Self-flowing cooling system and ship

Abstract

The invention provides a self-flowing cooling system which comprises a circulating pipeline and a heat exchanger connected to the circulating pipeline, one end of the circulating pipeline is communicated with a self-flowing water inlet, the other end of the circulating pipeline is communicated with a self-flowing water outlet, and a phase change heat storage box is connected to a pipeline, communicated with the self-flowing water inlet, of the heat exchanger in parallel. A phase change heat storage material is arranged in the phase change heat storage box, and the water inlet end of the phase change heat storage box is connected with a starting valve. According to the self-flowing cooling system provided by the invention, the phase-change heat storage box is connected in parallel to the pipeline for communicating the heat exchanger with the self-flowing water inlet, the phase-change heat storage material is arranged in the phase-change heat storage box, and the opening and closing of the water inlet of the phase-change heat storage box are controlled through the starting valve. When the navigational speed is lower than a certain value, the starting valve is opened, the phase change heat storage material in the phase change heat storage box is injected into the loop along with water flow and flows into the heat exchanger, and the heat exchange effect of the self-flowing cooling system at the low navigational speed is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of ship cooling systems, and in particular to a gravity cooling system and a ship. Background Art

[0002] In order to meet the cooling needs during the operation of the ship power system, a sea-flow cooling system is installed in the ship power system, which is responsible for cooling various equipment and ensuring the normal operation of various equipment in the ship power unit. During operation, the sea-flow cooling system draws seawater from the ocean and flows it into the heat exchanger, where the seawater absorbs the heat generated by the system equipment, and finally the heated seawater returns to the ocean along the pipeline.

[0003] However, when the ship's speed is low, the cooling flow rate of the Tonghai gravity cooling system is too small to meet the cooling needs of the equipment in the power plant, and the system cannot achieve complete gravity cooling. Therefore, the current Tonghai gravity cooling system has the problem of insufficient cooling capacity at low speeds. Summary of the invention

[0004] The invention provides a gravity cooling system to solve the defect of insufficient cooling capacity at low ship speed in the prior art.

[0005] According to a gravity cooling system provided by the present invention, a gravity cooling system comprises a circulation pipeline and a heat exchanger connected to the circulation pipeline, one end of the circulation pipeline is connected to the gravity water inlet, and the other end of the circulation pipeline is connected to the gravity water outlet, a phase change heat storage box is connected in parallel to the pipeline connecting the heat exchanger and the gravity water inlet, a phase change heat storage box is provided with a phase change heat storage material, and a starting valve is connected to the water inlet end of the phase change heat storage box.

[0006] A gravity cooling system provided according to the present invention further includes a water pump, which is connected to the circulation pipeline and drives the water flow in the circulation pipeline from the gravity water inlet to the gravity water outlet.

[0007] According to a gravity cooling system provided by the present invention, a flow stabilizing device is connected in series on the circulation pipeline, and the flow stabilizing device is located between the gravity water inlet and the phase change heat storage tank.

[0008] According to a gravity cooling system provided by the present invention, a filter is connected in series on the circulation pipeline, and the filter is located between the gravity water inlet and the phase change heat storage tank.

[0009] According to a gravity cooling system provided by the present invention, the starting valve is configured as a flow regulating valve.

[0010] According to a gravity cooling system provided by the present invention, the phase change heat storage material is configured as a solid-liquid phase change heat storage material.

[0011] According to a gravity cooling system provided by the present invention, the phase change heat storage material is provided in a granular form.

[0012] According to a gravity cooling system provided by the present invention, the particle size of the phase change heat storage material is set to 0.05L-0.1L, and L is the minimum gap through which water flows from the diversion component to the gravity water outlet in the gravity cooling system.

[0013] An embodiment of the present invention further provides a ship, comprising a hull and any one of the above-mentioned gravity cooling systems, wherein the hull is provided with a gravity water inlet and a gravity water outlet.

[0014] According to a ship of one embodiment of the present invention, the opening direction of the gravity water inlet is the same as the sailing direction of the hull, and the port of the gravity water outlet is flush with the hull.

[0015] The gravity cooling system provided by the present invention connects a phase change heat storage tank in parallel to the pipeline connecting the heat exchanger and the gravity water inlet, arranges phase change heat storage materials in the phase change heat storage tank, and controls the opening and closing of the water inlet of the phase change heat storage tank by using a starting valve. Under high-speed conditions, the cooling system uses the dynamic pressure head of the oncoming flow during the ship's voyage to draw cold water from the outside, and the cold water is discharged after heat exchange in the heat exchanger. When it is lower than a certain value, the starting valve opens, and the phase change heat storage material in the phase change heat storage tank is injected into the loop with the water flow and flows into the heat exchanger. The phase change heat storage material improves the heat transfer capacity of the system under unit volume flow, thereby improving the heat exchange effect of the gravity cooling system under low speed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0017] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a gravity cooling system water pump and a phase change heat storage tank connected in parallel provided by the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of a gravity cooling system water pump provided by the present invention when it is arranged between a phase change heat storage tank and a gravity water inlet.

[0019] Reference numerals: 1. Circulation pipeline; 11. Gravity generator; 2. Heat exchanger; 3. Water pump; 4. Flow stabilizing device; 5. Filter; 6. Phase change heat storage tank; 61. Start valve; 7. Hull; 71. Gravity water inlet; 72. Gravity water outlet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] The features of the terms "first" and "second" in the specification and claims of the present invention may include one or more of the features explicitly or implicitly. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more. In addition, "and / or" in the specification and claims means at least one of the connected objects, and the character " / " generally means that the objects associated before and after are in an "or" relationship.

[0022] In the description of the present invention, it needs to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0023] Combine the following Figure 1-Figure 2 The gravity cooling system of the present invention is described.

[0024] The present invention provides a gravity cooling system, as shown in the figure, a gravity cooling system, comprising a circulation pipeline 1 and a heat exchanger 2 connected to the circulation pipeline 1. One end of the circulation pipeline 1 is connected to a gravity water inlet 71, and the other end of the circulation pipeline 1 is connected to a gravity water outlet 72. A phase change heat storage tank 6 is connected in parallel to the pipeline connecting the heat exchanger 2 and the gravity water inlet 71. A phase change heat storage material is arranged in the phase change heat storage tank 6, and a start valve 61 is connected to the water inlet of the phase change heat storage tank 6.

[0025] Specifically, as shown in the figure, the heat exchanger 2 is connected to the circulation pipeline 1, one end of the circulation pipeline 1 is connected to the gravity water inlet 71, and the other end of the circulation pipeline 1 is connected to the gravity water outlet 72. The cold water from the outside flows in from the gravity water inlet 71, passes through the heat exchanger 2 for heat exchange, and then is discharged to the outside from the gravity water outlet 72. The pipeline connecting the heat exchanger 2 and the gravity water inlet 71 is connected in parallel with the phase change heat storage tank 6, and the phase change heat storage material is arranged in the phase change heat storage tank 6. The start valve 61 is connected to the water inlet of the phase change heat storage tank 6. When the start valve 61 is closed, the cold water from the outside only enters the heat exchanger 2 from the connecting pipeline. When the start valve 61 is opened, the cold water from the outside passes through the circulation pipeline 1 and the phase change heat storage tank 6 respectively and then enters the heat exchanger 2 to participate in heat exchange. The cold water passing through the phase change heat storage tank 6 brings the heat exchange and heat storage material in the phase change heat storage tank 6 into the heat exchanger 2 to participate in heat exchange.

[0026] When using the gravity cooling system, when the ship is at a high speed, the start valve 61 is closed. At this time, there is a large speed difference between the ship and the external water body. The gravity cooling system uses the dynamic pressure head of the oncoming flow during the ship's navigation to draw external cold water through the gravity water inlet 71. The sucked cold water enters the heat exchanger 2 through the connecting pipe. After the external cold water absorbs the heat generated during the operation of the ship's power unit in the heat exchanger 2, it returns to the external water body through the gravity water outlet 72 through the pipe. The system completely relies on gravity to realize the flow of external cold water to take away the heat generated by the power unit. At the same time, since the start valve 61 is in a closed state, the phase change heat storage material in the phase change heat storage tank 6 is stored in the phase change heat storage tank 6. When the speed of the ship gradually decreases and is lower than a certain limit, the speed difference between the ship and the external water body is relatively small. The dynamic pressure head generated by the gravity water inlet 71 in the gravity cooling system is small, and the flow rate of cold water sucked by the system is insufficient to meet the cooling needs of the ship's equipment. At this time, the start valve 61 is opened, and the cold water sucked into the system passes through the phase change heat storage tank 6 and the connecting pipe and enters the heat exchanger 2. When the cold water passes through the phase change heat storage tank 6, the phase change heat storage material in the phase change heat storage tank 6 is taken out, and the phase change heat storage material and the cold water flow into the heat exchanger 2 together. In the heat exchanger 2, the phase change heat storage material absorbs heat and flows out of the heat exchanger 2 with the seawater, and enters the ocean through the pipeline from the gravity water outlet 72. Under the heat absorption effect of the phase change heat storage material, the heat transfer capacity of the system per unit volume flow is improved, thereby improving the cooling effect.

[0027] The gravity cooling system provided by the present invention connects the phase change heat storage tank 6 in parallel to the pipeline connecting the heat exchanger 2 and the gravity water inlet 71, arranges the phase change heat storage tank 6 in the phase change heat storage tank 6, and controls the opening and closing of the inlet of the phase change heat storage tank 6 by starting the valve 61. Under high-speed conditions, the cooling system uses the dynamic pressure head of the oncoming flow during the ship's voyage to draw cold water from the outside, and the cold water is discharged after heat exchange in the heat exchanger 2. When it is lower than a certain value, the starting valve 61 is opened, and the phase change heat storage material in the phase change heat storage tank 6 is injected into the loop with the water flow and flows into the heat exchanger. The phase change heat storage material improves the heat transfer capacity of the system under unit volume flow, thereby improving the heat exchange effect of the gravity cooling system under low speed.

[0028] The gravity cooling system provided by the present invention further includes a water pump 3 , which is connected to the circulation pipe 1 , and drives the water flow in the circulation pipe 1 from the gravity water inlet 71 to the gravity water outlet 72 .

[0029] In a specific embodiment, as shown in the figure, the water pump 3 is connected to the circulation pipe 1, and the water pump 3 is connected in parallel with the phase change heat storage tank 6. When the ship is in a high speed condition, the start valve 61 is closed, and the sucked cold water enters the heat exchanger 2 through the connecting pipe. At this time, the water pump 3 does not need to be started, and the water pump 3 is in a follow-up state. When the speed of the ship gradually decreases, and the low-speed cold water alone cannot meet the cooling of the ship equipment, the start valve 61 is opened, and the cold water sucked by the system passes through the phase change heat storage tank 6 and the connecting pipe respectively. The phase change heat storage material in the phase change heat storage tank 6 is injected into the heat exchanger 2 to participate in heat exchange, which improves the heat exchange effect of the self-flow cooling system at low speed. At this time, the water pump 3 does not need to be started. When the ship's speed is further reduced, the speed difference between the ship and the external water body is further reduced. The synergistic effect of the external cold water and the phase change heat storage material cannot meet the cooling of the ship equipment only through self-flow drive. At this time, the water pump 3 is turned on. Driven by the water pump 3, seawater is sucked in from the gravity water inlet 71 and then enters the heat exchanger 2 for heat exchange. After the heat exchange is completed in the heat exchanger, the seawater returns to the external water body through the water outlet. At this time, the start valve 61 is closed to prevent cold water from forming a circulation loop between the water pump 3 and the phase change heat storage tank 6.

[0030] In another optional embodiment, the water pump 3 is connected to the circulation pipeline 1, and the water pump 3 is arranged between the phase change heat storage tank 6 and the gravity water inlet 71. When the ship's speed is further reduced, the speed difference between the ship and the external water body is further reduced. The synergistic effect of the external cold water and the phase change heat storage material cannot meet the cooling of the ship equipment only by gravity drive. At this time, the water pump 3 is turned on. When the water pump 3 is turned on, the start valve 61 can also be opened so that the cold water passes through the phase change heat storage tank 6 and brings the phase change heat storage material in the phase change heat storage tank 6 into the heat exchanger 2, thereby improving the cooling effect and reducing the requirements for the head of the water pump 3. Of course, the water pump 3 can also be connected to other positions of the circulation pipeline 1 to drive the cold water from the gravity water inlet 71 to the gravity water outlet 72.

[0031] Furthermore, a flow stabilizing device 4 is connected in series to the circulation pipeline 1, and the flow stabilizing device 4 is located between the gravity water inlet 71 and the phase change heat storage tank 6. Specifically, the flow stabilizing device 4 is arranged between the gravity water inlet 71 and the phase change heat storage tank 6, and the flow stabilizing device 4 can be arranged as a flow balancing orifice plate or a flow stabilizing tank, so that the cold water flowing out of the flow stabilizing device 4 flows more stably in the circulation pipeline 1.

[0032] Furthermore, the gravity cooling system further comprises a filter 5, which is disposed between the diversion assembly and the gravity water inlet 71, and is used for filtering water entering the diversion assembly.

[0033] Specifically, as shown in the figure, a filter 5 is connected in series on the circulation pipeline 1, and the filter 5 is located between the phase change heat storage tank 6 and the gravity water inlet 71. The water inlet of the filter 5 is connected to the gravity water inlet 71, and the water outlet of the filter 5 is connected to the water inlet of the flow stabilizing device 4. The cold water entering from the gravity water inlet 71 passes through the filter 5 and then enters the flow stabilizing device 4. The filter 5 filters the cold water sucked from the gravity water inlet 71.

[0034] Furthermore, the start valve 61 is set as a flow regulating valve. The start valve 61 is set as a flow regulating valve, and the opening and closing of the channel for cold water to enter the phase change heat storage tank 6 are regulated by the flow regulating valve. At the same time, by adjusting the opening of the flow regulating valve, the flow entering the phase change heat storage tank 6 is regulated, thereby adjusting the amount of phase change heat storage material entering the circulation pipeline 1.

[0035] Furthermore, the phase change heat storage material is set as a solid-liquid phase change heat storage material. When the temperature of the solid-liquid phase change heat storage material is higher than the phase change point, the physical phase changes from solid to liquid and absorbs heat; when the temperature drops, the physical phase changes from liquid to solid and releases heat. The solid-liquid phase change heat storage material selects a phase change point lower than the temperature of the heat source input to the heat exchanger. When the solid-liquid phase change heat storage material is set in the phase change heat storage box 6, the solid-liquid phase change heat storage material is solid. When the solid-liquid phase change heat storage material passes through the heat exchanger 2, it absorbs heat and gradually melts, thereby avoiding the blockage of the heat exchanger 2 by the phase change heat storage material.

[0036] Furthermore, the phase change heat storage material is set to be granular. The particle size of the phase change heat storage material is set to 0.05L-0.1L, and L is the minimum gap through which the water flows from the diversion component to the gravity water outlet 72 in the gravity cooling system. The phase change heat storage material enters the heat exchanger 2 with the cold water in the state of solid particles for heat exchange. The solid particle phase change heat storage material gradually absorbs heat and melts into a liquid phase in the heat exchanger 2. At the same time, before the phase change heat storage material particles are completely melted, the solid phase phase change heat storage material particles form a stirring effect in the heat exchanger 2, which improves the heat exchange effect by disturbing the thermal boundary layer of the heat exchange tube, thereby also achieving an improvement in the system heat transfer capacity under unit volume flow.

[0037] The embodiment of the present invention further provides a ship, which includes a hull 7 and a gravity cooling system as described in any of the above embodiments, wherein the hull 7 is provided with a gravity water inlet 71 and a gravity water outlet 72. The gravity water inlet 71 and the gravity water outlet 72 are respectively connected to an external water source, and when the gravity cooling system is connected to the hull 7, one end of the circulation pipe 1 is connected to the gravity water inlet 71, and the other end of the circulation pipe 1 is connected to the gravity water outlet 72, and external cold water flows in from the gravity water inlet 71, passes through the heat exchanger 2 for heat exchange, and then is discharged to the outside from the gravity water outlet 72.

[0038] Further, the opening direction of the gravity water inlet 71 is the same as the sailing direction of the hull 7, and the port of the gravity water outlet 72 is flush with the hull 7. Specifically, the gravity generator 11 protruding outward is connected to the bottom of the hull 7, one end of the gravity generator 11 is connected to the bottom of the hull 7 and communicated with the connecting pipe, and the other end of the gravity generator 11 is set as the gravity water inlet 71, and the opening direction of the gravity water inlet 71 is the same as the sailing direction of the hull 7. The gravity water inlet 71 uses the dynamic pressure head of the headstream during the ship's navigation to suck in external cold water. The port of the gravity water outlet 72 is flush with the bottom of the hull 7, thereby reducing the resistance of the hull 7 during the travel process.

[0039] The ship provided in the embodiment of the present invention provides cooling for the ship's equipment by connecting a gravity cooling system to the hull 7. When the ship's speed gradually decreases, the dynamic pressure head generated by the gravity water inlet 71 in the gravity cooling system is too small, and the flow rate of cold water sucked into the system is insufficient to meet the cooling needs of the ship's equipment. At this time, the start valve 61 is opened, and the cold water brings out the phase change heat storage material in the phase change heat storage tank 6 when passing through the phase change heat storage tank 6, and the phase change heat storage material flows into the heat exchanger 2 together with the cold water. Under the heat absorption effect of the phase change heat storage material, the heat transfer capacity of the system per unit volume flow rate is improved, thereby improving the cooling effect. At the same time, before the phase change heat storage material particles are completely melted, the solid phase phase change heat storage material particles form a stirring effect in the heat exchanger 2, and the heat exchange effect is further improved by disturbing the thermal boundary layer of the heat exchange tube.

[0040] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A gravity cooling system, characterized in that: The invention comprises a circulation pipeline and a heat exchanger connected to the circulation pipeline, wherein one end of the circulation pipeline is connected to a gravity water inlet, and the other end of the circulation pipeline is connected to the gravity water outlet, a phase change heat storage tank is connected in parallel to the pipeline connecting the heat exchanger and the gravity water inlet, a phase change heat storage tank is arranged with a phase change heat storage material, and a starting valve is connected to the water inlet end of the phase change heat storage tank.

2. The gravity cooling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a water pump, which is connected to the circulation pipeline and drives the water flow in the circulation pipeline from the gravity water inlet to the gravity water outlet.

3. The gravity cooling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A flow stabilizing device is connected in series on the circulation pipeline, and the flow stabilizing device is located between the gravity water inlet and the phase change heat storage tank.

4. The gravity cooling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A filter is connected in series on the circulation pipeline, and the filter is located between the gravity water inlet and the phase change heat storage tank.

5. The gravity cooling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The starting valve is configured as a flow regulating valve.

6. The gravity cooling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The phase change heat storage material is configured as a solid-liquid phase change heat storage material.

7. The gravity cooling system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The phase change heat storage material is arranged in a granular form.

8. The gravity cooling system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The particle size of the phase change heat storage material is set to 0.05L-0.1L, where L is the minimum gap through which water flows from the diversion component to the gravity water outlet in the gravity cooling system.

9. A ship, characterized in that: The invention comprises a hull and a gravity cooling system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein a gravity water inlet and a gravity water outlet are provided at the bottom of the hull.

10. The ship according to claim 9, characterized in that: The opening direction of the gravity water inlet is the same as the sailing direction of the hull, and the port of the gravity water outlet is flush with the hull.

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