Automatic pressure relief device for controlling excessive water pressure of underground garage

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of constructional engineering, and particularly relates to an automatic pressure relief device for controlling water pressure of an underground garage, which comprises a sump, a water guide pipe and a linkage control mechanism. The linkage control mechanism is provided with a power storage device, a transmission gear, a pinion and a circular turning plate. The water guide pipe is arranged in the water collection pit, the power storage device is composed of a transmission handle, an upper force gear and the like, and the transmission handle is connected to the upper force gear through a ratchet seat. The transmission gear is connected with the power gear and the small gear, the round turning plate is connected with a small gear rotating shaft and rotates on the water guide pipe, and limiting jacking iron capable of limiting the round turning plate is welded in the water guide pipe. A maintenance shell is arranged outside the linkage control mechanism, and a positioning round hole and a limiting rectangular hole are formed and connected with a transmission handle and a transmission gear rotating shaft respectively; compared with the prior art, the device has the advantages that a mechanical device is not prone to failure, long-time operation can be achieved, and the maintenance cost is low, the anti-floating anchor rod or uplift pile work amount can be saved, and the problem that the garage water pressure roughly cracks and leaks water due to bottom plate cracking can be solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of construction engineering, and in particular to an automatic pressure relief device for controlling excessive water pressure in an underground garage. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, with the increasing shortage of land resources, urban underground space has been widely developed and utilized, and quality and safety problems such as cracking and leakage in basements have emerged one after another. Short-term heavy rainfall in summer causes excessive local water pressure below the basement raft, and the instantaneous huge water buoyancy is the main factor in the destruction of the raft. The existing solution is mainly to control the groundwater pressure by means of plain concrete weighting, anti-pullout piles and anti-floating anchors. These methods not only have a long construction period and high cost. In particular, the rise in groundwater level is short-term, and using these long-term means to solve short-term problems is obviously not cost-effective. After the anti-floating problem of the garage raft, the existing technical means are mainly to repair the cracks, and then use the practical hydrophobic board to drain the water. The integrity of the raft is difficult to restore as before, and the risk of cracking again at the cracks increases, and it is often difficult to achieve the expected effect. Therefore, it is urgent to invent a mechanical device with low cost, convenient construction, timely and effective pressure relief. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention develops an automatic pressure relief device for controlling excessive water pressure in underground garages. The device has the advantages of being not prone to failure and being able to operate for a long time, and having low maintenance costs. It can save the amount of anti-floating anchor rods or anti-pullout piles and can solve the problem of cracking and leakage of the bottom plate due to excessive water pressure in garages.

[0004] The technical solution to the technical problem solved by the present invention is: an automatic pressure relief device for controlling excessive water pressure in an underground garage, comprising a sump, a water pipe and a linkage control mechanism, the linkage control mechanism comprising a power storage device, a transmission gear, a pinion and a circular flap, the water pipe is vertically arranged in the sump, the power storage device comprises a transmission handle, a power storage device and an upper tightening gear, the transmission handle is connected to the upper tightening gear through a ratchet seat, and the upper tightening gear is provided with a power storage device; the transmission gear is a double gear, the small diameter gear of the double gear is meshed and connected with the upper tightening gear, the pinion is meshed and connected with the large diameter gear of the double gear, the circular flap is connected with the rotating shaft of the pinion, the pinion is rotatably connected to the water pipe, and a limited top iron is welded at a position near the lower part of the circular flap inside the water pipe; A maintenance shell is arranged on the periphery of the linkage control mechanism, and the maintenance plates constituting the maintenance shell are detachably connected to each other. A positioning circular hole and a limiting rectangular hole are arranged on the maintenance shell, the transmission handle is rotatably connected in the positioning circular hole, and the rotating shaft of the transmission gear is slidably connected in the limiting rectangular hole.

[0005] Preferably, the power storage device is a clockwork spring, one end of which is connected to the transmission handle, and the other end of which is connected to the winding gear.

[0006] Preferably, the water pipe is pre-buried in a sump.

[0007] Preferably, a water filter layer is provided at the bottom of the sump, and a water inlet hole is provided at one end of the water pipe close to the water filter layer.

[0008] Preferably, the water filtration layer comprises a gravel layer and a pebble layer.

[0009] Preferably, the projection of the water filter layer in the vertical direction is an inverted trapezoid.

[0010] Preferably, the particle size of the crushed stones in the crushed stone layer is 7-15 mm.

[0011] Preferably, the particle size of the pebbles in the pebble layer is 25-40 mm.

[0012] Preferably, a geotextile is disposed outside the water filtration layer, and the geotextile is continuously disposed around the water filtration layer.

[0013] The effects provided in the content of the invention are only the effects of the embodiments, rather than all the effects of the invention. The above technical solution has the following advantages or beneficial effects: 1. By using a spring as a power storage device, combined with a linkage control mechanism consisting of a ratchet seat and a tightening gear, the mechanical structure is stable and reliable, not prone to failure, and can ensure long-term operation of the device, and the maintenance cost is greatly reduced; 2. By controlling the transmission handle, the pressure difference can be manually set to adapt to environmental requirements of different water pressures; 3. The water pipe can be pre-buried during construction, which is easy to operate and does not affect the overall construction process; 4. A water filter layer is set at the bottom of the sump, which can effectively filter impurities, prevent pipe blockage, and further ensure the stable operation of the device; 5. The vertical projection of the water filter layer is an inverted trapezoid, which can resist the pressure at the bottom of the sump to a certain extent, reduce the pressure at the bottom of the sump, better protect the sump, and increase the service life of the building; 6. By arranging geotextiles around the outer periphery of the filter layer, on the one hand, the water can be initially filtered, and on the other hand, the geotextiles can effectively prevent the filter layer from displacement or deformation due to force, thereby improving the stability of the filter layer; 7. By setting the limiting rectangular hole, the transmission gear can move up and down. When tightening the tensioning gear, the transmission gear can move away from the pinion gear and disengage from the pinion gear, ensuring that the flap will not rotate during the tightening process. After the tightening is completed, due to the power stored in the power storage device, the tightening gear will push the transmission gear to contact the pinion gear again, which makes the operation more convenient and will not affect the stability during use. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the practical application of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional split diagram of the power unit; Figure 4 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the transmission device; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the installation position of the transmission handle and the transmission gear shaft; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the combination of the water pipe and the transmission device.

[0015] Among them: 1. water pipe; 101. water inlet hole; 2. round flap; 3. small gear; 4. transmission gear; 5. transmission handle; 6. clockwork spring; 7. tensioning gear; 8. maintenance shell; 9. positioning circular hole; 10. limiting rectangular hole; 11. ratchet seat; 12. limiting top iron; 13. sump; 14. gravel layer; 15. pebble layer; 16. geotextile. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] In order to clearly illustrate the technical features of the present invention, the present invention is described in detail below through specific implementation methods and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0017] Example 1 See also Figures 1 to 6 , an automatic pressure relief device for controlling excessive water pressure in an underground garage, comprising a sump 13, a water pipe 1 and a linkage control mechanism, the linkage control mechanism comprising a power storage device, a transmission gear 4, a pinion 3 and a circular flap 2, the water pipe 1 is vertically arranged in the sump 13, the power storage device comprises a transmission handle 5, a power storage device and an upper gear 7, the transmission handle 5 is connected to the upper gear 7 through a ratchet seat 11, and the upper gear 7 is provided with a power storage device; the transmission gear 4 is a double gear, the small diameter gear of the double gear is meshed and connected with the upper gear 7, the pinion 3 is meshed and connected with the large diameter gear of the double gear, the circular flap 2 is connected to the rotating shaft of the pinion 3, the pinion 3 is rotatably connected to the water pipe 1, and a limited top iron 12 is welded at a position near the lower part of the circular flap 2 inside the water pipe 1; A maintenance shell 8 is arranged on the periphery of the linkage control mechanism, and the maintenance plates constituting the maintenance shell 8 are detachably connected to each other. A positioning circular hole 9 and a limiting rectangular hole 10 are arranged on the maintenance shell 8. The transmission handle 5 is rotatably connected in the positioning circular hole 9, and the rotating shaft of the transmission gear 4 is slidably connected in the limiting rectangular hole 10.

[0018] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the power storage device is a clockwork spring 6, one end of which is connected to the transmission handle 5, and the other end is connected to the winding gear 7.

[0019] like Figure 1 As shown, the water pipe 1 is pre-buried in the sump 13 .

[0020] like Figure 1 As shown, a water filter layer is provided at the bottom of the sump 13, and a water inlet hole 101 is provided at one end of the water pipe 1 close to the water filter layer.

[0021] like Figure 1 As shown, the water filtration layer includes a gravel layer 14 and a pebble layer 15 .

[0022] like Figure 1 As shown, the projection of the water filtration layer in the vertical direction is an inverted trapezoid.

[0023] like Figure 1 As shown, the particle size of the crushed stones in the crushed stone layer 14 is 7-15 mm.

[0024] like Figure 1 As shown, the particle size of the pebbles in the pebble layer 15 is 25-40 mm.

[0025] like Figure 1 As shown, a geotextile 16 is arranged outside the water filter layer, and the geotextile 16 is continuously arranged around the water filter layer.

[0026] How it works When it is necessary to provide power to the device or adjust the pressure difference, the operator manually rotates the transmission handle 5. Since the transmission handle 5 is connected to the winding gear 7 through the ratchet seat 11, the one-way transmission characteristic of the ratchet seat 11 allows the winding gear 7 to rotate only in one direction. During the rotation process, the spring 6 connected to the transmission handle 5 is gradually wound up, thereby converting the externally applied mechanical energy into the elastic potential energy of the spring and storing it.

[0027] When the tightening gear 7 rotates, the small diameter gear of the double gear meshing with it rotates accordingly, and the double gear plays a role in changing the transmission ratio and transmission direction. At this time, by setting the limiting rectangular hole 10, the rotating shaft of the transmission gear 4 can slide therein, so that the double gear can move in the vertical direction. During the tightening operation, the double gear is subjected to a force in the direction away from the pinion 3, so it moves in the direction away from the pinion 3 and disengages from the pinion 3. This ensures that during the tightening process, the circular flap 2 connected to the rotating shaft of the pinion 3 will not rotate due to the gear transmission, thereby ensuring the independence and accuracy of the operation.

[0028] When the groundwater around the underground garage penetrates into the sump 13 through the filter layer at the bottom of the sump 13 and accumulates to a certain height in the sump 13, the water pressure will generate an upward force on the circular flap 2 in the water pipe 1. When the force is sufficient to overcome the gravity of the circular flap 2, the flap will float upward. When the water pressure increases to the point where the circular flap 2 floats up to exceed the limiting effect of the limiting top iron 12, the circular flap 2 rotates and opens. The rotation of the circular flap 2 is achieved through the pinion 3 connected to it. The pinion 3 meshes with the large diameter gear of the double gear, thereby driving the double gear to rotate, and the small diameter gear of the double gear transmits power to the upper gear 7. At this time, since the clockwork spring 6 stores elastic potential energy, it will generate a reverse force on the upper gear 7, trying to restore it to its initial state. However, under the continuous action of water pressure, the circular flap 2 continues to rotate, driving the entire transmission system to operate, discharging the water in the sump 13 through the water pipe 1, realizing the automatic pressure relief function to reduce the water pressure around the underground garage and prevent excessive water pressure from damaging the garage floor.

[0029] As the pressure relief process proceeds, the water level in the sump 13 gradually drops, and the force of the water pressure on the circular flap 2 gradually decreases. When the water pressure force is less than the sum of the restoring force of the spring 6 and the gravity of the circular flap 2 and other resistances, the circular flap 2 begins to rotate downward and close under the action of the spring 6, stops the pressure relief, and waits for the next water pressure increase to start the pressure relief again. The operator needs to perform regular maintenance and tighten the tightening gear 7. This design can match any water pressure under the bottom plate of the sump 13, rather than only taking effect at a single water pressure.

[0030] In the process of groundwater entering the water pipe 1, the groundwater first passes through the water filtration layer, which is composed of a gravel layer 14 and a pebble layer 15. The particle size of the gravel in the gravel layer 14 is 7-15mm, and the particle size of the pebbles in the pebble layer 15 is 25-40mm, and its vertical projection is an inverted trapezoidal structure. This structure can not only effectively filter impurities in the water and prevent impurities from entering the water pipe 1 and causing blockage, but also the inverted trapezoidal structure can produce a certain resistance to the pressure at the bottom of the sump 13, reduce the pressure on the bottom of the sump 13, and protect the structure of the sump 13. The geotextile 16 continuously arranged around the outer periphery of the water filtration layer further enhances the stability of the system. On the one hand, the geotextile 16 performs preliminary filtration of the water and intercepts larger particles of impurities in the water; on the other hand, it can effectively prevent the water filtration layer from being displaced or deformed due to the force of water pressure and water flow, maintain the structural integrity of the water filtration layer, and thus ensure the long-term stable operation of the entire automatic pressure relief device.

[0031] The water pipe 1 is pre-buried vertically in the sump 13 and installed during the construction process. It is easy to operate and will not interfere with the overall construction process. A maintenance shell 8 is provided on the periphery of the linkage control mechanism, and its maintenance plates are detachably connected to each other, which is convenient for inspection and maintenance of the internal transmission components, power storage devices, etc. At the same time, the positioning circular hole 9 provided on the maintenance shell 8 is used to install the transmission handle 5 so that it can rotate flexibly; the limiting rectangular hole 10 provides space for the up and down movement of the transmission gear 4, ensuring the smooth switching and stable operation of the device under different working conditions.

[0032] Although the above describes the specific implementation mode of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, it is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Based on the technical solution of the present invention, various modifications or variations that can be made by those skilled in the art without creative work are still within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic pressure relief device for controlling excessive water pressure in an underground garage, characterized in that: The invention comprises a water collection pit (13), a water guide pipe (1) and a linkage control mechanism, wherein the linkage control mechanism comprises a power storage device, a transmission gear (4), a pinion gear (3) and a circular flap (2); the water guide pipe (1) is arranged vertically in the water collection pit (13); the power storage device comprises a transmission handle (5), a power storage device and an upper tightening gear (7); the transmission handle (5) is connected to the upper tightening gear (7) via a ratchet seat (11); and the upper tightening gear (7) is provided with the power storage device; the transmission gear (4) is a double gear; the small diameter gear of the double gear is meshed and connected with the upper tightening gear (7); the pinion gear (3) is meshed and connected with the large diameter gear of the double gear; the circular flap (2) is connected to the rotating shaft of the pinion gear (3); the pinion gear (3) is rotatably connected to the water guide pipe (1); and a limited top iron (12) is welded at a position near the lower part of the circular flap (2) inside the water guide pipe (1); A maintenance shell (8) is arranged on the periphery of the linkage control mechanism, and maintenance plates constituting the maintenance shell (8) are detachably connected to each other. A positioning circular hole (9) and a limiting rectangular hole (10) are arranged on the maintenance shell (8), and the transmission handle (5) is rotatably connected to the positioning circular hole (9), and the rotating shaft of the transmission gear (4) is slidably connected to the limiting rectangular hole (10).

2. The automatic pressure relief device for controlling excessive water pressure in an underground garage according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The power storage device is a spring (6), one end of the spring (6) is connected to the transmission handle (5), and the other end is connected to the winding gear (7).

3. The automatic pressure relief device for controlling excessive water pressure in an underground garage according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The water guide pipe (1) is pre-buried in the sump (13).

4. The automatic pressure relief device for controlling excessive water pressure in an underground garage according to claim 1, characterized in that: A water filter layer is provided at the bottom of the sump (13), and a water inlet hole (101) is provided at one end of the water guide pipe (1) close to the water filter layer.

5. The automatic pressure relief device for controlling excessive water pressure in an underground garage according to claim 4, characterized in that: The water filtration layer comprises a crushed stone layer (14) and a pebble layer (15).

6. The automatic pressure relief device for controlling excessive water pressure in an underground garage according to claim 4, characterized in that: The projection of the water filtering layer in the vertical direction is an inverted trapezoid.

7. The automatic pressure relief device for controlling excessive water pressure in an underground garage according to claim 5, characterized in that: The particle size of the crushed stones in the crushed stone layer (14) is 7-15 mm.

8. The automatic pressure relief device for controlling excessive water pressure in an underground garage according to claim 5, characterized in that: The particle size of the pebbles in the pebble layer (15) is 25-40 mm.

9. The automatic pressure relief device for controlling excessive water pressure in an underground garage according to claim 4, characterized in that: A geotextile (16) is arranged outside the water filtration layer, and the geotextile (16) is continuously arranged around the water filtration layer.

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