Active combination orifice sealing device for pneumatic directional drilling special-shaped drilling tool

Abstract

The invention discloses an active combined orifice sealing device for a pneumatic directional drilling special-shaped drilling tool. The technical problem that an orifice of the pneumatic directional drilling special-shaped drilling tool is difficult to seal is solved. The innovative mode of multi-stage combined sealing and active reinforced sealing is adopted, the orifice sealing effect under the sliding and rotating composite working conditions of the special-shaped drilling tool is guaranteed, and the sealing performance and applicability of the pneumatic directional drilling orifice device are remarkably improved. Compared with an existing orifice device, the leakage amount of coal dust from the orifice device to a drill site is greatly reduced, the working environment of the pneumatic directional drilling drill site is remarkably improved, and the personal health and safety of constructors are powerfully guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of underground tunnel drilling in coal mines, and particularly relates to an active combined sealing orifice device for pneumatic directional drilling special-shaped drilling tools. Background Art

[0002] Pneumatic directional drilling technology for broken soft coal seams is the latest special technology developed underground in coal mines for efficient drilling of broken soft coal seams. It uses high-pressure air or nitrogen as the flushing medium, transports the flushing medium through the internal channel of the drill pipe, uses the flushing medium to drive the pneumatic screw drill to crush the coal body, and uses a dust removal device to reduce the coal dust returned from the hole.

[0003] In the prior art, the special-shaped drill tools for pneumatic directional drilling in broken soft coal seams have improved the deslagging effect of pneumatic directional drilling in broken soft coal seams. However, the special-shaped drill tools cannot be effectively sealed, which can easily cause coal dust to leak from the orifice device to the drilling site, easily causing the dust concentration in the drilling site to exceed the standard, polluting the construction environment of the drilling site, and threatening the personal health and safety of construction workers. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an active combined sealing orifice device for special-shaped drill tools for pneumatic directional drilling, so as to solve the problem that the special-shaped drill tools in the prior art cannot be effectively sealed, which easily leads to excessive dust concentration in the drilling field.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions to achieve the above problems:

[0006] An active combined sealing orifice device for pneumatic directional drilling special-shaped drilling tools, comprising a combined sealing unit and a reinforced sealing unit fixedly connected at the head and tail;

[0007] The combined sealing unit comprises a combined sealing cylinder; the front part of the combined sealing cylinder is provided with a first coal dust discharge port and a gas discharge port in sequence from front to back; the rear part of the combined sealing cylinder is provided with a multi-stage sealing device;

[0008] The multi-stage sealing device comprises a support ring, a brush-type hard sealing ring, a brush-type soft sealing ring and a sealing blocking ring which are arranged in sequence from front to back;

[0009] The inner ring of the brush-type hard sealing ring is provided with a circle of first blocking brushes, and the inner ring of the brush-type soft sealing ring is provided with a circle of second blocking brushes; the diameter of the brush wires of the first blocking brush is greater than the diameter of the brush wires of the second blocking brush;

[0010] The enhanced sealing unit comprises an enhanced sealing cylinder, the rear end of the combined sealing cylinder is fixedly connected to the front end of the enhanced sealing cylinder; a high-pressure air jet device is arranged at the front of the enhanced sealing cylinder, and the nozzle of the high-pressure air jet device seals and enters the interior of the enhanced sealing cylinder;

[0011] The front part of the enhanced sealing cylinder is provided with a high-pressure gas jet sealing ring and an enhanced sealing positioning retaining ring in sequence from front to back; the high-pressure gas jet sealing ring is located behind the nozzle of the high-pressure gas jet device;

[0012] A second coal dust discharge port is provided at the rear of the enhanced sealing cylinder; a high-pressure water spray device is also provided at the rear of the enhanced sealing cylinder, and the nozzle of the high-pressure water spray device seals and enters the interior of the enhanced sealing cylinder.

[0013] The present invention also has the following features:

[0014] Furthermore, a positioning retaining ring is provided at the front end of the inner support ring of the combined sealing cylinder.

[0015] Furthermore, adjustment rings are provided between the support ring and the brush-type hard sealing ring, between the brush-type hard sealing ring and the brush-type soft sealing ring, and between the brush-type soft sealing ring and the sealing blocking ring.

[0016] Furthermore, the combined sealing cylinder is flange-connected to the reinforced sealing cylinder; a sealing compression joint is provided inside the flange between the reinforced sealing cylinder and the combined sealing cylinder.

[0017] Furthermore, a first dust concentration sensor is provided on the combined sealing cylinder;

[0018] The reinforced sealing cylinder is provided with a second dust concentration sensor.

[0019] Further, it also includes a control system;

[0020] The control system is connected to the first dust concentration sensor, the second dust concentration sensor, the high-pressure water spray device and the high-pressure air jet device respectively.

[0021] Furthermore, the brush wires of the first blocking brush and the second blocking brush are both made of metal.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following technical effects:

[0023] The active combined sealing orifice device for pneumatic directional drilling special-shaped drill tools of the present invention solves the technical problem of difficult orifice sealing of pneumatic directional drilling special-shaped drill tools. The innovative method of multi-stage combined sealing and active enhanced sealing is adopted to ensure the orifice sealing effect under the combined working conditions of sliding and rotating special-shaped drill tools, and significantly improve the sealing and applicability of the orifice device for pneumatic directional drilling. Compared with the existing orifice device, the leakage of coal dust from the orifice device to the drilling site is greatly reduced, which significantly improves the working environment of the pneumatic directional drilling site and effectively protects the personal health and safety of construction personnel. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the active combined sealing orifice device for pneumatic directional drilling special-shaped drilling tools of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the combined sealing unit in the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the enhanced sealing unit in the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the multi-stage sealing device in the present invention.

[0028] The meaning of the symbols in the figure is:

[0029] 1. Combined sealing cylinder; 2. First coal dust outlet; 3. Gas outlet; 4. Support ring; 5. Brush-type hard sealing ring; 501. First blocking brush; 6. Brush-type soft sealing ring; 601. Second blocking brush; 7. Sealing ring; 8. Strengthened sealing cylinder; 9. High-pressure gas jet device; 10. High-pressure gas jet sealing ring; 11. Strengthened sealing positioning retaining ring; 12. Second coal dust outlet; 13. High-pressure water spray device; 14. Positioning retaining ring; 15. Adjusting ring; 16. Sealing compression joint; 17. First dust concentration sensor; 18. Second dust concentration sensor; 19. Control system. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, all components in the present invention are components known in the prior art. For example, the high-pressure air jet device is a known and commonly used high-pressure air jet device.

[0031] Specific embodiments of the present invention are given below. It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the following specific embodiments, and all equivalent changes made on the basis of the technical solution of this application fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0032] like Figure 1-4 As shown, a pneumatic directional drilling special-shaped drilling tool active combined sealing hole device is characterized in that it includes a combined sealing unit and a reinforced sealing unit fixedly connected at the head and tail;

[0033] The combined sealing unit comprises a combined sealing cylinder 1; a first coal dust discharge port 2 and a gas discharge port 3 are sequentially provided at the front of the combined sealing cylinder 1 from front to back; a multi-stage sealing device is provided inside the rear of the combined sealing cylinder 1;

[0034] The multi-stage sealing device comprises a support ring 4, a brush-type hard sealing ring 5, a brush-type soft sealing ring 6 and a sealing blocking ring 7 which are arranged in sequence from front to back;

[0035] The inner ring of the brush-type hard sealing ring 5 is provided with a circle of first blocking brush 501, and the inner ring of the brush-type soft sealing ring 6 is provided with a circle of second blocking brush 601; the brush wires of the first blocking brush 501 and the second blocking brush 601 are both made of metal, and the brush wire diameter of the first blocking brush 501 is greater than the brush wire diameter of the second blocking brush 601;

[0036] The enhanced sealing unit includes an enhanced sealing cylinder 8, the rear end of the combined sealing cylinder 1 is fixedly connected to the front end of the enhanced sealing cylinder 8; a high-pressure air jet device 9 is provided at the front of the enhanced sealing cylinder 8, and the nozzle of the high-pressure air jet device 9 seals and enters the interior of the enhanced sealing cylinder 8;

[0037] The front part of the enhanced sealing cylinder 8 is provided with a high-pressure gas jet sealing ring 10 and an enhanced sealing positioning retaining ring 11 in sequence from front to back. The high-pressure gas jet sealing ring 10 is located behind the nozzle of the high-pressure gas jet device 9.

[0038] A second coal dust discharge port 12 is provided at the rear of the enhanced sealing cylinder 8 ; a high-pressure water spray device 13 is also provided at the rear of the enhanced sealing cylinder 8 , and a nozzle of the high-pressure water spray device 13 seals and enters the interior of the enhanced sealing cylinder 8 .

[0039] Before using the device, the special-shaped drilling tool is first passed through the center of the combined sealing tube 1, and the combined sealing tube 1 is connected to the external orifice casing by a connecting flange;

[0040] After the combined sealing cylinder 1 is connected, the enhanced sealing cylinder 8 is connected to the combined sealing cylinder 1 through the intermediate flange and then the pneumatic directional drilling operation in the broken soft coal seam is carried out.

[0041] During the non-rotating sliding drilling process of the special-shaped drill tool, the support ring 4 straightens the special-shaped drill tool to maintain a high coaxiality between the special-shaped drill tool and the combined sealing tube 1; the first blocking brush 501 inside the brush-type hard sealing ring 5 deforms as the special-shaped drill tool slides, and seals the special-shaped drill tool with a spiral or prism-shaped cross-section to block large particles of coal slag. The second blocking brush 601 inside the brush-type soft sealing ring 6 deforms as the special-shaped drill tool slides, and its deformation ability is better than that of the first blocking brush 501, so that it can more effectively seal the special-shaped drill tool with a spiral or prism-shaped cross-section to block small and medium particles of coal slag;

[0042] The sealing blocking ring 7 is used to block a small amount of coal dust and gas containing gas overflowing from the first blocking brush 501 and the second blocking brush 601, so as to further improve the effect of the multi-stage combined sealing;

[0043] The coal dust blocked by the combined sealing unit 1 is transported to the external dust removal device through the first coal dust exhaust port 2 so as to carry out the next dust reduction treatment on the coal dust returned from the orifice. The coal dust blocking rate of the combined sealing unit 1 can reach 95%. The blocked gas-containing gas enters the external negative pressure extraction pipeline through the gas exhaust port 3, and the gas returned from the orifice is extracted in time.

[0044] As a preferred solution, a first dust concentration sensor 17 is provided on the combined sealing cylinder 1;

[0045] A second dust concentration sensor 18 is provided on the reinforced sealing cylinder 8 .

[0046] Further preferably, the combined sealing cylinder 1 is flange-connected to the reinforced sealing cylinder 8 ; a sealing compression joint 16 is provided inside the flange between the reinforced sealing cylinder 8 and the combined sealing cylinder 1 .

[0047] Further preferably, it also includes a control system 19;

[0048] The control system 19 is connected to the first dust concentration sensor 17 , the second dust concentration sensor 18 , the high-pressure water spray device 13 and the high-pressure air jet device 9 , respectively.

[0049] During the rotary drilling process of the special-shaped drill, the special-shaped drill produces shaking due to the rotating centrifugal effect, and a small amount of coal dust will leak out after being blocked by the combined sealing unit 1; at this time, the first dust concentration sensor 1 monitors the concentration of the small amount of coal dust leaked out after being blocked by the multi-stage combined seal, and transmits the concentration signal to the control system 19. When the coal dust concentration exceeds 5%, the control system 19 sends an opening control command to the high-pressure gas jet device 9, and the high-pressure gas enters the nozzle of the high-pressure gas jet device 9 and is ejected at high speed. Due to the sealing and blocking effect of the high-pressure gas jet sealing ring 10, the high-pressure gas jet forms a positive pressure active seal higher than the orifice return air pressure inside the sealing compression joint 16, forcing a small amount of leaked coal dust to flow back into the combined sealing tube 1. After the multi-stage combined sealing treatment, the blocked coal dust is transported to the external dust removal device from the first coal dust discharge port 2, and the blocked gas-containing gas enters the external negative pressure extraction pipeline from the second coal dust discharge port 12, which can ensure that the coal dust blocking rate reaches 97%.

[0050] In order to further reduce the amount of coal dust leakage, a more specific implementation method is given below: the second dust concentration sensor 18 monitors the concentration of coal dust leaked after being blocked by the positive pressure active seal, and transmits a concentration signal to the control system 19. When the coal dust concentration exceeds 3%, the control system 19 sends an opening control command to the high-pressure water spray device 13. After the high-pressure water enters the high-pressure water spray device 13, it is sprayed out in a mist form by the nozzle of the high-pressure water spray device 13. The water spray wraps the coal dust particles and then settles. It is discharged to the outside through the first coal dust discharge port 2 in the form of coal dust sewage, thereby further reducing the amount of coal dust leakage to ensure that the coal dust blocking rate reaches 98%.

[0051] It should be noted that the control system 19 in the present invention adopts a known commonly used control system, and the control system 19 and other components are controlled by known existing methods, which does not include improvements to the algorithm.

[0052] As a preferred solution, a positioning retaining ring 14 is provided at the front end of the support ring 4;

[0053] Adjustment rings 15 are provided between the support ring 4 and the brush-type hard seal ring 5, between the brush-type hard seal ring 5 and the brush-type soft seal ring 6, and between the brush-type soft seal ring 6 and the seal blocking ring 7. In actual use, those skilled in the art can use adjustment rings 15 of different thicknesses according to actual needs to change the distance between two adjacent components, thereby changing the degree of compression between the components.

Claims

1. An active combined sealing orifice device for special-shaped drilling tools for pneumatic directional drilling, characterized in that: It includes a combined sealing unit and a reinforced sealing unit which are fixedly connected at the head and tail; The combined sealing unit comprises a combined sealing cylinder (1); the front part of the combined sealing cylinder (1) is provided with a first coal dust discharge port (2) and a gas discharge port (3) in sequence from front to back; the rear part of the combined sealing cylinder (1) is provided with a multi-stage sealing device; The multi-stage sealing device comprises a support ring (4), a brush-type hard sealing ring (5), a brush-type soft sealing ring (6) and a sealing blocking ring (7) which are arranged in sequence from front to back; The inner ring of the brush-type hard sealing ring (5) is provided with a circle of first blocking brushes (501), and the inner ring of the brush-type soft sealing ring (6) is provided with a circle of second blocking brushes (601); the diameter of the brush wires of the first blocking brush (501) is greater than the diameter of the brush wires of the second blocking brush (601); The enhanced sealing unit comprises an enhanced sealing cylinder (8), the rear end of the combined sealing cylinder (1) is fixedly connected to the front end of the enhanced sealing cylinder (8); a high-pressure air jet device (9) is provided at the front of the enhanced sealing cylinder (8), and the nozzle of the high-pressure air jet device (9) seals and enters the interior of the enhanced sealing cylinder (8); The front part of the reinforced sealing cylinder (8) is provided with a high-pressure gas jet sealing ring (10) and a reinforced sealing positioning retaining ring (11) in sequence from front to back; the high-pressure gas jet sealing ring (10) is located behind the nozzle of the high-pressure gas jet device (9); A second coal dust discharge port (12) is provided at the rear of the reinforced sealing cylinder (8); a high-pressure water spray device (13) is also provided at the rear of the reinforced sealing cylinder (8), and a nozzle seal of the high-pressure water spray device (13) enters the interior of the reinforced sealing cylinder (8).

2. The active combined sealing hole device for special-shaped drilling tools for pneumatic directional drilling as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: A positioning retaining ring (14) is provided at the front end of the inner support ring (4) of the combined sealing cylinder (1).

3. The active combined sealing hole device for special-shaped drilling tools for pneumatic directional drilling as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: Adjustment rings (15) are provided between the support ring (4) and the brush-type hard sealing ring (5), between the brush-type hard sealing ring (5) and the brush-type soft sealing ring (6), and between the brush-type soft sealing ring (6) and the sealing blocking ring (7).

4. The active combined sealing hole device for pneumatic directional drilling special-shaped drilling tools according to claim 1, characterized in that: The combined sealing cylinder (1) is flange-connected to the reinforced sealing cylinder (8); a sealing compression joint (16) is provided inside the flange between the reinforced sealing cylinder (8) and the combined sealing cylinder (1).

5. The active combined sealing hole device for pneumatic directional drilling special-shaped drilling tools according to claim 1, characterized in that: The combined sealing cylinder (1) is provided with a first dust concentration sensor (17); The reinforced sealing cylinder (8) is provided with a second dust concentration sensor (18).

6. The active combined sealing hole device for pneumatic directional drilling special-shaped drilling tools as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: Also includes a control system (19); The control system (19) is respectively connected to the first dust concentration sensor (17), the second dust concentration sensor (18), the high-pressure water spray device (13) and the high-pressure air jet device (9).

7. The active combined sealing hole device for special-shaped drilling tools for pneumatic directional drilling as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The brush wires of the first blocking brush (501) and the second blocking brush (601) are both made of metal.

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