Aluminum or aluminum alloy cable preparation process

Abstract

The invention discloses an aluminum or aluminum alloy cable preparation process, and belongs to the technical field of cable preparation. A specific formula metal raw material is selected as a cable core material, and an aluminum alloy core material is prepared by controlling parameters of working procedures such as smelting, degassing, impurity removal, casting, forging, forming and drawing; and wrapping an insulating layer, an armor layer and an outer protective layer to finally obtain the aluminum alloy cable. The whole preparation process is relatively simple, has low requirements on equipment and processing conditions, and is suitable for large-scale mass production; the armored protection layer is formed through self-locking, so that the mechanical property of the whole cable is greatly improved; compression process parameters are controlled, the insufficiency of the aluminum alloy conductor and the copper conductor on the equivalent-volume electric quantity can be made up, the outer diameter is reduced, and the conductivity is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of cable preparation, and in particular relates to a process for preparing an aluminum or aluminum alloy cable. Background Art

[0002] With the improvement of productivity and the development of the cable industry, the demand for cables is increasing. In the existing technology, cables mainly use copper as the core conductor, but its high price is not conducive to industry competition. People try to use other metal conductors to replace traditional copper conductors to reduce manufacturing costs while meeting the normal use of cables.

[0003] Power cables, especially those installed in roads, bridges, culverts, underground projects and various buildings, must have excellent mechanical properties. Aluminum alloy power cables are new materials power cables that use aluminum alloy as conductors and adopt special roll-formed wire stranding production processes and annealing treatment and other advanced technologies. Alloy power cables make up for the shortcomings of pure aluminum cables in the past. Although the electrical conductivity of the cables has not been improved, the bending performance, creep resistance and corrosion resistance have been improved, which can ensure that the cables can maintain continuous performance stability when overloaded and overheated for a long time. The use of aluminum alloy conductors can improve the conductivity and high temperature resistance of aluminum alloy cables, and solve the problems of pure aluminum conductors and creep. Under the same volume, the actual weight of aluminum alloy is about one-third of that of copper. Therefore, the weight of aluminum alloy cables is about half of that of copper cables at the same current carrying capacity. Using aluminum alloy cables instead of copper cables can reduce the weight of cables, reduce installation costs, reduce wear of equipment and cables, and make installation easier.

[0004] Therefore, how to use aluminum or aluminum alloy as the cable core and prepare aluminum alloy cables with conductivity equivalent to copper and excellent mechanical properties by adjusting the formula of various metal raw materials and special roll forming and wire drawing annealing processes has become a problem that needs to be solved at present. Summary of the invention

[0005] The first purpose of the present invention is to propose a process for preparing aluminum or aluminum alloy cables. The entire preparation process is simple, has low requirements on equipment and processing conditions, and is suitable for large-scale mass production.

[0006] The second object of the present invention is to provide an aluminum or aluminum alloy cable, which has good electrical conductivity, strong bending resistance, corrosion resistance and good weather resistance.

[0007] In order to solve the above problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0008] An aluminum or aluminum alloy cable comprises a cable core material and a protective layer. The cable core material comprises, by weight, 1 to 2.5 parts of copper, 0.3 to 0.8 parts of magnesium, 0.5 to 1.5 parts of titanium, 0.5 to 1 parts of nickel, 0.1 to 0.3 parts of cadmium, 0.1 to 0.2 parts of cobalt, 0.8 to 1.2 parts of zinc, 0.1 to 0.2 parts of platinum, 0.3 to 0.5 parts of silver and 92 to 98 parts of aluminum.

[0009] Furthermore, the cable core material comprises, by weight, 2.5 parts of copper, 0.3 parts of magnesium, 0.5 parts of titanium, 0.5 parts of nickel, 0.3 parts of cadmium, 0.1 parts of cobalt, 1.2 parts of zinc, 0.2 parts of platinum, 0.5 parts of silver, and 96 parts of aluminum.

[0010] Furthermore, the protective layer includes an armor layer and an outer protective layer; the armor layer is an aluminum alloy strip, and the outer protective layer is obtained by copolymerization of cross-linked polyethylene, silicone rubber and ABS.

[0011] Furthermore, the preparation process of any of the above-mentioned aluminum or aluminum alloy cables comprises the following steps:

[0012] (1) Put the raw materials of each component of the cable core material into a high-temperature melting furnace and melt them under stirring. After the raw materials are melted, a refining agent is added for refining. After the refining is completed, the raw materials are degassed and allowed to stand until the oxidized slag fully floats and is then removed;

[0013] (2) using a semi-continuous water cooling method to cast to obtain a casting;

[0014] (3) homogenizing the ingot obtained in step (2) and then placing it in a high-temperature calcining furnace for forging. The ingot after forging is placed in a continuous rolling mill and rolled into a round aluminum rod, which is then coiled and compacted to obtain a compacted coil;

[0015] (4) placing the coil obtained in step (3) into an extruder for extrusion molding to obtain a wire; then placing the wire into a wire drawing machine, and finally obtaining an aluminum alloy core material after drawing and aging treatment;

[0016] (5) coating the aluminum alloy core material with an insulating layer to obtain a cable core coated with an insulating layer;

[0017] (6) pre-pressing the aluminum alloy strip into an "S"-shaped curved surface, wrapping the cable core material coated with the insulating layer prepared in step (5) clockwise around the core material surface, and buckling them together to form a self-locking armor protection layer;

[0018] (7) The glass fiber reinforced PVC composite material is made into an outer sheath, and after cooling treatment, the cable core and the outer sheath are assembled to obtain an aluminum alloy cable.

[0019] Furthermore, the melting temperature of the cable core material is 850-880°C.

[0020] Furthermore, in the refining process, the refining agent is sodium fluorosilicate and cryolite; the refining temperature is 750-790°C and the refining time is 45-90 minutes.

[0021] Furthermore, in step (2), the temperature of the semi-continuous water-cooled casting is 750-780° C., the speed is 100 mm / min, the cooling water pressure is 0.35 MPa, and the water flow rate is 2200 L / min.

[0022] Furthermore, in the step (3), the compaction coefficient controlled by the compaction process is 0.92.

[0023] Furthermore, in step (4), the cross-sectional area of ​​the wire obtained after extrusion molding is 2.5 mm 2 .

[0024] Furthermore, in step (4), the drawing rate is 5 m / min, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the aluminum alloy core material obtained after drawing and aging treatment is 1.5 mm 2 .

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are as follows:

[0026] 1) The present invention prepares an aluminum alloy cable core by using a special formula, then modifies the surface of the aluminum alloy conductor, and assembles it using an insulating layer. The obtained aluminum alloy cable has a simple entire preparation process, has low requirements on equipment and processing conditions, and is suitable for large-scale mass production.

[0027] 2) The present invention pre-presses the aluminum alloy strip into an "S"-shaped curved surface, wraps it clockwise around the conductor surface with the aluminum alloy core conductor as the center, and interlocks with each other to form a self-locking armor protection layer, which greatly improves the mechanical properties of the entire cable.

[0028] 3) After forging, the present invention places the blank into a continuous rolling mill to roll it into a round aluminum rod, and then coils it. A compaction process is used to control the compaction coefficient to 0.92 to compensate for the deficiency of equal volume electric capacity between the aluminum alloy conductor and the copper conductor, reduce the outer diameter and improve the conductivity. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0030] Unless otherwise specified, the raw materials or equipment used in the following examples are all products that can be obtained by existing technical means.

[0031] The testing methods of the cables in the following embodiments are as follows: the tensile strength is tested according to GB / T228.1-2010, the yield strength is tested according to ISO 6892-1, the elongation at break is tested according to ISO 6892-1, and the conductivity is tested according to GB / T3956-2008.

[0032] Example 1

[0033] An aluminum or aluminum alloy cable comprises a cable core material, an insulating layer and a protective layer. The weight proportions of the components of the cable core material are: 2.5 parts of copper, 0.3 parts of magnesium, 0.5 parts of titanium, 0.5 parts of nickel, 0.3 parts of cadmium, 0.1 parts of cobalt, 1.2 parts of zinc, 0.2 parts of platinum, 0.5 parts of silver, and 96 parts of aluminum. The insulating layer is obtained by copolymerization of cross-linked polyethylene, silicone rubber and ABS. The protective layer comprises an armor layer and an outer sheath. The armor layer is an aluminum alloy strip, which can provide good mechanical protection and corrosion resistance. The outer sheath is prepared from a glass fiber reinforced PVC composite material.

[0034] A process for preparing an aluminum or aluminum alloy cable, the specific steps are as follows:

[0035] (1) The raw materials of the cable core material components are placed in a melting furnace at 880°C and smelted under stirring. After the raw materials are melted, sodium fluorosilicate and cryolite are added and refined at 750°C for 90 minutes. After the refining is completed, the raw materials are degassed and left to stand for 30 minutes to allow the oxide slag to fully float and then removed.

[0036] (2) The casting was carried out by semi-continuous water cooling, with a casting temperature of 750°C, a speed of 100 mm / min, a cooling water pressure of 0.35 MPa, and a water flow rate of 2200 L / min;

[0037] (3) The ingot obtained in step (2) is homogenized and then placed in a high-temperature calcining furnace at 450° C. for forging. The ingot after forging is placed in a continuous rolling mill and rolled into a round aluminum rod, which is then coiled and compacted to a coefficient of 0.92 to compensate for the lack of equal volumetric capacity between the aluminum alloy conductor and the copper conductor, thereby reducing the outer diameter and improving the conductivity.

[0038] (4) The alloy material after compaction in step (3) is placed in an extruder for extrusion molding to finally obtain a cross-sectional area of ​​2.5 mm 2 Wire.

[0039] (5) The wire obtained in step (4) is placed in a wire drawing machine, and the aluminum alloy wire is drawn at a rate of 5 m / min and a lightening rate of 12%, and after aging treatment, a 1.5 mm thick wire is finally obtained. 2 Aluminum alloy core material.

[0040] (6) The aluminum alloy core material is coated with an insulation layer. The insulation layer material is melted by a heating extruder, and the insulation layer material is continuously extruded and coated on the surface of the aluminum alloy core material under the dual effects of a forming die and extrusion pressure to obtain a cable core coated with an insulation layer.

[0041] (7) The aluminum alloy strip is pre-pressed into an "S"-shaped curved surface, and is wrapped clockwise around the surface of the core material with the cable core material coated with the insulating layer prepared in step (6) as the center, and is interlocked with each other to form a self-locking armor protection layer.

[0042] (8) The glass fiber reinforced PVC composite material is formed into an outer sheath by extrusion molding. After cooling, the cable core and the outer sheath are directly assembled according to the actual size to obtain an aluminum alloy cable.

[0043] Example 2

[0044] An aluminum or aluminum alloy cable comprises a cable core material, an insulating layer and a protective layer, wherein the weight proportions of the components of the cable core material are: 1.5 parts of copper, 0.5 parts of magnesium, 1.0 parts of titanium, 0.8 parts of nickel, 0.2 parts of cadmium, 0.1 parts of cobalt, 1.0 parts of zinc, 0.1 parts of platinum, 0.3 parts of silver, and 98 parts of aluminum; the insulating layer is obtained by copolymerization of cross-linked polyethylene, silicone rubber and ABS; the protective layer comprises an armor layer and an outer sheath; the armor layer is an aluminum alloy strip, which can provide good mechanical protection and corrosion resistance; the outer sheath is prepared from a glass fiber reinforced PVC composite material.

[0045] A process for preparing an aluminum or aluminum alloy cable, the specific steps are as follows:

[0046] (1) The raw materials of the cable core material components are placed in a melting furnace at 860°C and smelted under stirring. After the raw materials are melted, sodium fluorosilicate and cryolite are added and refined at a temperature of 790°C for 45 minutes. After the refining is completed, the raw materials are degassed and left to stand for 30 minutes to allow the oxide slag to fully float and then removed.

[0047] (2) The casting was carried out by semi-continuous water cooling, with a casting temperature of 750°C, a speed of 100 mm / min, a cooling water pressure of 0.35 MPa, and a water flow rate of 2200 L / min;

[0048] (3) The ingot obtained in step (2) is homogenized and then placed in a high-temperature calcining furnace at 450° C. for forging. The ingot after forging is placed in a continuous rolling mill and rolled into a round aluminum rod, which is then coiled and compacted to a coefficient of 0.92 to compensate for the lack of equal volumetric capacity between the aluminum alloy conductor and the copper conductor, thereby reducing the outer diameter and improving the conductivity.

[0049] (4) The alloy material after compaction in step (3) is placed in an extruder for extrusion molding to finally obtain a cross-sectional area of ​​2.5 mm 2Wire.

[0050] (5) The wire obtained in step (4) is placed in a wire drawing machine, and the aluminum alloy wire is drawn at a rate of 5 m / min and a lightening rate of 12%, and after aging treatment, a 1.5 mm thick wire is finally obtained. 2 Aluminum alloy core material.

[0051] (6) The aluminum alloy core material is coated with an insulation layer. The insulation layer material is melted by a heating extruder, and the insulation layer material is continuously extruded and coated on the surface of the aluminum alloy core material under the dual effects of a forming die and extrusion pressure to obtain a cable core coated with an insulation layer.

[0052] (7) The aluminum alloy strip is pre-pressed into an "S"-shaped curved surface, and is wrapped clockwise around the surface of the core material with the cable core material coated with the insulating layer prepared in step (6) as the center, and is interlocked with each other to form a self-locking armor protection layer.

[0053] (8) The glass fiber reinforced PVC composite material is formed into an outer sheath by extrusion molding. After cooling, the cable core and the outer sheath are directly assembled according to the actual size to obtain an aluminum alloy cable.

[0054] Example 3

[0055] An aluminum or aluminum alloy cable comprises a cable core material, an insulating layer and a protective layer. The weight proportions of the components of the cable core material are: 2.0 parts of copper, 0.8 parts of magnesium, 1.5 parts of titanium, 1 part of nickel, 0.1 parts of cadmium, 0.2 parts of cobalt, 0.8 parts of zinc, 0.1 parts of platinum, 0.5 parts of silver, and 95 parts of aluminum. The insulating layer is obtained by copolymerization of cross-linked polyethylene, silicone rubber and ABS; the protective layer comprises an armor layer and an outer sheath; the armor layer is an aluminum alloy strip, which can provide good mechanical protection and corrosion resistance; the outer sheath is prepared from a glass fiber reinforced PVC composite material.

[0056] A process for preparing an aluminum or aluminum alloy cable, the specific steps are as follows:

[0057] (1) The raw materials of the cable core material components are placed in a melting furnace at 870°C and smelted under stirring. After the raw materials are melted, sodium fluorosilicate and cryolite are added and refined at 750°C for 90 minutes. After the refining is completed, the raw materials are degassed and left to stand for 30 minutes to allow the oxide slag to fully float and then removed.

[0058] (2) The casting was carried out by semi-continuous water cooling, with a casting temperature of 780°C, a speed of 100 mm / min, a cooling water pressure of 0.35 MPa, and a water flow rate of 2200 L / min;

[0059] (3) The ingot obtained in step (2) is homogenized and then placed in a high-temperature calcining furnace at 450° C. for forging. The ingot after forging is placed in a continuous rolling mill and rolled into a round aluminum rod, which is then coiled and compacted to a coefficient of 0.92 to compensate for the lack of equal volumetric capacity between the aluminum alloy conductor and the copper conductor, thereby reducing the outer diameter and improving the conductivity.

[0060] (4) The alloy material after compaction in step (3) is placed in an extruder for extrusion molding to finally obtain a cross-sectional area of ​​2.5 mm 2 Wire.

[0061] (5) The wire obtained in step (4) is placed in a wire drawing machine, and the aluminum alloy wire is drawn at a rate of 5 m / min and a lightening rate of 12%, and after aging treatment, a 1.5 mm thick wire is finally obtained. 2 Aluminum alloy core material.

[0062] (6) The aluminum alloy core material is coated with an insulation layer. The insulation layer material is melted by a heating extruder, and the insulation layer material is continuously extruded and coated on the surface of the aluminum alloy core material under the dual effects of a forming die and extrusion pressure to obtain a cable core coated with an insulation layer.

[0063] (7) The aluminum alloy strip is pre-pressed into an "S"-shaped curved surface, and is wrapped clockwise around the surface of the core material with the cable core material coated with the insulating layer prepared in step (6) as the center, and is interlocked with each other to form a self-locking armor protection layer.

[0064] (8) The glass fiber reinforced PVC composite material is formed into an outer sheath by extrusion molding. After cooling, the cable core and the outer sheath are directly assembled according to the actual size to obtain an aluminum alloy cable.

[0065] Example 4

[0066] An aluminum or aluminum alloy cable comprises a cable core material, an insulating layer and a protective layer. The weight proportions of the components of the cable core material are: 1.0 part of copper, 0.6 part of magnesium, 1.2 parts of titanium, 0.6 parts of nickel, 0.3 parts of cadmium, 0.2 parts of cobalt, 1.2 parts of zinc, 0.2 parts of platinum, 0.3 parts of silver, and 92 parts of aluminum; the insulating layer is obtained by copolymerization of cross-linked polyethylene, silicone rubber and ABS; the protective layer comprises an armor layer and an outer sheath; the armor layer is an aluminum alloy strip, which can provide good mechanical protection and corrosion resistance; the outer sheath is prepared from a glass fiber reinforced PVC composite material.

[0067] A process for preparing an aluminum or aluminum alloy cable, the specific steps are as follows:

[0068] (1) The raw materials of the cable core material components are placed in a melting furnace at 880°C and smelted under stirring. After the raw materials are melted, sodium fluorosilicate and cryolite are added and refined at 750°C for 90 minutes. After the refining is completed, the raw materials are degassed and left to stand for 30 minutes to allow the oxide slag to fully float and then removed.

[0069] (2) The casting was carried out by semi-continuous water cooling, with a casting temperature of 750°C, a speed of 100 mm / min, a cooling water pressure of 0.35 MPa, and a water flow rate of 2200 L / min;

[0070] (3) The ingot obtained in step (2) is homogenized and then placed in a high-temperature calcining furnace at 450° C. for forging. The ingot after forging is placed in a continuous rolling mill and rolled into a round aluminum rod, which is then coiled and compacted to a coefficient of 0.92 to compensate for the lack of equal volumetric capacity between the aluminum alloy conductor and the copper conductor, thereby reducing the outer diameter and improving the conductivity.

[0071] (4) The alloy material after compaction in step (3) is placed in an extruder for extrusion molding to finally obtain a cross-sectional area of ​​2.5 mm 2 Wire.

[0072] (5) The wire obtained in step (4) is placed in a wire drawing machine, and the aluminum alloy wire is drawn at a rate of 5 m / min and a lightening rate of 12%, and after aging treatment, a 1.5 mm thick wire is finally obtained. 2 Aluminum alloy core material.

[0073] (6) The aluminum alloy core material is coated with an insulation layer. The insulation layer material is melted by a heating extruder, and the insulation layer material is continuously extruded and coated on the surface of the aluminum alloy core material under the dual effects of a forming die and extrusion pressure to obtain a cable core coated with an insulation layer.

[0074] (7) The aluminum alloy strip is pre-pressed into an "S"-shaped curved surface, and is wrapped clockwise around the surface of the core material with the cable core material coated with the insulating layer prepared in step (6) as the center, and is interlocked with each other to form a self-locking armor protection layer.

[0075] (8) The glass fiber reinforced PVC composite material is formed into an outer sheath by extrusion molding. After cooling, the cable core and the outer sheath are directly assembled according to the actual size to obtain an aluminum alloy cable.

[0076] Example 5

[0077] An aluminum or aluminum alloy cable comprises a cable core material, an insulating layer and a protective layer. The weight proportions of the components of the cable core material are: 2.5 parts of copper, 0.5 parts of magnesium, 1.5 parts of titanium, 1 part of nickel, 0.1 parts of cadmium, 0.1 parts of cobalt, 1.0 parts of zinc, 0.2 parts of platinum, 0.5 parts of silver, and 94 parts of aluminum. The insulating layer is obtained by copolymerization of cross-linked polyethylene, silicone rubber and ABS; the protective layer comprises an armor layer and an outer sheath; the armor layer is an aluminum alloy strip, which can provide good mechanical protection and corrosion resistance; the outer sheath is prepared from a glass fiber reinforced PVC composite material.

[0078] A process for preparing an aluminum or aluminum alloy cable, the specific steps are as follows:

[0079] (1) Put the raw materials of each component of the cable core material into a melting furnace at 850°C and melt them under stirring. After the raw materials are melted, add sodium fluorosilicate and cryolite and refine them at a temperature of 750°C for 90 minutes. After refining, degas and stand for 30 minutes to allow the oxide slag to fully float and then remove it.

[0080] (2) The casting was carried out by semi-continuous water cooling, with a casting temperature of 750°C, a speed of 100 mm / min, a cooling water pressure of 0.35 MPa, and a water flow rate of 2200 L / min;

[0081] (3) The ingot obtained in step (2) is homogenized and then placed in a high-temperature calcining furnace at 450° C. for forging. The ingot after forging is placed in a continuous rolling mill and rolled into a round aluminum rod, which is then coiled and compacted to a coefficient of 0.92 to compensate for the lack of equal volumetric capacity between the aluminum alloy conductor and the copper conductor, thereby reducing the outer diameter and improving the conductivity.

[0082] (4) The alloy material after compaction in step (3) is placed in an extruder for extrusion molding to finally obtain a cross-sectional area of ​​2.5 mm 2 Wire.

[0083] (5) The wire obtained in step (4) is placed in a wire drawing machine, and the aluminum alloy wire is drawn at a rate of 5 m / min and a lightening rate of 12%, and after aging treatment, a 1.5 mm thick wire is finally obtained. 2 Aluminum alloy core material.

[0084] (6) The aluminum alloy core material is coated with an insulation layer. The insulation layer material is melted by a heating extruder, and the insulation layer material is continuously extruded and coated on the surface of the aluminum alloy core material under the dual effects of a forming die and extrusion pressure to obtain a cable core coated with an insulation layer.

[0085] (7) The aluminum alloy strip is pre-pressed into an "S"-shaped curved surface, and is wrapped clockwise around the surface of the core material with the cable core material coated with the insulating layer prepared in step (6) as the center, and is interlocked with each other to form a self-locking armor protection layer.

[0086] (8) The glass fiber reinforced PVC composite material is formed into an outer sheath by extrusion molding. After cooling, the cable core and the outer sheath are directly assembled according to the actual size to obtain an aluminum alloy cable.

[0087] Comparative Example 1

[0088] An aluminum alloy cable comprises an aluminum alloy cable core and an insulating layer; the weight proportions of the components of the aluminum alloy cable core are: 2.5 parts of copper, 0.3 parts of magnesium, 0.5 parts of titanium, 0.5 parts of nickel, 0.3 parts of cadmium, 0.1 parts of cobalt, 1.2 parts of zinc, 0.2 parts of platinum, 0.5 parts of silver, and 96 parts of aluminum; the insulating layer is obtained by copolymerization of cross-linked polyethylene, silicone rubber and ABS.

[0089] A process for preparing an aluminum alloy cable, the specific steps are as follows:

[0090] (1) Put the raw materials of each component of the cable core material into a melting furnace at 850°C and melt them under stirring. After the raw materials are melted, add sodium fluorosilicate and cryolite and refine them at a temperature of 750°C for 90 minutes. After refining, degas and stand for 30 minutes to allow the oxide slag to fully float and then remove it.

[0091] (2) The casting was carried out by semi-continuous water cooling, with a casting temperature of 750°C, a speed of 100 mm / min, a cooling water pressure of 0.35 MPa, and a water flow rate of 2200 L / min;

[0092] (3) The ingot obtained in step (2) is homogenized and then placed in a high-temperature calcining furnace at 450°C for forging. After forging, the ingot is placed in an extruder for extrusion molding to finally obtain a cross-sectional area of ​​2.5 mm 2 Wire.

[0093] (4) The wire obtained in step (3) is placed in a wire drawing machine, and the aluminum alloy wire is drawn at a rate of 5 m / min and a lightening rate of 12%, and after aging treatment, a 1.5 mm thick wire is finally obtained. 2 Aluminum alloy core material.

[0094] (5) The aluminum alloy core material is coated with an insulation layer. The insulation layer material is melted by a heating extruder, and the insulation layer material is continuously extruded and coated on the surface of the aluminum alloy core material under the dual effects of the forming die and the extrusion pressure to make an aluminum alloy cable.

[0095] Comparative Example 2

[0096] The same as Example 1, except that only the weight proportions of the components of the cable core material are changed, namely 3.0 parts of copper, 0.2 parts of magnesium, 2.0 parts of titanium, 1.5 parts of nickel, 0.5 parts of cadmium, 0.5 parts of cobalt, 1.5 parts of zinc, 0.5 parts of platinum, 0.8 parts of silver, and 90 parts of aluminum.

[0097] The aluminum alloy cables obtained in the above-mentioned Examples 1 to 5 and Comparative Examples 1 to 2 were respectively tested for mechanical properties and electrical conductivity (with copper as a reference), and the test results are shown in Table 1 below.

[0098] Table 1 Mechanical properties and conductivity test results of aluminum alloy cables prepared in Examples 1 to 5

[0099]

[0100] The test results show that when the weight percentages of the components of the cable core material are not within the specified range, the conductivity of the prepared aluminum alloy cable decreases; from Example 1, when the ratio of the metal raw materials of the cable core material is: 2.5 parts of copper, 0.3 parts of magnesium, 0.5 parts of titanium, 0.5 parts of nickel, 0.3 parts of cadmium, 0.1 parts of cobalt, 1.2 parts of zinc, 0.2 parts of platinum, 0.5 parts of silver, and 96 parts of aluminum, the conductivity of the obtained aluminum alloy cable is optimal. From the comparison between Comparative Example 1 and the embodiments, it can be obtained that when the ingot obtained by casting in a semi-continuous water cooling manner is put into a continuous rolling mill and rolled into a round aluminum rod, and then rolled, and a compacting process is adopted to control the compacting coefficient to 0.92, it can make up for the deficiency of equal volume electric quantity between the aluminum alloy conductor and the copper conductor, and improve the mechanical properties.

[0101] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An aluminum or aluminum alloy cable, comprising a cable core material and a protective layer, characterized in that: The cable core material comprises, by weight, 1 to 2.5 parts of copper, 0.3 to 0.8 parts of magnesium, 0.5 to 1.5 parts of titanium, 0.5 to 1 parts of nickel, 0.1 to 0.3 parts of cadmium, 0.1 to 0.2 parts of cobalt, 0.8 to 1.2 parts of zinc, 0.1 to 0.2 parts of platinum, 0.3 to 0.5 parts of silver and 92 to 98 parts of aluminum.

2. The aluminum or aluminum alloy cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cable core material includes, by weight, 2.5 parts of copper, 0.3 parts of magnesium, 0.5 parts of titanium, 0.5 parts of nickel, 0.3 parts of cadmium, 0.1 parts of cobalt, 1.2 parts of zinc, 0.2 parts of platinum, 0.5 parts of silver, and 96 parts of aluminum.

3. The aluminum or aluminum alloy cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The protective layer comprises an armor layer and an outer protective layer; the armor layer is an aluminum alloy strip, and the outer protective layer is obtained by copolymerization of cross-linked polyethylene, silicone rubber and ABS.

4. A process for preparing an aluminum or aluminum alloy cable according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: Here are the steps: (1) Put the raw materials of each component of the cable core material into a high-temperature melting furnace and melt them under stirring. After the raw materials are melted, a refining agent is added for refining. After the refining is completed, the raw materials are degassed and allowed to stand until the oxidized slag fully floats and is then removed; (2) using a semi-continuous water cooling method to cast to obtain a casting; (3) homogenizing the ingot obtained in step (2) and then placing it in a high-temperature calcining furnace for forging. The ingot after forging is placed in a continuous rolling mill and rolled into a round aluminum rod, which is then coiled and compacted to obtain a compacted coil; (4) placing the coil obtained in step (3) into an extruder for extrusion molding to obtain a wire; then placing the wire into a wire drawing machine, and finally obtaining an aluminum alloy core material after drawing and aging treatment; (5) coating the aluminum alloy core material with an insulating layer to obtain a cable core coated with an insulating layer; (6) pre-pressing the aluminum alloy strip into an "S"-shaped curved surface, wrapping the cable core material coated with the insulating layer prepared in step (5) clockwise around the core material surface, and buckling them together to form a self-locking armor protection layer; (7) The glass fiber reinforced PVC composite material is made into an outer sheath, and after cooling treatment, the cable core and the outer sheath are assembled to obtain an aluminum alloy cable.

5. The preparation process according to claim 4, characterized in that: The cable core material is melted at a temperature of 850-880°C.

6. The preparation process according to claim 4, characterized in that: In the refining process, the refining agents are sodium fluorosilicate and cryolite; the refining temperature is 750-790° C., and the refining time is 45-90 minutes.

7. The preparation process according to claim 4, characterized in that: In the step (2), the temperature of the semi-continuous water-cooling casting is 750-780° C., the speed is 100 mm / min, the cooling water pressure is 0.35 MPa, and the water flow rate is 2200 L / min.

8. The preparation process according to claim 4, characterized in that: In the step (3), the compaction coefficient controlled by the compaction process is 0.

92.

9. The preparation process according to claim 4, characterized in that: In the step (4), the cross-sectional area of ​​the wire obtained after extrusion molding is 2.5 mm 2 .

10. The preparation process according to claim 4, characterized in that: In the step (4), the drawing rate is 5 m / min, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the aluminum alloy core material obtained after drawing and aging treatment is 1.5 mm 2 .

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