Coal gangue separation equipment

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of solid separation, in particular to coal gangue separation equipment which comprises a storage barrel and a base, the storage barrel is rotatably mounted on the base, a barrel cover is mounted on the upper portion of the storage barrel, a feeding port is formed in the barrel cover, a discharging port is formed in the lower portion of the storage barrel, and the coal gangue separation equipment further comprises an air exhaust mechanism which comprises an air exhaust barrel. The air suction cylinder is rotationally mounted in the center of the storage cylinder, grid holes and an ash removal opening are formed in the lower half part of the air suction cylinder, and an air suction cover is rotationally mounted at the top of the air suction cylinder and connected with an air suction pipe; the crushing mechanism comprises a plurality of inner ring shearing plates; the sorting mechanism comprises an annular sieve plate, and the grid holes are located below the annular sieve plate. The air suction barrel drives an inner ring shearing plate of the crushing mechanism to extrude and crush coal briquettes, raised dust generated by crushing the coal briquettes is reduced, the raised dust generated in the coal gangue separation process is sucked into the air suction barrel through grid holes in the bottom of the air suction barrel, meanwhile, air in the storage barrel circulates downwards in a one-way mode, and the raised dust is prevented from being further scattered.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of solid separation, and in particular to a coal gangue separation device. Background Art

[0002] Gangue is the waste residue produced in the process of coal mining. Among all industrial solid fertilizer emissions, the emission of gangue has always been high. The emission of a large amount of gangue has seriously occupied land resources and polluted a lot of forest land. This has a great impact on the ecological structure and caused great damage to the ecological environment. Therefore, in order to improve the comprehensive utilization of gangue and maintain the sustainable development of mining resources, it is of great significance. Gangue is a by-product of the coal formation process with a low carbon content. It mainly includes The existing sorting devices for the selected common gangue, white gangue discharged during stripping and excavation, and selected gangue generated during the coal preparation process are too simple. The screening net is often fixed at a certain inclination angle, and the gravity of the gangue is combined with the gravitational potential energy to automatically screen the gangue that falls onto the screening net. When a large number of gangue fall onto the screening net, a large amount of gangue accumulates on the screening net. Therefore, the gangue cannot be effectively screened, so that the separated coal contains a certain amount of gangue, thereby reducing the quality of the separated coal.

[0003] Patent document publication number CN114247626A is a coal gangue separation device, including a motor, a gear fixedly connected to the top of the motor output shaft, an outer gear ring meshed on one side of the outer wall of the gear, a housing fixedly connected inside the outer gear ring, a first hollow column fixedly connected to the end of the housing away from the motor, and the inner circumference of the first hollow column fixedly connected to the spiral blade. This patent uses a feed pipe to pour a mixture of coal gangue and coal into the first hollow column, and then the motor provides power to drive the first hollow column to rotate. When the first hollow column rotates, it will drive the mixture to pass through each group of feed holes in turn, making full use of each group of feed holes to improve the utilization rate, and at the same time, the large particles of coal in the mixture are impacted onto the cone by the flip plate to crush, completing the automatic crushing of large pieces of coal, preventing large pieces of coal from being discharged along with large pieces of coal gangue, and improving the screening quality. However, this patent still has some shortcomings: 1. After the flip plate lifts the coal, it makes the coal fall and hit the cone, which is easy to generate a lot of dust, causing serious pollution to the surrounding environment. 2. When the gangue hits the cone, it is easy to break into small particles and discharge them from the feeding hole, which reduces the screening quality. Summary of the invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: in order to solve the problem that a large amount of dust is easily generated during the separation process of coal gangue, the present invention provides a coal gangue separation device to solve the above problem.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problems is: a coal gangue separation equipment, including a storage cylinder and a base, the storage cylinder is rotatably mounted on the base, a cylinder cover is installed on the upper part of the storage cylinder, the cylinder cover and the storage cylinder are slidably sealed, a feed port is provided on the cylinder cover, and a discharge port is provided at the lower part of the storage cylinder, and also includes an exhaust mechanism, a crushing mechanism and a sorting mechanism, the exhaust mechanism includes an exhaust cylinder, the exhaust cylinder is rotatably mounted at the center of the storage cylinder, the exhaust cylinder is driven to rotate by a motor, the lower half of the exhaust cylinder is provided with a grid hole and a cleaning port, the top of the exhaust cylinder is rotatably mounted with an exhaust cover, and the exhaust cover is connected to an exhaust pipe; the crushing mechanism includes a plurality of inner ring shear plates, and the plurality of inner ring shear plates are vertically fixed on the exhaust cylinder at equal intervals; the sorting mechanism includes an annular sieve plate, the annular sieve plate is sleeved on the exhaust cylinder, and the grid holes are located below the annular sieve plate.

[0006] Preferably, the crushing mechanism further comprises a plurality of outer ring shear plates, which are vertically fixed on the storage cylinder at equal intervals, and the upper and lower ends of the outer ring shear plates are at the same height as the upper and lower ends of the inner ring shear plates.

[0007] Preferably, the upper half of the vacuum cylinder is a conical cylinder, and the inner ring shear plate is fixed on the conical surface of the vacuum cylinder and is inclined toward the rotation direction of the vacuum cylinder.

[0008] Preferably, the inner ring shear plate includes a flap, a plate seat, a hinge and a torsion spring. The plate seat is fixed on the conical surface of the vacuum cylinder. The flap is rotatably connected to the plate seat via the hinge. One end of the torsion spring is fixedly connected to the flap, and the other end of the torsion spring is fixedly connected to the plate seat. The torsion spring is used to keep the flap vertical to the plate seat.

[0009] Preferably, the sorting mechanism also includes a connecting frame, a spring pull rod, a rolling ring and a push rod, the connecting frame is fixed to the inner wall of the storage cylinder, the two ends of the spring pull rod are respectively connected to the connecting frame and the rolling ring through a universal ball head, the rolling ring is suspended directly above the annular screen plate through the spring pull rod, and the push rod is fixed on the vacuum cylinder, and when the vacuum cylinder rotates, it can drive the push rod to slide along the upper surface of the rolling ring, and a plurality of semicircular protrusions are evenly spaced on the upper surface of the rolling ring, and the push rod can push the semicircular protrusions to move downward.

[0010] Preferably, a plurality of tooth blocks are fixed to the bottom of the rolling ring.

[0011] Preferably, the inner ring of the rolling ring is arranged as a concave inclined surface.

[0012] Preferably, a transmission device is also fixed under the base, and the transmission device includes a gear frame, a driving gear, a first transmission shaft, a second transmission shaft, a first driven gear and a second driven gear. The gear frame is fixed under the base, and the driving gear is rotatably mounted on the gear frame. The output shaft of the motor passes through the gear frame and is coaxially fixed to the driving gear. The upper end of the first transmission shaft passes through the base and the storage cylinder and is fixedly connected to the bottom center of the vacuum cylinder. The lower end of the first transmission shaft is coaxially fixed to the first driven gear. The second transmission shaft is sleeved on the first transmission shaft. The upper end of the second transmission shaft passes through the base and is fixedly connected to the bottom center of the storage cylinder. The lower end of the second transmission shaft is coaxially fixed to the second driven gear. The first driven gear and the second driven gear are both meshed with the driving gear and are arranged at 180° intervals.

[0013] The beneficial effect of the present invention is that a crushing mechanism and a vacuum cylinder are provided, and the vacuum cylinder drives the inner ring shear plate of the crushing mechanism to squeeze and crush the coal blocks, thereby reducing the dust generated by the crushing of the coal blocks. The crushed coal blocks fall to the bottom of the storage cylinder for collection, and the dust generated during the separation of coal gangue is sucked into the vacuum cylinder by the grid holes at the bottom of the vacuum cylinder. At the same time, the air in the storage cylinder is made to flow downward in one direction, thereby preventing the dust from further dispersing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0015] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a best embodiment of a coal gangue separation device of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a coal gangue separation device of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of a crushing mechanism of a coal gangue separation device of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of a sorting mechanism of a coal gangue separation device of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of a vacuum pump of a coal gangue separation device of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of a transmission device of a coal gangue separation device of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of an inner ring shear plate of a coal gangue separation device of the present invention.

[0022] 1. The camshaft is provided with a plurality of locking cams, wherein the plurality of locking cams are provided with a plurality of locking cams, wherein the plurality of locking cams are provided with a plurality of locking cams and a plurality of locking cams. The plurality of locking cams are provided with a plurality of locking cams and a plurality of locking cams. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and cannot be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0024] like Figures 1 to 7 As shown, the present invention provides an embodiment of a coal gangue separation device, including a storage cylinder 1 and a base 2, the storage cylinder 1 is rotatably mounted on the base 2, a cylinder cover 3 is mounted on the upper part of the storage cylinder 1, the cylinder cover 3 is slidably sealed with the storage cylinder 1, a feed port 4 is arranged on the cylinder cover 3, a discharge port 5 is arranged at the lower part of the storage cylinder 1, the separated coal can be taken out from the discharge port 5, and also includes a suction mechanism 6, a crushing mechanism 7 and a sorting mechanism 8, the suction mechanism 6 includes a suction cylinder 9, the suction cylinder 9 is rotatably mounted at the center of the storage cylinder 1, the suction cylinder 9 is driven to rotate by a motor 10, and a grid is arranged at the lower half of the suction cylinder 9 Hole 11 and cleaning port 12, cleaning port 12 is convenient for operators to clean the inner wall of vacuum cylinder 9, a vacuum cover 13 is rotatably installed on the top of vacuum cylinder 9, and the vacuum cover 13 is connected to a vacuum pipe 14, and the vacuum pipe 14 is connected to a dust collector. When separating coal blocks and coal gangue, the air in vacuum cylinder 9 is extracted through the vacuum pipe 14, and the air in the storage cylinder 1 flows downward and enters the vacuum cylinder 9 through the grid hole 11 and is then extracted out, so that the air in the storage cylinder 1 forms a unidirectional flow from top to bottom, and drives the dust into the vacuum cylinder 9, so as to prevent the dust generated during the crushing and screening of coal blocks from flying.

[0025] The crushing mechanism 7 includes a plurality of inner ring shear plates 15. The upper half of the vacuum cylinder 9 is a conical cylinder. The plurality of inner ring shear plates 15 are vertically fixed at equal intervals on the conical surface of the vacuum cylinder 9 and are inclined toward the rotation direction of the vacuum cylinder 9. The inclined inner ring shear plates 15 can form a role similar to that of a spiral conveying rod, actively conveying the crushed coal blocks downward, thereby preventing the coal blocks from accumulating in the upper half of the vacuum cylinder 9.

[0026] The inner ring shear plate 15 includes a flap 18, a plate seat 19, a hinge 20 and a torsion spring 21. The plate seat 19 is fixed on the conical surface of the vacuum cylinder 9. The flap 18 is rotatably connected to the plate seat 19 through the hinge 20. One end of the torsion spring 21 is fixedly connected to the flap 18, and the other end of the torsion spring 21 is fixedly connected to the plate seat 19. The torsion spring 21 is used to keep the flap 18 and the plate seat 19 vertical.

[0027] When separating the coal gangue, the coal gangue containing coal blocks is first put into the storage cylinder 1 from the feed port 4, and then the coal blocks and coal gangue fall between the storage cylinder 1 and the vacuum cylinder 9. The vacuum cylinder 9 is driven to rotate by the motor 10, so that the inner ring shear plate 15 installed on the vacuum cylinder 9 moves and squeezes the coal blocks and coal gangue, so as to break the large pieces of preliminary coal blocks. Since the hardness of coal gangue is greater than that of coal blocks, the inner ring shear plate 15 will be pushed and deflected by the coal gangue after touching the harder coal gangue, so that the coal gangue can pass through the inner ring shear plate 15 smoothly and is not easily crushed, and finally the particle diameter of the crushed coal blocks is smaller than the particle diameter of the coal gangue. Finally, since the upper half of the vacuum cylinder 9 is a conical cylinder, the gap between the vacuum cylinder 9 and the storage cylinder 1 gradually decreases from top to bottom. At this time, large pieces of coal gangue are retained in the upper half of the vacuum cylinder 9, and the coal blocks that have been initially crushed can fall smoothly, thereby realizing the initial separation of the coal gangue blocks and the coal blocks.

[0028] The crushing mechanism 7 also includes a plurality of outer ring shear plates 17, which are vertically fixed on the storage tube 1 at equal intervals. The upper and lower ends of the outer ring shear plates 17 are at the same height as the upper and lower ends of the inner ring shear plates 15. When the vacuum cylinder 9 drives the inner ring shear plates 15 to move and pass through the outer ring shear plates 17, the coal blocks between the inner ring shear plates 15 and the outer ring shear plates 17 are subjected to pressures in two opposite directions, so that the coal blocks can be quickly broken into multiple small pieces. The coal blocks are crushed by applying static pressure in an extrusion manner. Compared with the high-speed impact crushing method, the dust generated when the coal blocks are crushed is effectively reduced. At the same time, the outer ring shear plates 17 can also prevent the coal blocks from slipping when being squeezed and moving with the inner ring shear plates 15, thereby improving the success rate of coal block crushing.

[0029] The sorting mechanism 8 includes an annular sieve plate 16, which is sleeved on the vacuum cylinder 9. The grid holes 11 are located below the annular sieve plate 16. The crushed coal blocks fall onto the annular sieve plate 16 for screening. The annular sieve plate 16 can be driven to rotate by the vacuum cylinder 9 so that the coal blocks can be evenly spread on the annular sieve plate 16 for screening after falling. The dust caused by the falling of the coal blocks is sucked into the vacuum cylinder 9 from the grid holes 11 below to prevent the dust from spreading.

[0030] The sorting mechanism 8 also includes a connecting frame 22, a spring pull rod 23, a rolling ring 24 and a push rod 25. The connecting frame 22 is fixed to the inner wall of the storage tube 1, and the two ends of the spring pull rod 23 are respectively connected to the connecting frame 22 and the rolling ring 24 through a universal ball head. The rolling ring 24 is suspended above the annular screen plate 16 through the spring pull rod 23, and the push rod 25 is fixed on the vacuum cylinder 9. When the vacuum cylinder 9 rotates, it can drive the push rod 25 to slide along the upper surface of the rolling ring 24. A plurality of semicircular protrusions are evenly spaced on the upper surface of the rolling ring 24, and the push rod 25 can push the semicircular protrusions to move downward. A plurality of tooth blocks 26 are also fixed to the bottom of the rolling ring 24, and the inner ring of the rolling ring 24 is set as a concave inclined surface to prevent the rolling ring 24 from blocking the coal blocks from falling.

[0031] The working principle of the sorting mechanism 8 is: when the initially crushed coal blocks fall onto the annular screen plate 16, a small amount of smaller coal gangue will also fall onto the screen plate, and the vacuum cylinder 9 continues to rotate to drive the push rod 25 to move along the upper surface of the rolling ring 24. When the push rod 25 moves to the semicircular protrusion, the push rod 25 pushes the semicircular protrusion to move downward, causing one side of the rolling ring 24 to move downward. The downward movement of the rolling ring 24 will squeeze the coal blocks and coal gangue on the screen plate. Since the hardness of coal gangue is greater than that of coal blocks, in the process of mutual squeezing between coal blocks and coal gangue, the softer coal blocks are further crushed and fall to the bottom of the screen plate, while the harder coal gangue is not easily crushed and continues to stay above the screen plate, thereby realizing the secondary sorting of coal blocks and coal gangue.

[0032] A transmission device 27 is also fixed below the base 2, and the transmission device 27 includes a gear frame 28, a driving gear 29, a first transmission shaft 30, a second transmission shaft 31, a first driven gear 32 and a second driven gear 33. The gear frame 28 is fixed below the base 2, and the driving gear 29 is rotatably mounted on the gear frame 28. The output shaft of the motor 10 passes through the gear frame 28 and is coaxially fixed with the driving gear 29. The upper end of the first transmission shaft 30 passes through the base 2 and the storage cylinder 1 and is fixedly connected to the bottom center of the vacuum cylinder 9. The lower end of the first transmission shaft 30 is coaxially fixed with the first driven gear 32. The second transmission shaft 31 is sleeved on the first transmission shaft 30. The upper end of the second transmission shaft 31 passes through the base 2 and is fixedly connected to the bottom center of the storage cylinder 1. The lower end of the second transmission shaft 31 is coaxially fixed with the second driven gear 33. The first driven gear 32 and the second driven gear 33 are both meshed with the driving gear 29 and are arranged at an interval of 180°.

[0033] The working principle of the transmission device 27 is: the motor 10 drives the driving gear 29 to rotate, the driving gear 29 drives the first driven gear 32 and the second driven gear 33 to rotate in opposite directions, the first driven gear 32 drives the vacuum cylinder 9 to rotate forwardly through the first transmission shaft 30, and the second driven gear 33 drives the storage cylinder 1 to rotate in the opposite direction through the second transmission shaft 31. By setting the transmission device 27, the vacuum cylinder 9 and the storage cylinder 1 can rotate in opposite directions, shortening the time required for the inner ring shear plate 15 and the outer ring shear plate 17 to intersect, and while keeping the working time unchanged, the interleaving frequency of the inner ring shear plate 15 and the outer ring shear plate 17 is increased, thereby increasing the number of times the coal blocks are squeezed and crushed, so that the coal blocks can be crushed quickly.

[0034] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representation of terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0035] With the above-mentioned ideal embodiments of the present invention as inspiration, through the above-mentioned description content, relevant personnel can make various changes and modifications without departing from the scope of the technical idea of ​​the present invention.

Claims

1. A coal gangue separation device, comprising a storage cylinder (1) and a base (2), wherein the storage cylinder (1) is rotatably mounted on the base (2), characterized in that: The storage cylinder (1) is provided with a cylinder cover (3) at the top, the cylinder cover (3) and the storage cylinder (1) are slidably sealed, the cylinder cover (3) is provided with a feed port (4), the storage cylinder (1) is provided with a discharge port (5) at the bottom, and further comprises an air extraction mechanism (6), a crushing mechanism (7) and a sorting mechanism (8), the air extraction mechanism (6) comprises an air extraction cylinder (9), the air extraction cylinder (9) is rotatably installed at the center of the storage cylinder (1), the air extraction cylinder (9) is driven to rotate by a motor (10), and the lower half of the air extraction cylinder (9) is provided with a A grid hole (11) and a dust cleaning port (12) are provided, and a dust extraction cover (13) is rotatably installed on the top of the vacuum cylinder (9), and the dust extraction cover (13) is connected to a dust extraction pipe (14); the crushing mechanism (7) includes a plurality of inner ring shear plates (15), and the plurality of inner ring shear plates (15) are vertically fixed on the vacuum cylinder (9) at equal intervals; the sorting mechanism (8) includes an annular sieve plate (16), and the annular sieve plate (16) is sleeved on the vacuum cylinder (9), and the grid hole (11) is located below the annular sieve plate (16).

2. A coal gangue separation device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The crushing mechanism (7) further comprises a plurality of outer ring shear plates (17), wherein the plurality of outer ring shear plates (17) are vertically fixed on the storage cylinder (1) at equal intervals, and the upper and lower ends of the outer ring shear plates (17) are at the same height as the upper and lower ends of the inner ring shear plates (15).

3. The coal gangue separation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper half of the vacuum cylinder (9) is a conical cylinder, and the inner ring shear plate (15) is fixed on the conical surface of the vacuum cylinder (9) and is arranged to be inclined toward the rotation direction of the vacuum cylinder (9).

4. A coal gangue separation device as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The inner ring shear plate (15) includes a flap (18), a plate seat (19), a hinge (20) and a torsion spring (21); the plate seat (19) is fixed on the conical surface of the vacuum cylinder (9); the flap (18) is rotatably connected to the plate seat (19) via the hinge (20); one end of the torsion spring (21) is fixedly connected to the flap (18); the other end of the torsion spring (21) is fixedly connected to the plate seat (19); the torsion spring (21) is used to keep the flap (18) and the plate seat (19) vertical.

5. The coal gangue separation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sorting mechanism (8) further comprises a connecting frame (22), a spring pull rod (23), a rolling ring (24) and a push rod (25); the connecting frame (22) is fixed to the inner wall of the storage tube (1); the two ends of the spring pull rod (23) are respectively connected to the connecting frame (22) and the rolling ring (24) through a universal ball head; the rolling ring (24) is suspended directly above the annular sieve plate (16) through the spring pull rod (23); the push rod (25) is fixed to the vacuum cylinder (9); when the vacuum cylinder (9) rotates, the push rod (25) can be driven to slide along the upper surface of the rolling ring (24); a plurality of semicircular protrusions are arranged on the upper surface of the rolling ring (24) at equal intervals; the push rod (25) can push the semicircular protrusions to move downward.

6. A coal gangue separation device as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: A plurality of tooth blocks (26) are also fixed to the bottom of the rolling ring (24).

7. The coal gangue separation device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The inner ring of the rolling ring (24) is arranged as a concave inclined surface.

8. The coal gangue separation equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: A transmission device (27) is also fixed below the base (2), and the transmission device (27) comprises a gear frame (28), a driving gear (29), a first transmission shaft (30), a second transmission shaft (31), a first driven gear (32) and a second driven gear (33). The gear frame (28) is fixed below the base (2), and the driving gear (29) is rotatably mounted on the gear frame (28). The output shaft of the motor (10) passes through the gear frame (28) and is coaxially fixed with the driving gear (29). The upper end of the first transmission shaft (30) passes through the base (2) and The storage cylinder (1) is fixedly connected to the bottom center of the vacuum cylinder (9) at the rear, the lower end of the first transmission shaft (30) is coaxially fixed to the first driven gear (32), the second transmission shaft (31) is sleeved on the first transmission shaft (30), the upper end of the second transmission shaft (31) passes through the base (2) and is fixedly connected to the bottom center of the storage cylinder (1), the lower end of the second transmission shaft (31) is coaxially fixed to the second driven gear (33), the first driven gear (32) and the second driven gear (33) are both meshed with the driving gear (29) and are arranged 180 degrees apart.

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