Shale oil well variable-pressure variable-yield well testing method and well testing data analysis method

Abstract

The invention discloses a shale oil well variable-pressure variable-yield well testing method and a well testing data analysis method. The well testing method comprises the steps that after a well is closed for a first set time, the pressure of each measuring point in a shaft is sequentially measured from top to bottom, and first static pressure gradient data is obtained; measuring oil production, water production, wellhead oil pressure, casing pressure and pressure at the first target measuring point according to a second set interval in the production process of the oil nozzle device with the set specification to obtain variable-pressure continuous test data; and sequentially changing the oil nozzle devices with different specifications according to a set rule, and metering oil production, water production, wellhead oil pressure and casing pressure according to a third set interval in a production process by utilizing each oil nozzle device, so as to obtain variable flow continuous test data. According to the method, data such as static pressure of a target measuring point and yields of different working systems are accurately obtained under the conditions that the permeability of a shale oil well is small, the oil yield is small and the stratum pressure recovery time is long through a variable-yield variable-pressure coupling well testing test.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of oil and gas field development, and in particular to a shale oil well variable pressure and variable production well testing method and a well testing data analysis method. Background Art

[0002] The permeability of shale oil is extremely low, often less than 0.1md, and the pore structure is complex and changeable, with the diameter of its main flow pores being about 4 to 200nm. Well testing is to obtain important characteristics of its reservoir parameters.

[0003] At present, there are four main well test methods for oil wells: ① Single-point well test method: Single-point well test method refers to measuring the stable pressure under only one working system, that is, the stable pressure measured at a fixed production stage of the oil well. ② System well test method: This test method is to measure the corresponding stable bottom hole flow pressure after a relatively small production is stable, and then increase the production, and then measure the corresponding bottom hole flow pressure. In this way, 4 to 5 working systems are changed to measure the production and pressure data under each working system. ③ Isochronous well test method: This method is optimized on the basis of conventional back pressure well test, that is, production is carried out at several different production rates at equal time intervals to observe the corresponding pressure changes. ④ (Modified) isochronous well test method: (Modified) isochronous well test is an optimized test method based on isochronous well test to shorten the test time and save costs. It requires production for the same time at 3 to 4 consecutive stable production rates. The difference is that the time of shutting down the well each time in the modified isochronous well test is the same as the time of opening the well. Summary of the invention

[0004] The inventors have found that existing oil well testing methods mostly require that the same production be stabilized for a certain period of time, which is difficult to achieve for shale oil wells. At the same time, shale oil well testing also faces challenges such as small test oil volume, large oil-casing pressure difference and large water production during the testing process.

[0005] In order to at least partially solve the technical problems existing in the prior art, the inventors have made the present invention, and through specific implementation methods, provide a shale oil well variable pressure and variable production well test method and a well test data analysis method, and establish a variable production and variable pressure coupled well test method based on seepage theory. When the shale oil well has a low permeability, a low oil production and a long formation pressure recovery time, the static pressure of the target measuring point and the production of different working systems and other data can be obtained, thereby preparing for the subsequent reservoir and fracture parameter inversion and production capacity equation determination.

[0006] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a shale oil well variable pressure and variable production well testing method, comprising:

[0007] A shut-in static pressure gradient test step, after shutting down the shale oil well for a first set time, measuring the pressure at each measuring point in the wellbore from top to bottom in sequence to obtain first static pressure gradient data;

[0008] The variable pressure continuous test step measures the oil production, water production, wellhead oil pressure and casing pressure and the pressure at the first target measuring point at a second set interval within a second set time during the production process by using a nozzle device of set specifications to obtain variable pressure continuous test data;

[0009] The variable flow continuous test step is to sequentially change the nozzle devices of different specifications according to the set rules. During the production process using each nozzle device, the oil production, water production, wellhead oil pressure and casing pressure are measured at the third set interval within the third set time to obtain the variable flow continuous test data.

[0010] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a shale oil well variable pressure and variable production well test data analysis method, comprising:

[0011] The well testing data of the shale oil well is obtained by the above-mentioned shale oil well variable pressure and variable production well testing method;

[0012] Obtaining the static pressure at the first target measuring point according to the variable pressure continuous test data in the well test data;

[0013] Determining the static pressure at the target position in the wellbore according to the static pressure at the first target measuring point and the first static pressure gradient data in the well test data;

[0014] The production capacity analysis is performed based on the variable flow rate continuous test data in the well test data.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the above technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present invention include at least:

[0016] (1) Existing well testing technologies often require that the production be strictly maintained at a certain value. However, shale oil reservoirs have low porosity and low permeability, low test oil production, large oil-casing pressure difference, large water production, and a long time for the pressure to recover to a stable state. Therefore, it is difficult to ensure that the production is maintained at a certain value within a certain period of time. The variable pressure and variable production well testing method for shale oil wells provided in the embodiment of the present invention includes a static pressure gradient test step and a variable pressure and variable production coupling of a variable pressure continuous test and a variable flow continuous test. The production is controlled by the specifications of the oil nozzle device. Based on the seepage theory, a variable production and variable pressure coupling test method is adopted. When the permeability and oil production of the shale oil well are small, the static pressure of the target measuring point and the production of different working systems can be accurately obtained, so as to prepare for the subsequent reservoir and fracture parameter inversion and production capacity equation determination.

[0017] (2) The variable pressure and variable production well testing method for shale oil wells provided in the embodiment of the present invention clarifies the testing and construction requirements, is highly operable, and conforms to the actual situation of shale oil field.

[0018] (3) The variable pressure and variable production well testing method for shale oil wells provided in the embodiment of the present invention combines the pressure drop and pressure recovery unstable well testing to obtain shut-in recovery pressure data and second static pressure gradient data, and compares the static pressures interpreted by different well testing methods, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of the well testing interpretation results and overcoming the problem of unstable and inaccurate measured static pressure data caused by the long formation pressure recovery time of shale oil reservoirs.

[0019] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in the following description, and partly become apparent from the description, or understood by practicing the present invention. The purpose and other advantages of the present invention can be realized and obtained by the structures particularly pointed out in the written description, claims, and drawings.

[0020] The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below through the accompanying drawings and embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present invention, they are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0022] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of a shale oil well variable pressure and variable production well testing method in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a test pressure curve diagram of each test stage in the second embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the accompanying drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments set forth herein. On the contrary, these embodiments are provided to enable a more thorough understanding of the present disclosure and to fully convey the scope of the present disclosure to those skilled in the art.

[0025] It should be understood that the terms described in the present invention are only for describing special embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. In addition, for the numerical range in the present invention, it should be understood that each intermediate value between the upper and lower limits of the scope is also specifically disclosed. Each smaller range between the intermediate value in any stated value or stated range and any other stated value or intermediate value in the described range is also included in the present invention. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges can be independently included or excluded in the scope.

[0026] Unless otherwise indicated, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meanings as commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which the invention belongs. Although the present invention describes only preferred methods and materials, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein may also be used in the implementation or testing of the present invention. All documents mentioned in this specification are incorporated by reference to disclose and describe the methods and / or materials related to the documents. In the event of a conflict with any incorporated document, the content of this specification shall prevail.

[0027] The embodiment of the present invention provides a shale oil well variable pressure and variable production well test method and a well test data analysis method. Through variable production and variable pressure coupled well test, when the shale oil well has a low permeability, a low oil production and a long formation pressure recovery time, the static pressure of the target measuring point and the production of different working systems and other information can be accurately obtained.

[0028] Embodiment 1

[0029] Embodiment 1 of the present invention provides a shale oil well variable pressure variable production well testing method, the process of which is referred to Figure 1 As shown, the following steps are included:

[0030] Step S11: a shut-in static pressure gradient test step. After the shale oil well is shut down for a first set time, the pressure at each measuring point in the wellbore is measured from top to bottom in sequence to obtain first static pressure gradient data.

[0031] The first setting time is usually 3 days, and the specific time can be flexibly set according to the on-site construction conditions.

[0032] The rule for determining measuring points in the wellbore is usually: design a measuring point every 500 to 1000 meters in the well section above 100 meters in the oil layer, and gradually increase the density below it, and design a measuring point every 20 to 100 meters after entering the oil layer.

[0033] The above rules apply to vertical wells and horizontal wells that use cable direct-reading pressure gauges to measure pressure. For storage pressure gauges, since the steel wire cannot be lowered into the horizontal section, the measuring point cannot be set on the well section where the inclination is greater than the set inclination threshold.

[0034] After obtaining the pressure (static pressure) of each measuring point, the static pressure gradient data of the well section between the two measuring points can be obtained through the pressure of the previous measuring point. According to the first static pressure gradient data obtained in real time, it is judged whether there is liquid accumulation; if so, the pressure measuring instrument is lifted up to the blowout preventer to drain the accumulated liquid, and the pressure measuring instrument is lowered to the measuring point before drainage to continue measuring.

[0035] In some embodiments, before the shut-in static pressure gradient test step, a step of backflowing accumulated fluid and a safety test step are also included.

[0036] The safety test steps include connecting the blowout preventer and the top seal, and pressure testing the blowout preventer, the connection between the blowout preventer and the oil production tree, and the top seal to ensure the safety of subsequent well tests.

[0037] Step S12: variable pressure continuous test step, during the production process, the oil nozzle device of set specifications is used to measure the oil production, water production, wellhead oil pressure and casing pressure and the pressure at the first target measuring point at a second set interval within a second set time to obtain variable pressure continuous test data.

[0038] If the pressure measuring instrument is not lifted during the static pressure gradient test, the oil test will be started directly after the static pressure gradient test step, with the current measuring point as the first target measuring point, or the position of the pressure measuring instrument will be adjusted to the first target measuring point before the oil test is started.

[0039] The second setting time can be about 60 days, which can be flexibly set according to the on-site construction conditions. The second setting interval can be 1 hour. Measure the continuous flow pressure and flow temperature of the first target measuring point, and continuously measure the oil production, liquid production, water production, and sand content. During the test, continuously measure the oil pressure and casing pressure, and record one point every hour.

[0040] Step S13: variable flow continuous test step, changing the nozzle devices of different specifications in turn according to the set rules, and in the production process using each nozzle device, measuring the oil production, water production, wellhead oil pressure and casing pressure at the third set interval within the third set time to obtain variable flow continuous test data.

[0041] If the specification of the oil nozzle device set in the variable pressure continuous test step is higher, that is, the flow rate is larger, then starting from the next specification of this rule, the specification of the oil nozzle device will be changed from large to small; if the specification of the oil nozzle device set in the variable pressure continuous test step is smaller, that is, the flow rate is smaller, then starting from the next specification of this rule, the specification of the oil nozzle device will be changed from small to large.

[0042] The third set time is usually about 1 day, and the third set interval may be the same as or different from the second set interval.

[0043] If the shale oil well is a horizontal well, the first target measuring point and the second target measuring point both meet the following conditions:

[0044] The distance between the well section whose slope is within the set slope threshold and the well section whose slope begins to exceed the set slope threshold is less than the set distance threshold.

[0045] The positions of the first target measuring point and the second target measuring point may be the same or different. The static pressure at any point in the wellbore can be obtained by combining the pressure test data of the first target measuring point and / or the second target measuring point with the static pressure gradient data.

[0046] Furthermore, the pressure at the measuring point, the first target measuring point and the second target measuring point can be measured by a direct-reading pressure gauge; the pressure at the measuring point, the first target measuring point and the second target measuring point can also be measured by a direct-reading pressure gauge and two storage pressure gauges connected in series. The measurement result of the storage pressure gauge is used to verify the measurement result of the direct-reading pressure gauge. Two storage pressure gauges connected in series are set to avoid the risk of damage to a single storage pressure gauge.

[0047] The first static pressure gradient data, variable pressure continuous test data and variable flow continuous test data obtained through the above steps constitute the variable pressure and variable production well test data of the shale oil well.

[0048] Existing well testing technologies often require that the production be strictly maintained at a certain value. However, shale oil reservoirs have low porosity and low permeability, low test oil production, large oil-casing pressure difference, large water production, and a long time for the pressure to recover to a stable state. Therefore, it is difficult to ensure that the production is maintained at a certain value within a certain period of time. The variable pressure and variable production well testing method for shale oil wells provided in Example 1 of the present invention includes a static pressure gradient test step and a variable pressure and variable production coupling of a variable pressure continuous test and a variable flow continuous test. The production is controlled by the specifications of the nozzle device. Based on the seepage theory, a variable production and variable pressure coupling test method is adopted. When the permeability of the shale oil well is small and the oil production is small, the static pressure of the target measuring point and the production of different working systems and other data can be accurately obtained, so as to prepare for the subsequent reservoir and fracture parameter inversion and production capacity equation determination.

[0049] The variable pressure and variable production well testing method for shale oil wells provided in the first embodiment of the present invention clarifies the testing and construction requirements, has strong operability, and conforms to the actual situation of shale oil field.

[0050] In some optional embodiments, after the variable flow continuous testing step, a shut-in formation pressure testing step may also be included. During the process of shutting in the well to recover the formation pressure, the pressure at the second target measuring point is measured at a fourth set interval until the measured pressure change amplitude is less than the set amplitude, thereby obtaining the shut-in recovery pressure data.

[0051] In some optional embodiments, the shut-in formation pressure test step may further include measuring the pressure at each measuring point in the wellbore from bottom to top starting from the second target measuring point to obtain second static pressure gradient data.

[0052] The second static pressure gradient data is used to verify the first static pressure gradient data; the static pressure data of the measuring point obtained by shut-in recovery pressure data is used to verify the static pressure data of the measuring point obtained by variable pressure continuous test data.

[0053] The variable pressure and variable production well testing method for shale oil wells provided in Example 1 of the present invention combines pressure drop and pressure recovery unstable well testing to obtain shut-in recovery pressure data and second static pressure gradient data, compares the static pressures interpreted by different well testing methods, improves the accuracy and reliability of the well testing interpretation results, and overcomes the problem of unstable and inaccurate measured static pressure data caused by the long formation pressure recovery time in shale oil reservoirs.

[0054] Embodiment 2

[0055] Embodiment 2 of the present invention provides a specific application of a shale oil well variable pressure and variable production well testing method.

[0056] (1) Well testing equipment and data collection requirements

[0057] For the equipment involved in the test process, please refer to the table of equipment required for construction, as shown in Table 1. Pay special attention to the high accuracy requirements of the pressure gauge for pressure testing, see the parameter requirements table of high-precision storage electronic pressure gauge, as shown in Table 2. Obtain all the data accurately, see the table of well test data admission requirements, as shown in Table 3. The specific equipment and parameter tables are adjusted according to the actual situation.

[0058] Table 1 Equipment required for construction

[0059] name Models and specifications quantity Remark Cable Car - 1 unit test Wellhead blowout preventer - 1 set test Storage type electronic pressure gauge 60MPa 2 Stress Testing Direct reading electronic pressure gauge 60MPa 1 piece Stress Testing Weighted rod 100kg 1 Stress Testing Double row car - 1 unit Production support crane - 1 unit Production support

[0060] Table 2 Parameter requirements of high-precision storage electronic pressure gauge

[0061]

[0062] Table 3 Well test data collection requirements

[0063]

[0064] (2) Well testing implementation requirements

[0065] 1) Drain the accumulated fluid and wait until the well bottom and wellbore are unblocked and there is no accumulated fluid at the well bottom (estimated to take 20 days).

[0066] 2) One direct-reading and two storage pressure gauges are connected in series and lowered into the well for testing. The static pressure is turned off for 3 days (72 hours) and the static pressure gradient is measured.

[0067] 3) The entire continuous flow test uses a direct-reading and two storage pressure gauges connected in series to be lowered into the well for testing.

[0068] 4) This test adopts the continuous bottom hole pressure measurement method, and continuously measures the oil and water production during the pressure test.

[0069] 5) After the continuous flow pressure and flow temperature are completed, shut down the well to test the pressure recovery data. It is required to continuously measure the pressure in the middle of the oil layer for more than one month.

[0070] 6) Measure the wellbore static pressure gradient as required.

[0071] 7) Oil sample component testing requires sampling more than twice at the end of the production period for oil sample component analysis.

[0072] 8) For water-producing oil wells, water sampling is arranged three times during production for water quality analysis.

[0073] 9) During the well test, relevant data such as oil production, oil pressure, casing pressure, wellhead temperature, separator temperature and pressure shall be recorded daily, and parameters such as water content and oil-water ratio shall be analyzed based on sampling and testing.

[0074] 10) During the entire construction process, the sand production conditions must be strictly monitored, the production pressure difference must be controlled, and sand production from the formation must be prevented.

[0075] 11) Follow SY / T 6013-2019 "Oil Test Data Acquisition Specifications" and obtain all the data in full.

[0076] 12) Test related parameters can be scientifically and reasonably adjusted according to the actual dynamic reflection of the oil well.

[0077] The specific test process is as follows:

[0078] Step 1: Preparation before testing

[0079] Drain the accumulated fluid, wait until the well bottom and wellbore are unobstructed, and start testing when there is no accumulated fluid at the well bottom.

[0080] Connect the blowout preventer and test the pressure: After connecting the blowout preventer and the top seal, perform pressure tests on the blowout preventer, the connection between the blowout preventer and the Christmas tree, and the top seal to ensure construction safety.

[0081] Step 2: Well Static Pressure Gradient Test

[0082] The well was shut down for about 3 days, and one direct-reading and two storage-type pressure gauges in series were lowered to test the static pressure gradient. The stop point depths are 0m, 500m, 1000m, 1500m, 2000m, 2290m, 2296m, and 2300m (the stop point depth design is only an example, and the specific design is flexibly set according to the requirements of on-site construction and measurement schedule). The pressure gauge is parked at each measuring point for more than 15 minutes to ensure stable pressure and temperature values. According to the analysis of the direct-reading test data, it is determined whether there is accumulated liquid in the wellbore. If there is accumulated liquid, it needs to be discharged. The instrument is lifted up to the blowout preventer. After the discharge, the instrument is lowered to start continuous testing.

[0083] Step 3: Open the well and conduct continuous testing

[0084] Before the oil test, one direct-reading and two storage electronic pressure gauges are lowered. During the lowering process, the flow pressure gradient is tested. The stop depths are 0m, 500m, 1000m, 1500m, 2000m, 2290m, 2296m, and 2300m. Each measuring point stops for 10 minutes, and finally the oil test is continuously carried out at the 2300m stop point. If the instrument is not lifted after the static pressure test is completed, the oil test will be started directly. The pressure gauge continuously conducts the oil test at the 2300m stop point, measures the continuous flow pressure and flow temperature, and continuously measures the oil production and water production. During the test, the oil production, water volume, oil pressure, and casing pressure are continuously measured (one point is recorded every hour). The oil production is controlled by the specifications of the oil nozzle device (6mm), and the time is about 60 days.

[0085] Step 4: Conduct capacity test

[0086] After the continuous test, a production sequence similar to the back-pressure test is used to test multiple working systems in an increasing production manner (the specific system is determined according to the liquid production capacity of a single well). Each working system test reaches stability in about one day. The test continuously measures oil production, water volume, oil pressure, and casing pressure (one point is recorded every hour).

[0087] Step 5: Shut in the well and test the formation pressure

[0088] After the continuous test, the designed pressure recovery time is about 45 days. If the wellhead pressure remains stable for more than 10 days, the shut-in time can be shortened (dynamically adjust the shut-in test time according to the direct reading test data). Shut in the well to conduct an unstable well test for pressure recovery, track the recovery test process, analyze the direct reading pressure data every day, and end the test after confirming that the pressure no longer changes and stabilizes.

[0089] Step 6: Measure the static pressure gradient

[0090] The test instrument was pulled up, and the static pressure gradient was measured at the stop point during the lifting process. The stop point depth was consistent with the wellbore static pressure gradient test depth. The stop point depths were: 2296m, 2000m, 1500m, 1000m, 500m, 0m, and each step stopped for 10-15 minutes. The instrument was pulled up to replay the test data, and normal production was resumed after the test.

[0091] See also Figure 2 As shown, it is the pressure curve diagram of all test stages, among which 1 is the continuous test stage (the test result of the third step), 2 is the production capacity test stage (the test result of the fourth step), and 3 is the shut-in test stage (the test results of the fifth and sixth steps).

[0092] The lengths of the time periods and the time intervals in the first and second embodiments of the present invention are merely examples, and can be flexibly set according to the on-site construction conditions.

[0093] Based on the inventive concept of the present invention, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a shale oil well variable pressure and variable production well test data analysis method, comprising:

[0094] The well testing data of the shale oil well is obtained by the above-mentioned shale oil well variable pressure and variable production well testing method;

[0095] Obtaining the static pressure at the first target measuring point according to the variable pressure continuous test data in the well test data;

[0096] Determining the static pressure at the target position in the wellbore according to the static pressure at the first target measuring point and the first static pressure gradient data in the well test data;

[0097] The production capacity analysis is performed based on the variable flow rate continuous test data in the well test data.

[0098] In some embodiments, it may also include:

[0099] The static pressure at the second target measuring point is obtained according to the shut-in recovery pressure data in the well test data; the static pressure at the target position in the wellbore is determined according to the static pressure at the second target measuring point and the first static pressure gradient data in the well test data; the static pressure at the target position is comprehensively determined according to the static pressure at the target position determined by the static pressure at the first target measuring point and the static pressure at the target position determined by the static pressure at the second target measuring point.

[0100] The static pressure at the second target measuring point is obtained according to the shut-in recovery pressure data in the well test data; the static pressure at the target position in the wellbore is determined according to the static pressure at the second target measuring point and the second static pressure gradient data in the well test data; the static pressure at the target position is comprehensively determined according to the static pressure at the target position determined by the static pressure at the first target measuring point and the static pressure at the target position determined by the static pressure at the second target measuring point.

[0101] It should be understood that the specific order or hierarchy of steps in the disclosed process is an example of an exemplary method. Based on design preferences, it should be understood that the specific order or hierarchy of steps in the process can be rearranged without departing from the scope of protection of the present disclosure. The attached method claims present the elements of the various steps in an exemplary order and are not intended to be limited to the specific order or hierarchy described.

[0102] In the above detailed description, various features are grouped together in a single embodiment to simplify the disclosure. This method of disclosure should not be interpreted as reflecting an intention that the embodiments of the claimed subject matter require more features than are clearly stated in each claim. On the contrary, as reflected in the appended claims, the invention is in a state of having less than all the features of the disclosed individual embodiments. Therefore, the appended claims are hereby expressly incorporated into the detailed description, with each claim standing on its own as a separate preferred embodiment of the invention.

[0103] The above description includes examples of one or more embodiments. Of course, it is impossible to describe all possible combinations of components or methods for describing the above embodiments, but it should be recognized by those skilled in the art that the various embodiments can be further combined and arranged. Therefore, the embodiments described herein are intended to cover all such changes, modifications and variations that fall within the scope of protection of the appended claims. In addition, with respect to the term "comprising" used in the specification or claims, the word is covered in a manner similar to the term "including", just as "including," explained as a transitional word in the claims. In addition, any term "or" used in the specification of the claims is intended to represent "non-exclusive or". The terms "first", "second", and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

Claims

1. A shale oil well variable pressure and variable production well testing method, characterized in that: include: A shut-in static pressure gradient test step, after shutting down the shale oil well for a first set time, measuring the pressure at each measuring point in the wellbore from top to bottom in sequence to obtain first static pressure gradient data; The variable pressure continuous test step measures the oil production, water production, wellhead oil pressure and casing pressure and the pressure at the first target measuring point at a second set interval within a second set time during the production process by using a nozzle device of set specifications to obtain variable pressure continuous test data; The variable flow continuous test step is to change the nozzle devices of different specifications in turn according to the set rules. During the production process using each nozzle device, the oil production, water production, wellhead oil pressure and casing pressure are measured at the third set interval within the third set time to obtain the variable flow continuous test data.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that Also includes: In the shut-in formation pressure test step, during the process of shutting in the well to recover the formation pressure, the pressure at the second target measuring point is measured at a fourth set interval until the measured pressure change amplitude is less than the set amplitude, thereby obtaining shut-in recovery pressure data.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that Also includes: Starting from the second target measuring point, the pressure at each measuring point in the wellbore is measured sequentially from bottom to top to obtain second static pressure gradient data.

4. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that Also includes: The pressures at the measuring point, the first target measuring point and the second target measuring point are measured by a direct-reading pressure gauge and two storage pressure gauges connected in series.

5. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that If the shale oil well is a horizontal well, both the first target measuring point and the second target measuring point satisfy the following conditions: The distance between a well section whose inclination is within a set inclination threshold and a well section whose inclination begins to be greater than the set inclination threshold is less than a set distance threshold.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The rules for determining the measuring points in the wellbore are: In the well section above 100m in the oil layer, a measuring point is designed every 500-1000m, and the density is gradually increased below it. After entering the oil layer, a measuring point is designed every 20-100m.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The shut-in static pressure gradient test step further includes: According to the first static pressure gradient data obtained in real time, it is determined whether it is necessary to drain back the accumulated liquid; If so, drain the accumulated fluid.

8. A shale oil well variable pressure and variable production well test data analysis method, characterized in that: include: Obtaining well test data of a shale oil well by the method described in any one of claims 1 to 7; Obtaining the static pressure at the first target measuring point according to the variable pressure continuous test data in the well test data; Determining the static pressure at the target position in the wellbore according to the static pressure at the first target measuring point and the first static pressure gradient data in the well test data; The production capacity analysis is performed based on the variable flow rate continuous test data in the well test data.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that Also includes: Obtaining the static pressure at the second target measuring point according to the shut-in recovery pressure data in the well testing data; Determining the static pressure at the target position in the wellbore according to the static pressure at the second target measuring point and the first static pressure gradient data in the well test data; The static pressure at the target position is comprehensively determined according to the static pressure at the target position determined by the static pressure at the first target measuring point and the static pressure at the target position determined by the static pressure at the second target measuring point.

10. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that Also includes: Obtaining the static pressure at the second target measuring point according to the shut-in recovery pressure data in the well testing data; Determining the static pressure at the target position in the wellbore according to the static pressure at the second target measuring point and the second static pressure gradient data in the well test data; The static pressure at the target position is comprehensively determined according to the static pressure at the target position determined by the static pressure at the first target measuring point and the static pressure at the target position determined by the static pressure at the second target measuring point.

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