydrogen production reactor (2), and a drain valve (19) is provided on the waste liquid outlet (18).

2. A hydride hydrolysis hydrogen production system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas collecting device (8) is a support frame structure, the outer surface of the support frame is wrapped with a porous flexible membrane layer, the porous flexible membrane layer forms a hollow cavity in the middle, and the gas outlet (13) is connected to the hollow cavity formed in the middle of the porous flexible membrane layer.

3. A hydride hydrolysis hydrogen production system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas collecting device (8) is a porous tube structure, a plurality of micropores are provided on the surface of the porous tube, the gas outlet (13) is connected to the inner cavity of the porous tube, and the porous tube is made of metal or plastic material.

4. A hydride hydrolysis hydrogen production system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A liquid level sensor is installed inside the hydrolysis hydrogen production reactor (2), the signal output end of the liquid level sensor is connected to the signal input end of the control system, and the signal output end of the control system is connected to the drain valve (19).

5. A hydride hydrolysis hydrogen production system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The third pipeline (12) is provided with a first pressure sensor (21), a signal output end of the first pressure sensor (21) is connected to a signal input end of a control system, and a signal output end of the control system is connected to a feed pump (10).

6. A hydride hydrolysis hydrogen production system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fifth pipeline (16) is provided with a pressure reducing valve (22), a second pressure sensor (23) and a solenoid valve (24) in sequence, wherein a signal output end of the second pressure sensor (23) is connected to a signal input end of a control system, and a signal output end of the control system is connected to the solenoid valve (24).

7. A hydride hydrolysis hydrogen production system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A temperature sensor is installed in the hydrolysis hydrogen production reactor (2), a cooling fan is installed on the outer surface of the hydrolysis hydrogen production reactor (2), the signal output end of the temperature sensor is connected to the signal input end of the control system, and the signal output end of the control system is connected to the cooling fan.

8. A hydride hydrolysis hydrogen production system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fuel tank (1) is made of stainless steel, titanium or surface-treated aluminum metal, or made of high-temperature and high-pressure resistant engineering plastic material; the condenser (5) is made of stainless steel, titanium, surface-treated aluminum metal, or surface-treated copper metal material.

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