Catalytic reactor for oxygen consumption inerting system and working method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a catalytic reactor for an oxygen consumption inerting system and a working method of the catalytic reactor, and relates to the field of fuel inerting and catalytic reactors, the reactor comprises an inlet / outlet channel, a flow channel, an inlet / outlet, a base, a temperature measuring port and a joint; the flow channels comprise the reaction gas flow channels, the cooling liquid flow channels and the phase change material flow channels, and the flow channels are micro-channels, are arranged at intervals and do not interfere with one another, so that efficient reaction and heat exchange can be realized. The temperature of the reactor can be effectively controlled, the temperature runaway phenomenon is greatly reduced, the safety of the reactor is guaranteed, the reaction efficiency is improved, the cooling efficiency is improved, the controllable range is widened, and the intelligent degree is increased. Compared with a traditional catalytic reactor, the problems of internal stress and leakage caused by welding are avoided, and the reactor is convenient to install, smaller, lighter and more suitable for the aviation field.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of fuel oil inerting and catalytic reactors, in particular to a catalytic reactor for an oxygen-consuming inerting system and a working method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Since the 1960s, as of 2008, there have been 18 fuel tank explosion accidents on transport aircraft worldwide, killing a total of 542 people. Fuel tank combustion and explosion have become one of the main threats to civil aviation safety. In the past, people did not know the potential safety reasons that lead to fuel tank explosions, so they have been committed to preventing fuel tank explosions by controlling the fuel tank temperature through design means. Until the TWA800 accident, through the investigation and analysis of the cause of the accident, people have deepened their understanding of the flammability hazards of fuel tanks and strengthened the airworthiness compliance requirements and technical measures to prevent fuel tank explosions.

[0003] At present, the hollow fiber membrane inerting system is mainly used in military and civil aviation. Its core principle is to use hollow fiber membrane to separate the compressed air introduced from the engine into nitrogen and oxygen, and make the separated nitrogen into nitrogen-rich gas and input it into the fuel tank. By controlling the oxygen volume fraction in the upper space of the fuel tank, the purpose of fire prevention and explosion prevention is achieved. This system can achieve full-line inerting of the fuel tank, but it not only has a large permeation area per unit volume, but also the raw gas goes inside the wire, the separator shell does not need to be pressurized, and there is no need to switch the valve. It can continuously produce nitrogen-rich gas, compact in size, and more suitable for aircraft. However, since the hollow fiber membrane inerting system needs to draw air from the engine, there is a problem of affecting the power of the aircraft engine. Secondly, the core components in the hollow fiber membrane system are expensive and have a short life. Finally, if the core components in the hollow fiber membrane system are slightly damaged, the separation efficiency will drop significantly, affecting the normal operation of the inerting system.

[0004] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the hollow fiber membrane inerting system, both domestic and foreign countries have been committed to researching new fuel tank explosion-proof technologies. Among them, oxygen-consuming inerting technology is considered to be the next generation of new inerting system that is most likely to be put into practical application due to its simple process and high efficiency. The oxygen-consuming inerting technology is to lead the gas and fuel vapor mixture in the gas phase space above the fuel tank and pass it into a catalytic combustion reactor. Under the action of the catalyst, the fuel vapor and oxygen react chemically to decompose into water vapor and carbon dioxide. After the water vapor is separated by the cooling component, the low-oxygen inert gas at the reactor outlet is refilled into the fuel tank to achieve the purpose of inerting. Compared with molecular sieve inerting and permeable membrane inerting, oxygen-consuming inerting does not require air to be drawn from the engine. The system is closed and has no moving parts except for the low-pressure air pump. It has the advantages of low power consumption, compact structure, and light weight.

[0005] At present, oxygen-consuming inerting has not been put into large-scale use. Its main problem lies in the catalytic reactor, the core component of the system. In the existing oxygen-consuming inerting system, the catalytic reactor ignites slowly, the temperature inside the reactor is difficult to control, and the temperature rise phenomenon often occurs. In addition, the reactor has a narrow operating range, resulting in low efficiency of the reactor. Due to the uneven temperature inside the reactor, it is difficult to arrange the cooling structure. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to solve the problems of the prior art, the present invention provides a catalytic reactor for an oxygen consumption inerting system and a working method thereof, which improves the current situation that the internal temperature of the catalytic reactor is difficult to control and reduces the frequency of temperature runaway problems in the catalytic reactor.

[0007] The present invention adopts the following technical solutions to solve the above technical problems: A catalytic reactor for an oxygen-consuming inerting system comprises: a reaction gas inlet, a reaction gas inlet channel, a reaction gas flow channel, a reaction gas outlet channel, a reaction gas outlet, a coolant inlet, a coolant inlet channel, a coolant flow channel, a coolant outlet channel, a coolant outlet, a coolant channel support, a phase change material inlet, a phase change material inlet channel, a phase change material flow channel, a phase change material outlet channel, a phase change material outlet, a phase change material channel support, a coolant temperature measuring port, a phase change material temperature measuring port, a reaction gas temperature measuring port, a base and a joint.

[0008] Furthermore, the reaction gas inlet, reaction gas inlet channel, reaction gas flow channel, reaction gas outlet channel, and reaction gas outlet are connected in sequence; the coolant inlet, coolant inlet channel, coolant flow channel, coolant outlet channel, and coolant outlet are connected in sequence; the phase change material inlet, phase change material inlet channel, phase change material flow channel, phase change material outlet channel, and phase change material outlet are connected in sequence.

[0009] Furthermore, there are nine cooling liquid temperature measuring ports and nine reaction gas temperature measuring ports, which are respectively arranged on the walls on both sides of the reactor; there are five phase change material temperature measuring ports, which are arranged on the front wall of the reaction gas; and a plurality of holes are punched on the base.

[0010] Furthermore, the reactor is provided with several layers of reaction gas flow channels, coolant flow channels, and phase change material flow channels, and the flow channel layers are stacked from bottom to top in the order of coolant flow channels, reaction gas flow channels, and phase change material flow channels, and are spaced from each other and do not interfere with each other; the reaction gas flow channels and coolant flow channels are parallel to each other and perpendicular to the phase change material flow channels.

[0011] Furthermore, the coolant channel support is provided with a plurality of small holes; the coolant channel support is arranged in the coolant inlet channel and the coolant outlet channel.

[0012] Furthermore, the phase change material channel support has a plurality of small holes; the phase change material channel support is arranged in the phase change material inlet channel and the phase change material outlet channel.

[0013] Furthermore, a small hole is provided at the bottom of the coolant temperature measuring port to connect to the coolant inlet channel; a small hole is provided at the bottom of the reaction gas temperature measuring port to connect to the reaction gas inlet channel; and a small hole is provided at the bottom of the phase change material temperature measuring port to connect to the phase change material inlet channel.

[0014] Furthermore, there are two connectors in total, and the flat ends are respectively connected to the reaction gas inlet and the reaction gas outlet, and are fixed with pins and sealed with O-rings.

[0015] The present invention also provides a method for operating a catalytic reactor for an oxygen consumption inerting system, comprising the following steps: S1. The catalyst must be coated on the reaction gas flow channel before the catalytic reactor is put into use. The catalyst liquid enters the reactor from the joint and the reaction gas inlet, and passes through the reaction gas inlet, the reaction gas inlet channel, the reaction gas flow channel, the reaction gas outlet channel, and the reaction gas outlet in sequence. After the catalyst liquid flows evenly through the reaction gas flow channel, it is sintered at high temperature to form a catalyst coating in the reaction gas flow channel; S2. The phase change material must be filled before the catalytic reactor is put into use. The liquid phase change material enters the reactor from the phase change material inlet at high temperature, and passes through the phase change material inlet, the phase change material inlet channel, the phase change material flow channel, the phase change material outlet channel, and the phase change material outlet in sequence until the phase change material inlet channel, the phase change material flow channel, and the phase change material outlet channel are filled; after filling, wait for the phase change material to cool and solidify. The phase change material only needs to be filled once. When the catalytic reactor is used, the phase change material inlet and the phase change material outlet need to be sealed with insulating materials or plugs; S3. The catalytic reactor should be preheated before the reaction, and high-temperature air can be injected from the joint and the reaction gas inlet for preheating; the high-temperature air flows through the reaction gas inlet, the reaction gas inlet channel, the reaction gas flow channel, the reaction gas outlet channel, and the reaction gas outlet in sequence until the temperature of the catalytic reactor rises to the required temperature, and the ventilation is stopped; S31. If temperature measurement is required, the thermocouple probe can be inserted into the coolant flow channel, the phase change material flow channel, and the reaction gas flow channel through the coolant temperature measuring port, the phase change material temperature measuring port, and the reaction gas temperature measuring port respectively; there are 9 coolant temperature measuring ports and reaction gas temperature measuring ports, and 5 phase change material flow channels, and the reaction gas temperature, coolant temperature, and phase change material temperature at different positions in the reactor can be measured as required; if temperature measurement is not required, all coolant temperature measuring ports, phase change material temperature measuring ports, and reaction gas temperature measuring ports need to be blocked with plugs; S32, the joint, the coolant inlet, the coolant outlet, the phase change material inlet, and the phase change material outlet are all set as round straight pipes, which can be directly connected to the hose, or connected to the metal straight pipe through a pipe connector, or threadedly connected to the threaded pipe after tapping; S4. When the catalytic reactor is working, the reaction gas enters the reactor through the reaction gas inlet, passes through the reaction gas inlet, the reaction gas inlet channel, the reaction gas flow channel, the reaction gas outlet channel, and the reaction gas outlet in sequence, and a catalytic reaction occurs in the reaction gas flow channel to release heat; the coolant enters the reactor through the coolant inlet, passes through the coolant inlet channel, the coolant flow channel, the coolant outlet channel, and the coolant outlet in sequence, and flows out of the reactor from the coolant outlet; when the catalytic reactor is working, the heat released in the reaction gas flow channel is respectively transferred to the coolant in the coolant flow channel and the phase change material in the phase change material flow channel; the coolant in the coolant flow channel absorbs the reaction heat from the reaction gas flow channel and the heat from the phase change material in the phase change material flow channel, and takes the heat out of the reactor as the coolant flows; S41. If a temperature runaway phenomenon occurs during operation of the catalytic reactor, the phase change material in the phase change material flow channel will absorb the excessive heat generated in the reaction flow channel and undergo a phase change to maintain the temperature in the reaction flow channel; the heat absorbed by the phase change material will be taken away by the coolant; S5. After stopping the input of reaction gas into the catalytic reactor, the cooling process begins; the coolant continues to enter the reactor from the coolant inlet, passes through the coolant inlet, the coolant inlet channel, the coolant flow channel, the coolant outlet channel, the coolant outlet in sequence, and flows out of the reactor from the coolant outlet, taking away the phase change material and the residual heat in the reactor, until the reactor temperature drops to room temperature, and the introduction of the coolant is stopped.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. The present invention sets a phase change material flow channel in the catalytic reactor so that before the temperature runaway phenomenon occurs, the excess waste heat generated by the reaction of the reaction gas in the reaction gas flow channel can be transferred to the phase change material and absorbed and stored by the phase change material, thereby preventing the temperature runaway phenomenon from occurring. At the same time, the present invention sets a coolant flow channel in the catalytic reactor so that the reactor temperature is controllable. After the temperature runaway phenomenon occurs, the coolant can quickly take away the heat stored in the phase change material. Combining the above two points, the present invention can effectively control the reactor temperature, greatly reduce the occurrence of the temperature runaway phenomenon, and ensure the safety of the reactor.

[0017] 2. The present invention arranges the oxygen-consuming and inerting catalytic reaction in a microchannel, which not only reduces the volume of the reactor compared to the traditional catalytic reactor, but also greatly increases the reaction area in the reactor and improves the reaction efficiency; the cooling system in the present invention is also made into a microchannel form, which improves the cooling efficiency and can more efficiently control the temperature of the reactor.

[0018] 3. The present invention reduces the reaction gas flow channels, coolant flow channels, and phase change material flow channels inside the reactor to microchannel sizes, making the entire catalytic reactor compact in structure and smaller and lighter in overall size than traditional catalytic reactors, making it more suitable for the aviation field.

[0019] 4. The present invention adopts direct metal laser sintering technology to produce the catalytic reactor, which has integrated molding, high internal precision, minimal manufacturing restrictions, and high structural density, thus avoiding the internal stress and leakage problems caused by welding in the catalytic reactor manufactured by traditional welding methods.

[0020] 5. By setting a plurality of temperature measuring ports on both sides of the catalytic reactor and implementing S1 in the method, the present invention can measure the temperature of different positions of each medium inside the reactor to adjust the flow of reaction gas and coolant, thereby improving the controllable range and intelligence of the catalytic reactor.

[0021] 6. The connector, coolant inlet, coolant outlet, phase change material inlet, and phase change material outlet provided in the present invention are all round straight tubes, and their outer diameters can match the hoses and pipe connectors on the market, and their inner diameters conform to the British pipe thread standards. After tapping, they can be threadedly connected with threaded connectors, which is easy to install. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a right isometric view of the present invention. Figure 2 A top cross-sectional view of the present invention Figure 3 A front cross-sectional view of the present invention Figure 4 It is a left side cross-sectional view of the present invention Figure 5 It is a right side cross-sectional view of the present invention Figure 6 A side view of the present invention Figure 7 Isometric view of the joint of the present invention In the figure, 11, coolant temperature measuring port, 12, phase change material temperature measuring port, 13, reaction gas temperature measuring port, 21, reaction gas inlet, 22, reaction gas inlet channel, 23, reaction gas flow channel, 24, reaction gas outlet channel, 25, reaction gas outlet, 3, base, 41, phase change material inlet, 42, phase change material inlet channel, 43, phase change material flow channel, 44, phase change material outlet channel, 45, phase change material outlet, 46, phase change material channel support, 51, coolant inlet, 52, coolant inlet channel, 53, coolant flow channel, 54, coolant outlet channel, 55, coolant outlet, 56, coolant channel support, 6, connector. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] The present invention can be implemented in many different forms and should not be considered limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art.

[0026] like Figure 1-7 As shown, a catalytic reactor for an oxygen consumption inerting system comprises a cavity fixed on a base, wherein the cavity is provided with a reaction gas inlet 21, a reaction gas inlet channel 22, a reaction gas flow channel 23, a reaction gas outlet channel 24, and a reaction gas outlet 25 which are connected in sequence, a coolant inlet 51, a coolant inlet channel 52, a coolant flow channel 53, a coolant outlet channel 54, and a coolant outlet 55 which are connected in sequence, and a phase change material inlet 41, a phase change material inlet channel 42, a phase change material flow channel 43, a phase change material outlet channel 44, and a phase change material outlet 45 which are connected in sequence; the coolant flow channel 53, the reaction gas flow channel 23, and the phase change material flow channel are stacked in sequence from bottom to top and spaced from each other, and the reaction gas flow channel 23 and the coolant flow channel 53 are parallel to each other and perpendicular to the phase change material flow channel 43.

[0027] In this embodiment, there are nine cooling liquid temperature measuring ports and nine reaction gas temperature measuring ports, which are respectively arranged on the walls on both sides of the reactor; there are five phase change material temperature measuring ports, which are arranged on the front wall of the reaction gas; and a number of holes are punched on the base.

[0028] The cavity is provided with a cooling liquid temperature measuring port 11, a phase change material temperature measuring port 12, and a reaction gas temperature measuring port 13. A small hole is provided at the bottom of the cooling liquid temperature measuring port 11 to connect to the cooling liquid inlet channel 52, a small hole is provided at the bottom of the reaction gas temperature measuring port 13 to connect to the reaction gas inlet channel 22, and a small hole is provided at the bottom of the phase change material temperature measuring port 12 to connect to the phase change material inlet channel 42.

[0029] A coolant channel support 56 is arranged in the coolant inlet channel 52 and the coolant outlet channel 54 , and a plurality of small holes are opened on the coolant channel support 56 .

[0030] A phase change material channel support 46 is arranged in the phase change material inlet channel 42 and the phase change material outlet channel 44 , and a plurality of small holes are opened on the phase change material channel support 46 .

[0031] The reaction gas inlet 21 and the reaction gas outlet 25 are respectively fixed with a joint 6. The joint 6 is fixed to the reaction gas inlet 21 and the reaction gas outlet 25 by a pin, and the connection is sealed by an O-ring. The joint 6 is a flat structure.

[0032] The working method of the catalytic reactor for the oxygen consumption inerting system comprises the following steps: S1, coating catalyst: the catalyst liquid enters the reactor from the joint 6 and the reaction gas inlet 21, and passes through the reaction gas inlet 21, the reaction gas inlet channel 22, the reaction gas flow channel 23, the reaction gas outlet channel 24, and the reaction gas outlet 25 in sequence. After the catalyst liquid flows evenly through the reaction gas flow channel 23, it is sintered at high temperature so that the catalyst forms a catalyst coating in the reaction gas flow channel 23; S2, filling phase change material: liquid phase change material at high temperature enters the reactor from the phase change material inlet 41, passes through the phase change material inlet 41, the phase change material inlet channel 42, the phase change material flow channel 43, the phase change material outlet channel 44, and the phase change material outlet 45 in sequence, until the phase change material inlet channel 42, the phase change material flow channel 43, and the phase change material outlet channel 44 are filled, and the phase change material inlet 41 and the phase change material outlet 45 are sealed with an insulating material or a plug, and the phase change material is waited for cooling and solidification; S3, preheating the catalytic reactor: injecting high-temperature air from the joint 6 and the reaction gas inlet 21 for preheating; the high-temperature air flows through the reaction gas inlet 21, the reaction gas inlet channel 22, the reaction gas flow channel 23, the reaction gas outlet channel 24, and the reaction gas outlet 25 in sequence until the temperature of the catalytic reactor rises to the required temperature, and then the ventilation is stopped; S31. If temperature measurement is required, the thermocouple probe can be inserted into the coolant flow channel, the phase change material flow channel, and the reaction gas flow channel through the coolant temperature measuring port, the phase change material temperature measuring port, and the reaction gas temperature measuring port respectively; there are 9 coolant temperature measuring ports and reaction gas temperature measuring ports, and 5 phase change material flow channels, and the reaction gas temperature, coolant temperature, and phase change material temperature at different positions in the reactor can be measured as required; if temperature measurement is not required, all coolant temperature measuring ports, phase change material temperature measuring ports, and reaction gas temperature measuring ports need to be blocked with plugs; S32, the joint, the coolant inlet, the coolant outlet, the phase change material inlet, and the phase change material outlet are all set as round straight pipes, which can be directly connected to the hose, or connected to the metal straight pipe through a pipe connector, or threadedly connected to the threaded pipe after tapping; S4, when the catalytic reactor is working, the reaction gas enters the reactor through the reaction gas inlet 21, passes through the reaction gas inlet 21, the reaction gas inlet channel 22, the reaction gas flow channel 23, the reaction gas outlet channel 24, and the reaction gas outlet 25 in sequence, and a catalytic reaction occurs in the reaction gas flow channel 23 to release heat; the coolant enters the reactor through the coolant inlet 51, passes through the coolant inlet 51, the coolant inlet channel 52, the coolant flow channel 53, the coolant outlet channel 54, and the coolant outlet 55 in sequence, and flows out of the reactor from the coolant outlet 55; at this time, the heat released in the reaction gas flow channel 23 is respectively transferred to the coolant in the coolant flow channel 53 and the phase change material in the phase change material flow channel 43; the coolant in the coolant flow channel 53 absorbs the reaction heat from the reaction gas flow channel 23 and the heat from the phase change material in the phase change material flow channel 43, and takes the heat out of the reactor as the coolant flows; S41. If a temperature runaway phenomenon occurs during operation of the catalytic reactor, the phase change material in the phase change material flow channel will absorb the excess heat generated in the reaction flow channel and undergo a phase change to maintain the temperature in the reaction flow channel; the heat absorbed by the phase change material will be taken away by the coolant.

[0033] S5. After the reaction gas is stopped from being input into the catalytic reactor, the cooling process is entered; the coolant continues to enter the reactor from the coolant inlet 51, passes through the coolant inlet 51, the coolant inlet channel 52, the coolant flow channel 53, the coolant outlet channel 54, and the coolant outlet 55 in sequence, and flows out of the reactor from the coolant outlet 55, taking away the phase change material and the residual heat in the reactor, until the temperature of the reactor drops to room temperature, and the introduction of the coolant is stopped.

[0034] Each embodiment in this specification is described in a progressive manner, and the same or similar parts between the embodiments can be referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. In particular, for the device embodiment, the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Since it is basically similar to the method embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant parts can be referred to the partial description of the method embodiment. The above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to this. Any technician familiar with the technical field is within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention. For ordinary technicians in the technical field, changes or replacements that can be easily thought of should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention without departing from the principle of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A catalytic reactor for an oxygen consumption inerting system, comprising a cavity fixed on a base, characterized in that: The cavity is provided with a reaction gas inlet (21), a reaction gas inlet channel (22), a reaction gas flow channel (23), a reaction gas outlet channel (24), and a reaction gas outlet (25) which are connected in sequence; a coolant inlet (51), a coolant inlet channel (52), a coolant flow channel (53), a coolant outlet channel (54), and a coolant outlet (55) which are connected in sequence; and a phase change material inlet (41), a phase change material inlet channel (42), a phase change material flow channel (43), a phase change material outlet channel (44), and a phase change material outlet (45) which are connected in sequence; the coolant flow channel (53), the reaction gas flow channel (23), and the phase change material flow channel (43) are stacked in sequence from bottom to top and are spaced apart from each other; the reaction gas flow channel (23) and the coolant flow channel (53) are parallel to each other and perpendicular to the phase change material flow channel (43).

2. The catalytic reactor for an oxygen consumption inerting system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cavity is provided with a cooling liquid temperature measuring port (11), a phase change material temperature measuring port (12), and a reaction gas temperature measuring port (13); a small hole is provided at the bottom of the cooling liquid temperature measuring port (11) to communicate with a cooling liquid inlet channel (52); a small hole is provided at the bottom of the reaction gas temperature measuring port (13) to communicate with a reaction gas inlet channel (22); and a small hole is provided at the bottom of the phase change material temperature measuring port (12) to communicate with a phase change material inlet channel (42).

3. The catalytic reactor for an oxygen consumption inerting system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A cooling liquid channel support (56) is arranged in the cooling liquid inlet channel (52) and the cooling liquid outlet channel (54), and a plurality of small holes are formed on the cooling liquid channel support (56).

4. The catalytic reactor for an oxygen consumption inerting system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A phase change material channel support (46) is arranged in the phase change material inlet channel (42) and the phase change material outlet channel (44), and a plurality of small holes are opened on the phase change material channel support (46).

5. The catalytic reactor for an oxygen consumption inerting system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reaction gas inlet (21) and the reaction gas outlet (25) are respectively fixed with joints (6).

6. The catalytic reactor for an oxygen consumption inerting system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The joint (6) is fixed to the reaction gas inlet (21) and the reaction gas outlet (25) via a pin, and the connection is sealed by an O-ring.

7. The catalytic reactor for an oxygen-consuming inerting system according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that: The joint (6) is a flat-mouth structure.

8. A method for operating a catalytic reactor for an oxygen consumption inerting system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that The following steps are involved: S1. Catalyst coating: The catalyst liquid enters the reactor from the joint (6) and the reaction gas inlet (21), and passes through the reaction gas inlet (21), the reaction gas inlet channel (22), the reaction gas flow channel (23), the reaction gas outlet channel (24), and the reaction gas outlet (25) in sequence. After the catalyst liquid flows evenly through the reaction gas flow channel (23), it is sintered at high temperature so that the catalyst forms a catalyst coating in the reaction gas flow channel (23); S2, filling phase change material: liquid phase change material at high temperature enters the reactor from the phase change material inlet (41), passes through the phase change material inlet (41), the phase change material inlet channel (42), the phase change material flow channel (43), the phase change material outlet channel (44), and the phase change material outlet (45) in sequence, until the phase change material inlet channel (42), the phase change material flow channel (43), and the phase change material outlet channel (44) are filled, and the phase change material inlet (41) and the phase change material outlet (45) are sealed with an insulating material or a plug, and the phase change material is allowed to cool and solidify; S3, preheating the catalytic reactor: injecting high-temperature air from the joint (6) and the reaction gas inlet (21) for preheating; the high-temperature air flows through the reaction gas inlet (21), the reaction gas inlet channel (22), the reaction gas flow channel (23), the reaction gas outlet channel (24), and the reaction gas outlet (25) in sequence until the temperature of the catalytic reactor rises to the required temperature, and then the ventilation is stopped; S4. When the catalytic reactor is working, the reaction gas enters the reactor through the reaction gas inlet (21), passes through the reaction gas inlet (21), the reaction gas inlet channel (22), the reaction gas flow channel (23), the reaction gas outlet channel (24), and the reaction gas outlet (25) in sequence, and a catalytic reaction occurs in the reaction gas flow channel (23) to release heat; the coolant enters the reactor through the coolant inlet (51), passes through the coolant inlet (51), the coolant inlet channel (52), the coolant flow channel (53), the coolant outlet channel (54), and the coolant outlet (55) in sequence, and flows out of the reactor from the coolant outlet (55); at this time, the heat released in the reaction gas flow channel (23) is respectively transferred to the coolant in the coolant flow channel (53) and the phase change material in the phase change material flow channel (43); the coolant in the coolant flow channel (53) absorbs the reaction heat from the reaction gas flow channel (23) and the heat from the phase change material in the phase change material flow channel (43), and carries the heat out of the reactor as the coolant flows; S5. After the reaction gas is stopped from being fed into the catalytic reactor, the cooling process is started; the coolant continues to enter the reactor from the coolant inlet (51), passes through the coolant inlet (51), the coolant inlet channel (52), the coolant flow channel (53), the coolant outlet channel (54), and the coolant outlet (55) in sequence, and flows out of the reactor from the coolant outlet (55), taking away the phase change material and the residual heat in the reactor, until the reactor temperature drops to room temperature, and the introduction of the coolant is stopped.

9. The working method of the catalytic reactor for the oxygen consumption inerting system according to claim 8, characterized in that: In the step S3, the following steps are also included: If temperature measurement is required, the thermocouple probe is inserted into the coolant flow channel (53), the phase change material flow channel (43), and the reaction gas flow channel (23) through the coolant temperature measuring port (11), the phase change material temperature measuring port (12), and the reaction gas temperature measuring port (13) respectively; if temperature measurement is not required, all the coolant temperature measuring ports (11), the phase change material temperature measuring ports (12), and the reaction gas temperature measuring ports (13) need to be blocked with plugs.

10. The working method of the catalytic reactor for the oxygen consumption inerting system according to claim 8, characterized in that: In the step S4, the following steps are also included: If a temperature runaway phenomenon occurs during operation of the catalytic reactor, the phase change material in the phase change material flow channel (43) absorbs the excess heat generated in the reaction flow channel (23) and undergoes a phase change to maintain the temperature in the reaction flow channel (23); the heat absorbed by the phase change material is carried away by the coolant.

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